218 results on '"Martin Hjorth"'
Search Results
2. Characterizing the growing microorganisms at species level in 46 anaerobic digesters at Danish wastewater treatment plants: A six-year survey on microbial community structure and key drivers
- Author
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Jiang, Chenjing, Peces, Miriam, Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Kucheryavskiy, Sergey, Nierychlo, Marta, Yashiro, Erika, Andersen, Kasper Skytte, Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen, Hao, Liping, Høgh, Jan, Hansen, Aviaja Anna, Dueholm, Morten Simonsen, and Nielsen, Per Halkjær
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Fast DNA-analyses for surveillance of microbial communities in full-scale deammonification tanks: Potential for control and troubleshooting
- Author
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Martin Hjorth Andersen, Lisette Thomsen, Mikkel Stokholm-Bjerregaard, Søren Eriksen, Susan Hove Hansen, Mads Albertsen, and Per Halkjær Nielsen
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Environmental Engineering ,Ecological Modeling ,Pollution ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Water Science and Technology ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2023
4. Connecting structure to function with the recovery of over 1000 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes from activated sludge using long-read sequencing
- Author
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Rasmus Hansen Kirkegaard, Mads Albertsen, Zivile Kondrotaite, Thomas Yssing Michaelsen, Søren Michael Karst, Martin Hjorth Andersen, Per Halkjær Nielsen, Francesca Petriglieri, Caitlin M. Singleton, Morten Simonsen Dueholm, and Jannie Munk Kristensen
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0301 basic medicine ,Water microbiology ,Microorganism ,Denmark ,Science ,030106 microbiology ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Microbial communities ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Wastewater ,Genome ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,Water Purification ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bioreactors ,Phylogenetics ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,Multidisciplinary ,Bacteria ,Sewage ,Microbiota ,RNA, Ribosomal, 5S ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,General Chemistry ,Ribosomal RNA ,16S ribosomal RNA ,RNA, Ribosomal, 23S ,030104 developmental biology ,Metagenomics ,Metagenome ,Function (biology) ,Genome, Bacterial - Abstract
Microorganisms play crucial roles in water recycling, pollution removal and resource recovery in the wastewater industry. The structure of these microbial communities is increasingly understood based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data. However, such data cannot be linked to functional potential in the absence of high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) for nearly all species. Here, we use long-read and short-read sequencing to recover 1083 high-quality MAGs, including 57 closed circular genomes, from 23 Danish full-scale wastewater treatment plants. The MAGs account for ~30% of the community based on relative abundance, and meet the stringent MIMAG high-quality draft requirements including full-length rRNA genes. We use the information provided by these MAGs in combination with >13 years of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data, as well as Raman microspectroscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridisation, to uncover abundant undescribed lineages belonging to important functional groups., Microbes play key roles in wastewater treatment. Here, Singleton et al. use long-read and short-read sequencing to recover 1083 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes from 23 wastewater treatment plants, and combine this information with amplicon data, Raman microspectroscopy and FISH to reveal functionally important lineages.
- Published
- 2021
5. Increased transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 by age and viral load
- Author
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Lyngse, Frederik Plesner, Mølbak, Kåre, Skov, Robert Leo, Christiansen, Lasse Engbo, Mortensen, Laust Hvas, Albertsen, Mads, Møller, Camilla Holten, Krause, Tyra Grove, Rasmussen, Morten, Michaelsen, Thomas Yssing, Voldstedlund, Marianne, Fonager, Jannik, Steenhard, Nina, Kirkeby, Carsten Thure, Brandt, Jakob, Knutsson, Simon, Sørensen, Emil Aarre, Nymann, Thomas, Petersen, Celine, Chiche-Lapierre, Clarisse Eve, Hansen, Frederik Teilfeldt, Collados, Emilio Fuster, Berg, Amalie, Remmer Bielidt, Susanne, Mølvang Dall, Sebastian, Dvarionaite, Erika, Hove Hansen, Susan, Jørgensen, Vibeke Rudkjøbing, Nicolajsen, Trine Buus, Saei, Wagma, Østergaard, Stine Karstenskov, Yssing Michaelsen, Thomas, Le-Quy, Vang, Sereika, Mantas, Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen, Andersen, Kasper Skytte, Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Hansen, Karsten Kryger, Boye, Mads, Bach, Mads Peter, Dissing, Peter, Drastrup-Fjordbak, Anton, Collin, Michael, Büttner, Finn, Andersen, Susanne, Otte, Lea Sass, Bøgsted, Martin, Brøndum, Rasmus Froberg, Hose, Katja, Sagi, Tomer, Pakanec, Miroslav, Krarup, Henrik Bygum, Fuglsang-Damgaard, David, and Mølvadgaard, Mette
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,Epidemiology ,Science ,Denmark ,General Physics and Astronomy ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,Young Adult ,Humans ,Child ,COVID-19/epidemiology ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Age Factors ,Infant, Newborn ,COVID-19 ,Infant ,General Chemistry ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,Denmark/epidemiology ,Viral infection ,Child, Preschool ,Female - Abstract
New lineages of SARS-CoV-2 are of potential concern due to higher transmissibility, risk of severe outcomes, and/or escape from neutralizing antibodies. Lineage B.1.1.7 (the Alpha variant) became dominant in early 2021, but the association between transmissibility and risk factors, such as age of primary case and viral load remains poorly understood. Here, we used comprehensive administrative data from Denmark, comprising the full population (January 11 to February 7, 2021), to estimate household transmissibility. This study included 5,241 households with primary cases; 808 were infected with lineage B.1.1.7 and 4,433 with other lineages. Here, we report an attack rate of 38% in households with a primary case infected with B.1.1.7 and 27% in households with other lineages. Primary cases infected with B.1.1.7 had an increased transmissibility of 1.5–1.7 times that of primary cases infected with other lineages. The increased transmissibility of B.1.1.7 was multiplicative across age and viral load., Establishing the relative transmissibility of emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 is key for pandemic management. Here, the authors use full-population administrative data from Denmark linked to PCR test results and estimate that the Alpha variant was ~60% higher than other strains circulating in early 2021.
- Published
- 2021
6. Genomic insights into Candidatus Amarolinea aalborgensis gen. nov., sp. nov., associated with settleability problems in wastewater treatment plants
- Author
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Per Halkjær Nielsen, Mads Albertsen, Simon Jon McIlroy, Marta Nierychlo, and Martin Hjorth Andersen
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DNA, Bacterial ,Denmark ,Segmented filamentous bacteria ,Population ,Wastewater ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Genome ,03 medical and health sciences ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,education ,In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ,Phylogeny ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetics ,Whole genome sequencing ,Phylotype ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,Sewage ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,Chloroflexi ,biology.organism_classification ,Bacterial Typing Techniques ,Chloroflexi (class) ,Metagenomics ,Candidatus ,Genome, Bacterial - Abstract
Settleability of particles in activated sludge systems can be impaired by an overgrowth of filamentous bacteria, a problem known as bulking. These filaments are often members of the phylum Chloroflexi, sometimes reaching abundances in excess of 30% of the biovolume. The uncultured Chloroflexi phylotype, Candidatus Amarolinea, has been observed in high abundances in Danish full-scale activated sludge systems by 16S rRNA gene amplicon surveys, where it has been associated with bulking. In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization was applied to confirm their high abundance, filamentous morphology, and contribution to the interfloc bridging that characterizes filamentous bulking. Furthermore, genome-centric metagenomics using both Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing was used to obtain a near complete population genome (5.7 Mbp) of the Ca. Amarolinea phylotype, which belongs to the proposed novel family Amarolineaceae within the order Caldilineales of Chloroflexi. Annotation of the genome indicated that the phylotype is capable of aerobic respiration, fermentation, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia. The genome sequence also gives a better insight into the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships of the organism. The name Candidatus Amarolinea aalborgensis is proposed for the species.
