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1. Observing the crack tip behaviour at the nanoscale during fracture of ceramics

Author

Gavalda-Diaz, Oriol, Emmanuel, Max, Marquardt, Katharina, Saiz, Eduardo, and Giuliani, Finn

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Ultimately, brittle fracture involves breaking atomic bonds. However, we still lack a clear picture of what happens in the highly deformed region around a moving crack tip. Consequently, we still cannot link nano to atomic-scale phenomena with the macroscopic toughness of materials. The unsolved challenge is to observe the movement of the crack front at the nanoscale while extracting quantitative information. Here we address this challenge by monitoring stable crack growth inside a TEM. Our analysis demonstrates how phase transformation toughening, previously thought to be effective at the microscale and above, promotes crack deflection at the nano-level and increases the fracture resistance by ~50%. The work will help to connect the atomistic and continuous view of fracture in a way that can guide the design of the next generation of strong and tough materials demanded by technologies as diverse as healthcare, energy generation or transport.

Published
2024

6. Machine learning using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm predicts 5-day delta of SOFA score at ICU admission in COVID-19 patients

Author

Alfaro-Farias, Mario, Vizmanos-Lamotte, Gerardo, Tschoellitsch, Thomas, Meier, Jens, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernán, Apolo, Janina, Martínez, Alberto, Jurkolow, Geoffrey, Delahaye, Gauthier, Novy, Emmanuel, Losser, Marie-Reine, Wengenmayer, Tobias, Rilinger, Jonathan, Staudacher, Dawid L., David, Sascha, Welte, Tobias, Stahl, Klaus, Pavlos”, “Agios, Aslanidis, Theodoros, Korsos, Anita, Babik, Barna, Nikandish, Reza, Rezoagli, Emanuele, Giacomini, Matteo, Nova, Alice, Fogagnolo, Alberto, Spadaro, Savino, Ceriani, Roberto, Murrone, Martina, Wu, Maddalena A., Cogliati, Chiara, Colombo, Riccardo, Catena, Emanuele, Turrini, Fabrizio, Simonini, Maria Sole, Fabbri, Silvia, Potalivo, Antonella, Facondini, Francesca, Gangitano, Gianfilippo, Perin, Tiziana, Grazia Bocci, Maria, Antonelli, Massimo, Gommers, Diederik, Rodríguez-García, Raquel, Gámez-Zapata, Jorge, Taboada-Fraga, Xiana, Castro, Pedro, Tellez, Adrian, Lander-Azcona, Arantxa, Escós-Orta, Jesús, Martín-Delgado, Maria C., Algaba-Calderon, Angela, Franch-Llasat, Diego, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Lozano-Gómez, Herminia, Zalba-Etayo, Begoña, Michot, Marc P., Klarer, Alexander, Ensner, Rolf, Schott, Peter, Urech, Severin, Zellweger, Nuria, Merki, Lukas, Lambert, Adriana, Laube, Marcus, Jeitziner, Marie M., Jenni-Moser, Beatrice, Wiegand, Jan, Yuen, Bernd, Lienhardt-Nobbe, Barbara, Westphalen, Andrea, Salomon, Petra, Drvaric, Iris, Hillgaertner, Frank, Sieber, Marianne, Dullenkopf, Alexander, Petersen, Lina, Chau, Ivan, Ksouri, Hatem, Sridharan, Govind Oliver, Cereghetti, Sara, Boroli, Filippo, Pugin, Jerome, Grazioli, Serge, Rimensberger, Peter C., Bürkle, Christian, Marrel, Julien, Brenni, Mirko, Fleisch, Isabelle, Lavanchy, Jerome, Perez, Marie-Helene, Ramelet, Anne-Sylvie, Weber, Anja Baltussen, Gerecke, Peter, Christ, Andreas, Ceruti, Samuele, Glotta, Andrea, Marquardt, Katharina, Shaikh, Karim, Hübner, Tobias, Neff, Thomas, Redecker, Hermann, Moret-Bochatay, Mallory, Bentrup, FriederikeMeyer zu, Studhalter, Michael, Stephan, Michael, Brem, Jan, Gehring, Nadine, Selz, Daniela, Naon, Didier, Kleger, Gian-Reto, Pietsch, Urs, Filipovic, Miodrag, Ristic, Anette, Sepulcri, Michael, Heise, Antje, Franchitti Laurent, Marilene, Laurent, Jean-Christophe, Wendel Garcia, Pedro D., Schuepbach, Reto, Heuberger, Dorothea, Bühler, Philipp, Brugger, Silvio, Fodor, Patricia, Locher, Pascal, Camen, Giovanni, Gaspert, Tomislav, Jovic, Marija, Haberthuer, Christoph, Lussman, Roger F., Colak, Elif, Montomoli, Jonathan, Romeo, Luca, Moccia, Sara, Bernardini, Michele, Migliorelli, Lucia, Berardini, Daniele, Donati, Abele, Carsetti, Andrea, Bocci, Maria Grazia, Wendel Garcia, Pedro David, Fumeaux, Thierry, Guerci, Philippe, Schüpbach, Reto Andreas, Ince, Can, Frontoni, Emanuele, and Hilty, Matthias Peter

