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5. Leveraging Text Messaging and Mobile Technology to Support Pediatric Obesity-Related Behavior Change: A Qualitative Study Using Parent Focus Groups and Interviews

Author

Sharifi, Mona, Dryden, Eileen M, Horan, Christine M, Price, Sarah, Marshall, Richard, Hacker, Karen, Finkelstein, Jonathan A, and Taveras, Elsie M

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundText messaging (short message service, SMS) is a widely accessible and potentially cost-effective medium for encouraging behavior change. Few studies have examined text messaging interventions to influence child health behaviors or explored parental perceptions of mobile technologies to support behavior change among children. ObjectiveOur aim was to examine parental acceptability and preferences for text messaging to support pediatric obesity-related behavior change. MethodsWe conducted focus groups and follow-up interviews with parents of overweight and obese children, aged 6-12 years, seen for “well-child” care in eastern Massachusetts. A professional moderator used a semistructured discussion guide and sample text messages to catalyze group discussions. Seven participants then received 3 weeks of text messages before a follow-up one-on-one telephone interview. All focus groups and interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Using a framework analysis approach, we systematically coded and analyzed group and interview data to identify salient and convergent themes. ResultsWe reached thematic saturation after five focus groups and seven follow-up interviews with a total of 31 parents of diverse race/ethnicity and education levels. Parents were generally enthusiastic about receiving text messages to support healthy behaviors for their children and preferred them to paper or email communication because they are brief and difficult to ignore. Participants anticipated high responsiveness to messaging endorsed by their child’s doctor and indicated they would appreciate messages 2-3 times/week or more as long as content remains relevant. Suggestions for maintaining message relevance included providing specific strategies for implementation and personalizing information. Most felt the negative features of text messaging (eg, limited message size) could be overcome by providing links within messages to other media including email or websites. ConclusionsText messaging is a promising medium for supporting pediatric obesity-related behavior change. Parent perspectives could assist in the design of text-based interventions. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT01565161; http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01565161 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6LSaqFyPP).

Published
2013
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6. eQTLs identify regulatory networks and drivers of variation in the individual response to sepsis

Author

Addison, Jenni, Galley, Helen, Hall, Sally, Roughton, Sian, Taylor, Jane, Tennant, Heather, Webster, Nigel, Guleri, Achyut, Waddington, Natalia, Arawwawala, Dilshan, Durcan, John, Mitchell-Inwang, Christine, Short, Alasdair, Smolen, Susan, Swan, Karen, Williams, Sarah, Errington, Emily, Gordon, Tony, Templeton, Maie, McCauley, Marie, Venatesh, Pyda, Ward, Geraldine, Baudouin, Simon, Grier, Sally, Hall, Elaine, Higham, Charley, Soar, Jasmeet, Brett, Stephen, Kitson, David, Moreno, Juan, Mountford, Laura, Wilson, Robert, Hall, Peter, Hewlett, Jackie, McKechnie, Stuart, Faras-Arraya, Roser, Garrard, Christopher, Hutton, Paula, Millo, Julian, Parsons, Penny, Smiths, Alex, Young, Duncan, Raymode, Parizade, Andreou, Prem, Bowrey, Sarah, Hales, Dawn, Kazembe, Sandra, Rich, Natalie, Roberts, Emma, Thompson, Jonathan, Fletcher, Simon, Glister, Georgina, Rosbergen, Melissa, Cuesta, Jeronimo Moreno, Bion, Julian, Carrera, Ronald, Lees, Sarah, Millar, Joanne, Mitchell, Natalie, Nilson, Annette, Perry, Elsa Jane, Ruel, Sebastian, Wilde, Jude, Willis, Heather, Atkinson, Jane, Brown, Abby, Jacques, Nicola, Kapila, Atul, Prowse, Heather, Bland, Martin, Bullock, Lynne, Harrison, Donna, Krige, Anton, Mills, Gary, Humphreys, John, Armitage, Kelsey, Laha, Shond, Baldwin, Jacqueline, Walsh, Angela, Doherty, Nicola, Drage, Stephen, Ortiz-Ruiz de Gordoa, Laura, Lowes, Sarah, Walsh, Helen, Calder, Verity, Swan, Catherine, Payne, Heather, Higgins, David, Andrews, Sarah, Mappleback, Sarah, Hinds, Charles, Watson, D., McLees, Eleanor, Purdy, Alice, Stotz, Martin, Ochelli-Okpue, Adaeze, Bonner, Stephen, Whitehead, Iain, Hugil, Keith, Goodridge, Victoria, Cawthor, Louisa, Kuper, Martin, Pahary, Sheik, Bellingan, Geoffrey, Marshall, Richard, Montgomery, Hugh, Ryu, Jung Hyun, Bercades, Georgia, Boluda, Susan, Bentley, Andrew, Mccalman, Katie, Jefferies, Fiona, Allcock, Alice, Burnham, Katie, Davenport, Emma, Geoghegan, Cyndi, Knight, Julian, Maugeri, Narelle, Mi, Yuxin, Radhakrishnan, Jayachandran, Burnham, Katie L., Milind, Nikhil, Lee, Wanseon, Kwok, Andrew J., Cano-Gamez, Kiki, Geoghegan, Cyndi G., Zhang, Ping, Soranzo, Nicole, Hinds, Charles J., Knight, Julian C., and Davenport, Emma E.

