Search

Your search keyword '"Martin, Fernando"' showing total 1,385 results
Start Over Author "Martin, Fernando"
1,385 results on '"Martin, Fernando"'

1. Attosecond Coherent Electron Motion in a Photoionized Aromatic Molecule

Author

Driver, Taran, Guo, Zhaoheng, Isele, Erik, Grell, Gilbert, Ruberti, Marco, ONeal, Jordan T., Alexander, Oliver, Beauvarlet, Sandra, Cesar, David, Duris, Joseph, Garratt, Douglas, Larsen, Kirk A., Li, Siqi, Kolorenč, Přemysl, McCracken, Gregory A., Tuthill, Daniel, Wang, Zifan, Berrah, Nora, Bostedt, Christoph, Borne, Kurtis, Cheng, Xinxin, DiMauro, Louis F., Doumy, Gilles, Franz, Paris L., Kamalov, Andrei, Li, Xiang, Lin, Ming-Fu, Obaid, Razib, Picón, Antonio, Robles, River R., Rolles, Daniel, Rudenko, Artem, Shaikh, Moniruzzaman, Slaughter, Daniel S., Sudar, Nicholas S., Thierstein, Emily, Ueda, Kiyoshi, Wang, Enliang, Wang, Anna L., Weber, Thorsten, Wolf, Thomas J. A., Young, Linda, Zhang, Zhen, Averbukh, Vitali, Gessner, Oliver, Bucksbaum, Philip H., Kling, Matthias F., Palacios, Alicia, Martín, Fernando, Marangos, Jon P., Walter, Peter, Marinelli, Agostino, and Cryan, James P.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

In molecular systems, the ultrafast motion of electrons initiates the process of chemical change. Tracking this electronic motion across molecules requires coupling attosecond time resolution to atomic-scale spatial sensitivity. In this work, we employ a pair of attosecond x-ray pulses from an x-ray free-electron laser to follow electron motion resulting from the sudden removal of an electron from a prototypical aromatic system, para-aminophenol. X-ray absorption enables tracking this motion with atomic-site specificity. Our measurements are compared with state-of-the-art computational modeling, reproducing the observed response across multiple timescales. Sub-femtosecond dynamics are assigned to states undergoing non-radiative decay, while few-femtosecond oscillatory motion is associated with electronic wavepacket motion in stable cation states, that will eventually couple to nuclear motion. Our work provides insight on the ultrafast charge motion preceding and initiating chemical transformations in moderately complex systems, and provides a powerful benchmark for computational models of ultrafast charge motion in matter.

Published
2024

2. The influence of final state interactions in attosecond photoelectron interferometry

Author

Luo, Sizuo, Weissenbilder, Robin, Laurell, Hugo, Bello, Roger Y., Marante, Carlos, Ammitzböll, Mattias, Neoričić, Lana, Ljungdahl, Anton, Squibb, Richard J., Feifel, Raimund, Gisselbrecht, Mathieu, Arnold, Cord L., Martín, Fernando, Lindroth, Eva, Argenti, Luca, Busto, David, and L'Huillier, Anne

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Fano resonances are ubiquitous phenomena appearing in many fields of physics, e.g. atomic or molecular photoionization, or electron transport in quantum dots. Recently, attosecond interferometric techniques have been used to measure the amplitude and phase of photoelectron wavepackets close to Fano resonances in argon and helium, allowing for the retrieval of the temporal dynamics of the photoionization process. In this work, we study the photoionization of argon atoms close to the $3s^13p^64p$ autoionizing state using an interferometric technique with high spectral resolution. The phase shows a monotonic $2{\pi}$ increase across the resonance or a sigmo\"idal less than ${\pi}$ variation depending on experimental conditions, e.g. the probe laser bandwidth. Using three different, state-of-the-art calculations, we show that the measured phase is influenced by the interaction between final states reached by two-photon transitions.

Published
2024

3. Electron delocalization in a 2D Mott insulator

Author

Ayani, Cosme G., Pisarra, Michele, Ibarburu, Iván M., Rebanal, Clara, Garnica, Manuela, Calleja, Fabián, Martín, Fernando, and de Parga, Amadeo L. Vázquez

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The prominent role of electron-electron interactions in two-dimensional (2D) materials versus three-dimensional (3D) ones is at the origin of the great variety of fermionic correlated states reported in the literature. In this respect, artificial van der Waals heterostructures comprising single layers of highly correlated insulators allow one to explore the effect of the subtle interlayer interaction in the way electrons correlate. In this work, we study the temperature dependence of the electronic properties of a van der Waals heterostructure composed of a single-layer Mott insulator lying on a metallic substrate by performing quasi-particle interference (QPI) maps. We show the emergence of a Fermi contour in the 2D Mott insulator at temperatures below 11K, which we attribute to the delocalization of the Mott electrons associated with the formation of a quantum coherent Kondo lattice. This Kondo lattice introduces a new periodicity in the system, so that the resulting Fermi surface encompasses both the substrate conduction electrons and the now delocalized correlated electrons from the 2D Mott insulator. Density Functional Theory calculations allow us to pinpoint the scattering vectors responsible for the experimentally observed quasi-particle interference maps, thus providing a complete picture of the delocalization of highly correlated electrons in a 2D Mott insulator., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

