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2. Strong floristic distinctiveness across Neotropical successional forests.

Author

Jakovac, Catarina, Meave, Jorge, Bongers, Frans, Letcher, Susan, Dupuy, Juan, Piotto, Daniel, Rozendaal, Danaë, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Craven, Dylan, Santos, Braulio, Siminski, Alexandre, Fantini, Alfredo, Rodrigues, Alice, Hernández-Jaramillo, Alma, Idárraga, Alvaro, Junqueira, André, Zambrano, Angelica, de Jong, Ben, Pinho, Bruno, Finegan, Bryan, Castellano-Castro, Carolina, Zambiazi, Daisy, Dent, Daisy, García, Daniel, Kennard, Deborah, Delgado, Diego, Broadbent, Eben, Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, Pérez-García, Eduardo, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Berenguer, Erika, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, de Sá Sampaio, Everardo, Melo, Felipe, Elias, Fernando, França, Filipe, Oberleitner, Florian, Mora, Francisco, Williamson, G, Colletta, Gabriel, Cabral, George, Derroire, Géraldine, Fernandes, Geraldo, van der Wal, Hans, Teixeira, Heitor, Vester, Henricus, García, Hernando, Vieira, Ima, Jiménez-Montoya, Jaider, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene, Hall, Jefferson, Chave, Jerome, Zimmerman, Jess, Nieto, Jhon, Ferreira, Joice, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, Ruíz, Jorge, Barlow, Jos, Aguilar-Cano, José, Hernández-Stefanoni, José, Engel, Julien, Becknell, Justin, Zanini, Kátia, Lohbeck, Madelon, Tabarelli, Marcelo, Romero-Romero, Marco, Uriarte, Maria, Veloso, Maria, Espírito-Santo, Mário, van der Sande, Masha, van Breugel, Michiel, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Schwartz, Naomi, Norden, Natalia, Pérez-Cárdenas, Nathalia, González-Valdivia, Noel, Petronelli, Pascal, Balvanera, Patricia, Massoca, Paulo, Brancalion, Pedro, Villa, Pedro, Hietz, Peter, Ostertag, Rebecca, López-Camacho, René, César, Ricardo, Mesquita, Rita, Chazdon, Robin, Muñoz, Rodrigo, DeWalt, Saara, Müller, Sandra, Durán, Sandra, Martins, Sebastião, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Rodríguez-Buritica, Susana, Aide, T, Bentos, Tony, de S Moreno, Vanessa, Granda, Vanessa, and Thomas, Wayt

Abstract

Forests that regrow naturally on abandoned fields are important for restoring biodiversity and ecosystem services, but can they also preserve the distinct regional tree floras? Using the floristic composition of 1215 early successional forests (≤20 years) in 75 human-modified landscapes across the Neotropic realm, we identified 14 distinct floristic groups, with a between-group dissimilarity of 0.97. Floristic groups were associated with location, bioregions, soil pH, temperature seasonality, and water availability. Hence, there is large continental-scale variation in the species composition of early successional forests, which is mainly associated with biogeographic and environmental factors but not with human disturbance indicators. This floristic distinctiveness is partially driven by regionally restricted species belonging to widespread genera. Early secondary forests contribute therefore to restoring and conserving the distinctiveness of bioregions across the Neotropical realm, and forest restoration initiatives should use local species to assure that these distinct floras are maintained.

Published
2022

7. Functional recovery of secondary tropical forests

Author

Poorter, Lourens, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., Bongers, Frans, Almeida, de Jarcilene S., Álvarez, Francisco S., Andrade, José Luís, Villa, Luis Felipe Arreola, Becknell, Justin M., Bhaskar, Radika, Boukili, Vanessa, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., César, Ricardo G., Chave, Jerome, Chazdon, Robin L., Colletta, Gabriel Dalla, Craven, Dylan, de Jong, Ben H. J., Denslow, Julie S., Dent, Daisy H., DeWalt, Saara J., García, Elisa Díaz, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Durán, Sandra M., Santo, Mário M. Espírito, Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, Finegan, Bryan, Moser, Vanessa Granda, Hall, Jefferson S., Hernandez-Stefanoni, Jose Luis, Jakovac, Catarina C., Kennardb, Deborah, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Letcherd, Susan G., Lohbeck, Madelon, Lopez, Omar R., Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Meave, Jorge A., Mora, Francisco, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, Müller, Sandra C., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Muscarella, Robert, Nunes, Yule R. F., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Oliveira, Rafael S., Paz, Horacio, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, Sanaphre-Villanueva, Lucía, Toledo, Marisol, Uriarte, Maria, Utrera, Luis P., van Breugel, Michiel, van der Sande, Masha T., Veloso, Maria D. M., Wright, S. Joseph, Zanini, Kátia J., Zimmerman, Jess K., and Westoby, Mark