Published
2021
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11. Prognostic factors associated with mortality risk and disease progression in 639 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Europe: Initial report of the international RISC-19-ICU prospective observational cohort

Author

Alfaro Farias, Mario, Margarit, Antoni, Vizmanos-Lamotte, Gerardo, Tschoellitsch, Thomas, Meier, Jens, Cardona, Francesco S., Skola, Josef, Horakova, Lenka, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernan, Apolo, Janina, Novy, Emmanuel, Losser, Marie-Reine, Jurkolow, Geoffrey, Delahaye, Gauthier, David, Sascha, Welte, Tobias, Wengenmayer, Tobias, Staudacher, Dawid L., Aslanidis, Theodoros, Babik, Barna, Korsos, Anita, Gal, Janos, Csaba, Hermann, Donati, Abele, Carsetti, Andrea, Turrini, Fabrizio, Simonini, Maria Sole, Ceriani, Roberto, Murrone, Martina, Rezoagli, Emanuele, Vitale, Giovanni, Fogagnolo, Alberto, Spadaro, Savino, Wu, Maddalena Alessandra, Cogliati, Chiara, Colombo, Riccardo, Catena, Emanuele, Facondini, Francesca, Potalivo, Antonella, Gangitano, Gianfilippo, Perin, Tiziana, Bocci, Maria Grazia, Antonelli, Massimo, Gommers, Diederik, Ince, Can, Mayor-Vázquez, Eric, Cruz, Maria, Delgado, Martin, Garcia, Raquel Rodriguez, Gamez Zapata, Jorge, Zalba-Etayo, Begoña, Lozano-Gomez, Herminia, Castro, Pedro, Tellez, Adrian, Jacas, Adriana, Muñoz, Guido, Andrea, Rut, Ortiz, Jose, Quintana, Eduard, Rovira, Irene, Reverter, Enric, Fernandez, Javier, Ferrer, Miquel, Badia, Joan R., Lander Azcona, Arantxa, Orta, Jesus Escos, Bühler, Philipp, Brugger, Silvio, Hofmaenner, Daniel, Unseld, Simone, Ruschitzka, Frank, Moret-Bochatay, Mallory, Yuen, Bernd, Hillermann, Thomas, Ksouri, Hatem, Sridharan, Govind Oliver, Ristic, Anette, Sepulcri, Michael, Filipovic, Miodrag, Pietsch, Urs, Salomon, Petra, Drvaric, Iris, Schott, Peter, Urech, Severin, Lambert, Adriana, Merki, Lukas, Laube, Marcus, Hillgaertner, Frank, Sieber, Marianne, Dullenkopf, Alexander, Petersen, Lina, Grazioli, Serge, Rimensberger, Peter C., Fleisch, Isabelle, Lavanchy, Jerome, Marquardt, Katharina, Shaikh, Karim, Redecker, Hermann, Stephan, Michael, Brem, Jan, Rogdo, Bjarte, Birkenmaier, Andre, Meyer zu Bentrup, Friederike, Fodor, Patricia, Locher, Pascal, Camen, Giovanni, Siegemund, Martin, Zellweger, Nuria, Jeitziner, Marie-Madlen, Jenni-Moser, Beatrice, Bürkle, Christian, Kleger, Gian-Reto, Franchitti Laurent, Marilene, Laurent, Jean-Christophe, Gaspert, Tomislav, Jovic, Marija, Studhalter, Michael, Haberthuer, Christoph, Lussman, Roger F., Selz, Daniela, Naon, Didier, Mauri, Romano, Ceruti, Samuele, Marrel, Julien, Brenni, Mirko, Ensner, Rolf, Gehring, Nadine, Heise, Antje, Huebner, Tobias, Neff, Thomas A., Cereghetti, Sara, Boroli, Filippo, Pugin, Jerome, Marczin, Nandor, Wong, Joyce, Wendel Garcia, Pedro David, Fumeaux, Thierry, Guerci, Philippe, Heuberger, Dorothea Monika, Montomoli, Jonathan, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Schuepbach, Reto Andreas, and Hilty, Matthias Peter