Published
2024
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8. Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy of AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) Covid-19 Vaccine

Author

Falsey, Ann R, Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E, Hirsch, Ian, Sproule, Stephanie, Robb, Merlin L, Corey, Lawrence, Neuzil, Kathleen M, Hahn, William, Hunt, Julie, Mulligan, Mark J, McEvoy, Charlene, DeJesus, Edwin, Hassman, Michael, Little, Susan J, Pahud, Barbara A, Durbin, Anna, Pickrell, Paul, Daar, Eric S, Bush, Larry, Solis, Joel, Carr, Quito Osuna, Oyedele, Temitope, Buchbinder, Susan, Cowden, Jessica, Vargas, Sergio L, Guerreros Benavides, Alfredo, Call, Robert, Keefer, Michael C, Kirkpatrick, Beth D, Pullman, John, Tong, Tina, Brewinski Isaacs, Margaret, Benkeser, David, Janes, Holly E, Nason, Martha C, Green, Justin A, Kelly, Elizabeth J, Maaske, Jill, Mueller, Nancy, Shoemaker, Kathryn, Takas, Therese, Marshall, Richard P, Pangalos, Menelas N, Villafana, Tonya, and Gonzalez-Lopez, Antonio

Subjects
Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Lung, Patient Safety, Vaccine Related, Prevention, Immunization, Clinical Research, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Antibodies, Viral, COVID-19, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Chile, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Male, Middle Aged, Peru, SARS-CoV-2, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, United States, Vaccine Efficacy, Young Adult, AstraZeneca AZD1222 Clinical Study Group, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundThe safety and efficacy of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine in a large, diverse population at increased risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the United States, Chile, and Peru has not been known.MethodsIn this ongoing, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial, we investigated the safety, vaccine efficacy, and immunogenicity of two doses of AZD1222 as compared with placebo in preventing the onset of symptomatic and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) 15 days or more after the second dose in adults, including older adults, in the United States, Chile, and Peru.ResultsA total of 32,451 participants underwent randomization, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive AZD1222 (21,635 participants) or placebo (10,816 participants). AZD1222 was safe, with low incidences of serious and medically attended adverse events and adverse events of special interest; the incidences were similar to those observed in the placebo group. Solicited local and systemic reactions were generally mild or moderate in both groups. Overall estimated vaccine efficacy was 74.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 65.3 to 80.5; P

Published
2021

17. Development and evaluation of depth estimation from plenoptic imaging for application in retinal imaging

Author

Marshall, Richard James

Subjects
540, QC Physics, QD Chemistry, R Medicine (General)
Abstract

Plenoptic imaging is a technology by which a three dimensional representation of the world can be captured in a single image. Previous research has focused on the technology itself, with very little focusing on applications of the technology. This thesis presents an investigation into its potential application to the field of retinal imaging, with the aim of producing three dimensional images of the retina at a cheaper cost than the current gold standard of retinal imaging, optical coherence tomography. Both a theoretical and practical approach have been utilised through the means of computational simulations and plenoptic imaging through the use of a commercial camera. Significant steps have been taken towards the overall goal, forming a strong foundation from which future projects will benefit.

Published
2018

18. AusLAMP shines a light on space weather hazards in the Australian high-voltage power grid.

Author

Wang, Liejun, Duan, Jingming, Hitchman, Adrian P., Gard, Matthew G., Marshall, Richard A., Lewis, Andrew M., and Jones, William V.