Published
2021

8. Tropical forest succession increases trtaxonomic and functional tree richness but decreases evenness

Author

van der Sande, Masha T., primary, Poorter, Lourens, additional, Derroire, Géraldine, additional, do Espirito Santo, Mario Marcos, additional, Lohbeck, Madelon, additional, Müller, Sandra C., additional, Bhaskar, Radika, additional, van Breugel, Michiel, additional, Dupuy‐Rada, Juan Manuel, additional, Durán, Sandra M., additional, Jakovac, Catarina C., additional, Paz, Horacio, additional, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., additional, Brancalion, Pedro, additional, Craven, Dylan, additional, Mora Ardilla, Francisco, additional, Almeida, Jarcilene S., additional, Balvanera, Patricia, additional, Becknell, Justin, additional, Finegan, Bryan, additional, César, Ricardo Gomes, additional, Hernández‐Stefanoni, José Luis, additional, Kennard, Deborah, additional, Letcher, Susan G., additional, Marín‐Spiotta, Erika, additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, Reyes‐García, Casandra, additional, Sanaphre‐Villanueva, Lucía, additional, Utrera, Luis P., additional, Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, additional, Álvarez, Francisco S., additional, Andrade, Jose Luis, additional, Arreola, Felipe, additional, Boukili, Vanessa, additional, Cabral, George A. L., additional, Chave, Jerome, additional, Chazdon, Robin, additional, Colletta, Gabriel, additional, das Dores Magalhães Veloso, Maria, additional, de Jong, Ben, additional, Lebrija‐Trejos, Edwin, additional, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, additional, Dent, Daisy H., additional, DeWalt, Saara, additional, García, Elisa Díaz, additional, Ferreira Nunes, Yule Roberta, additional, Granda, Vanessa, additional, Hall, Jefferson, additional, Lobo, Rodney, additional, Lopez, Omar, additional, Martínez Ramos, Miguel, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Ochoa‐Gaona, Susana, additional, Sampaio, Everardo V. S. B., additional, Sanchez‐Azofeifa, Arturo, additional, Teixeira, Heitor Mancini, additional, Toledo, Marisol, additional, Uriarte, Maria, additional, Wright, S. Joseph, additional, Zanini, Kátia, additional, and Bongers, Frans, additional

Published
2024
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9. A comprehensive framework for vegetation succession

Author

Poorter, Lourens, primary, van der Sande, Masha T., additional, Amissah, Lucy, additional, Bongers, Frans, additional, Hordijk, Iris, additional, Kok, Jazz, additional, Laurance, Susan G. W., additional, Martínez‐Ramos, Miguel, additional, Matsuo, Tomonari, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, Peña‐Claros, Marielos, additional, van Breugel, Michiel, additional, Herault, Bruno, additional, Jakovac, Catarina C., additional, Lebrija‐Trejos, Edwin, additional, Norden, Natalia, additional, and Lohbeck, Madelon, additional

Published
2024
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10. Biodiversity recovery of Neotropical secondary forests.

Author

Rozendaal, Danaë MA, Bongers, Frans, Aide, T Mitchell, Alvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Ascarrunz, Nataly, Balvanera, Patricia, Becknell, Justin M, Bentos, Tony V, Brancalion, Pedro HS, Cabral, George AL, Calvo-Rodriguez, Sofia, Chave, Jerome, César, Ricardo G, Chazdon, Robin L, Condit, Richard, Dallinga, Jorn S, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S, de Jong, Ben, de Oliveira, Alexandre, Denslow, Julie S, Dent, Daisy H, DeWalt, Saara J, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Durán, Sandra M, Dutrieux, Loïc P, Espírito-Santo, Mario M, Fandino, María C, Fernandes, G Wilson, Finegan, Bryan, García, Hernando, Gonzalez, Noel, Moser, Vanessa Granda, Hall, Jefferson S, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Hubbell, Stephen, Jakovac, Catarina C, Hernández, Alma Johanna, Junqueira, André B, Kennard, Deborah, Larpin, Denis, Letcher, Susan G, Licona, Juan-Carlos, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Massoca, Paulo ES, Meave, Jorge A, Mesquita, Rita CG, Mora, Francisco, Müller, Sandra C, Muñoz, Rodrigo, de Oliveira Neto, Silvio Nolasco, Norden, Natalia, Nunes, Yule RF, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Ortiz-Malavassi, Edgar, Ostertag, Rebecca, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Pérez-García, Eduardo A, Piotto, Daniel, Powers, Jennifer S, Aguilar-Cano, José, Rodriguez-Buritica, Susana, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, Romero-Romero, Marco Antonio, Ruíz, Jorge, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, de Almeida, Arlete Silva, Silver, Whendee L, Schwartz, Naomi B, Thomas, William Wayt, Toledo, Marisol, Uriarte, Maria, de Sá Sampaio, Everardo Valadares, van Breugel, Michiel, van der Wal, Hans, Martins, Sebastião Venâncio, Veloso, Maria DM, Vester, Hans FM, Vicentini, Alberto, Vieira, Ima CG, Villa, Pedro, Williamson, G Bruce, Zanini, Kátia J, Zimmerman, Jess, and Poorter, Lourens

Subjects
Conservation of Natural Resources, Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Tropical Climate, Geography, Forests
Abstract

Old-growth tropical forests harbor an immense diversity of tree species but are rapidly being cleared, while secondary forests that regrow on abandoned agricultural lands increase in extent. We assess how tree species richness and composition recover during secondary succession across gradients in environmental conditions and anthropogenic disturbance in an unprecedented multisite analysis for the Neotropics. Secondary forests recover remarkably fast in species richness but slowly in species composition. Secondary forests take a median time of five decades to recover the species richness of old-growth forest (80% recovery after 20 years) based on rarefaction analysis. Full recovery of species composition takes centuries (only 34% recovery after 20 years). A dual strategy that maintains both old-growth forests and species-rich secondary forests is therefore crucial for biodiversity conservation in human-modified tropical landscapes.