Published
2020
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21. Single-Crystal Elasticity of Antigorite at High Pressures and Seismic Detection of Serpentinized Slabs

Author

Satta, Niccolò, Grafulha Morales, Luiz Fernando, Criniti, Giacomo, Kurnosov, Alexander, Boffa Ballaran, Tiziana, Speziale, Sergio, Marquardt, Katharina, Capitani, Gian Carlo, Marquardt, Hauke, 3 Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland, 1 Bayerisches Geoinstitut University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany, 5 German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ Potsdam Germany, 6 Department of Materials Faculty of Engineering Imperial College London London UK, 7 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano‐Bicocca Milano Italy, 2 Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford Oxford UK, Satta, N, Grafulha Morales, L, Criniti, G, Kurnosov, A, Boffa Ballaran, T, Speziale, S, Marquardt, K, Capitani, G, and Marquardt, H

Subjects
Geophysics, ddc:550, Brillouin spectroscopy, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, serpentine, seismic anisotropy, elasticity, antigorite, shear wave splitting
Abstract

The subduction of serpentinized slabs is the dominant process to transport “water” into Earth's mantle, and plays a pivotal role for subduction dynamics. Antigorite, the most abundant serpentine mineral in subduction settings, may imprint a seismic signature on serpentinized slabs, making them seismically distinguishable from the dry, non‐serpentinized ones. However, the complete single‐crystal elasticity of antigorite has not been experimentally constrained at high pressures, hindering the use of seismological approaches to detect serpentinization in subducting slabs. Here, we report the full elastic stiffness tensor of antigorite by single‐crystal Brillouin spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction up to 7.71(5) GPa. We use our results to model seismic properties of antigorite‐bearing rocks and show that their seismological detectability depends on the geometrical relation between seismic wave paths and foliation of serpentinized rocks. In particular, we demonstrate that seismic shear anisotropy shows low sensitivity to serpentinization for a range of relevant geometries., Plain Language Summary: The subduction of serpentinized slabs plays a key role in the deep recycling of water into the Earth's interior. Antigorite is the main serpentine mineral in subducting slabs, and the most important carrier of water. Antigorite‐bearing rocks are predicted to have a distinct seismic signature, potentially allowing them to be detected with seismological approaches. However, our current knowledge on seismic properties of antigorite‐bearing rocks is limited, mostly hampered by a lack of experimental constraints on single‐crystal elasticity of antigorite at relevant pressures. In this study, state‐of‐the‐art techniques were employed to produce the first experimental description of the complete high‐pressure elasticity of antigorite single crystals. Our experimental data set was implemented in the modeling of seismic properties of antigorite‐bearing rocks at pressures relevant for subduction. Our results were used to discuss the relation between seismic wave path and shear wave anisotropy in serpentinized slabs, and challenge the use of shear wave splitting as a proxy for serpentinization in slabs., Key Points: Single‐crystal elasticity of antigorite at high pressures is determined by Brillouin spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction experiments. Seismic signature of serpentinized slabs is constrained in a relevant composition‐pressure space. Serpentinization in slabs may be undetectable through shear wave anisotropy., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, EC Horizon 2020 Framework Programme http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.20348748, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.20348781

Published
2022

23. The most frequent interfaces in olivine aggregates: the GBCD and its importance for grain boundary related processes

Author

Marquardt, Katharina, Rohrer, Gregory S., Morales, Luiz, Rybacki, Erik, Marquardt, Hauke, and Lin, Brian

Subjects
Grain boundaries, Grain industry -- International economic relations, Earth -- Mantle, Earth sciences
Abstract