4. Selective Excitation of Vibrations in a Single Molecule

Author

Luo, Yang, Sheng, Shaoxiang, Pisarra, Michele, Jimenez, Alberto Martin, Martin, Fernando, Kern, Klaus, and Garg, Manish

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

The capability to excite, probe, and manipulate vibrational modes is essential for understanding and controlling chemical reactions at the molecular level. Recent advancements in tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopies have enabled the probing of vibrational fingerprints in a single molecule with Angstrom-scale spatial resolution. However, achieving controllable excitation of specific vibrational modes in individual molecules remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the selective excitation and probing of vibrational modes in single deprotonated phthalocyanine molecules utilizing resonance Raman spectroscopy in a scanning tunneling microscope. Selective excitation is achieved by finely tuning the excitation wavelength of the laser to be resonant with the vibronic transitions between the molecular ground electronic state and the vibrational levels in the excited electronic state, resulting in the state-selective enhancement of the resonance Raman signal. Our approach sets the stage for steering chemical transformations in molecules on surfaces by selective excitation of molecular vibrations.

Published
2024

5. Neutralizing IFN-γ autoantibodies are rare and pathogenic in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 individuals.

Author

Peel, Jessica, Yang, Rui, Le Voyer, Tom, Gervais, Adrian, Rosain, Jérémie, Bastard, Paul, Behere, Anish, Cederholm, Axel, Bodansky, Aaron, Seeleuthner, Yoann, Conil, Clément, Ding, Jing-Ya, Lei, Wei-Te, Bizien, Lucy, Soudee, Camille, Migaud, Mélanie, Ogishi, Masato, Yatim, Ahmad, Lee, Danyel, Bohlen, Jonathan, Perpoint, Thomas, Perez, Laura, Messina, Fernando, Genet, Roxana, Karkowski, Ludovic, Blot, Mathieu, Lafont, Emmanuel, Toullec, Laurie, Goulvestre, Claire, Mehlal-Sedkaoui, Souad, Sallette, Jérôme, Martin, Fernando, Puel, Anne, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, Anderson, Mark, Landegren, Nils, Tiberghien, Pierre, Abel, Laurent, Boisson-Dupuis, Stéphanie, Bustamante, Jacinta, Ku, Cheng-Lung, and Casanova, Jean-Laurent

Subjects
Autoimmune diseases, Cytokines, Genetics, Immunology, Adult, Humans, Autoantibodies, Autoimmune Diseases, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, HLA-DRB1 Chains, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous
Abstract

BACKGROUNDWeakly virulent environmental mycobacteria (EM) can cause severe disease in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 adults harboring neutralizing anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (nAIGAs). The overall prevalence of nAIGAs in the general population is unknown, as are the penetrance of nAIGAs in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 individuals and the proportion of patients with unexplained, adult-onset EM infections carrying nAIGAs.METHODSThis study analyzed the detection and neutralization of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (auto-Abs) from 8,430 healthy individuals of the general population, 257 HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 carriers, 1,063 patients with autoimmune disease, and 497 patients with unexplained severe disease due to EM.RESULTSWe found that anti-IFN-γ auto-Abs detected in 4,148 of 8,430 healthy individuals (49.2%) from the general population of an unknown HLA-DRB1 genotype were not neutralizing. Moreover, we did not find nAIGAs in 257 individuals carrying HLA-DRB1* 15:02 or 16:02. Additionally, nAIGAs were absent in 1,063 patients with an autoimmune disease. Finally, 7 of 497 patients (1.4%) with unexplained severe disease due to EM harbored nAIGAs.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that nAIGAs are isolated and that their penetrance in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 individuals is low, implying that they may be triggered by rare germline or somatic variants. In contrast, the risk of mycobacterial disease in patients with nAIGAs is high, confirming that these nAIGAs are the cause of EM disease.FUNDINGThe Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases is supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Rockefeller University, the St. Giles Foundation, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R01AI095983 and U19AIN1625568), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), the NIH Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program (UL1 TR001866), the French National Research Agency (ANR) under the Investments for the Future program (ANR-10-IAHU-01), the Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), ANR-GENMSMD (ANR-16-CE17-0005-01), ANR-MAFMACRO (ANR-22-CE92-0008), ANRSECTZ170784, the French Foundation for Medical Research (FRM) (EQU201903007798), the ANRS-COV05, ANR GENVIR (ANR-20-CE93-003), and ANR AI2D (ANR-22-CE15-0046) projects, the ANR-RHU program (ANR-21-RHUS-08-COVIFERON), the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 824110 (EASI-genomics), the Square Foundation, Grandir - Fonds de solidarité pour lenfance, the Fondation du Souffle, the SCOR Corporate Foundation for Science, the Battersea & Bowery Advisory Group, William E. Ford, General Atlantics Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Gabriel Caillaux, General Atlantics Co-President, Managing Director, and Head of business in EMEA, and the General Atlantic Foundation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and of Paris Cité University. JR was supported by the INSERM PhD program for doctors of pharmacy (poste daccueil INSERM). JR and TLV were supported by the Bettencourt-Schueller Foundation and the MD-PhD program of the Imagine Institute. MO was supported by the David Rockefeller Graduate Program, the Funai Foundation for Information Technology (FFIT), the Honjo International Scholarship Foundation (HISF), and the New York Hideyo Noguchi Memorial Society (HNMS).

