Search

The final authenticated version is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-023-06161-0, LIFE BAETULO (www.life-baetulo.eu) is a European pilot project funded by the EU LIFE Climate Action programme, coordinated by AQUATEC (AGBAR Group) and with a duration of 2.5 years (from July 2020 to December 2022). The main project solution (an integrated early warning system, IEWS) is implemented as a technical and adaptive means to reduce exposure and vulnerability of urban assets and citizens to climate change. IEWS considers major climate change-induced hazards such as floods, combined sewer overflows, storm surges, heatwaves, cold waves, snowfalls, windstorms, air pollution and forest fires. The IEWS platform is built on top of existing infrastructure such as meteorological and weather services, drainage infrastructure monitoring systems and official information channels. It is a multi-risk approach, in contrast with classic sectorial solutions which focus on just one hazard at a time. This paper describes the objectives of the project, the architecture of the IEWS, the methodology used for its validation and the expected results and benefits for the city of Badalona., The LIFE BAETULO project has received funding from the LIFE Program of the European Union under grant agreement (CCA/ES/001180-LIFE BAETULO)., LIFE BAETULO project has received funding from the LIFE Program of the European Union under grant agreement (CCA/ES/001180-LIFE BAETULO)., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

LIFE BAETULO (www.life-BAETULO.eu) ha sido un proyecto piloto de adaptación al cambio climático liderado por AQUATEC y con presupuesto de 1.2 millones de euros, financiado por la Comisión Europea en el marco del programa LIFE Climate Action. El objetivo del proyecto ha sido el desarrollo y la implementación de un sistema de Alerta Temprana Integral Multirriesgo en la ciudad de Badalona para reducir la exposición y la vulnerabilidad de los ciudadanos frente a los eventos climáticos. La duración de LIFE BAETULO ha sido de dos años y medio (Julio 2020- Diciembre 2022). Tanto la fase de desarrollo como de implementación han contado con la participación de diferentes entidades como el Ayuntamiento de Badalona, el Área Metropolitana de Barcelona y Aigües de Barcelona, también socios del proyecto. Los principales peligros climáticos que permite gestionar el sistema de alerta integral son las inundaciones pluviales urbanas, los desbordamientos del sistema de saneamiento (DSS) (estas dos amenazas principalmente tratadas en este artículo), los temporales marítimos, las olas de calor y de frío, las nevadas, los temporales de viento, los incendios forestales y los episodios de contaminación atmosférica. El proyecto ha proporcionado un sistema capaz de detectar de manera temprana dichos eventuales peligros climáticos y ayudar en la gestión de eventos de crisis asociados a su ocurrencia. Como colofón al proyecto se ha desarrollado también una aplicación móvil como canal de comunicación del sistema con la ciudadanía, operadores y otros actores locales involucrados. BAETULO adopta un enfoque multirriesgo, en contraste con las soluciones sectoriales clásicas que se enfocan en un solo peligro a la vez. Este artículo describe los objetivos del proyecto, la arquitectura de la solución, la metodología de validación y los beneficios para la ciudad de Badalona., El Proyecto LIFE BAETULO se ha llevado a cabo gracias a la financiación del programa LIFE Climate Action LIFE19 CCA/ES/001180-LIFE BAETULO., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

LIFE BAETULO (www.life-baetulo.eu) es un proyecto piloto europeo cofinanciado por el programa LIFE Climate Action de 2 años y medio de duración (Julio 2020-Diciembre 2022) coordinado por Aquatec en el que, un Sistema Alerta Temprana Integral (y multirriesgo), es aplicado en la ciudad de Badalona (España) con el objetivo de reducir la exposición y vulnerabilidad de los ciudadanos y bienes urbanos a los peligros derivados del clima, proporcionando información y alertas anticipadas que permiten tomar acciones preventivas y correctivas para minimizar los impactos y daños directos e indirectos derivados de los episodios de clima extremo. La presente comunicación describe los objetivos del proyecto, la arquitectura del Sistema de Alerta Integral (SATI) implementado en Badalona y los resultados y beneficios obtenidos., Postprint (published version)

Los Sistemas Urbanos de Drenaje Sostenible (SUDS) suponen una alternativa válida para dar solución a diversos problemas del drenaje urbano. Su aplicación, generalmente de carácter puntual, es limitada y puede no ser efectiva para dar solución al previsible incremento de las intensidades máximas de precipitación asociadas al Cambio Climático. El presente estudio analiza, en situación actual y con proyecciones del Cambio Climático, los potenciales beneficios de aplicar pavimento permeable en carriles bici, convirtiéndose en elementos de captación lineal, continua y difusa (“SUDS-lineales”). Mediante el uso de un modelo numérico hidráulico-hidrológico acoplado que incorpora la capacidad de infiltración de un pavimento permeable, y tomando como ejemplo dos zonas de la ciudad de Barcelona con distinta peligrosidad por inundaciones pluviales, se evaluó el comportamiento global de los SUDS-lineales considerando escenarios de precipitación actual y los potenciales efectos del Cambio Climático. Los resultados numéricos mostraron una reducción potencial del 90% de la escorrentía., El presente trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto “Avaluació de SUDS-lineals per reduir el risc d’inundació amb horitzons de Canvi Climàtic” (20S06841-001), cofinanciado por el programa Subvencions pel Clima del Ajuntament de Barcelona., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