Published
2019

11. A comprehensive framework for vegetation succession

Author

Poorter, Lourens, van der Sande, Masha T., Amissah, Lucy, Bongers, Frans, Hordijk, Iris, Kok, Jazz, Laurance, Susan G.W., Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Matsuo, Tomonari, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Van Breugel, Michiel, Herault, Bruno, Jakovac, Catarina C., Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Norden, Natalia, Lohbeck, Madelon, Poorter, Lourens, van der Sande, Masha T., Amissah, Lucy, Bongers, Frans, Hordijk, Iris, Kok, Jazz, Laurance, Susan G.W., Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Matsuo, Tomonari, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Van Breugel, Michiel, Herault, Bruno, Jakovac, Catarina C., Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Norden, Natalia, and Lohbeck, Madelon

Abstract

Succession is defined as a directional change in species populations, the community, and the ecosystem at a site following a disturbance. Succession is a fundamental concept in ecology as it links different disciplines. An improved understanding of succession is urgently needed in the Anthropocene to predict the widespread effects of global change on succession and ecosystem recovery, but a comprehensive successional framework (CSF) is lacking. A CSF is needed to synthesize results, draw generalizations, advance successional theory, and make improved decisions for ecosystem restoration. We first show that succession is an integral part of socio-ecological system dynamics and that it is driven by social and ecological factors operating at different spatial scales, ranging from the patch to the globe. We then present a CSF at the local scale (patch and landscape) at which succession takes place and explain the underlying successional processes and mechanisms operating at that scale. The CSF reflects the increasingly broader perspective on succession and includes recent theoretical advances by not only focusing on species replacement but also on ecosystem development, considering succession as part of a socio-ecological system, and taking the effect of past and current land use, the landscape context, biotic interactions, and feedback loops into account. We discuss how the CSF can be used to integrate and synthesize successional studies, and its implications for ecosystem restoration.

Published
2024

12. Feedback loops drive ecological succession : towards a unified conceptual framework

Author

van Breugel, Michiel, Bongers, Frans, Norden, Natalia, Meave, Jorge, Amissah, Lucy, Chanthorn, Wirong, Chazdon, Robin, Craven, Dylan, Farrior, Caroline, Hall, Jefferson S., Hérault, Bruno, Jakovac, Catarina, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Muñoz, Rodrigo, Poorter, Lourens, Rüger, Nadja, van der Sande, Masha, Dent, Daisy, van Breugel, Michiel, Bongers, Frans, Norden, Natalia, Meave, Jorge, Amissah, Lucy, Chanthorn, Wirong, Chazdon, Robin, Craven, Dylan, Farrior, Caroline, Hall, Jefferson S., Hérault, Bruno, Jakovac, Catarina, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Muñoz, Rodrigo, Poorter, Lourens, Rüger, Nadja, van der Sande, Masha, and Dent, Daisy

Abstract

The core principle shared by most theories and models of succession is that, following a major disturbance, plant–environment feedback dynamics drive a directional change in the plant community. The most commonly studied feedback loops are those in which the regrowth of the plant community causes changes to the abiotic (e.g. soil nutrients) or biotic (e.g. dispersers) environment, which differentially affect species availability or performance. This, in turn, leads to shifts in the species composition of the plant community. However, there are many other PE feedback loops that potentially drive succession, each of which can be considered a model of succession. While plant–environment feedback loops in principle generate predictable successional trajectories, succession is generally observed to be highly variable. Factors contributing to this variability are the stochastic processes involved in feedback dynamics, such as individual mortality and seed dispersal, and extrinsic causes of succession, which are not affected by changes in the plant community but do affect species performance or availability. Both can lead to variation in the identity of dominant species within communities. This, in turn, leads to further contingencies if these species differ in their effect on their environment (priority effects). Predictability and variability are thus intrinsically linked features of ecological succession. We present a new conceptual framework of ecological succession that integrates the propositions discussed above. This framework defines seven general causes: landscape context, disturbance and land-use, biotic factors, abiotic factors, species availability, species performance, and the plant community. When involved in a feedback loop, these general causes drive succession and when not, they are extrinsic causes that create variability in successional trajectories and dynamics. The proposed framework provides a guide for linking these general causes into causal pathway

Published
2024

13. Height growth and biomass partitioning during secondary succession differ among forest light strata and successional guilds in a tropical rainforest

Author

Matsuo, Tomonari, Bongers, Frans, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, van der Sande, Masha T., Poorter, Lourens, Matsuo, Tomonari, Bongers, Frans, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, van der Sande, Masha T., and Poorter, Lourens

