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Supplementary Figures S1-S5 from Glioma Regression In vitro and In vivo by a Suicide Combined Treatment

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the mental health of the youngest, worsening their emotional well-being. The demand for care in psychiatric emergencies may indirectly reflect the mental health state of children and adolescents and the emotional consequences of the pandemic. Moreover, suicidality can be considered a marker of severity in this population group. Therefore, we have aimed to longitudinally describe the number of children and adolescents attended in the psychiatry emergency department due to suicidal ideation or attempts and, to explore differences in suicidality according to gender and age. A retrospective study was carried out in the University Hospital of San Juan, Alicante, Spain, from January 01, 2018 to December 31, 2021. A total of 138 participants under 18 years requesting psychiatric care due to suicidal ideation or attempts were included. The sample was composed by 35% of males and the mean age was 14.8 years old (SD = 2.2). The number of cases per year range from 10 in 2018 to 88 in 2021. Attendances were significantly higher between 2021 and the three previous years. Besides, the number of attentions registered in the last 9 months of 2021 equals those that occurred in the entire previous period. Most of the cases were girls and middle adolescents. Suicide ideation or attempts have skyrocketed in children and adolescents. This alarming increase presents a one-year lag peak from the COVID-19 outbreak and continues until the end of 2021. Girls and those over 12 years have been identified as risk groups to present suicidal ideation or attempts. Sin financiación 5.250 Q2 JCR 2021 1.554 Q1 SJR 2022 No data IDR 2021 UEM

The influence of the addition of granular activated carbon (GAC) on the anaerobic treatment of wastewater with a mixture of ethanol and 1-ethoxy-2-propanol (E2P), which are typical pollutants from the flexographic/printing industry, was evaluated. For this purpose, the reactor performance and microbial community in two continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs), i.e. control and GAC supplemented, were assessed. Both reactors, seeded with anaerobic granular biomass, showed similar global performance (RE > 93%), except after organic load shocks and after E2P addition. GAC supplementation substantially enhanced the response of the biological system to organic load shocks and reduced the acclimation period for E2P degradation. This improvement was found to be related to the effect of GAC on the microbial community which, in turn, is related to an increase in the degradation rate of intermediates (acetone and isopropanol). The microbial community was analysed through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and high-throughput sequencing. Both methods showed an evolution from the inoculum to the final time point and considerable enrichment in microorganisms involved in direct interspecies electron transfer, such as Geobacter species in the final biomass samples, especially in the biomass attached to the GAC.

Characterisation of the fouling attached to PVDF membranes treating an anaerobic effluent for dissolved CH4 recovery was carried out. A commercial flat-sheet PVDF membrane and a PVDF functionalised by grafting of organofluorosilanes (mPVDF) that increased its hydrophobicity were subjected to a continuous flux of an anaerobic reactor effluent in long-term operation tests (> 800 h). The fouling cakes were studied by the membrane autopsy after these tests, combining a staining technique, FTIR, and FESEM-EDX, and the fouling extraction with water and NaOH solutions. Both organic and inorganic fouling were observed, and the main foulants were proteins, polysaccharides, and different calcium and phosphate salts. Also, a significant amount of live cells was detected on the fouling cake (especially on the non-modified PVDF). Although the fouling cake composition was quite heterogeneous, a stratification was observed, with the inorganic fouling mainly in the bulk centre of the cake and the organic fouling mainly located in the lower and upper surfaces of the cake. The mPVDF suffered a more severe fouling, likely owing to a stronger hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction with the foulants. Irreversible fouling remained on both membranes after the extraction, although a higher irreversible fouling was detected in the mPVDF; however, a complete polysaccharide removal was observed. Regarding the operation performance, PVDF showed a lower stability and suffered a severe degradation, resulting in a lower thickness and perforations. Finally, the decrease in the methane recovery performance of both membranes was associated with the fouling depositions. Graphical Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of a covalent all-fullerene C60-Lu3N@Ih-C80 electron donor-acceptor conjugate has been realized by sequential 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides on Lu3N@Ih-C80 and C60. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that two fullerenes behaving as both electron donor (Lu3N@Ih-C80) and acceptor (C60) are forming an electroactive dumbbell. DFT calculations reveal up to 16 diastereomeric pairs, that is, 8 syn and 8 with anti orientation, being the anti-RSSS isomer the most stable. Spectroelectrochemical absorption and femtosecond transient absorption experiments support the notion that a C60 --Lu3N@Ih-C80 + charge-separated state is formed. Spin conversion of the singlet C60 --Lu3N@Ih-C80 + charge-separated state into the triplet C60 --Lu3N@Ih-C80 + charge-separated state is facilitated by the heavy atom affect stemming from the Lu3N-cluster and, in turn, slows down the charge recombination by one order of magnitude Financial support from the European Research Council (ERC320441-Chirallcarbon and the MINECO of Spain (Projects CTQ2017-83531-R, CTQ2017-85341-P, and CTQ2017-84327- P, network CTQ2016-81911-REDT, and Juan de la Cierva formación contracts FJCI-2016-29448 to A.J.S. and FJCI-2017- 32757 to O.A.S.) is acknowledged. This work was also funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via SFB 953 “Synthetic Carbon Allotropes”, the Catalan DIUE (2017SGR39, XRQTC, and ICREA Academia 2014 Award to M.S.), and the FEDER fund (UNGI10-4E-801)