LIFE BAETULO (www.life-baetulo.eu) is a European pilot project funded by the LIFE Climate Action programme of the European Union with 2.5 years duration (from July 2020 to December 2022) and coordinated by AQUATEC (Agbar group). The project aims to implement an integrated and multi-risk early warning system as a technological and adaptation measure to decrease the exposure and vulnerability of citizens and urban assets to the climate change derived hazards including flooding, combined sewer overflows (CSOs), storm surges, heatwaves, cold waves, snowfalls, windstorms, episodes of high air pollution and forest fires. The platform is built on top of existing infrastructures such as meteorological and weather services, drainage infrastructure surveillance system and official information channels. This paper describes the objectives of the project, the architecture of the Integrated Early Warning System (IEWS) implemented in Badalona, the methodology used for its implementation and validation and an anticipation of the expected results and benefits., Postprint (published version)

LIFE BAETULO (www.life-baetulo.eu) es un proyecto piloto europeo financiado por el programa LIFE Climate Action de 2 años y medio de duración (Julio 2020-Diciembre 2022) coordinado por Aquatec (grupo Agbar). En LIFE BAETULO, se aplica por primera vez en una ciudad, en este caso en Badalona (España), una tecnología innovadora para la adaptación urbana al cambio climático. Se trata de un Sistema Alerta Temprana Integral (y multirriesgo) que tiene por objetivo la anticipación y gestión operativa de eventos climáticos que permita reducir la exposición y vulnerabilidad de los ciudadanos y bienes urbanos a los peligros derivados del cambio climático, proporcionando información y alertas anticipadas que permitan tomar acciones preventivas y correctivas para minimizar los impactos y daños directos e indirectos derivados de estos episodios de clima extremo incluyendo: inundaciones urbanas, descargas del sistema de saneamiento (DSS), temporales marítimos, olas de calor, olas de frío, nevadas, tormentas de viento, incendios y episodios de contaminación atmosférica. El presente artículo describe los objetivos del proyecto, la arquitectura del Sistema de Alerta Integral (SATI) implementado en Badalona, la metodología utilizada para su implementación y validación y una anticipación de resultados y beneficios esperados., El Proyecto LIFE BAETULO se está llevando a cabo gracias a la financiación del programa LIFE Cli- mate Action LIFE19 CCA/ES/001180-LIFE BAETULO., Postprint (published version)

A control-oriented quality modeling approach is proposed for sewer networks, which can represent quality dynamics using simple equations in order to optimize pollution load from combined sewer overflows in large scale sewer network in real time. Total suspended solid has been selected as the quality indicator, regarding it is easy to be estimated through measuring turbidity and correlated with other quality indicators. The model equations are independent for different elements in sewer network, which allows a scalable usage. In order to ensure accuracy of the proposed models, a calibration procedure and a sensitivity analysis have been presented using data generated by virtual reality simulation. Afterwards, a quality-based model predictive control has been developed based on the proposed models. To validate effectiveness and efficiency of the modelling and optimization approaches, a pilot case, based on the Badalona sewer network in Spain is used. Application results under different scenarios show that the control-oriented modelling approach works properly to cope with quality dynamics in sewers. The quality-based optimization approach can provide strategies in reducing pollution loads in real time., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