Published
2024

6. Exciton migration in two-dimensional materials

Author

Malakhov, Mikhail, Cistaro, Giovanni, Martín, Fernando, and Picón, Antonio

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Excitons play an essential role in the optical response of two-dimensional materials. These are bound states showing up in the band gaps of many-body systems and are conceived as quasiparticles formed by an electron and a hole. By performing real-time simulations in hBN, we show that an ultrashort (few-fs) UV pulse can produce a coherent superposition of excitonic states that induces an oscillatory motion of electrons and holes between different valleys in reciprocal space, leading to a sizeable exciton migration in real space. We also show that an ultrafast spectroscopy scheme based on the absorption of an attosecond pulse in combination with the UV pulse can be used to read out the laser-induced coherences, hence to extract the characteristic time for exciton migration. This work opens the door towards ultrafast electronics and valleytronics adding time as a control knob and exploiting electron coherence at the early times of excitation.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Time-resolved imaging of an elusive molecular reaction: hydrogen roaming in acetonitrile

Author

Mishra, Debadarshini, LaForge, Aaron C., Gorman, Lauren M., Díaz-Tendero, Sergio, Martín, Fernando, and Berrah, Nora

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters
Abstract

Roaming has been proposed as a possible mechanism contributing to molecular dissociation in which the fragments can move around one another at relatively large intermolecular distances before separating entirely. While roaming, there is sufficient time for other processes to occur, which can lead to the formation of new molecular compounds. Due to the neutral character of the roaming fragments, they follow a rather indeterminate trajectory, thus complicating their identification and systematic study. Here, we temporally resolve the roaming of $H_2$ from ionized acetonitrile, $CH_3CN$. Using intense, femtosecond IR radiation combined with coincident Coulomb explosion imaging, we can directly reconstruct the momentum of the roaming $H_2$, thereby gaining an unambiguous, experimental signature of roaming as well as a kinematically complete picture of the underlying molecular dynamics. Afterward, a portion of the neutral $H_2$ molecules forms $H_3^+$ ions, an important cation in astrophysics, through proton transfer within a few hundred femtoseconds. With the aid of quantum chemistry calculations, we can fully determine how this unique dissociative process occurs.

Published
2023

8. Estrategias de transformación digital en entornos gubernamentales

Author

Leonidas Manuel Bravo Rojas, Jose Luis Arenas Ñiquin, Fredy Eduardo Castillo Luque, and Martin Fernando Diaz García

Subjects
digital transformation, government, digital strategies, Commerce, HF1-6182, Business, HF5001-6182
Abstract

La implementación efectiva de estrategias de transformación digital en el sector público es un desafío complejo debido a la necesidad de abordar múltiples dimensiones tecnológicas, organizativas y culturales, así como a la diversidad de contextos gubernamentales. La transformación digital en el sector público es crucial para mejorar la eficiencia, la transparencia y la participación ciudadana en la prestación de servicios gubernamentales. Sin embargo, la falta de comprensión de las mejores prácticas en la implementación de estas estrategias puede obstaculizar su éxito y limitar su impacto. Este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar la percepción sobre las mejores prácticas en la implementación de estrategias de transformación digital en el sector público, con el fin de identificar lecciones aprendidas y recomendaciones para mejorar las iniciativas futuras. Se identificaron prácticas clave: una visión clara y una dirección estratégica sólida, un enfoque integral que aborda múltiples dimensiones de la transformación digital, y la promoción de la participación ciudadana y la transparencia en el proceso. Estos hallazgos proporcionan información valiosa para orientar futuras iniciativas de transformación digital y mejorar la eficacia y la sostenibilidad de los esfuerzos de modernización gubernamental.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Imaging and Controlling Coherent Phonon Wave Packets in Single Graphene Nanoribbons

Author

Luo, Yang, Martin-Jimenez, Alberto, Pisarra, Michele, Martin, Fernando, Garg, Manish, and Kern, Klaus

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

The motion of atoms is at the heart of any chemical or structural transformation in molecules and materials. Upon activation of this motion by an external source, several (usually many) vibrational modes can be coherently coupled, thus facilitating the chemical or structural phase transformation. These coherent dynamics occur on the ultrafast time scale, as revealed, e.g., by nonlocal ultrafast vibrational spectroscopic measurements in bulk molecular ensembles and solids. Tracking and controlling vibrational coherences locally at the atomic and molecular scales is, however, much more challenging and in fact has remained elusive so far. Here, we demonstrate that the vibrational coherences induced by broadband laser pulses on a single graphene nanoribbon (GNR) can be probed by femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) when performed in a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM). In addition to determining dephasing (~ 440 fs) and population decay times (~1.8 ps) of the generated phonon wave packets, we are able to track and control the corresponding quantum coherences, which we show to evolve on time scales as short as ~ 70 fs. We demonstrate that a two-dimensional frequency correlation spectrum unequivocally reveals the quantum couplings between different phonon modes in the GNR., Comment: 18 pages