Rocks consist of crystal grains separated by grain boundaries that impact the bulk rock properties. Recent studies on metals and ceramics showed that the grain boundary plane orientation is more significant for grain boundary properties than other characteristics such as the sigma value or disorientation (in the Earth's science community more frequently termed misorientation). We determined the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) of synthetic and natural polycrystalline olivine, the most abundant mineral of Earth's upper mantle. We show that grain boundaries of olivine preferentially contain low index planes, in agreement with recent findings on other oxides (e.g. MgO, TiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 etc.). Furthermore, we find evidence for a preferred orientation relationship of 90° disorientations about the [001] direction forming tilt and twist grain boundaries, as well as a preference for the 60° disorientation about the [100] axis. Our data indicate that the GBCD, which is an intrinsic property of any mineral aggregate, is fundamental for understanding and predicting grain boundary related processes., Author(s): Katharina Marquardt[sup.1] , Gregory S. Rohrer[sup.2] , Luiz Morales[sup.3] , Erik Rybacki[sup.3] , Hauke Marquardt[sup.1] , Brian Lin[sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany (2) Carnegie [...]

Published
2015
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32. Machine learning using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm predicts 5-day delta of SOFA score at ICU admission in COVID-19 patients

Author

Montomoli, Jonathan, primary, Romeo, Luca, additional, Moccia, Sara, additional, Bernardini, Michele, additional, Migliorelli, Lucia, additional, Berardini, Daniele, additional, Donati, Abele, additional, Carsetti, Andrea, additional, Bocci, Maria Grazia, additional, Wendel Garcia, Pedro David, additional, Fumeaux, Thierry, additional, Guerci, Philippe, additional, Schüpbach, Reto Andreas, additional, Ince, Can, additional, Frontoni, Emanuele, additional, Hilty, Matthias Peter, additional, Alfaro-Farias, Mario, additional, Vizmanos-Lamotte, Gerardo, additional, Tschoellitsch, Thomas, additional, Meier, Jens, additional, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernán, additional, Apolo, Janina, additional, Martínez, Alberto, additional, Jurkolow, Geoffrey, additional, Delahaye, Gauthier, additional, Novy, Emmanuel, additional, Losser, Marie-Reine, additional, Wengenmayer, Tobias, additional, Rilinger, Jonathan, additional, Staudacher, Dawid L., additional, David, Sascha, additional, Welte, Tobias, additional, Stahl, Klaus, additional, Pavlos”, “Agios, additional, Aslanidis, Theodoros, additional, Korsos, Anita, additional, Babik, Barna, additional, Nikandish, Reza, additional, Rezoagli, Emanuele, additional, Giacomini, Matteo, additional, Nova, Alice, additional, Fogagnolo, Alberto, additional, Spadaro, Savino, additional, Ceriani, Roberto, additional, Murrone, Martina, additional, Wu, Maddalena A., additional, Cogliati, Chiara, additional, Colombo, Riccardo, additional, Catena, Emanuele, additional, Turrini, Fabrizio, additional, Simonini, Maria Sole, additional, Fabbri, Silvia, additional, Potalivo, Antonella, additional, Facondini, Francesca, additional, Gangitano, Gianfilippo, additional, Perin, Tiziana, additional, Grazia Bocci, Maria, additional, Antonelli, Massimo, additional, Gommers, Diederik, additional, Rodríguez-García, Raquel, additional, Gámez-Zapata, Jorge, additional, Taboada-Fraga, Xiana, additional, Castro, Pedro, additional, Tellez, Adrian, additional, Lander-Azcona, Arantxa, additional, Escós-Orta, Jesús, additional, Martín-Delgado, Maria C., additional, Algaba-Calderon, Angela, additional, Franch-Llasat, Diego, additional, Roche-Campo, Ferran, additional, Lozano-Gómez, Herminia, additional, Zalba-Etayo, Begoña, additional, Michot, Marc P., additional, Klarer, Alexander, additional, Ensner, Rolf, additional, Schott, Peter, additional, Urech, Severin, additional, Zellweger, Nuria, additional, Merki, Lukas, additional, Lambert, Adriana, additional, Laube, Marcus, additional, Jeitziner, Marie M., additional, Jenni-Moser, Beatrice, additional, Wiegand, Jan, additional, Yuen, Bernd, additional, Lienhardt-Nobbe, Barbara, additional, Westphalen, Andrea, additional, Salomon, Petra, additional, Drvaric, Iris, additional, Hillgaertner, Frank, additional, Sieber, Marianne, additional, Dullenkopf, Alexander, additional, Petersen, Lina, additional, Chau, Ivan, additional, Ksouri, Hatem, additional, Sridharan, Govind Oliver, additional, Cereghetti, Sara, additional, Boroli, Filippo, additional, Pugin, Jerome, additional, Grazioli, Serge, additional, Rimensberger, Peter C., additional, Bürkle, Christian, additional, Marrel, Julien, additional, Brenni, Mirko, additional, Fleisch, Isabelle, additional, Lavanchy, Jerome, additional, Perez, Marie-Helene, additional, Ramelet, Anne-Sylvie, additional, Weber, Anja Baltussen, additional, Gerecke, Peter, additional, Christ, Andreas, additional, Ceruti, Samuele, additional, Glotta, Andrea, additional, Marquardt, Katharina, additional, Shaikh, Karim, additional, Hübner, Tobias, additional, Neff, Thomas, additional, Redecker, Hermann, additional, Moret-Bochatay, Mallory, additional, Bentrup, FriederikeMeyer zu, additional, Studhalter, Michael, additional, Stephan, Michael, additional, Brem, Jan, additional, Gehring, Nadine, additional, Selz, Daniela, additional, Naon, Didier, additional, Kleger, Gian-Reto, additional, Pietsch, Urs, additional, Filipovic, Miodrag, additional, Ristic, Anette, additional, Sepulcri, Michael, additional, Heise, Antje, additional, Franchitti Laurent, Marilene, additional, Laurent, Jean-Christophe, additional, Wendel Garcia, Pedro D., additional, Schuepbach, Reto, additional, Heuberger, Dorothea, additional, Bühler, Philipp, additional, Brugger, Silvio, additional, Fodor, Patricia, additional, Locher, Pascal, additional, Camen, Giovanni, additional, Gaspert, Tomislav, additional, Jovic, Marija, additional, Haberthuer, Christoph, additional, Lussman, Roger F., additional, and Colak, Elif, additional