Abstract

In closed-canopy systems globally, plants exhibit intense competition for light, prioritizing vertical growth to attain elevated positions within the canopy. Light competition is especially intense in tropical rainforests because of their dense shaded stands, and during forest succession because of concomitant changes in vertical light profiles. We evaluated how the height growth of individual tree differs among forest light strata (canopy, sub-canopy and understorey) and successional guilds (early, mid- and late successional species) during secondary succession in a Mexican rainforest. Fourteen secondary forest stands differing in time since agricultural abandonment (1–25 years) were monitored for seven consecutive years. For each stand and census year we estimated relative light intensity (RLI) for each height and categorized trees into forest light strata: understorey (RLI ≦ 33.3%), sub-canopy (33.3% ≦ RLI ≦ 66.6%) and canopy (RLI ≧ 66.6%), and into successional guilds based on the literature. We estimated two measures of height growth: absolute height growth (HGabs, cm year−1) calculated as the difference in tree height between two consecutive censuses, and biomass partitioning to height growth (HGbp, in kg kg−1 × 100) calculated as the percentage of total aboveground biomass growth partitioned to height growth. Earlier in succession, trees for all strata had greater HGabs and HGbp, resulting in rapid vertical forest development. HGabs was fastest for canopy trees, followed by sub-canopy and understorey trees. These differences in HGabs among strata, combined with their inter-specific variation and continuous recruitment of small individuals, lead to a rapid differentiation in tree sizes and increase stand structural heterogeneity. HGbp was greater for understorey and sub-canopy trees than for canopy trees, reflecting ontogenetic changes in the light competition strategy from growth to persistence. With succession, both HGabs and HGbp decreased, most strongly fo

Published
2024

14. Legume abundance along successional and rainfall gradients in Neotropical forests

Author

Gei, Maga, Rozendaal, Danaë MA, Poorter, Lourens, Bongers, Frans, Sprent, Janet I, Garner, Mira D, Aide, T Mitchell, Andrade, José Luis, Balvanera, Patricia, Becknell, Justin M, Brancalion, Pedro HS, Cabral, George AL, César, Ricardo Gomes, Chazdon, Robin L, Cole, Rebecca J, Colletta, Gabriel Dalla, de Jong, Ben, Denslow, Julie S, Dent, Daisy H, DeWalt, Saara J, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Durán, Sandra M, do Espírito Santo, Mário Marcos, Fernandes, G Wilson, Nunes, Yule Roberta Ferreira, Finegan, Bryan, Moser, Vanessa Granda, Hall, Jefferson S, Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Junqueira, André B, Kennard, Deborah, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Letcher, Susan G, Lohbeck, Madelon, Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Meave, Jorge A, Menge, Duncan NL, Mora, Francisco, Muñoz, Rodrigo, Muscarella, Robert, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Orihuela-Belmonte, Edith, Ostertag, Rebecca, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Pérez-García, Eduardo A, Piotto, Daniel, Reich, Peter B, Reyes-García, Casandra, Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge, Romero-Pérez, I Eunice, Sanaphre-Villanueva, Lucía, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, Schwartz, Naomi B, de Almeida, Arlete Silva, Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S, Silver, Whendee, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, Sullivan, Benjamin W, Swenson, Nathan G, Uriarte, Maria, van Breugel, Michiel, van der Wal, Hans, Veloso, Maria das Dores Magalhães, Vester, Hans FM, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Zimmerman, Jess K, and Powers, Jennifer S

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Central America, Fabaceae, Forests, Population Density, Puerto Rico, Rain, South America, Trees, Evolutionary biology, Environmental management
Abstract

The nutrient demands of regrowing tropical forests are partly satisfied by nitrogen-fixing legume trees, but our understanding of the abundance of those species is biased towards wet tropical regions. Here we show how the abundance of Leguminosae is affected by both recovery from disturbance and large-scale rainfall gradients through a synthesis of forest inventory plots from a network of 42 Neotropical forest chronosequences. During the first three decades of natural forest regeneration, legume basal area is twice as high in dry compared with wet secondary forests. The tremendous ecological success of legumes in recently disturbed, water-limited forests is likely to be related to both their reduced leaflet size and ability to fix N2, which together enhance legume drought tolerance and water-use efficiency. Earth system models should incorporate these large-scale successional and climatic patterns of legume dominance to provide more accurate estimates of the maximum potential for natural nitrogen fixation across tropical forests.