- Published
- 2019
7. Characterizing the growing microorganisms at species level in 46 anaerobic digesters at Danish wastewater treatment plants: A six-year survey on microbial community structure and key drivers
- Author
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Kasper Skytte Andersen, Chenjing Jiang, Martin Hjorth Andersen, Rasmus Hansen Kirkegaard, Erika Yashiro, Liping Hao, Miriam Peces, Jan Høgh, Sergey Kucheryavskiy, Marta Nierychlo, Morten Simonsen Dueholm, Aviaja Anna Hansen, and Per Halkjær Nielsen
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Environmental Engineering ,Denmark ,0208 environmental biotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Water Purification ,Bioreactors ,Microbial ecology ,Biogas ,Anaerobic digestion ,Wastewater treatment plants ,Anaerobiosis ,Waste Management and Disposal ,PLS regression ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Sewage ,business.industry ,Microbiota ,Ecological Modeling ,Operational parameters ,Community structure ,Microbial community structure ,Thermal hydrolysis ,Archaea ,Pollution ,020801 environmental engineering ,Biotechnology ,Activated sludge ,Microbial population biology ,Sewage treatment ,business ,Methane ,MiDAS 3 - Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a key technology at many wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for converting primary and surplus activated sludge to methane-rich biogas. However, the limited number of surveys and the lack of comprehensive datasets have hindered a deeper understanding of the characteristics and associations between key variables and the microbial community composition. Here, we present a six-year survey of 46 anaerobic digesters, located at 22 WWTPs in Denmark, which is the first and largest known study of the microbial ecology of AD at WWTPs at a regional scale. For three types of AD (mesophilic, mesophilic with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment, and thermophilic), we present the typical value range of 12 key parameters including operational variables and performance parameters. High-resolution bacterial and archaeal community analyses were carried out at species level using amplicon sequencing of >1,000 samples and the new ecosystem-specific MiDAS 3 reference database. We detected 42 phyla, 1,600 genera, and 3,584 species in the bacterial community, where 70% of the genera and 93% of the species represented environmental taxa that were only classified based on MiDAS 3 de novo placeholder taxonomy. More than 40% of the bacterial species were found not to grow in the mesophilic and thermophilic digesters and were only present due to immigration with the feed sludge. Ammonium concentration was the main driver shaping the bacterial community while temperature and pH were main drivers for the archaea in the three types of ADs. Sub-setting for the growing microbes improved significantly the correlation analyses and revealed the main drivers for the presence of specific species. Within mesophilic digesters, feed sludge composition and other key parameters (organic loading rate, biogas yield, and ammonium concentration) correlated with specific growing species. This survey provides a comprehensive insight into community structure at species level, providing a foundation for future studies of the ecological significance/characteristics and function of the many novel or poorly described taxa.
- Published
- 2021
8. Towards real-time DNA-based microbial surveillance at water resource recovery facilities
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Andersen, Martin Hjorth
- Subjects
Nanopore ,monitor ,Water resource recovery facility ,on-site ,DNA sequencing ,microbial community - Published
- 2021
9. Characterizing the growing microorganisms at species level in 46 anaerobic digesters at Danish wastewater treatment plants: A six-year survey on microbiome structure and key drivers
- Author
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Aviaja Anna Hansen, Miriam Peces, Morten Simonsen Dueholm, Per Halkjær Nielsen, Liping Hao, Rasmus Hansen Kirkegaard, Martin Hjorth Andersen, Sergey Kucheryavskiy, Marta Nierychlo, Erika Yashiro, Jan Hoegh, Kasper Skytte Andersen, and Chenjing Jiang
- Subjects
Anaerobic digestion ,biology ,Microbial ecology ,Biogas ,Ecology ,Microorganism ,Sewage treatment ,Microbiome ,biology.organism_classification ,Archaea ,Mesophile - Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a key technology at many wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for converting surplus activated sludge to methane-rich biogas. However, the limited number of surveys and the lack of comprehensive data sets have hindered a deeper understanding of the characteristics and associations between key variables and the microbiome composition. Here, we present a six-year survey of 46 anaerobic digesters, located at 22 WWTPs in Denmark, which is the largest known study of the microbial ecology of AD at WWTPs at a regional scale. For three types of AD (mesophilic, mesophilic with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment, and thermophilic), we present the typical value range of 12 key parameters including operational variables and performance parameters. The bacterial and archaeal microbiomes were analyzed at species-level resolution using amplicon sequencing in >1,000 samples and the new ecosystem-specific MiDAS 3 reference database. We detected 42 phyla, 1,600 genera and 3,584 species in the bacterial microbiome, where 70% of the genera and 93% of the species represented uncultivated taxa that were only classified based on MiDAS 3 denovo placeholder taxonomy. More than 40% of the 100 most abundant bacterial species did not grow in the digesters and were only present due to immigration with the feed sludge. Temperature, ammonium concentration, and pH were the main drivers shaping the microbiome clusters of the three types of ADs for both bacteria and for archaea. Within mesophilic digesters, feed sludge composition and other key parameters (organic loading rate, biogas yield, and ammonium concentration) correlated with the growing bacterial microbiome. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed the main drivers for specific species among growing bacteria and archaea, and revealed the potential ecological function of many novel taxa. Our study highlights the influence of immigration on bacterial AD microbiome. Subsetting the growing microbes improves the understanding of the diversity and main drivers of microbiome assembly, and elucidates functionality of specific species-level microorganisms. This six-year survey provides a comprehensive insight into microbiome structure at species level, engineering and ecological performance, and a foundation for future studies of the ecological significance/characteristics and function of the novel taxa.
- Published
- 2020
10. Connecting structure to function with the recovery of over 1000 high-quality activated sludge metagenome-assembled genomes encoding full-length rRNA genes using long-read sequencing
- Author
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Caitlin M. Singleton, Francesca Petriglieri, Thomas Yssing Michaelsen, Martin Hjorth Andersen, Rasmus Hansen Kirkegaard, Per Halkjær Nielsen, Søren Michael Karst, Jannie Munk Kristensen, Zivile Kondrotaite, Mads Albertsen, and Morten Simonsen Dueholm
- Subjects
Metagenomics ,Microorganism ,Computational biology ,Ribosomal RNA ,Biology ,Amplicon ,16S ribosomal RNA ,Gene ,Genome ,Function (biology) - Abstract
Microorganisms are critical to water recycling, pollution removal and resource recovery processes in the wastewater industry. While the structure of this complex community is increasingly understood based on 16S rRNA gene studies, this structure cannot currently be linked to functional potential due to the absence of high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with full-length rRNA genes for nearly all species. Here, we sequence 23 Danish full-scale wastewater treatment plant metagenomes, producing >1 Tbp of long-read and >0.9 Tbp of short-read data. We recovered 1083 high-quality MAGs, including 57 closed circular genomes. The MAGs accounted for ~30% of the community, and meet the stringent MIMAG high-quality draft requirements including full-length rRNA genes. We show how novel high-quality MAGs in combination with >13 years of amplicon data, Raman microspectroscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridisation can be used to uncover abundant undescribed lineages belonging to important functional groups.
