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23 results on '"Marsili, Valentina"'

6. Intermittent Water Supply System Rehabilitation through a Multiphase Methodology Based on Network Analysis and Hydraulic Modeling.

Author

Marsili, Valentina, Mazzoni, Filippo, Marzola, Irene, Alvisi, Stefano, and Franchini, Marco

Subjects
*HYDRAULIC models, *WATER supply, *REHABILITATION, *WATER shortages, *WATER distribution
Abstract

Intermittent water distribution systems supply over a billion people worldwide, a number expected to increase due to water scarcity, population growth, and urbanization. This study proposes a multiphase methodology for the definition of strategies (i.e., investments and controls) for the rehabilitation of complex intermittent systems over multiple-year periods. The multiphase methodology was developed in the context of the Battle of Intermittent Water Supply (BIWS) and is based on the use of EPANET 2.2 software for hydraulic modeling in combination with MATLAB version 2019a programming software. First, the hydraulic analysis of the deteriorated network is conducted to localize its main vulnerabilities. Second, multiple intervention strategies for network initial layout and subsequent rehabilitation (i.e., control modifications and investments) are identified considering different subsets of decision variables in turn. The effectiveness of each defined rehabilitation strategy is then quantified by means of a group of indicators reflecting the multiobjective nature of the problem. Finally, the best solution among all the defined rehabilitation strategies is identified and iteratively revised in order to further enhance its effectiveness on the deteriorated system. The application of the proposed rehabilitation method to the realistic and complex water distribution network considered as a case study in the BIWS—consisting of nearly 3,000 nodes—allowed obtaining an effective intervention solution for the reduction in the critical issues related to the system, ensuring 97% of users would be continuously supplied at the end of the rehabilitation period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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15. Experimental analysis of the water consumption effect on the dynamic behaviour of a real pipe network.

Author

Marsili, Valentina, Meniconi, Silvia, Alvisi, Stefano, Brunone, Bruno, and Franchini, Marco

Subjects
*WATER consumption, *WATER analysis, *PRESSURE measurement, *DYNAMICAL systems, *BEHAVIORAL assessment, *PIPE, *WATER distribution
Abstract

This paper presents the results of the monitoring and analysis of the dynamic behaviour of the Gorino Ferrarese (Ferrara, Italy) water distribution system. The network is subjected to ordinary operational conditions, (i.e. no manoeuvres on pumps or valves are considered), the aim being to show that user demand may generate frequent and not negligible pressure variations. Pressure and discharge were monitored for two days in different sections of the network. The dynamic behaviour of the system is then characterized by analysing the pressure changes at the measurement sections in the time and frequency domains. Such analyses highlight that pressure signals are characterized by long-term changes (low-frequency) on which shorter period (high-frequency) ones overlap. Long-term oscillations show a similar trend at all measurement sections and are characterized by certain dominant frequencies, linked to the topological and mechanical characteristics of the network. Instead, high-frequency pressure fluctuations related to user activity vary in amplitude both spatially and temporally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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18. Rasd2 Modulates Prefronto-Striatal Phenotypes in Humans and 'Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors' in Mice.

Author

UCL - SSH/IACS - Institute of Analysis of Change in Contemporary and Historical Societies, Vitucci, Daniela, Di Giorgio, Annabella, Napolitano, Francesco, Pelosi, Barbara, Blasi, Giuseppe, Errico, Francesco, Attrotto, Maria Teresa, Gelao, Barbara, Fazio, Leonardo, Taurisano, Paolo, Di Maio, Anna, Marsili, Valentina, Pasqualetti, Massimo, Bertolino, Alessandro, Usiello, Alessandro, UCL - SSH/IACS - Institute of Analysis of Change in Contemporary and Historical Societies, Vitucci, Daniela, Di Giorgio, Annabella, Napolitano, Francesco, Pelosi, Barbara, Blasi, Giuseppe, Errico, Francesco, Attrotto, Maria Teresa, Gelao, Barbara, Fazio, Leonardo, Taurisano, Paolo, Di Maio, Anna, Marsili, Valentina, Pasqualetti, Massimo, Bertolino, Alessandro, and Usiello, Alessandro