Published
2021
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33. Experimental partitioning of halogens and other trace elements between olivine, pyroxenes, amphibole and aqueous fluid at 2 GPa and 900-1,300°C

Author

Fabbrizio, Alessandro, Stalder, Roland, Hametner, Kathrin, Gunther, Detlef, and Marquardt, Katharina

Subjects
Infrared spectroscopy, Amphiboles, Pyroxene, Fluorides, Earth sciences
Abstract

We present new partition coefficients for various trace elements including Cl between olivine, pyroxenes, amphibole and coexisting chlorine-bearing aqueous fluid in a series of high-pressure experiments at 2 GPa between 900 and 1,300°C in natural and synthetic systems. Diamond aggregates were added to the experimental capsule set-up in order to separate the fluid from the solid residue and enable in situ analysis of the quenched solute by LA-ICP-MS. The chlorine and fluorine contents in mantle minerals were measured by electron microprobe, and the nature of OH defects was investigated by infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, a fluorine-rich olivine from one selected sample was investigated by TEM. Results reveal average Cl concentrations in olivine and pyroxenes around 20 ppm and up to 900 ppm F in olivine, making olivine an important repository of halogens in the mantle. Chlorine is always incompatible with Cl partition coefficients [D.sup.olivine/fluid.sub.Cl] varying between [10.sup.-5] and [10.sup.-3], whereas [D.sup.orthopyroxene/fluid.sub.Cl] and [D.sup.clinopyroxene/fluid.sub.Cl] are ~[10.sup.-4] and [D.sup.amphibole/fluid.sub.Cl] is ~5 x [10.sup.-3]. Furthermore, partitioning results for incompatible trace element show that compatibilities of trace elements are generally ordered as [D.sup.amph/fluid] ≅ [D.sup.cpx/fluid] > [D.sup.opx/fluid] > [D.sup.ol/fluid] but that [D.sup.mineral/fluid] for Li and P is very similar for all observed silicate phases. Infrared spectra of olivine synthesized in a F-free Tibearing system show absorption bands at 3,525 and ~ 3,570 [cm.sup.-1]. In F ± Ti[O.sub.2]-bearing systems, additional absorption bands appear at ~ 3,535, ~ 3,595, 3,640 and 3,670 [cm.sup.-1]. Absorption bands at ~ 3,530 and ~3,570 [cm.sup.-1], previously assigned to humite-like point defects, profit from low synthesis temperatures and the presence of F. The presence of planar defects could not be proved by TEM investigations, but dislocations in the olivine lattice were observed and are suggested to be an important site for halogen incorporation in olivine. Keywords Halogens * Trace element partitioning * Mantle * Defects * TEM, Introduction Mantle minerals such as olivine, ortho- and clinopyroxene can host up to several hundreds ppm water (Rauch and Keppler 2002; Hirschmann et al. 2005; Stalder et al. 2005, 2008; [...]