- Published
- 2020
11. Trash to treasure:exploring the wastewater system with high quality MAGs from large-scale Nanopore data
- Author
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Singleton, Caitlin Margaret, Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen, Yssing Michaelsen, Thomas, Karst, Søren Michael, Dueholm, Morten Simonsen, Nielsen, Per Halkjær, and Albertsen, Mads
- Subjects
Nanopore ,Microbial community ,Long-read ,Metagenomics ,Wastewater - Abstract
Improvements to wastewater resource recovery and treatment efficiency are essential for fulfilling the UN sustainable development goals for both sustainable cities (goal 11) and responsible production and consumption (goal 12). Microbes are central to the processes underpinning wastewater treatment, however knowledge of this complex community is limited to isolates, marker genes or incomplete genomes. To improve our capacity to characterise this community at the genome level, we conducted large-scale long-read sequencing of 23 Danish full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) metagenomes using the Nanopore PromethION platform, producing >1 Tbp (or 17 TB raw) of long-read data. These data enabled the recovery of 987 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), including 36 circular genomes, after short-read data polishing (>0.9 Tbp Illumina). The recovered MAGs met stringent high-quality draft requirements of >90% completeness
- Published
- 2019
12. 0731 - Time to settle the score: retrieving the genome of a novel uncultured chloroflexi associated with bulking in activated sludge
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Simon J. McIlroy and Martin Hjorth Andersen
- Published
- 2018
13. time to settle the score: retrieving the genome of a novel uncultured chloroflexi associated with bulking in activated sludge
- Author
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Martin Hjorth Andersen, Chenjing Jiang, Marta Nierychlo, Per Halkjær Nielsen, and Mads Albertsen
- Abstract
Wastewater treatment traditionally relies on the separation of the sludge and water phase before leading the effluent water into the environment. The so-called settleability of the sludge depends on the microbial community, which forms granules of varying sizes. Filamentous bacteria can impair settleability, which is known as bulking. Bacteria belonging to the phylum Chloroflexi are filamentous and often associated with bulking and foaming in activated sludge. An amplicon survey of 24 Danish wastewater treatment plants found several OTUs associated with uncultured members of a novel class in high relative abundance in several plants, suggesting a likely role in bulking problems. As this genus was only known by its 16S rRNA gene, this could not be confirmed. In this study, a genome representing the C10_SB1A phylotype was assembled from a full-scale activated sludge metagenome and the bacterium visualized using fluorescent in situ hybridization.Three samples, in which the target Chloroflexi was in different relative abundances, were paired-end sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq. The bin of interest was extracted using differential coverage and paired-end information. The genome was reassembled and scaffolded with Nanopore reads, producing the first complete genome in the novel class. A fluorescent in situ hybridization probe, designed to target the phylotype on a genus-level, confirmed the validity of our findings.The assembly of this genome will help shed light on the ecology of an uncultured Chloroflexi species, which eventually can lead to a better understanding of bulking in activated sludge.
- Published
- 2018
14. Development of online DNA sequencing methods to monitor bacterial communities
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Schacksen, Patrick Skov, Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Kirkegaard, Rasmus, and Albertsen, Mads
- Abstract
Poster presented by Patrick Skov Schacksen at the DCB13 conference in Vejle 2018.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Managing the wastewater microbiome: Rapid microbial surveillance using Nanopore DNA sequencing
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Martin Hjorth Andersen, Rasmus Hansen Kirkegaard, and Mads Albertsen
- Abstract
Background Wastewater treatment plants depend heavily on microbial communities to clean sewage water, which has to pass strict nutrient requirements before the effluent goes into waterways. The biological processes are generally stable. However, problems do occur occasionally, can arise quickly and lead to process breakdown, leading to increased operational costs and potential environmental hazards[1,2]. With current methods, it is often impossible to predict a system crash before it is too late. Monitoring the microbial community for critical changes is tedious, as the process from sample to results generally take several days and requires expert knowledge as well as expensive lab facilities. A faster workflow is therefore necessary to ensure a more efficient wastewater management in the future.Experimental design Protocols were developed with focus on portability, ease-of-use and equipment cost. DNA extraction was performed with a mobile bead beater with a 3D-printed adapter, a table centrifuge and beads for solid phase reversible immobilization (SRPI beads). Full-length 16S rRNA amplicon libraries were produced using a miniPCR™ (Amplyus, USA) and the SQK-RAB201 kit from Oxford Nanopore (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, UK). The amplicon libraries were sequenced on a MinION (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, UK) and data for the first 10 minutes of sequencing was base-called on a local laptop, mapped to the MiDAS database using minimap2 and analysed in the R environment using the R package ampvis2[3].Results and Discussion The developed workflow enabled us to go on-site a wastewater treatment plant and perform the workflow from sampling to a resulting community composition profile in 6 hours. This rapid workflow could currently provide actionable information to plant operators in time to mitigate a process breakdown, and based on ongoing developments it is our belief that plant operators will soon be able to monitor and report the microbial status as a routine measurement alongside simple process characteristics such as pH and temperature. With further improvements the workflow will be simple enough for on-site lab technicians, without experience in molecular biology, to perform the complete workflow per routine.
- Published
- 2018
16. Time to settle the score:Retrieving the genome of a novel Chloroflexi associated with bulking in activated sludge
- Author
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Andersen, Martin Hjorth, McIlroy, Simon Jon, Nierychlo, Marta, Nielsen, Per Halkjær, and Albertsen, Mads
- Published
- 2018
17. Farm and operator characteristics affecting adoption of precision agriculture in Denmark and Germany
- Author
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Tamirat, Tseganesh Wubale, Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Tamirat, Tseganesh Wubale, Pedersen, Søren Marcus, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Abstract
Precision Agriculture (PA) has been advocated as a promising technology and management philosophy that provides multidimensional benefits for producers and consumers while being environmentally friendly. In Europe, private stakeholders (farm advisors, farm equipment producers, decision support providers, farmers) and research institutions have been trying to develop, test and demonstrate adoption of precision agriculture solutions with governments financing big projects in these areas. Despite these efforts, adoption is still lagging behind expectations. Whether farmers adopt PA or not is likely to be influenced by several factors. This study intends to identify the main socio-economic determinants of adoption of precision agriculture in Denmark and Germany employing a binary logit model on a cross-section survey data. The results show that farm size, farmer age and demonstration and networking events like attending workshops and exhibitions significantly influence farmers’ adoption decision., Precision Agriculture (PA) has been advocated as a promising technology and management philosophy that provides multidimensional benefits for producers and consumers while being environmentally friendly. In Europe, private stakeholders (farm advisors, farm equipment producers, decision support providers, farmers) and research institutions have been trying to develop, test and demonstrate adoption of precision agriculture solutions with governments financing big projects in these areas. Despite these efforts, adoption is still lagging behind expectations. Whether farmers adopt PA or not is likely to be influenced by several factors. This study intends to identify the main socio-economic determinants of adoption of precision agriculture in Denmark and Germany employing a binary logit model on a cross-section survey data. The results show that farm size, farmer age and demonstration and networking events like attending workshops and exhibitions significantly influence farmers’ adoption decision.