Published
2018

16. Underlying and proximate drivers of biodiversity changes in Mesoamerican biosphere reserves

Author

Auliz-Ortiz, Daniel Martín, primary, Benítez-Malvido, Julieta, additional, Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, additional, Dirzo, Rodolfo, additional, Pérez-Farrera, Miguel Ángel, additional, Luna-Reyes, Roberto, additional, Mendoza, Eduardo, additional, Álvarez-Añorve, Mariana Yólotl, additional, Álvarez-Sánchez, Javier, additional, Arias-Ataide, Dulce María, additional, Ávila-Cabadilla, Luis Daniel, additional, Botello, Francisco, additional, Braasch, Marco, additional, Casas, Alejandro, additional, Campos-Villanueva, Delfino Álvaro, additional, Cedeño-Vázquez, José Rogelio, additional, Chávez-Tovar, José Cuauhtémoc, additional, Coates, Rosamond, additional, Dechnik-Vázquez, Yanus, additional, del Coro Arizmendi, María, additional, Dias, Pedro Américo, additional, Dorado, Oscar, additional, Enríquez, Paula, additional, Escalona-Segura, Griselda, additional, Farías-González, Verónica, additional, Favila, Mario E., additional, García, Andrés, additional, García-Morales, Leccinum Jesús, additional, Gavito-Pérez, Fernando, additional, Gómez-Domínguez, Héctor, additional, González-García, Fernando, additional, González-Zamora, Arturo, additional, Cuevas-Guzmán, Ramón, additional, Haro-Belchez, Enrique, additional, Hernández-Huerta, Arturo Heriberto, additional, Hernández-Ordoñez, Omar, additional, Horváth, Anna, additional, Ibarra-Manríquez, Guillermo, additional, Lavín-Murcio, Pablo Antonio, additional, Lira-Saade, Rafael, additional, López-Díaz, Karime, additional, MacSwiney G., M. Cristina, additional, Mandujano, Salvador, additional, Martínez-Camilo, Rubén, additional, Martínez-Ávalos, José Guadalupe, additional, Martínez-Meléndez, Nayely, additional, Monroy-Ojeda, Alan, additional, Mora, Francisco, additional, Mora-Olivo, Arturo, additional, Muench, Carlos, additional, Peña-Mondragón, Juan L., additional, Percino-Daniel, Ruth, additional, Ramírez-Marcial, Neptalí, additional, Reyna-Hurtado, Rafael, additional, Rodríguez-Ruíz, Erick Rubén, additional, Sánchez-Cordero, Víctor, additional, Suazo-Ortuño, Ireri, additional, Terán-Juárez, Sergio Alejandro, additional, Valdivieso-Pérez, Ingrid Abril, additional, Valencia, Vivian, additional, Valenzuela-Galván, David, additional, Vargas-Contreras, Jorge Albino, additional, Vázquez-Pérez, José Raúl, additional, Vega-Rivera, Jorge Humberto, additional, Venegas-Barrera, Crystian Sadiel, additional, and Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, additional

Published
2024
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17. Feedback loops drive ecological succession: towards a unified conceptual framework

Author

van Breugel, Michiel, primary, Bongers, Frans, additional, Norden, Natalia, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Amissah, Lucy, additional, Chanthorn, Wirong, additional, Chazdon, Robin, additional, Craven, Dylan, additional, Farrior, Caroline, additional, Hall, Jefferson S., additional, Hérault, Bruno, additional, Jakovac, Catarina, additional, Lebrija‐Trejos, Edwin, additional, Martínez‐Ramos, Miguel, additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, Poorter, Lourens, additional, Rüger, Nadja, additional, van der Sande, Masha, additional, and Dent, Daisy H., additional

Published
2024
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19. Land use legacies affect early tropical forest succession in Mexico.

Author

Hordijk, Iris, Poorter, Lourens, Martínez‐Ramos, Miguel, Bongers, Frans, Mendoza, Rey David López, Romero, Pascual Jamangapé, van der Sande, Masha, Muñoz, Rodrigo, Jansma, Robyn, Fujisawa, Natsuho, and Meave, Jorge A.

Subjects
FOREST succession, TROPICAL forests, LAND use, FISH stocking, FOREST restoration, AGRICULTURE, ENVIRONMENTAL history, SHIFTING cultivation, TILLAGE
Abstract

Questions: Agricultural expansion is one of the dominant drivers of forest and biodiversity loss, and shifting cultivation is the most widely used form of agriculture in many tropical forest regions. Where forests have been cleared, they have the potential to recover once the land is abandoned. However, legacies of land use are often overlooked in successional studies, and a deeper understanding of this legacy effect is needed to define efficient restoration practices using natural or assisted regeneration. Here, we analysed how land‐use history affects soil properties and early succession on abandoned agricultural fields in two contrasting Mexican socio‐ecological systems. Location: Mexico, Oaxaca and Chiapas. Methods: We sampled soil and monitored vegetation for 2 years after agricultural abandonment, and interviewed landowners about their land‐use practices. Results: Land‐use practices were clearly influenced by landowners' social context (residence time, rural or urban origin), and topography and soil type also constrained or facilitated land‐use practices. Soil characteristics were strongly affected by three land‐use practices: mechanical tillage decreased soil N and K; frequent herbicide and pesticide use increased N and K; and for pasture systems, stocking density increased soil bulk density and decreased pH and N. High‐intensity land management practices, specifically use of machinery, had the highest impact on early forest succession. When machinery was not used, the frequency of land‐use practices, particularly weeding frequency, is the main factor influencing tree cover and sapling diversity. Conclusions: To facilitate post‐agricultural forest recovery, we recommend restoration efforts using natural regeneration in areas with low previous land‐use intensity and frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Feedback loops drive ecological succession; towards a unified conceptual framework

Author

van Breugel, Michiel, primary, Bongers, Frans, additional, Norden, Natalia, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Amissah, Lucy, additional, Chanthorn, Wirong, additional, Chazdon, Robin, additional, Craven, Dylan, additional, Farrior, Caroline, additional, Hall, Jefferson, additional, Hérault, Bruno, additional, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, additional, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, Poorter, Lourens, additional, Rüger, Nadja, additional, van der Sande, Masha, additional, and Dent, Daisy, additional

Published
2023
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24. ERRATUM: Biodiversity and climate determine the functioning of Neotropical forests