Published
2013
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35. Additional file 1 of Implications of early respiratory support strategies on disease progression in critical COVID-19: a matched subanalysis of the prospective RISC-19-ICU cohort

Author

Garcia, Pedro D. Wendel, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernán, Buehler, Philipp K., Alfaro-Farias, Mario, Yuen, Bernd, David, Sascha, Tschoellitsch, Thomas, Wengenmayer, Tobias, Korsos, Anita, Fogagnolo, Alberto, Gian-Reto Kleger, Wu, Maddalena A., Colombo, Riccardo, Turrini, Fabrizio, Potalivo, Antonella, Rezoagli, Emanuele, Rodríguez-García, Raquel, Castro, Pedro, Lander-Azcona, Arantxa, Martín-Delgado, Maria C., Lozano-Gómez, Herminia, Ensner, Rolf, Michot, Marc P., Gehring, Nadine, Schott, Peter, Siegemund, Martin, Merki, Lukas, Wiegand, Jan, Jeitziner, Marie M., Laube, Marcus, Salomon, Petra, Hillgaertner, Frank, Dullenkopf, Alexander, Ksouri, Hatem, Cereghetti, Sara, Grazioli, Serge, Bürkle, Christian, Marrel, Julien, Fleisch, Isabelle, Marie-Helene Perez, Weber, Anja Baltussen, Ceruti, Samuele, Marquardt, Katharina, Hübner, Tobias, Redecker, Hermann, Studhalter, Michael, Stephan, Michael, Selz, Daniela, Pietsch, Urs, Ristic, Anette, Heise, Antje, Bentrup, Friederike Meyer Zu, Laurent, Marilene Franchitti, Fodor, Patricia, Gaspert, Tomislav, Haberthuer, Christoph, Colak, Elif, Heuberger, Dorothea M., Fumeaux, Thierry, Montomoli, Jonathan, Guerci, Philippe, Schuepbach, Reto A., Hilty, Matthias P., and Roche-Campo, Ferran

Abstract

Additional file 1. e-Appendix 1: Specifications on the RISC-19-ICU registry structure and data collection. e-Appendix 2: Missing data handling. e-Table 1: Overall “unmatched” baseline characteristics on Day 0. e-Figure 1: “Love Plot” presenting Standardized Mean Differences between the unmatched and matchedcohort. e-Table 2: Demographics, characteristics at ICU admission, progression of respiratory support and outcome; stratified by survivor status. e-Table 3: Progression of respiratory support stratified by respiratory support strategy at ICU admission. e-Figure 2: Temporal relationship between the period of admission to the intensive care unit and the use of respiratory support strategies or mortality rate. e-Figure 3: Kaplan Meier curves for intensive care unit mortality stratified by the period of admission to the intensive care unit. e-Table 4: Demographics, characteristics at ICU admission, progression of respiratory support and outcome for patients never requiring intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation. e-Figure 4: C-Reactive Protein stratified by respiratory support strategy on Day 0 over the first week of ICU stay. e-Table 5: Mixed Effect Model of C-Reactive Protein stratified by respiratory support strategy on Day 0 over the first week of ICU stay. e-Figure 5: Multivariable adjusted COX regression model for the incidence of intubation. e-Figure 6: Multivariable adjusted COX regression model for overall ICU mortality. e-Figure 7: Multivariable adjusted COX regression model for ICU mortality (intubated patients only). e-Figure 8: Multivariable adjusted COX regression model for ICU discharge (intubated patients only). e-Table 6: Prognostic Model for the identification of patients with lower ICU mortality risk after a failed HFNC or NIV trial. e-Figure 9: Nomogram, Receiver Operating Curves and stratified Kaplan Meier curve for a prognostic model identifying patients with lower ICU mortality risk after a failed HFNC or NIV trial. e-Table 7: Area Under the Receiver Operating Curves (AUROCs) for the Prognostic Score versus classic severity scores.