- Published
- 2018
18. Farmers’ perception of Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) and associated technologies
- Author
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Thomsen, Maria Nygård, Tamirat, Tseganesh Wubale, Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Pedersen, Hans Henrik, de Bruin, Sytze, Nuyttens, David, Vangeyte, Jurgen, Forristal, Patrick Dermot, Sørensen, Claus Aage Grøn, Thomsen, Maria Nygård, Tamirat, Tseganesh Wubale, Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Pedersen, Hans Henrik, de Bruin, Sytze, Nuyttens, David, Vangeyte, Jurgen, Forristal, Patrick Dermot, and Sørensen, Claus Aage Grøn
- Abstract
This report presents descriptive results from a recent survey conducted with the objective of assessing the use of Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) practices and associated precision farming technologies among farmers in eight European countries. About 26 % of the surveyed farmers use some CTF systems of which 45 % apply CTF on their entire farm. For the CTF users, the major motives to use CTF are to reduce soil structure damage and to improve efficiency (reduce cost) followed by a desire to make more profit. Concern about heavy machinery – induced soil compaction and perceptions about the potentials of CTF are considerably high. However, adoption appears to be constrained mainly by: high cost of machinery modification and RTK purchase, lack of compatibility of equipment and also GPS systems from different manufacturers, and lack of decision support systems. Issues about evidence on demonstrated benefits under local conditions and availability of contractors are also mentioned as limiting factors., This report presents descriptive results from a recent survey conducted with the objective of assessing the use of Controlled Traffic Farming (CTF) practices and associated precision farming technologies among farmers in eight European countries. About 26 % of the surveyed farmers use some CTF systems of which 45 % apply CTF on their entire farm. For the CTF users, the major motives to use CTF are to reduce soil structure damage and to improve efficiency (reduce cost) followed by a desire to make more profit. Concern about heavy machinery – induced soil compaction and perceptions about the potentials of CTF are considerably high. However, adoption appears to be constrained mainly by: high cost of machinery modification and RTK purchase, lack of compatibility of equipment and also GPS systems from different manufacturers, and lack of decision support systems. Issues about evidence on demonstrated benefits under local conditions and availability of contractors are also mentioned as limiting factors.
- Published
- 2018
19. Den Mikrobiologiske Database for Rådnetanke
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Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Nielsen, Per Halkjær, Hansen, Aviaja Anna, and Høgh, Jan
- Abstract
Denne rapport beskriver driftsdata for de renseanlæg, som har været tilmeldt den mikrobiologiske database for danske rådnetanke i 2011-2016.Den store mængde driftsdata indhentet i 2016 er gennemgået, sammenlignet anlæggene imellem, og sammenholdt med normværdier fra litteraturen for at vurdere driften.Undersøgelsen har vist, at de fleste rådnetanke drives inden for de anbefalede værdier, men at der kan være stor forskel i gasproduktion både anlæggene imellem og i samme rådnetank over tid. Der er især fundet en sammenhæng til den organiske belastning, hvor gasproduktionen er omvendt korreleret med belastningen. Det anbefales derfor at holde godt styr på belastningen, hvilket kræver jævnlige analyser af samtlige fødestrømme ind i rådnetankene.Flere anlæg har ikke mulighed for at monitere gasproduktionen, hvilket gør optimering af effekten svær. Det anbefales at alle rådnetanke udstyres med online sensorer til måling af gas flow, da der kan være mange penge at tjene på optimering af gasproduktionen.Ved analyser af kortkædede fedtsyrer udført i 2016 er det fundet, at der ofte sker store overestimeringer ved brug af Hach LCK365 kittet, som er almindeligt anvendt til bestemmelse af VFA koncentrationer. De målte koncentrationer kan i nogle tilfælde bruges som indikation på skift i den reelle koncentration. Enkelte renseanlæg er begyndt at bruge titrering i stedet, hvilket umiddelbart ikke kan anbefales da denne metode ligeledes overestimerer VFA-koncentrationen i rådnetankene. Fokus bør lægges på at bruge sammenlignelige metoder på alle renseanlæg, hvilket i nogle tilfælde kan indebære koncentrationsbestemmelse af VFA på et akkrediteret laboratorium.Det er blevet observeret, at der ofte er store daglige variationer i de analyserede parametre i rådnetankene, hvilket gør det svært at identificere korrelationer mellem mikrobiologi og driftsdata. Kun få korrelationer er fundet. For at finde flere korrelationer er der behov for en højere tidsopløselighed af mikrobiologiske prøver fra rådnetanke med gode driftsdata.
- Published
- 2017
20. Rådnetanke:Er der mulighed for optimering?
- Author
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Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Hansen, Aviaja A., and Nielsen, Per Halkjær
- Published
- 2017
21. Rapid microbial surveillance using Nanopore DNA sequencing
- Author
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Martin Hjorth Andersen, Rasmus Hansen Kirkegaard, Mads Albertsen, and Per Halkjær Nielsen
- Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants depend heavily on microbial communities to clean sewage water, which has to pass strict nutrient requirements before the effluent goes into waterways. The biological processes are generally stable. However, problems do occur occasionally, can arise quickly and lead to process breakdown. To mitigate this, operators have to act fast to control problematic microbes. With current methods, it is often impossible to predict a system crash before it is too late. Monitoring the microbial community for critical changes is tedious, as the process from sample to results take several days and requires expert knowledge as well as expensive lab facilities. In this project, we developed rapid protocols to make a profile of all bacteria and detect problematic microorganisms, such as pathogens or process critical bacteria from wastewater treatment plants, onsite in a matter of hours. This will provide actionable information to plant operators in time to mitigate a process breakdown. The key to this is the development of simple, cheap and easy to use protocols that will ultimately allow plant operators to monitor and report the microbial status as a routine measurement alongside simple process characteristics such as pH and temperature.
- Published
- 2017
22. Modeling the potential impacts of two BREXIT scenarios on the Danish agricultural sectors
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Yu, Wusheng, Elleby, Christian, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, and Thomsen, Maria Nygård
- Published
- 2017
23. The marketing of veterinary preparedness is an overlooked asset in Danish export strategies
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Mortensen, Sten, Christensen, Tove, Alban, Lis, Houe, Hans, Boklund, Anette, Hansen, Henning Otto, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, and Denver, Sigrid
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Performance survey of 46 full-scale Danish anaerobic digesters
- Author
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Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Kirkegaard, Rasmus Hansen, and Nielsen, Per Halkjær
- Abstract
Background. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a key technology for a sustainable future and is employed worldwide to produce biogas and degrade organic wastes. The strong emphasis on circular economy at Danish wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has had the consequence that many plants utilise AD to treat primary and secondary sludge. Although AD has been extensively studied in lab- and pilot-scale, studies describing full-scale operation of AD at WWTPs are few. An improved understanding of how full-scale ADs are operated and how they perform is important for future optimisation of design and operation. Research question. The main objective was to learn how the Danish ADs treating wastewater sludge are operated, and investigate whether correlations between performance and microbiology could be identified.Methods. We conducted a six-year survey of operational data from 46 ADs at 22 Danish WWTPs. Data included feeding sludge flows, gas yield, and operational parameters such as volatile fatty acids, alkalinity and ammonium. The microbial communities (archaea and bacteria) were analysed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of all 400+ samples.Main results. Unexpected difficulties arose when comparing the different plants since the chemical parameters analysed, analytical methods and sensors used, and possibilities for accessing data, varied a lot. The survey proved that there is need for standardisation of chemical analyses and equipment. Data suggested that, in most cases, thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment and thermophilic operating conditions were more efficient than mesophilic single-phase digesters. The lack of standardisation between WWTPs made identification of correlations between performance and microbiology difficult. The bacterial community was more diverse in mesophilic digesters and methanogenesis occurred predominantly through the acetoclastic pathway, while the hydrogenotrophic pathway was prevalent in thermophilic.Take-home messages. Further research is needed to optimise methane yield and sludge degradation, which are essential parameters for achieving a good circular economy at Danish WWTPs.Acknowledgements. The Danish wastewater treatment plants are acknowledged for their support with funding, samples and data and the Villum foundation for funding.References.1. Kirkegaard, R.H., S.J. McIlroy, J.M. Kristensen, M. Nierychlo, S.M. Karst, M.S. Dueholm, M. Albertsen and P.H. Nielsen (2016): Identifying the abundant and active microorganisms common to full-scale anaerobic digesters. bioRxiv.doi.org/10.1101/104620. 2. McIlroy, S.J., R.H. Kirkegaard, B. McIlroy, M. Nierychlo, J.M. Kristensen, S.M. Karst, M. Albertsen and P.H. Nielsen (2017): MiDAS 2.0: An ecosystem-specific taxonomy and online database for the organisms of wastewater treatment systems expanded for anaerobic digester groups. Database (in press).
