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Additional file 2: Table S2. Adjusted linear regressions on pulse pressure (mmHg) as a function of heavy occupational lifting, without and with stratification by age and use of anti-hypertensives. [CI=Confidence interval]. The reference was no exposure to heavy occupational lifting. Significant associations are highlighted in bold.

Additional file 8: Table S8. Adjusted odds ratios of being hypertensive (in the cross-sectional model) and for becoming a SBP or DBP case (defined as an above-median delta value of BP at follow-up – BP at baseline and/or a shift from no use to use of anti-hypertensives (in the prospective model)) as a function of self-rated exposure to heavy occupational lifting, stratified by level of leisure-time physical activity. No exposure to heavy occupational lifting was the reference category. [OR = Odds ratio; CI=Confidence interval]. Significant OR are highlighted in bold.

Additional file 9: Table S9. Adjusted linear regressions on systolic blood pressure (SBP) as a function of heavy occupational lifting stratified level of leisure-time physical activity. Significant associations are highlighted in bold.

Additional file 7: Table S7.Adjusted mean of SBP and DBP, at follow-up, in groups stratified by OPA with or without occupational lifting combined by LTPA and with or without the use of anti-hypertensives.

Additional file 5: Table S5. Cross-sectional odd ratios (OR) for being hypertensive by exposure to heavy occupational lifting, when hypertension is defined at different cutpoints. The reference was no exposure to heavy occupational lifting.

Additional file 4: Table S4. Adjusted associations between self-reported heavy occupational lifting and systolic blood pressure (mmHg), stratified by level of occupational physical activity. [β = Difference in mmHg; CI = Confidence interval; Ref. = Reference group].

Additional file 1 Table S1. Adjusted linear regressions on diastolic BP (mmHg) as a function of heavy occupational lifting, without and with stratification by age and use of anti-hypertensives. [CI=Confidence interval]. The reference was no exposure to heavy occupational lifting. Significant associations are highlighted in bold.

Additional file 6: Table S6. Adjusted baseline means of SBP and DBP in groups stratified by OPA with or without occupational lifting combined by LTPA and with or without the use of anti-hypertensives.

Background: A high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level is recommended to promote healthy aging. However, the association between CRF and very-long-term prognosis is unclear, and reverse causation may bias results in studies with shorter follow-up. Objectives: This study investigated the association between CRF and mortality in middle-aged, employed men free of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Participants from the Copenhagen Male Study, established in 1970 to 1971, were included and stratified into 4 age-adjusted maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) categories: below the lower limit of normal (lowest 5%); low normal (45%); high normal (45%); and above the upper limit of normal (top 5%). VO2max was estimated by using a bicycle ergometer. Multivariable restricted mean survival time models were performed for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality using Danish national registers. Results: A total of 5,107 men with a mean age of 48.8 ± 5.4 years were included in the study. During the 46 years of follow-up, 4,700 (92%) men died; 2,149 (42.1%) of the men died of CVD. Compared with below the lower limit of normal CRF, low normal CRF was associated with 2.1 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.7 to 3.4; p = 0.002), high normal with 2.9 years (95% CI: 1.5 to 4.2; p < 0.001), and above upper limit of normal with 4.9 years (95% CI: 3.1 to 6.7; p < 0.001) longer mean life expectancy. Each unit increase in VO2max was associated with a 45-day (95% CI: 30 to 61; p < 0.001) increase in longevity. Estimates for cardiovascular mortality were similar to all-cause mortality. Results were essentially unchanged when excluding individuals who died within the first 10 years of follow-up, suggesting a minimal role of reverse causation. Conclusions: CRF was significantly related to longevity over the course of 4 decades in middle-aged, employed men free of CVD. The benefits of higher midlife CRF extend well into the later part of life.