Published
2021
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40. Synthesis of B-site high-entropy BaTi0.2Hf0.2Zr0.2Y0.2Nb0.2O3with water sensing properties

Author

Austin, Alexandra C., Knorpp, Amy J., Bell, Jon G., Shiel, Huw, Artiglia, Luca, Marquardt, Katharina, and Stuer, Michael

Abstract

A barium-based perovskite structured ceramic with five different B-site cations was prepared by a solid-state synthesis method. The phase and chemical homogeneity of the synthesised material was verified using x-ray diffraction and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, showing the successful synthesis of a single-phase perovskite structure with Ba A-site and Ti, Hf, Zr, Y, Nb, B-site cations. Ultra-high vacuum x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to reveal the valence states of the constituent elements. Conventional, two-step and spark plasma sintering were used to form dense pellets with limited grain growth. The room temperature electrical characteristics of the sintered pellets were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy where a conductivity increase of two orders of magnitude was observed in a water-bearing atmosphere. Synchrotron-based ambient-pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy performed under water-bearing and dry conditions suggest that the conductivity increase is related to the incorporation of hydroxyl groups into the perovskite structure.

Published
2024
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41. Selective inhibition of cotranslational translocation of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1

Author

Besemer, Jurgen, Harant, Hanna, Wang, Shirley, Oberhauser, Berndt, Marquardt, Katharina, Foster, Carolyn A., Schreiner, Erwin P., de Vries, Jan E., Dascher-Nadel, Christiane, and Lindley, Ivan J. D.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Jürgen Besemer [1, 2, 3]; Hanna Harant [1, 3]; Shirley Wang [1]; Berndt Oberhauser [1]; Katharina Marquardt [1, 2]; Carolyn A. Foster [1]; Erwin P. Schreiner [1]; Jan E. [...]

Published
2005
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43. Prognostic factors associated with mortality risk and disease progression in 639 critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Europe: Initial report of the international RISC-19-ICU prospective observational cohort

Author

Wendel Garcia, Pedro David, primary, Fumeaux, Thierry, additional, Guerci, Philippe, additional, Heuberger, Dorothea Monika, additional, Montomoli, Jonathan, additional, Roche-Campo, Ferran, additional, Schuepbach, Reto Andreas, additional, Hilty, Matthias Peter, additional, Alfaro Farias, Mario, additional, Margarit, Antoni, additional, Vizmanos-Lamotte, Gerardo, additional, Tschoellitsch, Thomas, additional, Meier, Jens, additional, Cardona, Francesco S., additional, Skola, Josef, additional, Horakova, Lenka, additional, Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernan, additional, Apolo, Janina, additional, Novy, Emmanuel, additional, Losser, Marie-Reine, additional, Jurkolow, Geoffrey, additional, Delahaye, Gauthier, additional, David, Sascha, additional, Welte, Tobias, additional, Wengenmayer, Tobias, additional, Staudacher, Dawid L., additional, Aslanidis, Theodoros, additional, Babik, Barna, additional, Korsos, Anita, additional, Gal, Janos, additional, Csaba, Hermann, additional, Donati, Abele, additional, Carsetti, Andrea, additional, Turrini, Fabrizio, additional, Simonini, Maria Sole, additional, Ceriani, Roberto, additional, Murrone, Martina, additional, Rezoagli, Emanuele, additional, Vitale, Giovanni, additional, Fogagnolo, Alberto, additional, Spadaro, Savino, additional, Wu, Maddalena Alessandra, additional, Cogliati, Chiara, additional, Colombo, Riccardo, additional, Catena, Emanuele, additional, Facondini, Francesca, additional, Potalivo, Antonella, additional, Gangitano, Gianfilippo, additional, Perin, Tiziana, additional, Bocci, Maria Grazia, additional, Antonelli, Massimo, additional, Gommers, Diederik, additional, Ince, Can, additional, Mayor-Vázquez, Eric, additional, Cruz, Maria, additional, Delgado, Martin, additional, Garcia, Raquel Rodriguez, additional, Gamez Zapata, Jorge, additional, Zalba-Etayo, Begoña, additional, Lozano-Gomez, Herminia, additional, Castro, Pedro, additional, Tellez, Adrian, additional, Jacas, Adriana, additional, Muñoz, Guido, additional, Andrea, Rut, additional, Ortiz, Jose, additional, Quintana, Eduard, additional, Rovira, Irene, additional, Reverter, Enric, additional, Fernandez, Javier, additional, Ferrer, Miquel, additional, Badia, Joan R., additional, Lander Azcona, Arantxa, additional, Orta, Jesus Escos, additional, Bühler, Philipp, additional, Brugger, Silvio, additional, Hofmaenner, Daniel, additional, Unseld, Simone, additional, Ruschitzka, Frank, additional, Moret-Bochatay, Mallory, additional, Yuen, Bernd, additional, Hillermann, Thomas, additional, Ksouri, Hatem, additional, Sridharan, Govind Oliver, additional, Ristic, Anette, additional, Sepulcri, Michael, additional, Filipovic, Miodrag, additional, Pietsch, Urs, additional, Salomon, Petra, additional, Drvaric, Iris, additional, Schott, Peter, additional, Urech, Severin, additional, Lambert, Adriana, additional, Merki, Lukas, additional, Laube, Marcus, additional, Hillgaertner, Frank, additional, Sieber, Marianne, additional, Dullenkopf, Alexander, additional, Petersen, Lina, additional, Grazioli, Serge, additional, Rimensberger, Peter C., additional, Fleisch, Isabelle, additional, Lavanchy, Jerome, additional, Marquardt, Katharina, additional, Shaikh, Karim, additional, Redecker, Hermann, additional, Stephan, Michael, additional, Brem, Jan, additional, Rogdo, Bjarte, additional, Birkenmaier, Andre, additional, Meyer zu Bentrup, Friederike, additional, Fodor, Patricia, additional, Locher, Pascal, additional, Camen, Giovanni, additional, Siegemund, Martin, additional, Zellweger, Nuria, additional, Jeitziner, Marie-Madlen, additional, Jenni-Moser, Beatrice, additional, Bürkle, Christian, additional, Kleger, Gian-Reto, additional, Franchitti Laurent, Marilene, additional, Laurent, Jean-Christophe, additional, Gaspert, Tomislav, additional, Jovic, Marija, additional, Studhalter, Michael, additional, Haberthuer, Christoph, additional, Lussman, Roger F., additional, Selz, Daniela, additional, Naon, Didier, additional, Mauri, Romano, additional, Ceruti, Samuele, additional, Marrel, Julien, additional, Brenni, Mirko, additional, Ensner, Rolf, additional, Gehring, Nadine, additional, Heise, Antje, additional, Huebner, Tobias, additional, Neff, Thomas A., additional, Cereghetti, Sara, additional, Boroli, Filippo, additional, Pugin, Jerome, additional, Marczin, Nandor, additional, and Wong, Joyce, additional