Abstract

Rasd2 is a thyroid hormone target gene, which encodes for a GTP-binding protein enriched in the striatum where, among other functions, it modulates dopaminergic neurotransmission. Here we report that human RASD2 mRNA is abundant in putamen, but it also occurs in the cerebral cortex, with a distinctive expression pattern that differs from that present in rodents. Consistent with its localization, we found that a genetic variation in RASD2 (rs6518956) affects postmortem prefrontal mRNA expression in healthy humans and is associated with phenotypes of relevance to schizophrenia, including prefrontal and striatal grey matter volume and physiology during working memory, as measured with magnetic resonance imaging. Interestingly, quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that RASD2 mRNA is slightly reduced in postmortem prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. In the attempt to uncover the neurobiological substrates associated with Rasd2 activity, we used knockout mice to analyze the in vivo influence of this G-protein on the prepulse inhibition of the startle response and psychotomimetic drug-related behavioral response. Data showed that Rasd2 mutants display deficits in basal prepulse inhibition that, in turn, exacerbate gating disruption under psychotomimetic drug challenge. Furthermore, we documented that lack of Rasd2 strikingly enhances the behavioral sensitivity to motor stimulation elicited by amphetamine and phencyclidine. Based on animal model data, along with the finding that RASD2 influences prefronto-striatal phenotypes in healthy humans, we suggest that genetic mutation or reduced levels of this G-protein might have a role in cerebral circuitry dysfunction underpinning exaggerated psychotomimetic drugs responses and development of specific biological phenotypes linked to schizophrenia.

Published
2016

19. Rasd2 Modulates Prefronto-Striatal Phenotypes in Humans and ‘Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors’ in Mice

Author

Vitucci, Daniela, primary, Di Giorgio, Annabella, additional, Napolitano, Francesco, additional, Pelosi, Barbara, additional, Blasi, Giuseppe, additional, Errico, Francesco, additional, Attrotto, Maria Teresa, additional, Gelao, Barbara, additional, Fazio, Leonardo, additional, Taurisano, Paolo, additional, Di Maio, Anna, additional, Marsili, Valentina, additional, Pasqualetti, Massimo, additional, Bertolino, Alessandro, additional, and Usiello, Alessandro, additional

Published
2015
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20. A2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonism Enhances Synaptic and Motor Effects of Cocaine via CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor Activation

Author

Tozzi, Alessandro, primary, de Iure, Antonio, additional, Marsili, Valentina, additional, Romano, Rosaria, additional, Tantucci, Michela, additional, Di Filippo, Massimiliano, additional, Costa, Cinzia, additional, Napolitano, Francesco, additional, Mercuri, Nicola Biagio, additional, Borsini, Franco, additional, Giampà, Carmen, additional, Fusco, Francesca Romana, additional, Picconi, Barbara, additional, Usiello, Alessandro, additional, and Calabresi, Paolo, additional

Published
2012
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22. Rasd2 Modulates Prefronto-Striatal Phenotypes in Humans and ‘Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors’ in Mice

Author

Vitucci, Daniela, Di Giorgio, Annabella, Napolitano, Francesco, Pelosi, Barbara, Blasi, Giuseppe, Errico, Francesco, Attrotto, Maria Teresa, Gelao, Barbara, Fazio, Leonardo, Taurisano, Paolo, Di Maio, Anna, Marsili, Valentina, Pasqualetti, Massimo, Bertolino, Alessandro, and Usiello, Alessandro