Author

Poorter, Lourens, van der Sande, Masha T., Arets, Eric J. M. M., Ascarrunz, Nataly, Enquist, Brian, Finegan, Bryan, Licona, Juan Carlos, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Mazzei, Lucas, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Nytch, Christopher J., de Oliveira, Alexandre A., Perez-García, Eduardo A., Prado-Junior, Jamir, Rodríguez-Velazques, Jorge, Ruschel, Ademir Roberto, Salgado-Negret, Beatriz, Schiavini, Ivan, Swenson, Nathan G., Tenorio, Elkin A., Thompson, Jill, Toledo, Marisol, Uriarte, Maria, van der Hout, Peter, Zimmerman, Jess K., and Peña-Claros, Marielos

Published
2018

27. Biodiversity and climate determine the functioning of Neotropical forests

Author

Poorter, Lourens, van der Sande, Masha T., Arets, Eric J. M. M., Ascarrunz, Nataly, Enquist, Brian, Finegan, Bryan, Licona, Juan Carlos, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Mazzei, Lucas, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Nytch, Christopher J., de Oliveira, Alexandre A., Pérez-García, Eduardo A., Prado-Junior, Jamir, Rodríguez-Velázques, Jorge, Ruschel, Ademir Roberto, Salgado-Negret, Beatriz, Schiavini, Ivan, Swenson, Nathan G., Tenorio, Elkin A., Thompson, Jill, Toledo, Marisol, Uriarte, Maria, van der Hout, Peter, Zimmerman, Jess K., and Peña-Claros, Marielos

Published
2017

30. Wet and dry tropical forests show opposite successional pathways in wood density but converge over time

Author

Poorter, Lourens, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., Bongers, Frans, de Almeida-Cortez, Jarcilene S., Almeyda Zambrano, Angélica María, Álvarez, Francisco S., Andrade, José Luís, Villa, Luis Felipe Arreola, Balvanera, Patricia, Becknell, Justin M., Bentos, Tony V., Bhaskar, Radika, Boukili, Vanessa, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., Broadbent, Eben N., César, Ricardo G., Chave, Jerome, Chazdon, Robin L., Colletta, Gabriel Dalla, Craven, Dylan, de Jong, Ben H. J., Denslow, Julie S., Dent, Daisy H., DeWalt, Saara J., García, Elisa Díaz, Dupuy, Juan Manuel, Durán, Sandra M., Espírito Santo, Mário M., Fandiño, María C., Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson, Finegan, Bryan, Moser, Vanessa Granda, Hall, Jefferson S., Hernández-Stefanoni, José Luis, Jakovac, Catarina C., Junqueira, André B., Kennard, Deborah, Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin, Letcher, Susan G., Lohbeck, Madelon, Lopez, Omar R., Marín-Spiotta, Erika, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Martins, Sebastião V., Massoca, Paulo E. S., Meave, Jorge A., Mesquita, Rita, Mora, Francisco, de Souza Moreno, Vanessa, Müller, Sandra C., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Muscarella, Robert, de Oliveira Neto, Silvio Nolasco, Nunes, Yule R. F., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Paz, Horacio, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Piotto, Daniel, Ruíz, Jorge, Sanaphre-Villanueva, Lucía, Sanchez-Azofeifa, Arturo, Schwartz, Naomi B., Steininger, Marc K., Thomas, William Wayt, Toledo, Marisol, Uriarte, Maria, Utrera, Luis P., van Breugel, Michiel, van der Sande, Masha T., van der Wal, Hans, Veloso, Maria D. M., Vester, Hans F. M., Vieira, Ima C. G., Villa, Pedro Manuel, Williamson, G. Bruce, Wright, S. Joseph, Zanini, Kátia J., Zimmerman, Jess K., and Westoby, Mark

Published
2019
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36. Demographic Drivers of Aboveground Biomass Dynamics During Secondary Succession in Neotropical Dry and Wet Forests

Author

Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., Chazdon, Robin L., Arreola-Villa, Felipe, Balvanera, Patricia, Bentos, Tony V., Dupuy, Juan M., Hernández-Stefanoni, J. Luis, Jakovac, Catarina C., Lebrija-Trejos, Edwin E., Lohbeck, Madelon, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Massoca, Paulo E. S., Meave, Jorge A., Mesquita, Rita C. G., Mora, Francisco, Pérez-García, Eduardo A., Romero-Pérez, I. Eunice, Saenz-Pedroza, Irving, van Breugel, Michiel, Williamson, G. Bruce, and Bongers, Frans