Published
2020
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46. Magnesium transport in olivine mantle: new insights from miniaturized study of volume and grain boundary diffusion in Mg2SiO4 bi-crystals.

Author

Gardés, Emmanuel, Gibouin, David, Radiguet, Bertrand, David, Adrian, Prellier, Wilfrid, and Marquardt, Katharina

Subjects
KIRKENDALL effect, OLIVINE, MAGNESIUM, MAGNESIUM alloys, DIFFUSION, ARRHENIUS equation, DIFFUSION coefficients, EARTH temperature
Abstract

We report experimental measurements of volume and grain boundary diffusion of 26Mg in Mg2SiO4 bi-crystals at asthenosphere temperatures as a ground reference for olivine. By analysis of literature and combination with previous data, we provide Arrhenius laws D = D0 exp(− E/RT) at ambient pressure for volume diffusion of Mg in Mg2SiO4 in the intrinsic regime along the three crystallographic axes as well as grain boundary diffusion. Parameters for average volume diffusion, calculated as geometrical mean of the three crystallographic axes, are D 0 = 10 - 2.12 ± 0.91 m 2 / s and E = 443 ± 42 kJ / mol. Parameters for average grain boundary diffusion in aggregate are D 0 = 10 - 1.16 ± 0.49 m 2 / s and E = 359 ± 14 kJ / mol. In the asthenosphere, the decrease of both volume and grain boundary diffusion coefficients as a function of pressure should remain negligible up to 1 GPa, and ~ 1 log unit at 10 GPa, while the increase in iron- and hydrogen-bearing olivine should range from ~ 1 to 2 log unit. The equilibration of Mg in olivine grains can be considered instantaneous with respect to geological timescales in the asthenosphere. However, the transport of Mg remains below km-scale even after 1 Gy at 1600 °C of volume or grain boundary diffusion. Long-range transport of major elements in the upper mantle is not possible by solid-state diffusion. Equilibration of long-range heterogeneities and large mass transport is rather controlled by diffusion in intergranular fluid or melt phase, liquid percolation and mantle convection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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