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. A theoretical approach for electron dynamics and ultrafast spectroscopy

Author

Cistaro, Giovanni, Malakhov, Mikhail, Esteve-Paredes, Juan José, Uría-Álvarez, Alejandro José, Silva, Rui E. F., Martín, Fernando, Palacios, Juan José, and Picón, Antonio

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

In this manuscript we present a theoretical framework and its numerical implementation to simulate the out-of-equilibrium electron dynamics induced by the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses in condensed-matter systems. Our approach is based on evolving in real-time the density matrix of the system in reciprocal space. It considers excitonic and non-perturbative light-matter interactions. We show some relevant examples that illustrate the efficiency and flexibility of the approach to describe realistic ultrafast spectroscopy experiments. Our approach is suitable for modeling the promising and emerging ultrafast studies at the attosecond time scale that aim at capturing the electron dynamics and the dynamical electron-electron correlations via X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Probing the phase transition to a coherent 2D Kondo lattice

Author

Ayani, Cosme G., Pisarra, Michele, Ibarburu, Iván M., Garnica, Manuela, Miranda, Rodolfo, Calleja, Fabián, Martín, Fernando, and de Parga, Amadeo L. Vázquez

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Strongly correlated materials exhibit exotic electronic states arising from the strong correlation between electrons. Dimensionality provides a tuning knob because thinning down to atomic thickness reduces screening effects and enhances electron correlations. In this work, a 2D Kondo lattice has been created by stacking a layer of 1T-TaS2 on a 2H-TaS2 crystal, which are bound by weak van der Waals interactions. By using high-resolution scanning tunnelling spectroscopy and density functional theory, we unambiguously demonstrate the formation of a 2D Kondo lattice from an ensemble of independent Kondo impurities present at higher temperatures. The possibility to create 2D Kondo lattices in van der Waals heterostructures paves the way for the exploration of unconventional metallic, magnetic and superconducting states not present in more standard correlated materials.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Probing electronic decoherence with high-resolution attosecond photoelectron interferometry

Author

Busto, David, Laurell, Hugo, Shapiro, Daniel Finkelstein, Alexandridi, Christina, Isinger, Marcus, Nandi, Saikat, Squibb, Richard, Turconi, Margherita, Zhong, Shiyang, Arnold, Cord, Feifel, Raimund, Gisselbrecht, Mathieu, Salières, Pascal, Pullerits, Tönu, Martín, Fernando, Argenti, Luca, and L'Huillier, Anne

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Quantum coherence plays a fundamental role in the study and control of ultrafast dynamics in matter. In the case of photoionization, entanglement of the photoelectron with the ion is a well known source of decoherence when only one of the particles is measured. Here we investigate decoherence due to entanglement of the radial and angular degrees of freedom of the photoelectron. We study two-photon ionization via the 2s2p autoionizing state in He using high spectral resolution photoelectron interferometry. Combining experiment and theory, we show that the strong dipole coupling of the 2s2p and 2p$^2$ states results in the entanglement of the angular and radial degrees of freedom. This translates, in angle integrated measurements, into a dynamic loss of coherence during autoionization.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Clinical and epidemiologic characterization of non-infectious uveitis in a university hospital in Paraguay

Author

Abel Esteban Figueredo Rojas, Guillermo Raul Vera-Duarte, Claudia Leticia Delgado-Herrera, Martin Fernando Arrúa Caballero, and Luis González Sanabria

Subjects
Uveitis, Non-infectiuos uveitis, clinical characterization, epidemiology, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with noninfectious uveitis at a university hospital in Paraguay. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed. Consecutive patients who attended the Ophthalmology Service of the Hospital de Clínicas from January 2020 to October 2021 and who were diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis were included. The variables studied were sex, age, origin, reason for consultation, anatomical classification, clinical course, systemic and ocular associations, and bilaterality. Results: A total of 78 medical records of patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. Of the patients, 66.7% were female and 42 (53.8%) were from the Central Department. The anterior anatomical location of uveitis was the most frequent (53.9%), followed in decreasing order by panuveitis, posterior uveitis, and intermediate uveitis. Regarding anterior uveitis, 24 patients (57.1%) had unilateral uveitis, 40 (95.2%) were non-granulomatous, 19 (45.2%) presented an acute clinical course, the most frequent reason for consultation was "red and painful eye" with 15 patients (35.7%), the most frequent systemic association was HLA- B27+ in 16 patients (38.1%). As for panuveitis, 13 patients (50%) were associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, and of the latter, two patients were related to rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusion: The clinical and epidemiological patterns observed in this study were largely consistent with those reported in the literature. Notably, the most frequent associations differed from those reported in the literature: HLA-B27+ for anterior uveitis, rheumatoid arthritis for posterior uveitis, and a significant percentage of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome among panuveitis cases.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Neutralizing IFN-[gamma] autoantibodies are rare and pathogenic in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 individuals