Purpose The phase III ToGA trial established cisplatin, fluoropyrimidine and trastuzumab as the standard treatment in HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, as demonstrated in HER2-negative AGC, oxaliplatin-based regimens could improve tolerance remaining effective. The aim of this trial was to explore the potential activity and safety of capecitabine, oxaliplatin (XELOX) and trastuzumab in patients with HER-2 positive advanced gastric cancer. Methods We conducted a multicentre, prospective, non-randomised, non-controlled, open-label and national (Spanish) phase II study. Patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction (EGJ) cancer received XELOX and trastuzumab as first-line treatment. Primary endpoint was objective tumour response rate (ORR). Results 45 patients from ten hospitals in Spain were included from September 2011 to December 2013. Median age was 65 years, 82.2% were male, 69% had gastric cancer and 31% had EGJ tumours. At a median follow-up of 13.7 months (7.1–20.9), the estimated median progression-free survival and overall survival were 7.1 (95% CI 5.5–8.7) and 13.8 months (95% CI 10.1–17.4), respectively, with 8.9%, 37.8% and 31.1% of patients achieving complete response, partial response and stable disease. Regarding safety, 44.4% of the patients had grade 3 or greater adverse events, being the most frequent diarrhoea (26.6%), fatigue (15.5%), nausea (20%) and vomiting (13.3%). Only two patients (4.4%) developed asymptomatic grade 2 left ventricle ejection fraction reduction. Conclusions XELOX-trastuzumab is a promising and effective therapy as first-line treatment for patients with HER2-positive AGC, with comparable results to the ones obtained with other “platinum-based” regimens. This scheme is feasible and tolerable with a low incidence of cardiac toxicity.

The increasing identification of driver oncogenic alterations and progress of targeted therapies addresses the need of comprehensive alternatives to standard molecular methods. The translation into clinical practice of next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels is actually challenged by the compliance of high quality standards for clinical accreditation. Herein, we present the analytical and clinical feasibility study of a hybridization capture-based NGS panel (Action OncoKitDx) for the analysis of somatic mutations, copy number variants (CNVs), fusions, pharmacogenetic SNPs and Microsatellite Instability (MSI) determination in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples. A total of 64 samples were submitted to extensive analytical validation for the identification of previously known variants. An additional set of 166 tumor and patient-matched normal samples were sequenced to assess the clinical utility of the assay across different tumor types. The panel demonstrated good specificity, sensitivity, reproducibility, and repeatability for the identification of all biomarkers analyzed and the 5% limit of detection set was validated. Among the clinical cohorts, the assay revealed pathogenic genomic alterations in 97% of patient cases, and in 82.7%, at least one clinically relevant variant was detected. The validation of accuracy and robustness of this assay supports the Action OncoKitDx’s utility in adult solid tumors.

An 83-year-old female presented with progressive dyspnea, a non-productive cough and right pleural effusion consistent with exudate. Rapid staining and PCR for mycobacteria, culture and cytology were negative. A thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a solid lesion, 53 mm in diameter, with an epicenter in the right crus of the diaphragm, both diaphragmatic and hepatic infiltration and compression of the inferior vena cava.