Subjects
MAGNETIC storms, GEOMAGNETISM, WEATHER hazards, SOLAR magnetic fields, SPACE environment, MAGNETOTELLURICS
Abstract

A geomagnetic storm, also known as a geomagnetic disturbance (GMD), is a major disturbance of the Earth's magnetic field caused by solar activity. A geomagnetic storm induces electric currents in the Earth that feed into power lines through substation neutral earthing, causing instabilities and even blackouts in electricity transmission systems. The intensity of geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) is closely associated with the electrical conductivity of the surrounding geology. In this paper, we analyse one of the most well-known geomagnetic storms, the 1989 "Québec storm" and 688 magnetotelluric (MT) survey sites from the Australian Lithospheric Architecture Magnetotelluric Project (AusLAMP) to gain insight into the space weather hazard posed for Australia's modern-day power grids. Transmission lines may exhibit local maxima at differing times depending on their spatial orientation and length with respect to the time-varying magnetic field. Localised peak voltages over 100 V can be observed on some individual lines. This assessment identifies the distribution of GICs in south-eastern Australia for the 1989 Québec storm and transmission lines that are more vulnerable to GICs. It is relevant to national strategies and risk assessment procedures to mitigate space weather hazards in the Australian high-voltage power grid and the design of a more resilient power transmission system. We also analyse the 2015 "St Patrick's Day storm" to study under-estimation of the space weather hazard associated with the band-limited geomagnetic data and MT data sets. Key points The subsurface geology has a great influence on the intensity of geomagnetically induced electric fields, potentially causing up to three orders of magnitude difference between conductive basins and resistive cratonic regions in south-eastern Australia. Analysis using the 1989 "Québec geomagnetic storm" and AusLAMP magnetotelluric data shows the intensity of the geoelectric fields in south-eastern Australia could reach up to 5 [V/km]. Geomagnetically induced voltages in the Australian high-voltage power grid could be in excess of 100 V in some transmission lines for a geomagnetic storm with intensity comparable with the 1989 Québec geomagnetic storm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Clinical quantification of the integrin αvβ6 by [18F]FB-A20FMDV2 positron emission tomography in healthy and fibrotic human lung (PETAL Study)

Author

Lukey, Pauline T., Coello, Christopher, Gunn, Roger, Parker, Christine, Wilson, Frederick J., Saleem, Azeem, Garman, Nadia, Costa, Maria, Kendrick, Stuart, Onega, Mayca, Kang’ombe, Arthur R., Listanco, Allan, Davies, James, Ramada-Magalhaes, Joaquim, Moz, Sara, Fahy, William A., Maher, Toby M., Jenkins, Gisli, Passchier, Jan, and Marshall, Richard P.

Published
2020
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29. The reception of Varro in Late Antiquity

Author

Marshall, Richard M. A.

Subjects
878
Abstract

This thesis studies the reception and transmission of Varro in authors dating from the second century onwards, examining the consequences of Varro's fragmentary survival for our understanding of his works and of the authors in which Varronian material is found. Chapter 1 investigates the influence exercised by Varro's Suetonian biography on our understanding of Varro's oeuvre. Certain misleading testimonia to Varro are shown to depend on judgements recycled from Suetonius rather than attest genuine reactions to Varro's own works. Chapter 2 examines the transmission of Varro's Antiquitatum libri, using novel methodologies based on careful examination of quoting authors' referential formulae to uncover changes in the paratext of Varro' s treatise. Such changes presuppose an evolution in the way the text was conceptualised and read, and demonstrate that our modem editions' presentation of Varro' s fragments fundamentally misrepresents the original work. Chapter 3 takes a diachronic approach to the study of the reception of Varro' s Menippean Satires, chiefly in the archaists and grammarians, and provides a comparative study of Non ius Marcellus and Saint Augustine's knowledge of Varro. Besides Nonius, evidence of direct engagement with the Menippeans is found to be confined to the Severan period and does not antedate Gellius. One of the tangential findings of this study is that the majority of Varronian fragments transmitted by the grammarians are ultimately owed to Pliny's Dubius sermo, and that none of the material in the Vergilian commentary tradition or Corpus grammaticorum Latinorum can be shown to result from direct reading in Varro by the quoting author. Chapter 4 studies material cited from and attributed to Varro's Antiquitatum libri in Aulus Gellius, demonstrating that a range of sources, both Varronian and non-Varronian, contribute to his Varroniana, despite his access to some portions of the original work. His knowledge of Varro is shown to be more restricted than is generally supposed. The conclusion contextualises the above findings in terms of a larger projected study that will utilise the discoveries of this thesis in a wider investigation of the reception and transmission of Varro in Christian authors.