- Published
- 2017
25. Tid til at revidere vores opfattelse af flygtige syrer i rådnetanken?
- Author
-
Andersen, Martin Hjorth, Hao, Liping, Dottorini, Giulia, and Nielsen, Per Halkjær
- Published
- 2017
26. De økonomiske konsekvenser af Storbritanniens udtræden af EU for den danske landbrugs- og fødevaresektor
- Author
-
Elleby, Christian, Yu, Wusheng, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Vidø, Elsebeth, and Schou, Jesper Sølver
- Published
- 2017
27. How well do 46 full-scale Danish anaerobic digesters at wastewater treatment plants perform?
- Author
-
Martin Hjorth Andersen, Rasmus Hansen Kirkegaard, and Mads Albertsen
- Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a key technology for a sustainable future and is employed worldwide as a means to produce biogas and degrade various organic wastes. The strong emphasis on circular economy at the Danish wastewater plants (WWTP) has therefore had the consequence that many plants also include AD to treat primary and secondary sludge. Although AD has been extensively studied in lab- and pilot-scale, studies describing full-scale operation of AD at WWTPs are few. An improved understanding of how full-scale ADs are operated and how they perform is important for future optimisation of design and operation. In this study, we conducted a six-year survey of operational data from 46 anaerobic digesters located at 22 Danish WWTPs. These data included feeding sludge flows, gas yield, and some operating parameters such as volatile fatty acids, alkalinity and ammonium. Also the microbial communities (archaea and bacteria) were analysed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of all 400+ samples. The main objective was to learn how the Danish anaerobic digesters treating wastewater sludge are operated, and investigate whether it was possible to identify correlations between performance and microbiology. Large differences in the general operation and performance of the ADs were recorded. However, it was unexpectedly difficult to compare the different plants since the type of chemical parameters analysed, type of analytical methods and sensors, and possibilities for accessing data, varied a lot. The survey proved that there is need for better standardisation of some chemical analyses and some equipment. The data suggested that, in most cases, thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment and thermophilic operating conditions were more efficient than mesophilic single-phase digesters, although exceptions were found. The difficulties in comparing the operation and performance of the plants made it difficult to identify correlations between performance and microbiology. However, the microbial community analysis indicated that methanogenesis occurred predominantly through the acetoclastic pathway in mesophilic digesters while the hydrogenotrophic pathway was prevalent in thermophilic. Mesophilic digesters were found to have a more diverse bacterial community than thermophilic digesters. Further research is needed to optimise methane yield and sludge degradation, which are essential parameters for achieving a good circular economy at Danish WWTPs.
- Published
- 2017
28. Perspectives of precision agriculture in a broader policy context
- Author
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Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Abstract
Agriculture is faced with contrasting requirements from the broader society. On the one hand, agriculture needs to expand production to be able to feed a growing global population. Furthermore, the developing bio-economy requires agriculture to produce for a range of non-food objectives such as bio-fuel, textile fibres, etc. On the other hand, concerns over the environment, climate, biodiversity and other ecosystem services place restrictions on conventional agricultural production. Precision agriculture can be part of the response to these often conflicting issues by employing technologies that in a precise and targeted approach reduce resource use and increase yield. Furthermore, the growing demand for higher value food products in terms of health and quality require traceability and information about production processes and resource use, which also correspond with the possibilities offered by precision agriculture technology. The general movement towards higher integration in food supply chains is a natural extension of the requirements for traceability and product information, which are integral parts of precision agriculture., Agriculture is faced with contrasting requirements from the broader society. On the one hand, agriculture needs to expand production to be able to feed a growing global population. Furthermore, the developing bio-economy requires agriculture to produce for a range of non-food objectives such as bio-fuel, textile fibres, etc. On the other hand, concerns over the environment, climate, biodiversity and other ecosystem services place restrictions on conventional agricultural production. Precision agriculture can be part of the response to these often conflicting issues by employing technologies that in a precise and targeted approach reduce resource use and increase yield. Furthermore, the growing demand for higher value food products in terms of health and quality require traceability and information about production processes and resource use, which also correspond with the possibilities offered by precision agriculture technology. The general movement towards higher integration in food supply chains is a natural extension of the requirements for traceability and product information, which are integral parts of precision agriculture.
- Published
- 2017
29. Precision agriculture - from mapping to site-specific application
- Author
-
Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Abstract
This chapter gives an introduction to Precision Agriculture (PA) with a short historic pathway of the development and the status of current available technologies. Part of this description also provides an overview of some of the economic barriers and technical obstacles when applying variable-rate application. This chapter also notes that the adoption of several specific variable-rate application technologies have been modest in recent years. However, in contrast the adoption of auto-steering has been significant in the last decade. The last section describes the overall aim of the book and an overview of each chapter in the book. Each chapter address a different topic starting with an overview of technologies that are currently available, followed by specific Variable-Rate Technologies such as VRT fertilizer application, VRT pesticide application, site-specific irrigation management, Auto-steering and Controlled Traffic Systems. Finally, the chapter looks into new developments of autonomous systems with an example of robotic seeding, farm information management in precision agriculture and different methods on the adoption of PA. The last chapter focuses on how PA can fulfil the current policy trends on environmental regulations., This chapter gives an introduction to Precision Agriculture (PA) with a short historic pathway of the development and the status of current available technologies. Part of this description also provides an overview of some of the economic barriers and technical obstacles when applying variable-rate application. This chapter also notes that the adoption of several specific variable-rate application technologies have been modest in recent years. However, in contrast the adoption of auto-steering has been significant in the last decade. The last section describes the overall aim of the book and an overview of each chapter in the book. Each chapter address a different topic starting with an overview of technologies that are currently available, followed by specific Variable-Rate Technologies such as VRT fertilizer application, VRT pesticide application, site-specific irrigation management, Auto-steering and Controlled Traffic Systems. Finally, the chapter looks into new developments of autonomous systems with an example of robotic seeding, farm information management in precision agriculture and different methods on the adoption of PA. The last chapter focuses on how PA can fulfil the current policy trends on environmental regulations.