Published
2017

42. Landscape-scale forest cover drives the predictability of forest regeneration across the Neotropics

Author

Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Rito, Kátia F., Farfán, Michelle, Navía, Iván C., Mora, Francisco, Arreola-Villa, Felipe, Balvanera, Patricia, Bongers, Frans, Castellanos-Castro, Carolina, Catharino, Eduardo L.M., Chazdon, Robin L., Dupuy-Rada, Juan M., Ferguson, Bruce G., Foster, Paul F., González-Valdivia, Noel, Griffith, Daniel M., Hernández-Stefanoni, José L., Jakovac, Catarina C., Junqueira, André B., Jong, Bernardus H.J., Letcher, Susan G., May-Pat, Filogonio, Meave, Jorge A., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Meirelles, Gabriela S., Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Powers, Jennifer S., Rocha, Gustavo P.E., Rosário, Ricardo P.G., Santos, Bráulio A., Simon, Marcelo F., Tabarelli, Marcelo, Tun-Dzul, Fernando, van den Berg, Eduardo, Vieira, Daniel L.M., Williams-Linera, Guadalupe, Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Rito, Kátia F., Farfán, Michelle, Navía, Iván C., Mora, Francisco, Arreola-Villa, Felipe, Balvanera, Patricia, Bongers, Frans, Castellanos-Castro, Carolina, Catharino, Eduardo L.M., Chazdon, Robin L., Dupuy-Rada, Juan M., Ferguson, Bruce G., Foster, Paul F., González-Valdivia, Noel, Griffith, Daniel M., Hernández-Stefanoni, José L., Jakovac, Catarina C., Junqueira, André B., Jong, Bernardus H.J., Letcher, Susan G., May-Pat, Filogonio, Meave, Jorge A., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Meirelles, Gabriela S., Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Powers, Jennifer S., Rocha, Gustavo P.E., Rosário, Ricardo P.G., Santos, Bráulio A., Simon, Marcelo F., Tabarelli, Marcelo, Tun-Dzul, Fernando, van den Berg, Eduardo, Vieira, Daniel L.M., Williams-Linera, Guadalupe, and Martínez-Ramos, Miguel

Abstract

Abandonment of agricultural lands promotes the global expansion of secondary forests, which are critical for preserving biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Such roles largely depend, however, on two essential successional attributes, trajectory and recovery rate, which are expected to depend on landscape-scale forest cover in nonlinear ways. Using a multi-scale approach and a large vegetation dataset (843 plots, 3511 tree species) from 22 secondary forest chronosequences distributed across the Neotropics, we show that successional trajectories of woody plant species richness, stem density and basal area are less predictable in landscapes (4 km radius) with intermediate (40–60%) forest cover than in landscapes with high (greater than 60%) forest cover. This supports theory suggesting that high spatial and environmental heterogeneity in intermediately deforested landscapes can increase the variation of key ecological factors for forest recovery (e.g. seed dispersal and seedling recruitment), increasing the uncertainty of successional trajectories. Regarding the recovery rate, only species richness is positively related to forest cover in relatively small (1 km radius) landscapes. These findings highlight the importance of using a spatially explicit landscape approach in restoration initiatives and suggest that these initiatives can be more effective in more forested landscapes, especially if implemented across spatial extents of 1–4 km radius.

Published
2023

43. Successional theories

Author

Poorter, Lourens, Amissah, Lucy, Bongers, Frans, Hordijk, Iris, Kok, Jazz, Laurance, Susan G.W., Lohbeck, Madelon, Martínez‐Ramos, Miguel, Matsuo, Tomonari, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Peña‐Claros, Marielos, van der Sande, Masha T., Poorter, Lourens, Amissah, Lucy, Bongers, Frans, Hordijk, Iris, Kok, Jazz, Laurance, Susan G.W., Lohbeck, Madelon, Martínez‐Ramos, Miguel, Matsuo, Tomonari, Meave, Jorge A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Peña‐Claros, Marielos, and van der Sande, Masha T.

Abstract

Succession is a fundamental concept in ecology because it indicates how species populations, communities, and ecosystems change over time on new substrate or after a disturbance. A mechanistic understanding of succession is needed to predict how ecosystems will respond to land-use change and to design effective ecosystem restoration strategies. Yet, despite a century of conceptual advances a comprehensive successional theory is lacking. Here we provide an overview of 19 successional theories (‘models’) and their key points, group them based on conceptual similarity, explain conceptual development in successional ideas and provide suggestions how to move forward.Four groups of models can be recognised. The first group (patch & plants) focuses on plants at the patch level and consists of three subgroups that originated in the early 20th century. One subgroup focuses on the processes (dispersal, establishment, and performance) that operate sequentially during succession. Another subgroup emphasises individualistic species responses during succession, and how this is driven by species traits. A last subgroup focuses on how vegetation structure and underlying demographic processes change during succession. A second group of models (ecosystems) provides a more holistic view of succession by considering the ecosystem, its biota, interactions, diversity, and ecosystem structure and processes. The third group (landscape) considers a larger spatial scale and includes the effect of the surrounding landscape matrix on succession as the distance to neighbouring vegetation patches determines the potential for seed dispersal, and the quality of the neighbouring patches determines the abundance and composition of seed sources and biotic dispersal vectors. A fourth group (socio-ecological systems) includes the human component by focusing on socio-ecological systems where management practices have long-lasting legacies on successional pathways and where regrowing vegetations deliver

Published
2023

46. Transplanting naturally regenerated tree seedlings for tropical forest restoration: a case study of Calophyllum brasiliense and Vochysia guatemalensis in Mexico.