Author

Peel, Jessica N., Yang, Rui, Le Voyer, Tom, Gervais, Adrian, Rosain, Jeremie, Bastard, Paul, Behere, Anish, Cederholm, Axel, Bodansky, Aaron, Seeleuthner, Yoann, Conil, Clement, Ding, Jing-Ya, Lei, Wei-Te, Bizien, Lucy, Soudee, Camille, Migaud, Melanie, Ogishi, Masato, Yatim, Ahmad, Lee, Danyel, Bohlen, Jonathan, Perpoint, Thomas, Perez, Laura, Messina, Fernando, Genet, Roxana, Karkowski, Ludovic, Blot, Mathieu, Lafont, Emmanuel, Toullec, Laurie, Goulvestre, Claire, Mehlal-Sedkaoui, Souad, Sallette, Jerome, Martin, Fernando, Puel, Anne, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, Anderson, Mark S., Landegren, Nils, Tiberghien, Pierre, Abel, Laurent, Boisson-Dupuis, Stephanie, Bustamante, Jacinta, Ku, Cheng-Lung, and Casanova, Jean-Laurent

Subjects
France. National Research Agency -- Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Medical research -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Medicine, Experimental -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Scientific equipment and supplies industry -- Health aspects -- Analysis, BCG vaccines -- Analysis -- Health aspects, HLA histocompatibility antigens -- Analysis -- Health aspects, BCG -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Autoimmunity -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Autoantibodies -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Bacterial infections -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Infection -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Histocompatibility antigens -- Analysis -- Health aspects, Health care industry, Rockefeller University
Abstract

BACKGROUND. Weakly virulent environmental mycobacteria (EM) can cause severe disease in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 adults harboring neutralizing anti-IFN-[gamma] autoantibodies (nAIGAs). The overall prevalence of nAIGAs in the general population is unknown, as are the penetrance of nAIGAs in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 individuals and the proportion of patients with unexplained, adult-onset EM infections carrying nAIGAs. METHODS. This study analyzed the detection and neutralization of anti-IFN-[gamma] autoantibodies (auto-Abs) from 8,430 healthy individuals of the general population, 257 HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 carriers, 1,063 patients with autoimmune disease, and 497 patients with unexplained severe disease due to EM. RESULTS. We found that anti-IFN-[gamma] auto-Abs detected in 4,148 of 8,430 healthy individuals (49.2%) from the general population of an unknown HLA-DRB1 genotype were not neutralizing. Moreover, we did not find nAIGAs in 257 individuals carrying HLA-DRB1* 15:02 or 16:02. Additionally, nAIGAs were absent in 1,063 patients with an autoimmune disease. Finally, 7 of 497 patients (1.4%) with unexplained severe disease due to EM harbored nAIGAs. CONCLUSION. These findings suggest that nAIGAs are isolated and that their penetrance in HLA-DRB1*15:02 or 16:02 individuals is low, implying that they may be triggered by rare germline or somatic variants. In contrast, the risk of mycobacterial disease in patients with nAIGAs is high, confirming that these nAIGAs are the cause of EM disease. FUNDING. The Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases is supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Rockefeller University, the St. Giles Foundation, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R01AI095983 and U19AIN1625568), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), the NIH Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) program (UL1 TR001866), the French National Research Agency (ANR) under the 'Investments for the Future' program (ANR-10-IAHU-01), the Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory of Excellence (ANR-10-LABX-62IBEID), ANR-GENMSMD (ANR-16-CE17-0005-01), ANR-MAFMACRO (ANR-22-CE92-0008), ANRSECTZ170784, the French Foundation for Medical Research (FRM) (EQU201903007798), the ANRS-COV05, ANR GENVIR (ANR-20-CE93-003), and ANR AI2D (ANR-22-CE15-0046) projects, the ANR-RHU program (ANR-21-RHUS-08-COVIFERON), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 824110 (EASI-genomics), the Square Foundation, Grandir--Fonds de solidarity pour I'enfance, the Fondation du Souffle, the SCOR Corporate Foundation for Science, the Battersea & Bowery Advisory Group, William E. Ford, General Atlantic's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Gabriel Caillaux, General Atlantic's Co-President, Managing Director, and Head of business in EMEA, and the General Atlantic Foundation, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) and of Paris Cite University. JR was supported by the INSERM PhD program for doctors of pharmacy (poste d'accueil INSERM). JR and TLV were supported by the Bettencourt-Schueller Foundation and the MD-PhD program of the Imagine Institute. MO was supported by the David Rockefeller Graduate Program, the Funai Foundation for Information Technology (FFIT), the Honjo International Scholarship Foundation (HISF), and the New York Hideyo Noguchi Memorial Society (HNMS)., Introduction Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare inherited condition characterized by susceptibility to infection by weakly virulent mycobacteria, including BCG vaccines and environmental mycobacteria (EM) (1-4). The [...]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Towards the complete phase profiling of attosecond wave packets

Author

Fuchs, Jaco, Douguet, Nicolas, Donsa, Stefan, Martin, Fernando, Burgdörfer, Joachim, Argenti, Luca, Cattaneo, Laura, and Keller, Ursula