- Published
- 2017
30. Precision agriculture:technology and economic perspectives
- Author
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Pedersen, Søren Marcus, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Pedersen, Søren Marcus, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Published
- 2017
31. De økonomiske konsekvenser af Storbritanniens udtræden af EU for den danske landbrugs- og fødevaresektor
- Author
-
Vidø, Elsebeth, Schou, Jesper Sølver, Elleby, Christian, Yu, Wusheng, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Vidø, Elsebeth, Schou, Jesper Sølver, Elleby, Christian, Yu, Wusheng, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Published
- 2017
32. Hvor vigtigt er det danske veterinære beredskab?
- Author
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Hansen, Henning Otte, Christensen, Tove, Denver, Sigrid, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Hansen, Henning Otte, Christensen, Tove, Denver, Sigrid, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Abstract
Det veterinære beredskab omfatter aktiviteter, der forebygger udbrud og videresmitte af en række smitsomme sygdomme, samt aktiviteter knyttet til håndtering af udbrud. Hertil kommer markedsføringen af beredskabet i udlandet. De årlige forebyggende omkostninger ved det veterinære beredskab for mund- og klovesyge samt svinepest ligger på ca. 240 millioner kroner. Tilsvarende er et middelstort udbrud af mund- og klovesyge i Danmark beregnet at koste i størrelsesordenen 8 milliarder kroner, hvoraf langt den største del af omkostningerne skyldes tabte eksportindtægter. På den baggrund er det formålet at få belyst vigtigheden af det veterinære beredskab og markedsføringen heraf for henholdsvis adgang til eksportmarkeder (inden for og uden for EU), og for genetablering af markedsadgang efter et udbrud af mund- og klovesyge (MKS). Baseret på interviews m.m. med en række nøglepersoner belyses emnet. Konklusionerne er blandt andet, at det vurderes, at et forbedret dansk veterinært beredskab ikke vil give hurtigere markedsadgang eller adgang til flere markeder, men at et reduceret dansk veterinært beredskab potentielt vil kunne påvirke markedsadgang negativt. Ligeledes vurderes det, at øget markedsføring af det veterinære beredskab vil kunne give hurtigere markedsadgang og adgang til flere markeder.
- Published
- 2017
33. Analyse af det veterinære beredskabs betydning for markedsadgang for dyr og animalske produkter
- Author
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Christensen, Tove, Denver, Sigrid, Hansen, Henning Otte, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Christensen, Tove, Denver, Sigrid, Hansen, Henning Otte, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Published
- 2017
34. Melphalan 100 mg/m2 with stem cell support as first relapse treatment is safe and effective for myeloma patients with long remission after autologous stem cell transplantation
- Author
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Cecilie Blimark, Martin Hjorth, Ulf-Henrik Mellqvist, Ljupco Veskovski, Per-Ola Andersson, Mats Brune, Jan Westin, Erik Holmberg, and Stig Rödjer
- Subjects
Melphalan ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Transplantation ,Autologous stem-cell transplantation ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Internal medicine ,Toxicity ,medicine ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Stem cell ,business ,Multiple myeloma ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Introduction: Today, a number of therapeutic options are available as the patient with myeloma relapses from initial treatment with high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). For patients who experience a durable response to primary ASCT, retreatment with high-dose melphalan is recommended by many current guidelines. Yet, toxicity is an important aspect in the choice of relapse treatment, and a second ASCT in this setting could be associated with enhanced toxicity. As the goal for the treatment for relapsed myeloma should be disease control while maintaining quality of life, lower doses of melphalan might be preferable. Methods and Objectives: In this retrospective study, we account for the outcome of 66 patients with myeloma in first systemic relapse after ASCT, who were treated with intermediate-dose melphalan, 100 mg/m2, and stem cell support (MEL 100). The aim was to evaluate this treatment in relation to prior response duration after initial ASCT and with respect to response rate, toxicity and survival. Results: The overall response rate was 62%. There was limited, mostly haematological, toxicity, and no treatment–related mortality was observed. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.5 months, and the median overall survival was 24 months. Patients with time to progression of 34 months or more (n = 17; ≥75th percentile) after initial ASCT had a median PFS of 12.5 months after MEL 100. Conclusion: For patients with a long-lasting response after ASCT, MEL 100 could be a therapeutic option with low toxicity and with efficacy comparable to newer immunomodulatory drugs.
- Published
- 2011
35. Initial versus deferred melphalan-prednisone therapy for asymptomatic multiple myeloma stage I - A randomized study
- Author
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Bengt Magnusson, Jan Westin, Louise Hellquist, Erik Holmberg, Stig Rödjer, and Martin Hjorth
- Subjects
Melphalan ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,Bone disease ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Asymptomatic ,law.invention ,Surgery ,Radiation therapy ,Clinical trial ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Prednisone ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
From October 1983 until December 1988, 50 patients with asymptomatic multiple myeloma stage I were included in a prospective randomized multi-centre study comparing melphalan-prednisone (MP) therapy started at the time of diagnosis with deferred therapy where MP was started at the time of disease progression. Twenty-five patients were randomized to each group. The median time from diagnosis to start of therapy in the group with deferred therapy was 12 months. The reasons for starting therapy were increasing M-protein in 8 cases, symptomatic bone disease in 9 and anaemia in 5. In 2 cases, disease progression was complicated by vertebral fractures necessitating radiotherapy. Two patients in the group in which MP was started at the time of diagnosis developed acute leukaemia. No differences in response rate, response duration or survival were observed between the treatment groups. We conclude that in asymptomatic myeloma deferral of chemotherapy is feasible in well-informed and well-controlled patients but conveys no advantage in survival. In clinical practice the benefits of treatment deferral are to some extent outweighed by disease progression before start of treatment.
- Published
- 2009
36. Renal function in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma - A demographic study of 1353 patients
- Author
-
Jan Westin, Erik Hippe, Martin Hjorth, Erik Holmberg, and Lene Meldgaard Knudsen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Creatinine ,Hypercalcaemia ,business.industry ,Urology ,Renal function ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Urine ,urologic and male genital diseases ,medicine.disease ,Bence Jones protein ,Excretion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Stage (cooking) ,business ,Multiple myeloma - Abstract
This study describes the occurrence of renal failure among 1353 newly diagnosed cases of multiple myeloma. Renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine concentration in 1353 cases, 31% of whom had renal failure at the time of diagnosis. In 1206 cases an estimation of creatinine clearance was made. When renal failure was defined by using creatinine clearance estimation, 49% had renal failure at the time of diagnosis. Renal failure was present in 24% of patients with an M component of IgG-, 31% of IgA- and 100% of IgD-type. 52% of patients with light chain disease had renal failure. The frequency of renal failure was similar in lambda- and kappa-light chain disease. Patients with a high excretion of Bence Jones protein in the urine (> 10 g/24 h) had renal failure significantly more often than patients with lower excretion. Renal failure was related to advanced disease; 41% of patients with stage III (Durie-Salmon) disease had renal failure. Renal failure was found in 45% of patients with hypercalcaemia. When estimated creatinine clearance was used as a predictor of renal function, the same trends were found as mentioned above. In addition, the proportion of patients with renal failure was found to increase with advancing age.
- Published
- 2009
37. Serum calcium is an independent predictor of quality of life in multiple myeloma
- Author
-
Stig Lenhoff, Finn Wisløff, Ann Kristin Kvam, and Martin Hjorth
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hypercalcaemia ,Bone disease ,Nausea ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Calcium ,Gastroenterology ,Sex Factors ,Quality of life ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Multiple myeloma ,Aged ,Neoplasm Staging ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Hypercalcemia ,Linear Models ,Quality of Life ,Vomiting ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Multiple Myeloma ,Complication ,business - Abstract
Bone disease is an important feature of multiple myeloma, and hypercalcaemia is a frequent complication of this disease. We examined the association between serum calcium and quality of life (QOL) scores of 686 multiple myeloma patients at the time of diagnosis. Data from two Nordic studies using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire were analysed by means of linear regression analysis and a curve fitting program. Serum calcium was independently related to appetite loss, nausea/vomiting and physical functioning (P < 0.001) and to cognitive functioning (P = 0.001), i.e. scores reflecting symptoms that are well known in non-malignant hypercalcaemia. In addition, we found a highly significant independent relationship between serum calcium and the scores for fatigue and pain (P < 0.001). Serum calcium appeared to be as strong a predictor for fatigue as the concentration of haemoglobin. A cubic model (y = a + bx3) fitted the data slightly better than the simple linear model (y = a + bx) and suggested worsening QOL scores at levels of serum calcium above 2.5-3.0 mmol/L. Hypercalcaemia in patients with multiple myeloma seems to be associated with the same symptoms as in non-malignant hypercalcaemia. In addition, an increased level of serum calcium may aggravate the pain and fatigue caused by the skeletal disease itself.