Abstract

Rasd2 is a thyroid hormone target gene, which encodes for a GTP-binding protein enriched in the striatum where, among other functions, it modulates dopaminergic neurotransmission. Here we report that human RASD2 mRNA is abundant in putamen, but it also occurs in the cerebral cortex, with a distinctive expression pattern that differs from that present in rodents. Consistent with its localization, we found that a genetic variation in RASD2 (rs6518956) affects postmortem prefrontal mRNA expression in healthy humans and is associated with phenotypes of relevance to schizophrenia, including prefrontal and striatal grey matter volume and physiology during working memory, as measured with magnetic resonance imaging. Interestingly, quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that RASD2 mRNA is slightly reduced in postmortem prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. In the attempt to uncover the neurobiological substrates associated with Rasd2 activity, we used knockout mice to analyze the in vivo influence of this G-protein on the prepulse inhibition of the startle response and psychotomimetic drug-related behavioral response. Data showed that Rasd2 mutants display deficits in basal prepulse inhibition that, in turn, exacerbate gating disruption under psychotomimetic drug challenge. Furthermore, we documented that lack of Rasd2 strikingly enhances the behavioral sensitivity to motor stimulation elicited by amphetamine and phencyclidine. Based on animal model data, along with the finding that RASD2 influences prefronto-striatal phenotypes in healthy humans, we suggest that genetic mutation or reduced levels of this G-protein might have a role in cerebral circuitry dysfunction underpinning exaggerated psychotomimetic drugs responses and development of specific biological phenotypes linked to schizophrenia.

Published
2016
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23. Rasd2 Modulates Prefronto-Striatal Phenotypes in Humans and ‘Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors’ in Mice

Author

Barbara Gelao, Giuseppe Blasi, Valentina Marsili, Anna Di Maio, Annabella Di Giorgio, Daniela Vitucci, Leonardo Fazio, Francesco Errico, Alessandro Usiello, Maria Teresa Attrotto, Francesco Napolitano, Alessandro Bertolino, Barbara Pelosi, Paolo Taurisano, Massimo Pasqualetti, Vitucci, Daniela, Di Giorgio, Annabella, Napolitano, Francesco, Pelosi, Barbara, Blasi, Giuseppe, Errico, Francesco, Attrotto, Maria Teresa, Gelao, Barbara, Fazio, Leonardo, Taurisano, Paolo, Di Maio, Anna, Marsili, Valentina, Pasqualetti, Massimo, Bertolino, Alessandro, Usiello, Alessandro, Vitucci, D, Di Giorgio, A, Napolitano, F, Pelosi, B, Blasi, G, Errico, F, Attrotto, Mt, Gelao, B, Fazio, L, Taurisano, P, Di Maio, A, Marsili, V, Pasqualetti, M, and Bertolino, A

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Startle response, Adolescent, Psychotomimetic drug, Prefrontal Cortex, Striatum, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, GTP-Binding Proteins, medicine, Animals, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Prefrontal cortex, Prepulse inhibition, Mice, Knockout, Pharmacology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Putamen, Middle Aged, Psychotomimetic, Corpus Striatum, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Psychiatry and Mental health, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebral cortex, Schizophrenia, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Original Article, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract

Rasd2 is a thyroid hormone target gene, which encodes for a GTP-binding protein enriched in the striatum where, among other functions, it modulates dopaminergic neurotransmission. Here we report that human RASD2 mRNA is abundant in putamen, but it also occurs in the cerebral cortex, with a distinctive expression pattern that differs from that present in rodents. Consistent with its localization, we found that a genetic variation in RASD2 (rs6518956) affects postmortem prefrontal mRNA expression in healthy humans and is associated with phenotypes of relevance to schizophrenia, including prefrontal and striatal grey matter volume and physiology during working memory, as measured with magnetic resonance imaging. Interestingly, quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated that RASD2 mRNA is slightly reduced in postmortem prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia. In the attempt to uncover the neurobiological substrates associated with Rasd2 activity, we used knockout mice to analyze the in vivo influence of this G-protein on the prepulse inhibition of the startle response and psychotomimetic drug-related behavioral response. Data showed that Rasd2 mutants display deficits in basal prepulse inhibition that, in turn, exacerbate gating disruption under psychotomimetic drug challenge. Furthermore, we documented that lack of Rasd2 strikingly enhances the behavioral sensitivity to motor stimulation elicited by amphetamine and phencyclidine. Based on animal model data, along with the finding that RASD2 influences prefronto-striatal phenotypes in healthy humans, we suggest that genetic mutation or reduced levels of this G-protein might have a role in cerebral circuitry dysfunction underpinning exaggerated psychotomimetic drugs responses and development of specific biological phenotypes linked to schizophrenia.

Published
2015

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