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Realistic attosecond wave packets have complex profiles that, in dispersive conditions, rapidly broaden or split into multiple components. Such behaviors are encoded in sharp features of the wave packet spectral phase. Here, we exploit the quantum beating between one- and two-photon transitions in an attosecond photoionization experiment to measure the photoelectron spectral phase continuously across a broad energy range. Supported by numerical simulations, we demonstrate that this experimental technique is able to reconstruct sharp fine-scale features of the spectral phase, continuously as a function of energy and across the full spectral range of the pulse train, thus beyond the capabilities of existing attosecond spectroscopies. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we retrieve the periodic modulations of the spectral phase of an attosecond pulse train due to the individual chirp of each harmonic.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. National mapping and assessment of ecosystem services projects in Europe – Participants’ experiences, state of the art and lessons learned

Author

Vári, Ágnes, Adamescu, Cristian Mihai, Balzan, Mario, Gocheva, Kremena, Götzl, Martin, Grunewald, Karsten, Inácio, Miguel, Linder, Madli, Obiang-Ndong, Grégory, Pereira, Paulo, Santos-Martin, Fernando, Sieber, Ina, Stępniewska, Małgorzata, Tanács, Eszter, Termansen, Mette, Tromeur, Eric, Vačkářová, Davina, and Czúcz, Bálint

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. A Science Gateway for Atomic and Molecular Physics

Author

Schneider, Barry I., Klaus~Bartschat, Zatsarinny, Oleg, Bray, Igor, Scrinzi, Armin, Martin, Fernando, Klinker, Markus, Tennyson, Jonathan, Gorfinkiel, Jimena D., and Pamidighantam, Sudhakar

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

We describe the creation of a new Atomic and Molecular Physics science gateway (AMPGateway). The gateway is designed to bring together a subset of the AMP community to work collectively to make their codes available and easier to use by the partners as well as others. By necessity, a project such as this requires the developers to work on issues of portability, documentation, ease of input, as well as making sure the codes can run on a variety of architectures. Here we outline our efforts to build this AMP gateway and future directions.

Published
2020

25. Factores de riesgo psicosocial asociados al síndrome de burnout en trabajadores de la salud

Author

Luis Julián Jiménez Gómez, Laura Marcela Oñate Peralta, and Martin Fernando Tatis Mendoza

Subjects
agotamiento psicológico, factores de riesgo, talento humano de salud, Síndrome de Burnout, riesgo psicosocial, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Introducción: El Síndrome de Burnout (SB) se desarrolla en personas que experimentan una carga excesiva de trabajo, generando como consecuencia un deterioro significativo de la salud mental y el estado físico. Objetivo: Conocer los factores de riesgo psicosocial asociados al síndrome de burnout en trabajadores de la salud. Métodos: A través de una revisión sistemática con enfoque cualitativo, se recopilaron 19 artículos publicados de cuatro bases de datos: Scielo, Google Académico, Dialnet y PubMed. Resultados: los factores de riesgo asociados al SB se encuentran sexo femenino, comorbilidades, sobrecarga laboral, actividades monótonas, falta de pausas activas, alimentación inadecuada, desabastecimiento de suministros, tipo de contratación y área de trabajo. Dentro de los factores protectores incluyen ejercicio diario, alimentación saludable, sueño reparador, personalidad asertiva, e higiene en el trabajo. Conclusión: Es imperativo promover la autoconfianza y la satisfacción laboral, así como proporcionar un entorno de trabajo seguro y saludable. Se debe incentivar a los trabajadores a solicitar ayuda cuando sea necesario para asegurar una atención de calidad para los pacientes y un ambiente laboral óptimo para el personal.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Aesthetic Augmentation of the Trochanteric Gluteal Region in Patients with Gender Dysphoria: Lipoinjection, Gluteal Implants, and Hip Implants

Author

Lázaro Cárdenas-Camarena, MD, Daniel Atl López-Fabila, MD, Edgar Vargas-Flores, MD, and Martin Fernando Reyes-Herrera, MD

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Background:. One of the surgical procedures most requested by patients with gender dysphoria is gluteus-trochanteric improvement, and there are few scientific reports on managing this region. We present our 14-year surgical experience combining different surgical procedures for trochanteric gluteal improvement in patients with gender dysphoria. Methods:. From October 2007 to December 2022, patients with male-to-female gender dysphoria who requested feminization of the trochanteric gluteal region were operated on, undergoing combined liposuction, lipoinjection, and gluteal (GI) and hip implant (HI) placement. Results:. One hundred seventy-two patients aged between 23 and 56 years (mean: 36.4 years) were included, with follow-up from 3 to 45 months (mean: 26 years). Lipoinjection alone was performed on buttocks and hips in 132 patients (76.7%), GIs plus hip lipoinjection were performed in 22 patients (12.7%), and 18 patients (10.4%) underwent GIs and HIs. Lipoinjection was added to eight patients in this last group. The overall satisfaction in all groups was 89%. The main reason for dissatisfaction was volume loss secondary to fat reabsorption (8%). There were no significant complications, with the most common adverse events being HI displacement in two of 18 patients (11.11%) and wound dehiscence secondary to GI placement in four of 40 patients (10%). Conclusion:. With the appropriate combination of liposuction, lipoinjection, GIs, and HIs, it is possible to feminize the trochanteric gluteal region with highly satisfactory results.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Essays in financial economics