A degassing contactor using a flat sheet membrane module (FM) was operated in sweep gas mode to study the performance of several commercial polymer membranes, both dense (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) and microporous (polypropylene, PP, and polyvinylidenefluoride, PVDF), for the recovery of dissolved methane from water. Non-steady state experiments were conducted at different liquid (QL, 3.5–40.5 L h-1) and gas flow rates (QN2, 0.05–15.00 L h-1). In the case of PDMS, PP, and when PVDF was operated at moderate high QL (≥ 21 L h-1), similar methane removal efficiencies (RE) were obtained. In the case of PVDF operated at relatively low QL (3.5 L h-1), a lower RE was observed. A model for the mass transfer of methane has been selected that is adequate in predicting the experimental results. These results concluded that the mass transfer resistance was mainly located in the liquid phase. Microscopy and especially contact angle measurements were used to monitor the structural and surface stability on the membranes. The membranes were altered during the operation, especially for QL ≥ 21 L h-1, showing a decrease (PDMS and PP) or an increase (PVDF) in hydrophobicity and even cleavages (PDMS). The combination of the FM and contact angle technique has demonstrated to be very versatile and useful for monitoring the variation of the membrane properties during operation.

Purpose: In recent years a sub-group of minimalist runners have emerged who aim to perform physical exercise more naturally in an attempt to reduce running-related injuries. Here we aimed to determine the effect that running with minimalist footwear in a prolonged run has on footimpact accelerations. Method: Seventeen runners ran with minimalist and conventional shoes (MS and CS, respectively) in two separate sessions; the participants had experience with both footwear types. We measured the length and frequency of each stride, as well as the tibial and head impact acceleration every 5 minutes during a prolonged run (30 minutes at 80% of each individual's maximum aerobic speed). Results: There were significant differences in the acceleration rate in the tibia (CS: 516.1 ± 238.47 G/s and MS: 786.6 ± 238.45 G/s; p = .009) and head (CS: 73.3 ± 23.65 G/s and MS: 120.7 ± 44.13 G/s; p = .000). Our data indicate that the type of footwear increased the stride frequency and decreased length and that the impact acceleration is increased with MS compared to CS (p < .05 in both cases). However, the effect of prolonged run was not significantly different between CS and MS (p < .05). Conclusions: The peak tibia acceleration and headtibia acceleration rate indicate that the use of MS may be related to a higher risk of injury. These differences remained independently of the runners' fatigue state

Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT) is a rare disease composed of so-called indeterminate cells, a dendritic cell subset displaying histological and some ultrastructural and immunophenotypic features of Langerhans cells, but lacking Birbeck granules. We report a case of cutaneous IDCT occurring in a patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) successfully treated with UV-A phototherapy. Next-generation sequencing studies of the CMML demonstrated mutations in TET2, ASXL1, and ZRS2 genes, also detected in the IDCT, demonstrating a clonal relationship between both tumors and confirming IDCT as a specific subtype in the spectrum of CMML-related cutaneous lesions.

We present the case of a 55-year-old male that was admitted to our hospital for cholestatic hepatitis. Other causes of hepatitis were excluded with imaging, laboratory and serologic tests. A liver biopsy was performed, which was compatible with toxicity-induced hepatitis. Re-assessing the patient, he mentioned the start of treatment with candesartan cilexetil 3 weeks prior to the onset of the symptoms. Candesartan was withdrawn, with a progressive improvement in cholestasis and complete normalization of liver biochemistry at 6 months. The patient was diagnosed with candesartan-induced cholestatic hepatitis, probable according to CIOMS/RUCAM scale.

A polypropylene membrane contactor was used for the recovery of dissolved methane from an anaerobic reactor effluent. Effect of operational parameters, operation mode and fouling on long-term operation was studied using vacuum pressure or N 2 as sweep gas. Results were analyzed based on the mass transfer estimations. Lower performance was observed in the shell-side mode due to the lower liquid velocity and the probable channeling. Membrane pore wetting was observed with the increase in Q L in the vacuum-pressure mode. This was confirmed with mass transfer resistance analysis, resulting in an estimated wetted pore fraction of between 0.25 and 0.53. The highest removal efficiencies were obtained with the liquid flowing in the lumen side and sweep-gas operation (between 98% and 67% for Q L between 4.1 and 27.2 L h –1 ), with negligible effect of the N 2 flow rate. In the long-term operation, the impact of membrane fouling was less intense in the lumen side, with longer operation time and more reversible fouling. A complete characterization of the fouling based on water sample analysis concluded that both inorganic and organic foulants were present, probably with higher biofouling presence. A combination of water and chemical cleanings resulted in a recommended protocol based on daily water cleaning.

