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Introduction:Split ventilation (usinga single ventilator to ventilate multiple patients)is technically feasible. However, connecting two patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and differing lung mechanics to a single ventilator is concerning. This study aimed to,1) determine functionality of a split ventilation system in benchtop tests 2) determine whether split ventilationwould allow lung protective ventilation similar to conventional ventilation in a porcine model of ARDSand 3) assess usability of a split ventilation system with minimal specific training. Methods:The functionality of a split ventilation system was assessed using test lungs. The usability of the system was assessed in simulated clinical scenarios. The feasibility of the system to provide modified lung protective ventilation was assessed in a porcine model of ARDS (n=30). Results:In bench testing a split ventilation system independently ventilated two test lungs under conditions of varying compliance and resistance. In usability tests, a high proportion of naïve operators could assemble and use the system. In the porcine model, modified lung protective ventilation was feasible with split ventilation and produced similar respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and biomarkers of lung injury when compared to conventional ventilation. Conclusions:Split ventilation can provide lung protective ventilation and is feasible in bench testing and anin vivomodel of ARDS.&nbsp

Post bereavement apparitions (PBA’s) have been reported throughout time and culture. Traditionally, PBA’s are seen as somewhat contentious within the research. Although, newer theories surrounding bereavement focus on individuality and continued bonds PBAs are somewhat stigmatised. Additionally, research that explores the experience of PBAs is limited. To address this an IPA approach was undertaken to provide a detailed, personal and contextual view on the phenomenon and to explore individuals’ personal experiences and their individual interpretations of PBAs. A small homogenous sample of eight individuals was selected and interviewed on the basis of meeting the criteria of having a PBA. After thorough analysis six overarching themes were identified: Initial nature of loss , bonds individuals share within life and thereafter, the absolute certainty and ‘realness’ of the apparition, the endeavour to understand an intricate experience, positive attributes provide by the experience and one’s own view of the external world’s perceptions. Overall, the main significant finding was that PBAs are positive for individuals and provided an important aspect to the individual’s life, as well being experienced as very real regardless of external perceptions. The importance of normalising these experiences has been highlighted. These findings are discussed in relation to previous research and theory. Following on from this reflexivity was presented, as well as strengths and limitations and future research directions within the area.