- Published
- 2007
38. State-of-the-Art Within Ship Weather Routing
- Author
-
Erik Larsson, Wengang Mao, Martin Hjorth Simonsen, and Jonas W. Ringsberg
- Subjects
Engineering ,Focus (computing) ,Service (systems architecture) ,Measure (data warehouse) ,Software ,Time of arrival ,Operations research ,business.industry ,State (computer science) ,Routing (electronic design automation) ,business ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
Increased fuel prices and public awareness of environment impacts from shipping have attracted large efforts in maritime sector to increase its energy efficiency as a factor of competitiveness. Weather routing has become a recognized measure, which can partly help to achieve the targets as well as enhancing safety. A routing system requires a reliable optimization algorithm to consider a ship’s operational costs, expected time of arrival, and cargo safety etc. simultaneously. Hence, the service provided by a weather routing system is highly dependent on a properly selected optimization algorithm and associated input parameters. In this paper the concept of weather routing is broken down into many elements for further analysis. Focus is given to algorithms, constraints and weather forecasts used in the optimized routing plan. Two different aspects of state-of-the-art have been considered. The first is a study of software already in use and the second is a study of methods investigated in the research community. Furthermore, this paper also provides examples of development trends, for example the fatigue based routing, and the risk based routing, as well as its integration with onboard monitoring systems for more reliable weather and ship specific response information.
- Published
- 2015
39. Quality of life may be affected more by disease parameters and response to therapy than by haemoglobin changes
- Author
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Martin Hjorth, Peter Fayers, Stig Lenhoff, Finn Wisløff, and Nina Gulbrandsen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,Anemia ,Placebo-controlled study ,Disease ,Hemoglobins ,Quality of life ,Neoplasms ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Erythropoietin ,Fatigue ,Multiple myeloma ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Norway ,business.industry ,Confounding ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,humanities ,Treatment Outcome ,Physical Endurance ,Quality of Life ,Physical therapy ,Regression Analysis ,Female ,Bone Diseases ,Multiple Myeloma ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Earlier studies showing a negative impact of anaemia on quality of life (QOL) lack adequate adjustment for confounding factors such as disease stage and tumour response. We examined the impact of haemoglobin concentration on QOL scores of 745 multiple myeloma patients followed from diagnosis, adjusting for objective disease parameters. Data from two Nordic studies with the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire were analysed using linear regression analysis. Haemoglobin was independently related only to fatigue at baseline (P = 0.001) and at 12 months (P = 0.010). In multivariate analysis, extent of skeletal disease was at least as strong a predictor for fatigue at diagnosis as haemoglobin and was also related to other important QOL scores such as physical functioning, role functioning, global QOL and pain (P < 0.001). At 12 months' follow-up, response to therapy was related to physical functioning (P < 0.001) and pain (P = 0.001). In conclusion, haemoglobin and extent of skeletal disease were both predictors for fatigue in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, but extent of skeletal disease was also associated with other important QOL scores. During follow-up, response to therapy emerged as an important predictor variable. When examining the effect of haemoglobin on QOL, it is essential to adjust for disease parameters and response to therapy in order not to overestimate the impact of haemoglobin on QOL. Our findings imply that uncontrolled studies on the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) in cancer patients may be making exaggerated claims for the effect of EPO on QOL.
- Published
- 2005
40. Hvor mange mennesker kan dansk landbrugs fødevareproduktion brødføde?
- Author
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Schou, Jesper Sølver, Elleby, Christian, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Schou, Jesper Sølver, Elleby, Christian, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Published
- 2016
41. Landbrugsbarometer 2015: Dansk landbrugs konkurrenceevne:grundlag, definition og udvikling
- Author
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Asmild, Mette, Zobbe, Henrik, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, Asmild, Mette, Zobbe, Henrik, and Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth
- Published
- 2016
42. Early response predicts thalidomide efficiency in patients with advanced multiple myeloma*
- Author
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Johan Lanng Nielsen, Nina Gulbrandsen, Anders Waage, Peter Gimsing, Jan Westin, Ingemar Turesson, S Lenhoff, Gunnar Juliusson, Finn Wisløff, Tommy Eriksson, and Martin Hjorth
- Subjects
Melphalan ,Volume of distribution ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Renal function ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Surgery ,Thalidomide ,Pharmacokinetics ,Prednisone ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,business ,Multiple myeloma ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Sixty-five patients who were primary or secondary refractory to melphalan/prednisone or other type of chemotherapy, or relapsed within 6 months after high dose chemotherapy with stem cell support, were given thalidomide at a dose of 200 mg/d escalating to 800 mg. The patients were followed for a median of 2 years and 22 weeks. Response was evaluated according to M-protein reduction combined with improvement of haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, renal function and pain. Altogether, 14% of patients had a minor response, 14% partial response and 6% complete response. Median survival was 12 months and 29% were alive at last contact. Decline of M protein started early and a minimum 25% reduction of M protein was detected in 14 of 20 responders (70%) after 3 weeks, and in 20 of 22 responders (91%) after 5 weeks of treatment. Reduction of M protein continued for 3 months and further decline was observed in only four patients. The Hb concentration showed a different time course, with a significant increase after 3 months and further increases continued for up to 12 months. Blood concentration levels of thalidomide from 40 patients were used to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of the drug. Rate of absorption, rate of elimination, volume of distribution, clearance and elimination half-life were calculated to be 0.200/h, 0.140/h, 0.886 l/kg, 0.126 l/h/kg and 4.98 h respectively. We found no relationship between thalidomide concentration and effect after 12 weeks.
- Published
- 2004
43. A validated decision model for treating the anaemia of myelodysplastic syndromes with erythropoietin + granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: significant effects on quality of life
- Author
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Anja Porwit-MacDonald, Gunnar Grimfors, Jan Samuelsson, Inger Marie S. Dahl, Olle Linder, Michaela Luthman, Ingemar Winquist, Eva Hellström-Lindberg, Greger Lindberg, Anders Rådlund, Eva Hesse-Sundin, Martin Hjorth, Finn Wisløff, Nina Gulbrandsen, Gunnar Öberg, Tomas Ahlgren, Jon Magnus Tangen, Ingunn Dybedal, Eva Löfvenberg, and Lena Kanter-Lewensohn
- Subjects
Response rate (survey) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Anemia ,business.industry ,Myelodysplastic syndromes ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ,Surgery ,Quality of life ,Erythropoietin ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We have published previously a prototype of a decision model for anaemic patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), in which transfusion need and serum erythropoietin (S-Epo) were used to define three groups with different probabilities of erythroid response to treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) + Epo. S-Epo 500 U/l and >/= 2 units/month for a poor response, whereas the presence of only one negative prognostic marker predicted an intermediate response. A total of 53 patients from a prospective study were included in our evaluation sample. Patients with good or intermediate probability of response were treated with G-CSF + Epo. The overall response rate was 42% with 28.3% achieving a complete and 13.2% a partial response to treatment. The response rates were 61% and 14% in the good and intermediate predictive groups respectively. The model retained a significant predictive value in the evaluation sample (P < 0.001). Median duration of response was 23 months. Scores for global health and quality of life (QOL) were significantly lower in MDS patients than in a reference population, and fatigue and dyspnoea was significantly more prominent. Global QOL improved in patients responding to treatment (P = 0.01). The validated decision model defined a subgroup of patients with a response rate of 61% (95% confidence interval 48-74%) to treatment with G-CSF + Epo. The majority of these patients have shown complete and durable responses.