Author

Eguren-Martin, Fernando and Ferrero, Andrea

Subjects
332, macroeconomics, international finance, banking
Abstract

This dissertation consists of three chapters discussing issues in the field of financial economics. The first two chapters are largely empirical; the third chapter is mainly theoretical. In the first chapter (co-authored with Andrew Meldrum and Wen Yan) we develop a model for pricing hypothetical financial instruments that have their pay-offs tied to the evolution of a country's gross domestic product (GDP) growth ('GDP-linked bonds'). We first develop a no-arbitrage pricing model for these bonds in line with those applied to other financial securities. Absent data on actual prices given lack of trading, we device an alternative empirical strategy for estimation of our model. This strategy entails inferring the risk profile of GDP from a second term-structure model, this time of 'zero-coupon' equities, which can be taken to the data. After estimating the prices of GDP-linked bonds we decompose them into their components (including GDP growth expectations and GDP risk premia) and study their time series and term structure dynamics. In the second chapter (co-authored with Matias Ossandon-Busch and Dennis Reinhardt) we study the effect of price dislocations in the market for foreign currency (FX) swaps, an important source of funding for banks, on cross-border bank lending. Armed with a detailed balance sheet level dataset for banks operating from the UK, we examine how ex-ante exposure to FX swap-based funding affects the reaction of banks cross-border positions in the face of the mentioned dislocations in pricing. We also explore the role of potential shielding factors, including banks' reliance on intra-group funding. In the third chapter I develop a theoretical macroeconomic model featuring shocks to the availability of FX funding for banks (`dollar shortage shocks') and central bank swap lines as a monetary policy tool. First, I show that dollar shortage shocks can have significant negative consequences for macroeconomic aggregates by affecting bank lending. Second, I show how the availability of central bank swap lines, through which the local central bank can access foreign currency, can attenuate the negative consequences of dollar shortage shocks on the macroeconomy.

Published
2020

31. Tunable Graphene Electronics with Local Ultrahigh Pressure

Author

Ares, Pablo, Pisarra, Michele, Segovia, Pilar, Diaz, Cristina, Martin, Fernando, Michel, Enrique G., Zamora, Felix, Gomez-Navarro, Cristina, and Gomez-Herrero, Julio

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We achieve fine tuning of graphene effective doping by applying ultrahigh pressures (> 10 GPa) using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) diamond tips. Specific areas in graphene flakes are irreversibly flattened against a SiO2 substrate. Our work represents the first demonstration of local creation of very stable effective p-doped graphene regions with nanometer precision, as unambiguously verified by a battery of techniques. Importantly, the doping strength depends monotonically on the applied pressure, allowing a controlled tuning of graphene electronics. Through this doping effect, ultrahigh pressure modifications include the possibility of selectively modifying graphene areas to improve their electrical contact with metal electrodes, as shown by Conductive AFM. Density Functional Theory calculations and experimental data suggest that this pressure level induces the onset of covalent bonding between graphene and the underlying SiO2 substrate. Our work opens a convenient avenue to tuning the electronics of 2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures through pressure with nanometer resolution.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Time delays from one-photon transitions in the continuum

Author

Fuchs, Jaco, Douguet, Nicolas, Donsa, Stefan, Martin, Fernando, Burgdörfer, Joachim, Argenti, Luca, Cattaneo, Laura, and Keller, Ursula

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Attosecond photoionisation time delays reveal information about the potential energy landscape an outgoing electron wavepacket probes upon ionisation. In this study we experimentally quantify, for the first time, the dependence of the time delay on the angular momentum of the liberated photoelectrons. For this purpose, electron quantum-path interference spectra have been resolved in energy and angle using a two-color attosecond pump-probe photoionisation experiment in helium. A fitting procedure of the angle-dependent interference pattern allows us to disentangle the relative phase of all four quantum pathways that are known to contribute to the final photoelectron signal. In particular, we resolve the dependence on the angular momentum of the delay of one-photon transitions between continuum states, which is an essential and universal contribution to the total photoionization delay observed in attosecond pump-probe measurements. For such continuum-continuum transitions, we measure a delay between outgoing s- and d-electrons as large as 12 as close to the ionisation threshold in helium. Both single-active-electron and first-principles ab initio simulations confirm this observation for helium and hydrogen, demonstrating the universality of the observed delays.

Published
2019

33. Control defeseance by anti-alignment in the excited state

Author

Chang, Bo Y., Shin, Seokmin, González-Vázquez, Jesús, Martín, Fernando, Malinovsky, Vladimir S., and Sola, Ignacio R.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We predict anti-alignment dynamics in the excited state of H2+ or related homonuclear dimers in the presence of a strong field. This effect is a general indirect outcome of the strong transition dipole and large polarizabilities typically used to control or to induce alignment in the ground state. In the excited state, however, the polarizabilities have the opposite sign than in the ground state, generating a torque that aligns the molecule perpendicular to the field, deeming any laser-control strategy impossible., Comment: 4 figures

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Atomic and Molecular Scattering Applications in an Apache Airavata Science Gateway

Author

Schneider, Barry I, Bartschat, Klaus, Zatsarinny, Oleg, Hamilton, Kathryn R, Bray, Igor, Scrinzi, Armin, Martin, Fernando, Vasquez, Jesus Gonzalez, Tennyson, Jonathan, Gorfinkiel, Jimena D, Lucchesse, Robert, and Pamidighantam, Sudhakar