Author

Prieto‐Rodao, Elena, Ricker, Martin, and Martínez‐Ramos, Miguel

Subjects
FOREST restoration, TREE seedlings, TROPICAL forests, SECONDARY forests, PLANT species, SEEDLINGS
Abstract

Plant species produce far more seedlings than those surviving to adulthood. It would seem reasonable to take advantage of that excess production, by relocating seedlings to desired restoration sites. There is, however, little information available on this issue. In the present study, we collected naturally regenerated seedlings of two native species, Calophyllum brasiliense ("barí") and Vochysia guatemalensis ("corpo"), in old‐growth forest patches, and transplanted them for the enrichment of a secondary tropical forest in Veracruz, Mexico. For transplanted C. brasiliense seedlings, overall survival was 32% after 20 months, and for V. guatemalensis seedlings it was 66% after 26 months. The mean height (±standard error) of all C. brasiliense and V. guatemalensis seedlings that survived until the end of the study, was 33 ± 2 cm (from initially 12.9 ± 0.2 cm) and 52 ± 5 cm (from 4.6 ± 0.1 cm), respectively. We applied a cost–benefit model to assess the trade‐off between initial‐investment costs and the resulting survival of transplanting naturally regenerated seedlings in the current study, in comparison with direct seeding (with and without the protection of seeds and emerged seedlings) reported in a previous study for the same area and species. For C. brasiliense, the success of transplanting naturally regenerated seedlings was always inferior to direct seeding without protection, whereas for V. guatemalensis it was always superior. Comparing the transplantation of naturally regenerated seedlings with direct seeding with protection, the best propagation strategy depended on the (monetary) value that a treelet is expected to be worth after 2 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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48. Landscape-scale forest cover drives the predictability of forest regeneration across the Neotropics

Author

Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, primary, Rito, Kátia F., additional, Farfán, Michelle, additional, Navia, Iván C., additional, Mora, Francisco, additional, Arreola-Villa, Felipe, additional, Balvanera, Patricia, additional, Bongers, Frans, additional, Castellanos-Castro, Carolina, additional, Catharino, Eduardo L. M., additional, Chazdon, Robin L., additional, Dupuy-Rada, Juan M., additional, Ferguson, Bruce G., additional, Foster, Paul F., additional, González-Valdivia, Noel, additional, Griffith, Daniel M., additional, Hernández-Stefanoni, José L., additional, Jakovac, Catarina C., additional, Junqueira, André B., additional, Jong, Bernardus H. J., additional, Letcher, Susan G., additional, May-Pat, Filogonio, additional, Meave, Jorge A., additional, Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, additional, Meirelles, Gabriela S., additional, Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A., additional, Muñoz, Rodrigo, additional, Powers, Jennifer S., additional, Rocha, Gustavo P. E., additional, Rosário, Ricardo P. G., additional, Santos, Bráulio A., additional, Simon, Marcelo F., additional, Tabarelli, Marcelo, additional, Tun-Dzul, Fernando, additional, van den Berg, Eduardo, additional, Vieira, Daniel L. M., additional, Williams-Linera, Guadalupe, additional, and Martínez-Ramos, Miguel, additional

Published
2023
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50. Appendix S1 ;Table S1;Table S2;Table S3;Table S4 from Landscape-scale forest cover drives the predictability of forest regeneration across the Neotropics

Author

Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Rito, Kátia F., Farfán, Michelle, Navía, Iván C., Mora, Francisco, Arreola-Villa, Felipe, Balvanera, Patricia, Bongers, Frans, Castellanos-Castro, Carolina, Catharino, Eduardo L. M., Chazdon, Robin L., Dupuy-Rada, Juan M., Ferguson, Bruce G., Foster, Paul F., González-Valdivia, Noel, Griffith, Daniel M., Hernández-Stefanoni, José L., Jakovac, Catarina C., Junqueira, André B., Jong, Bernardus H. J., Letcher, Susan G., May-Pat, Filogonio, Meave, Jorge A., Ochoa-Gaona, Susana, Meirelles, Gabriela S., Muñiz-Castro, Miguel A., Muñoz, Rodrigo, Powers, Jennifer S., Rocha, Gustavo P. E., Rosário, Ricardo P. G., Santos, Bráulio A., Simon, Marcelo F., Tabarelli, Marcelo, Tun-Dzul, Fernando, van den Berg, Eduardo, Vieira, Daniel L. M., Williams-Linera, Guadalupe, and Martínez-Ramos, Miguel

Abstract

Precipitation information ;Metadata of the 22 databases analyzed in our study. Stem inclusion criterion refers to the diameter at breast height (dbh), except for data from Vieira et al., who used height values. The data used in the analysis from Chazdon and Griffith et al. are for repeated measures over three years, given the small number of plots (n = 6). For these databases, the age range in the chronosequences corresponds to the variation in the last year sampled. S. G. Letcher database include some plots studied by R. L. Chazdon. ;Effect of precipitation on the predictability of successional trajectories. Predictability was measured as the goodness-of-fit (R²adj) of the relationship between each vegetation attribute and forest stand age. ;Effect of precipitation, minimum stem diameter, and plot size on the recovery rate of species richness, density of individuals and basal area along secondary succession. We estimated recovery rate through the equation: [(15 years predicted value – 20 years predicted value)/5], where 5 corresponds to the age interval in years. The predicted values for the fixed age of 15 and 20 years were obtained from the relationship between each vegetation attribute and forest stand age, using generalized additive models.;Effect of landscape forest cover on the predictability of successional trajectories considering differently sized concentric landscapes (i.e. buffers of 1 to 10-km radius, at 1 km intervals). Predictability was measured as the goodness-of-fit (R²adj) of the relationship between each vegetation attribute and forest stand age using generalized additive models. Because the deviance explained by the models was highest when considering landscapes of 4-km radius for all vegetation attributes (in bold), this landscape radius was selected as the scale of forest cover effect (Jackson & Fahrig 2015).

Published
2023
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