- Published
- 2003
44. Serologic Study of an Outbreak of Legionnaires' Disease: Variation of Sensitivity Associated with the Subgroup of Legionella pneumophila sg1 Antigen Used and Evidence of Concurrent Reactivity to Other Atypical Pneumonia Agents
- Author
-
Berndt E. B. Claesson, Eva Hjelm, Sverker Bernander, Martin Hjorth, and Nils Svensson
- Subjects
Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,biology ,Legionella ,Bacterial pneumonia ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Legionella pneumophila ,respiratory tract diseases ,Microbiology ,Chlamydophila pneumoniae ,Atypical pneumonia ,medicine ,Legionnaires' disease ,Bacterial antigen - Abstract
An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease (LD) occurred in August 2004 in Sweden in the town of Lidkoping, by Lake Vanern. Two genotypes of Legionella pneumophila serogroup (sg) 1 were found by culture in patient samples, and one belonging to subgroup Benidorm (genotype A) and the other to subgroup Bellingham (genotype B). The indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) is still a standard method for antibody assay in patients with legionellosis, allowing for the screening of antibodies against several species and subtypes of Legionella. A serological study was therefore undertaken to assess the impact of the legionella outbreak on all pneumonia cases that occurred in the town. Patient samples were also tested for antibodies against other atypical pneumonia agents, i.e. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae. Local experience in the laboratory using more than one subgroup of antigen had been shown earlier to increase sensitivity. Optimal sensitivity of immunofluorescent antibody tests in serological diagnosis of L. pneumphila sg 1 infections requires the use of an antigen subgroup that is in agreement with the antigenic setup of the epidemic strain.
- Published
- 2014
45. Den danske vareeksport til Rusland - betydning for indkomst og beskæftigelse
- Author
-
Jacobsen, Lars Bo, Lind, Kim Martin Hjorth, and Zobbe, Henrik
- Published
- 2014
46. Abstract for NORDKOMM (7) What constitutes an organizational crisis, and how is it perceived by members of an organization?
- Author
-
Jacobsen, Johan Martin Hjorth
- Subjects
Crisis Communication ,Perception ,Organization - Published
- 2014
47. Abstract for ECREA 2014: Expecting crisis versus crisis expectations:a study of the role of expectations in crisis situations
- Author
-
Jacobsen, Johan Martin Hjorth and Simonsen, Daniel M
- Published
- 2014
48. Cost-utility analysis of high-dose melphalan with autologous blood stem cell support vs. melphalan plus prednisone in patients younger than 60 years with multiple myeloma
- Author
-
Jan Westin, Nina Gulbrandsen, Martin Hjorth, Erik Nord, Finn Wisløff, and Stig Lenhoff
- Subjects
Melphalan ,Oncology ,Chemotherapy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Transplantation ,Prednisone ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Prospective cohort study ,business ,Survival rate ,Multiple myeloma ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We evaluated the costs and the cost utility of high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell support followed by interferon maintenance relative to conventional treatment with melphalan and prednisone, in patients less than 60 yr of age with multiple myeloma. From March 1994 to July 1997, 274 patients with newly diagnosed, symptomatic multiple myeloma were enrolled in a prospective, non-randomized, population-based, multicenter study to evaluate the treatment with high-dose melphalan and autologous blood stem cell support. Health-related quality-of-life was measured prior to treatment and during follow-up, using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Resource consumption was also recorded prospectively. The intensive treatment yielded a significant increase in median survival time from 44 to 62 months compared to conventionally treated patients. The corresponding gain in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) was found to be 1.2. Cost per QALY gained by the treatment with high-dose melphalan and autologous blood stem cell support was estimated at NOK 249,000 (USD 27,000).
- Published
- 2001
49. Health-Related Quality of Life in Multiple Myeloma Patients Receiving High-Dose Chemotherapy with Autologous Blood Stem-Cell Support
- Author
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Stig Lenhoff, Erik Hippe, Martin Hjorth, Inger Marie S. Dahl, I. Nesthus, Lene Meldgaard Knudsen, Nina Gulbrandsen, Kristina Carlson, Lorentz Brinch, Ingemar Turesson, Finn Wisløff, Eva Löfvenberg, Peter Gimsing, Jan Westin, Jon Lamvik, and Johan Lanng Nielsen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Sleep Wake Disorders ,Melphalan ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health Status ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Appetite ,Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ,Quality of life ,Internal medicine ,Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ,Humans ,Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Social Behavior ,education ,Prospective cohort study ,Multiple myeloma ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ,Social Support ,Induction chemotherapy ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,humanities ,Surgery ,Oncology ,Relative risk ,Quality of Life ,Female ,Multiple Myeloma ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
In a population-based study, the Nordic Myeloma Study Group found a survival advantage for high-dose melphalan with autologous blood stem-cell support compared to conventional chemotherapy in myeloma patients under 60 yr of age (risk ratio: 1.62; confidence interval [CI] 1.22-2.15; p = 0.001). A study of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was integrated in the trial, using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Of the 274 patients receiving intensive therapy 221 (81%) were compared to 113 (94%) of 120 patients receiving conventional melphalan-prednisone treatment. Prior to treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in any HRQoL score between the two groups. One month after the start of induction chemotherapy, the patients on intensive treatment had more sleep disturbance than the control patients. At 6 mo, corresponding to a mean of 52 d after high-dose melphalan, the patients on intensive treatment had moderately lower scores for global QoL and role and social functioning and there was also a significantly higher score for appetite loss. At 12 and 24 mo, the HRQoL was similar to that of the control patients. At 36 mo, there was a trend toward less fatigue, pain, nausea, and appetite loss in the intensive-treatment group. Thus, the 18 mo of prolonged survival seem to be associated with a good health-related quality of life. Despite the moderate HRQoL reduction associated with the early intensive chemotherapy phase, this treatment modality must be regarded as an important step forward in the care of multiple myeloma.
- Published
- 2001
50. Renal failure in multiple myeloma: reversibility and impact on the prognosis
- Author
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Martin Hjorth, Lene Meldgaard Knudsen, and Erik Hippe
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,Hypercalcaemia ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Urology ,Hematology ,General Medicine ,urologic and male genital diseases ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,medicine ,Plasmapheresis ,business ,Myeloma cast nephropathy ,Survival rate ,Dialysis ,Multiple myeloma ,Kidney disease - Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to analyse the importance and prognostic value of renal failure in multiple myeloma patients. The frequency and reversibility of renal failure in 775 multiple myeloma patients diagnosed between 1984-86 and 1990-92 in the Nordic countries were studied. Renal failure, defined as plasma creatinine > 130 micromol/l, was observed in 29% of the cases at the time of diagnosis. During the first year after diagnosis 58% achieved normalisation of p-creatinine, and this was achieved mainly during the first 3 months. Reversibility of renal failure was more frequently observed in patients with moderate renal failure, hypercalcaemia and low Bence-Jones protein excretion. In a multivariate analysis renal failure, high age, stage III disease and hypercalcaemia were independent prognostic factors for survival. Patients who needed dialysis had a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 3.5 months. A 12-months landmark analysis showed that reversibility of renal failure was a more important prognostic factor than response to chemotherapy. It is concluded that renal failure in multiple myeloma is reversible in about half the cases, and reversibility of renal failure improves long-term survival.
- Published
- 2000
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