Published
2013

30. Sorensen, vagueness and educational assessment : the significance of vague borderline cases

Author

Marshall, Richard Henry

Subjects
371.26
Abstract

This thesis defends objections derived from current high stakes educational summative assessment arrangements. The objections are derived from considering consequences of the philosophical problem of vagueness. I argue that current arrangements unsuccessfully address the issue of vagueness but have done so fully recognising that vagueness is no trivial threat to assessment practice. The issue stands alongside other issues considered of equal significance to fairness and equality as other key issues addressed in educational assessment literature such as reliability and validity. Vagueness raises peculiar problems about borderlines that are typically understood through consideration of the standard puzzle of vagueness, the sorites. The puzzle asks why, if ten thousand grains of sand make a heap, one grain doesn't? Although deceptively simple and of ancient pedigree, this puzzle has continued to prove difficult to solve and there is no settled account amongst contemporary philosophers as how best to conceptualise the phenomenon. Pressed into service of educational assessment, we can adapt the sorites to ask: 'If 100 marks is a pass, why isn't one mark?' The problem is that wherever one decides to draw a sharp boundary between pass and fail at any particular mark, there seems no justification for not drawing it at just a slightly lower or slightly higher one. Vagueness threatens the system because it provides reasons for thinking that no one should fail. If the puzzle is set up in reverse, it also provides reasons for thinking that no one should pass. I presuppose that any assessment system unable to offer principled rational discriminations of value is incompetent. The sorites carries this threat. My thesis- presses a concern that, because of Cresswell's powerful advocacy of a certain approach to vagueness, the educational assessment community has considered his perspective to be the last word. Unfortunately this is not the case. I draw attention to the fact that there are several options and that different consequences for assessment follow depending on which approach is adopted. I argue that the epistemic approach to the issue solves the problem of vagueness using a classical logic framework used in intrasubjective judgment in science. I argue that Roy Sorensen's epistemic solution to the sorites satisfies best the requirements of an assessment systems' need for similar intrasubjective judgment.

Published
2012

33. An appraisal of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) Initiative

Author

Marshall, Richard, Nixson, Frederick, and Walters, Bernard

Subjects
337, Policy, Economic growth, Inequality
Abstract

In late 1999, the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) jointly launched the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) Initiative, under which low income countries (LICs) would be supported to develop multi-sectoral economic and social development plans. As such, these national PRSs would serve as the effective policy conditionality for concessional lending and the allocation of debt relief. Heralded by many as path breaking, the Initiative refocused attention on the role of the State and identified poverty reduction, as opposed to growth alone, as the primary goal of policy. However, from the outset, PRSs have been controversial. The most trenchant critics have described these plans as merely re-formulated structural adjustment packages. Other, more considered accounts, have questioned whether PRSs’ are capable of overcoming the agency problems inherent to donor-recipient relationships, and their ability to succeed in the weak policy environment typified by most LICs.In spite of the passage of some ten years, a rigorous evaluation of performance has yet to be published. This thesis aims to provide such an appraisal drawing on both quantitative and qualitative evidence. It employs cross-sectional statistical and econometric methods to examine poverty, growth and inequality outcomes based on a specially constructed dataset; and two detailed analytical case studies (for Mongolia and Vietnam) to probe the causal processes.Although some aggregate evidence is found of performance gains (relating to both poverty reduction and growth), these effects are partial and statistically fragile. Moreover, while no direct evidence is found of dis-inflationary policy biases, it is possible to detect a new narrowness within PRS policymaking. This reflects an orthodox policy consensus which favours growth over distributional improvements and places emphasis on a managed liberalization process. Additionally, it proved very difficult to find a causal link been PRS adoption and beneficial outcomes. The case study materials underline the pivotal role played by the IFIs in the design and management of PRSs, and their transitory and limited impact on actual national policy responses. Conclusions support many of the propositions put by the critical literature, and find that PRSs are poorly adapted to local institutional frameworks and neglect national political economies. As a result, their substance and longer term effectiveness is in doubt.

