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The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with myofascial pain treated by means of self-care measures. Fifteen patients with myofascial pain had OHRQoL evaluated by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-TMD) questionnaire and were instructed for self-care measures verbally and with a printed guide in the first consultation (T0), after 30 days (T1) and 60 days (T2). Paired t-test was performed to evaluate changes through time. OHIP-TMD scores were 29.3 (SD 10.2) at T0, 18.9 (SD 11.2) at T1, and 15.9 (SD 10.7) at T2. There was a reduction of scores related to the OHIP-TMD domains of functional limitation, physical pain, psychological and social inability and incapacity (T1 and T2), and psychological discomfort (T2). Self-care measures had positive effects on the myofascial pain treatment, reducing physical pain generated by TMD and improving patients' OHRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) with maxillary atresia. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 27 paediatric patients evaluated through a Brazilian version of the SDSC, answered by their guardians at the following experimental time points: T0 (before installing the Hyrax expander), T1 (on the day of expander stabilization), T2 (3 months after expander stabilization), T3 (immediately after expander removal, following 6 months of retention), and T4 (3 months post‐retention). Multilevel Poisson analysis adjusted for repeated measures was performed to compare outcomes across the assessment time points. Results: The mean age of patients was 9.1 years (SD = 1.46). The total SDSC scores decreased and were statistically significant from T2 onwards (P <.01), with a decrease of 24% at T4 compared with T1 (IRR 0.76; 95% CI 0.69–0.84). The mean scores at T4 were already lower than the cutoff point for risk of sleep disorders. Regarding the specific domains, there was a significant reduction in sleep breathing disorders, sleep–wake transition disorders, and disorders of excessive somnolence as of T2 (P <.01), T3 (P <.05) and T4 (P <.05), respectively. Conclusion: RME in children with maxillary atresia had a positive effect on the reduction of total SDSC scores after 3 months of expander stabilization, sustained over 6 and 9 months and significant reduction in sleep breathing disorders domain, sleep–wake transition disorders domain, and disorders of excessive somnolence domain over time points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To verify whether the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) has adequate sensitivity and specificity to be used in the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Two hundred-sixty-five participants with symptoms of TMDs were assessed through the FAI and through the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and then classified as sick or non-sick. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the FAI in relation to the RDC/TMD were calculated using the STATA 14.0 software. Most of the patients were female, white, without a steady job, and the average age was 37.57 years. The FAI showed high sensitivity (97.21%) but obtained a low specificity (26.00%). The positive and negative predictive values were 84.96% and 68.42%, respectively. The FAI is very sensitive in identifying patients who actually have TMD but not very specific in identifying non-TMD patients, being indicated only for initial screening of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a broad term that describes a group of heterogeneous rheumatologic diseases, mainly characterized by inflammation in the joints of children and young people up to 16 years of age. Its etiology is still not well understood and the diagnosis, essentially clinical, begins with the exclusion of other joint diseases. When the disease affects the temporomandibular joint, diagnosis is a challenge, as many patients are asymptomatic. The objective of this paper is to present a case of JIA with severe involvement of the temporomandibular joint and to discuss the clinical, radiographic, laboratory findings and the importance of early diagnosis. The lack of diagnosis of active arthritis in the temporomandibular joint in patients with JIA can cause irreversible effects such as micrognathia, malocclusion and reduced maximum mouth opening. Early diagnosis of temporomandibular joint involvement in JIA is important and needs to be investigated early in the clinical manifestation of systemic disease. Laboratory tests and clinical history are important to define treatment and prognosis, but not to predict temporomandibular joint arthritis. Imaging exams are important diagnostic tools to identify morphological changes in soft and hard tissues of the temporomandibular joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and psychosocial comorbidities in undergraduate dental students in a southern Brazilian university, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, it aimed to verify the association between psychosocial factors and TMD. Methods: Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), a socioeconomic questionnaire, and questions about academic performance and social distancing were applied. Poisson regression analysis was used to assess the association of predictive variables with TMD. Results: The prevalence of TMD was found to be 82.4%, and more than half of the students had some degree of stress, anxiety, and depression. Students who had symptoms of stress (RR 1.11; 95% CI 1.04-1.19), anxiety (RR 1.19; 95% CI 1.12-1.27) and reported academic performance worsening (RR 1.12; 95% CI 1.07-1.19) had higher TMD scores. Conclusion: The findings suggest that TMD was highly prevalent among dental students at a federal university in southern Brazil during the pandemic, being associated with high levels of stress, anxiety, poor academic performance, and greater social distancing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To compare the effect of a rapid low-level laser therapy (LLLT) protocol to Michigan occlusal splint in the treatment of myofascial pain, as well as to evaluate their impact on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Thirty participants were randomly allocated into three groups: G1: occlusal splint (n = 11), G2: LLLT (n = 10), and G3: LLLT placebo (n = 9). LLLT and placebo were applied in the points of pain upon palpation. G1 presented improvement in pain (p = 0.014) and in the diagnosis of myofascial pain (p = 0.008), while G2 and G3 did not. Regarding OHRQoL, G1 and G2 presented significant improvement (p = 0.005, in both), whereas, G3 did not. Michigan occlusal splint was effective in reducing pain and improving OHRQoL. Treatment with the rapid LLLT protocol only provided an improvement in OHRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the effect of a rapid treatment protocol of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in patients with myofascial pain and mouth opening limitation. Twenty patients were randomly allocated into the laser group (LG) (n = 10) and the placebo group (PG) (n = 10). Two LLLT sessions or placebo were performed. They were applied to the pain points upon palpation, with a 48-hr interval. Patients were evaluated for spontaneous pain sensitivity during mandibular movements and for oral health-related quality of life, which was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile for Temporomandibular Disorders (OHIP/TMD) questionnaire. Two patients from the placebo group were lost during the study. A significant increase in the maximum mouth opening (p = 0.04) and improvement in OHIP/TMD scores (p = 0.003) were observed in the LG after 30 days. Spontaneous pain was reduced in both groups with low-level laser therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]