Abstract

We document recent progress made in the development and deployment of a science gateway for atomic and molecular physics (AMP) [10]. The molecular scattering applications supported in the gateway and the early phase of the project were described in a preliminary report [33]. Here, we present recent advances in both the platform's capabilities and in its adoption for additional software suites and new possibilities for further development. The past year has seen substantial progress, with the addition of two new software suites and additional authors. A very successful workshop, supported by the MOLSSI, NSF, and NIST, was held at NIST from Dec 11-13, 2019. The agenda contained discussions of the science as well as demonstrations of the codes both in production and learning modes. More than 30 scientists participated in the workshop. Over the past few months, the number of registered gateway users has grown to over 60. The applications being deployed provide users with a number of state-of-the-art computational techniques to treat electron scattering from atomic and molecular targets, as well as the interaction of radiation with such systems. One may view all of these approaches as generalized close-coupling methods, where the inclusion of electron correlation is accomplished via the addition of generalized pseudostates. A number of the methods can also be employed to compute high-quality bound-state wave functions by closing the channels and imposing exponentially decaying boundary conditions. The application software suites are deployed on a number of NSF and DoE supercomputing systems. These deployments are brought to the user community through the science gateway with user interfaces, post-processing, and visualization tools. Below we outline our efforts in deploying the Django web framework for the AMPGateway using the Apache Airavata gateway middleware, discuss the new advanced capabilities available, and provide an outlook for future directions for the gateway and the AMP community.

Published
2020

38. Introducing Psychology Strategies to Increase Engagement on Social Robots

Author

Alonso-Martin, Fernando, Carrasco-Martínez, Sara, Gamboa-Montero, Juan José, Fernández-Rodicio, Enrique, Salichs, Miguel Ángel, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Cavallo, Filippo, editor, Cabibihan, John-John, editor, Fiorini, Laura, editor, Sorrentino, Alessandra, editor, He, Hongsheng, editor, Liu, Xiaorui, editor, Matsumoto, Yoshio, editor, and Ge, Shuzhi Sam, editor

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Commissioning and first results of the OLMAT facility

Author

Tabarés, Francisco L, Oyarzabal, Eider, Alegre, Daniel, Tafalla, David, McCarthy, Kieran J., de Castro, Alfonso, Ascasíbar, Enrique, Soleto, Alfonso, Fernández-Berceruelo, Ivan, Carrasco, Ricardo, Martin, Fernando, Sebastián, José A, Gómez-Manchón, Jesús, Pereira, Augusto, and de la Peña, Angel

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Postpartum breast cancer: Analysis of factors related to pregnancy and identification of differential prognostic markers.

Author

García Cesteros, Natalia, primary, López-Herrero López, María, additional, Guevara Madrid, Geraldina, additional, Mora Martin, Fernando, additional, Teso Martín, Beatriz, additional, De La Fuente Dominguez, Iciar, additional, Guil Luna, Silvia, additional, Aranda Aguilar, Enrique, additional, and De La Haba, Juan, additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Roadmap on photonic, electronic and atomic collision physics: I. Light–matter interaction

Author

Ueda, Kiyoshi, Sokell, Emma, Schippers, Stefan, Aumayr, Friedrich, Sadeghpour, Hossein, Burgdörfer, Joachim, Lemell, Christoph, Tong, Xiao-Min, Pfeifer, Thomas, Calegari, Francesca, Palacios, Alicia, Martin, Fernando, Corkum, Paul, Sansone, Giuseppe, Gryzlova, Elena V, Grum-Grzhimailo, Alexei N, Piancastelli, Maria Novella, Weber, Peter M, Steinle, Tobias, Amini, Kasra, Biegert, Jens, Berrah, Nora, Kukk, Edwin, Santra, Robin, Müller, Alfred, Dowek, Danielle, Lucchese, Robert R, McCurdy, C William, Bolognesi, Paola, Avaldi, Lorenzo, Jahnke, Till, Schöffler, Markus S, Dörner, Reinhard, Mairesse, Yann, Nahon, Laurent, Smirnova, Olga, Schlathölter, Thomas, Campbell, Eleanor EB, Rost, Jan-Michael, Meyer, Michael, and Tanaka, Kazuo A

Subjects
light-matter interaction, new light sources, synchrotron radiation sources, femtosecond lasers, Optics
Abstract

We publish three Roadmaps on photonic, electronic and atomic collision physics in order to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the ICPEAC conference. In Roadmap I, we focus on the light-matter interaction. In this area, studies of ultrafast electronic and molecular dynamics have been rapidly growing, with the advent of new light sources such as attosecond lasers and x-ray free electron lasers. In parallel, experiments with established synchrotron radiation sources and femtosecond lasers using cutting-edge detection schemes are revealing new scientific insights that have never been exploited. Relevant theories are also being rapidly developed. Target samples for photon-impact experiments are expanding from atoms and small molecules to complex systems such as biomolecules, fullerene, clusters and solids. This Roadmap aims to look back along the road, explaining the development of these fields, and look forward, collecting contributions from twenty leading groups from the field.

Published
2019

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results