Published
2010

38. An epithelial biomarker signature for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an analysis from the multicentre PROFILE cohort study

Author

Maher, Toby M, Oballa, Eunice, Simpson, Juliet K, Porte, Joanne, Habgood, Anthony, Fahy, William A, Flynn, Aiden, Molyneaux, Philip L, Braybrooke, Rebecca, Divyateja, Hrushikesh, Parfrey, Helen, Rassl, Doris, Russell, Anne-Marie, Saini, Gauri, Renzoni, Elisabetta A, Duggan, Anne-Marie, Hubbard, Richard, Wells, Athol U, Lukey, Pauline T, Marshall, Richard P, and Jenkins, R Gisli

Published
2017
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39. Genetic variants associated with susceptibility to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in people of European ancestry: a genome-wide association study

Author

Allen, Richard J, Porte, Joanne, Braybrooke, Rebecca, Flores, Carlos, Fingerlin, Tasha E, Oldham, Justin M, Guillen-Guio, Beatriz, Ma, Shwu-Fan, Okamoto, Tsukasa, John, Alison E, Obeidat, Ma'en, Yang, Ivana V, Henry, Amanda, Hubbard, Richard B, Navaratnam, Vidya, Saini, Gauri, Thompson, Norma, Booth, Helen L, Hart, Simon P, Hill, Mike R, Hirani, Nik, Maher, Toby M, McAnulty, Robin J, Millar, Ann B, Molyneaux, Philip L, Parfrey, Helen, Rassl, Doris M, Whyte, Moira K B, Fahy, William A, Marshall, Richard P, Oballa, Eunice, Bossé, Yohan, Nickle, David C, Sin, Don D, Timens, Wim, Shrine, Nick, Sayers, Ian, Hall, Ian P, Noth, Imre, Schwartz, David A, Tobin, Martin D, Wain, Louise V, and Jenkins, R Gisli

Published
2017
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42. Translational pharmacology of an inhaled small molecule αvβ6 integrin inhibitor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Author

John, Alison E., Graves, Rebecca H., Pun, K. Tao, Vitulli, Giovanni, Forty, Ellen J., Mercer, Paul F., Morrell, Josie L., Barrett, John W., Rogers, Rebecca F., Hafeji, Maryam, Bibby, Lloyd I., Gower, Elaine, Morrison, Valerie S., Man, Yim, Roper, James A., Luckett, Jeni C., Borthwick, Lee A., Barksby, Ben S., Burgoyne, Rachel A., Barnes, Rory, Le, Joelle, Flint, David J., Pyne, Susan, Habgood, Anthony, Organ, Louise A., Joseph, Chitra, Edwards-Pritchard, Rochelle C., Maher, Toby M., Fisher, Andrew J., Gudmann, Natasja Stæhr, Leeming, Diana J., Chambers, Rachel C., Lukey, Pauline T., Marshall, Richard P., Macdonald, Simon J. F., Jenkins, R. Gisli, and Slack, Robert J.

Published
2020
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43. Author Correction: The mTORC1/4E-BP1 axis represents a critical signaling node during fibrogenesis

Author

Woodcock, Hannah V., Eley, Jessica D., Guillotin, Delphine, Platé, Manuela, Nanthakumar, Carmel B., Martufi, Matteo, Peace, Simon, Joberty, Gerard, Poeckel, Daniel, Good, Robert B., Taylor, Adam R., Zinn, Nico, Redding, Matthew, Forty, Ellen J., Hynds, Robert E., Swanton, Charles, Karsdal, Morten, Maher, Toby M., Fisher, Andrew, Bergamini, Giovanna, Marshall, Richard P., Blanchard, Andy D., Mercer, Paul F., and Chambers, Rachel C.

Published
2020
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48. Hyper-heuristic Operator Selection and Acceptance Criteria

Author

Marshall, Richard J., Johnston, Mark, Zhang, Mengjie, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Ochoa, Gabriela, editor, and Chicano, Francisco, editor

Published
2015
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50. The ionospheric effects of the 2022 Hunga Tonga Volcano eruption and the associated impacts on GPS Precise Point Positioning across the Australian region

Author

Carter, Brett Anthony, primary, Pradipta, Rezy, additional, Dao, Tam, additional, Currie, Julie Louise, additional, Choy, Suelynn, additional, Wilkinson, Philip James, additional, Maher, Phillip Stephen, additional, Marshall, Richard Alexander, additional, Harima, Ken, additional, LeHuy, Minh, additional, Chien, Thang Nguyen, additional, Ha, T. Nguyen, additional, and Harris, Trevor J., additional

Published
2023
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