This paper presents a complete methodology for the development of an integrated software architecture, which can achieve a closed-loop application between the integrated real-time control (RTC) and a virtual reality simulation for the urban drainage system (UDS). Quality measurements are considered during the simulation and optimization process. Model predictive control (MPC) and rule-based control (RBC) are the two main RTC methods embedded in this architecture. The proposed integration environment allows the different software components to efficiently and effectively communicate and work in a system-wide way, as well as to execute all the necessary steps regarding input parameter management, scenario configuration and results extraction. The proposed approaches are implemented into a pilot based on the Badalona UDS (Spain). Results from different scenarios with individual control approaches and rain episodes are evaluated and discussed., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) affect bathing water quality of receiving water bodies by bacterial pollution. The aim of this study is to assess the health hazard of bathing waters affected by CSOs. This is useful for bathing water managers, for risk assessment purposes, and for further impact and economic assessments. Pollutant hazard was evaluated based on two novel indicators proposed in this study: the mean duration of insufficient bathing water quality (1) over a period of time (i.e., several years) and (2) after single CSO/rain events. In particular, a novel correlation between the duration of seawater pollution and the event rainfall volume was developed. Pollutant hazard was assessed through a coupled urban drainage and seawater quality model that was developed, calibrated and validated based on local observations. Furthermore, hazard assessment was based on a novel statistical analysis of continuous simulations over a 9-year period using the coupled model. Finally, a validation of the estimated hazard is also shown. The health hazard was evaluated for the case study of Badalona (Spain) even though the methodology presented can be considered generally applicable to other urban areas and related receiving bathing water bodies. The case study presented is part of the EU-funded H2020 project BINGO (Bringing INnovation to OnGOing water management – a better future under climate change)., This study was conducted as part of the BINGO European H2020 project (http://www.projectbingo.eu/, last access: 1 April 2020). The authors thank the Municipality of Badalona and particularly Antonio Gerez Angulo, Maria Luisa Forcadell Berenguer, Gregori Muñoz-Ramos Trayter and Josep Anton Montes Carretero for their valuable contributions. Also, the authors wish to thank the LIFE EFFIDRAIN project (LIFE14 ENV/ES/000860, http://www.life-effidrain.eu/, last access: 1 April 2020) for sharing data. This research has been supported by the BINGO European H2020 project (grant no. 641739)., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Green infrastructure (GI) contributes to improve urban drainage and also has other societal and environmental benefits that grey infrastructure usually does not have. Economic assessment for urban drainage planning and decision making often focuses on flood criteria. This study presents an economic assessment of GI based on a conventional cost-benefit analysis (CBA) that includes several benefits related to urban drainage (floods, combined sewer overflows and waste water treatment), environmental impacts (receiving water bodies) and additional societal and environmental benefits associated with GI (air quality improvements, aesthetic values, etc.). Benefits from flood damage reduction are monetized based on the widely used concept of Expected Annual Damage (EAD) that was calculated using a 1D/2D urban drainage model together with design storms and a damage model based on tailored flood depth–damage curves. Benefits from Combined Sewer Overflows (CSO) damage reduction were monetized using a 1D urban drainage model with continuous rainfall simulations and prices per cubic meter of spilled combined sewage water estimated from literature; other societal benefits were estimated using unit prices also estimated from literature. This economic assessment was applied to two different case studies: the Spanish cities of Barcelona and Badalona. The results are useful for decision making and also underline the relevancy of including not only flood damages in CBA of GI., This research was funded by the BINGO European H2020 project, Grant Agreement No.641739 and the RESCCUE European H2020 project, Grant Agreement No. 700174. The authors thank AMB, BCASA and the Municipalities of Badalona and Barcelona for their collaboration., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

© 2020. Elsevier, An integrated pollution-based real-time control (RTC) approach is proposed for a sewer network (SN) integrated with wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in a sanitation system (SS) to mitigate the impacts of pollution from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) on ecosystems. To obtain the optimal solution for the SS while considering both quantity and quality dynamics for multiple objectives, model predictive control (MPC) is selected as the optimal control method. To integrate SN and WWTP management, a feedback coordination algorithm is developed. A closed-loop virtual-reality simulator is used to assess the results of the optimal management approach achieved by applying MPC. The Badalona SS (Spain) provides a pilot case study to assess the efficacy and applicability of the proposed approach. A comparison with local rule-based and volume-based control strategies currently in use indicates that the proposed integrated pollution-based RTC approach can reduce the pollutant loads released to the receiving environment., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Pluvial flooding in Badalona (Spain) occurs during high rainfall intensity events, which in the future could be more frequent according to the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In this context, the present study aims at quantifying the potential impacts of climate change for the city of Badalona. A comprehensive pluvial flood multi risk assessment has been carried out for the entire municipality. The assessment has a twofold target: People safety, based on both pedestrians’ and vehicles’ stability, and impacts on the economic sector in terms of direct damages on properties and vehicles, and indirect damages due to businesses interruption. Risks and damages have also been assessed for the projected future rainfall conditions which enabled the comparison with the current ones, thereby estimating their potential increment. Moreover, the obtained results should be the first step to assess the efficiency of adaptation measures. The novelty of this paper is the integration of a detailed 1D/2D urban drainage model with multiple risk criteria. Although, the proposed methodology was tested for the case study of Badalona (Spain), it can be considered generally applicable to other urban areas affected by pluvial flooding., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Las ciudades del área mediterránea española, que ya están experimentando inundaciones y sequías como consecuencia del cambio climático, deben adaptar sus planes del ciclo urbano del agua con medidas eficientes y sostenibles, como la construcción de parques inundables y depósitos pluviales o el impulso de sistemas terciarios y cuaternarios de depuración.