A full-scale biotrickling filter (BTF) treating acetone air emissions of wood-coating activities showed difficulties to achieve outlet concentrations lower than 125 mg C m-3, especially for high inlet concentrations and oscillating emissions. To solve this problem, a laboratory investigation on acetone removal was carried out simulating typical industrial conditions: discontinuous and variable inlet concentrations and intermittent spraying. The results were evaluated in terms of removal efficiency and outlet gas emission pattern. Industrial emissions and operational protocols were simulated: inlet load up to 70 g C m-3 h-1 during 2 cycles of 4 h per day and intermittent trickling of 15 min per hour. The outlet gas stream of the pollutant was affected by intermittent spraying, causing a fugitive emission of pollutant. Complete removal efficiency was obtained during non-spraying. Average removal efficiencies higher than 85% were obtained, showing the feasibility of BTF to treat acetone. The outlet gas stream showed a clear dependence on the pH of the trickling liquid, decreasing the removal at pH

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) or celiac artery compression syndrome is caused by extrinsic compression by the median arcuate ligament. It is often asymptomatic, but it can cause intestinal symptoms suggestive of angina. We present a patient with repeated episodes of postprandial pain, nausea and occasional vomiting. After several studies, it was concluded that the symptomatology was attributable to this syndrome. Conservative treatment was performed due to the coexistence of underlying neoplastic disease and low life expectancy.

The use and depletion of fossil fuels raised the interest in biofuels like biobutanol. Clostridium acetobutylicum DSM 792 is capable of producing biobutanol through ABE fermentation. Butanol production can be influenced by low sugar concentrations, like those obtained after hydrolysis of pre-treated lignocellulosic biomass. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the initial glucose concentrations (33, 66 and 100 g L−1) and pH control strategies on biobutanol production and glucose consumption. Uncontrolled pH fermentation exhibited low butanol production due to either glucose exhaustion (33 g L−1) or the phenomenon of acid crash (66 and 100 g L−1), which was alleviated by the use of any of the minimum pH set-points (4.8; 5.0; 5.1 and 5.5). Fermentation at a pHmin of 5.1 gave the best performance in butanol production and glucose consumption rate. Fermenting with a pHmin of 5.1 with 33 g L−1 of initial glucose caused acidogenic fermentation, while the use of 66 and 100 g L−1 of glucose led to a ∼1.5 and ∼1.7-fold increase in butanol concentration over their counterparts without pH control respectively. By controlling the pH after the acidogenic phase 15.8 g L−1 of butanol was obtained with 100 g L−1 of glucose, which was ∼2-fold higher than without pH control. Different initial glucose concentrations therefore require different pH strategies to optimize butanol production.

Vacuum and nitrogen as sweep gas were used simultaneously (combination mode) to generate the driving force in a microporous polypropylene membrane contactor for the recovery of dissolved methane from water. Experiments were carried out under different liquid flow-rates (5.0–28.0 L h−1), N2 flow-rates (0.5–1.5 L h−1) and vacuum pressures (0–480 mbar). The maximum removal efficiency of methane was >90% at moderate values of gas-to-liquid ratios (G/L) and vacuum of 0.2 and ≤ 200 mbar, respectively. Removal efficiencies obtained in combination mode were usually higher than when using vacuum or sweep gas, separately. To achieve a methane content >35% in the recovered gas, G/L values lower than 0.03 are necessary, with removal efficiency up to 55%. Even at these soft conditions, gas phase mass transfer resistance was demonstrated as being negligible, so the limiting resistance was in the liquid phase. G/L ratios increased until values of 0.3, with a vacuum of 200 mbar, maximised the energy output (>250 kJ m−3 of treated water), in the case of recovered methane mixed with biogas produced in an anaerobic reactor. The results show that combination mode could be used to improve the performance of methane degassing in membrane contactors.