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Granulomatous prostatitis (GP) is a rare form of chronic prostatitis with reported incidence of 0.65–1.5%. Radiological features of GP overlap with those of prostate adenocarcinoma. The following magnetic resonance imaging characteristics can suggest the diagnosis in an appropriate clinical setting: Diffuse or focal nodular low T2 signal, high signal on diffusion-weighted imaging with corresponding low apparent diffusion coefficient signal, and post-contrast imaging with lesion enhancement or rim-enhancing in the setting of caseous necrosis or abscess formation. Even with suspicion on imaging, the overlapping imaging features with prostate adenocarcinoma necessitate biopsy for confirmatory diagnosis. Here, we report a case of a 70-year-old man with GP in the setting of prior intravesicle bacillus Calmette–Guérin administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The embryonal male sexual differentiation is driven by testosterone, and Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). AMH is responsible for regression of Müllerian ducts in a genetically male fetus. Mutations inactivating AMH or its receptors are responsible for persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) in virilized 46, XY males. PMDS is a rare genetic disorder affecting males, with less than 300 cases described in literature. The syndrome is usually recognized early in life with patients present with bilateral undescended testicles, and often decreased testosterone production by Leydig cells later in life. The role of testosterone in the development and progression of prostate cancer is well established, and men with low circulating free testosterone are expected to have a lower risk of developing prostate cancer. Indeed, 2 cases of prostate cancer in patients with PMDS have previously been described. Herein, we are reporting the third of prostate cancer in patient with PMDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents studies on such drugs as rifaximin, melatonin, and escitalopram. The first study focuses on irritable bowel syndrome, a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by bloating and abdominal pain. Another study discusses insomnia which affects up to 50 percent of older adults and has been correlated with morbidity and mortality. A third study tackles menopausal hot flashes which can be treated effectively. The methodology, results, and conclusions of the studies are presented.