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12. Morphology and dynamics of the upper cloud layer of Venus

Author

Markiewicz, W.J., Titov, D.V., Limaye, S.S., Keller, H.U., Ignatiev, N., Jaumann, R., Thomas, N., Michalik, H., Moissl, R., and Russo, P.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Venus is completely covered by a thick cloud layer, of which the upper part is composed of sulphuric acid and some unknown aerosols (1). The cloud tops are in fast [...]

Published
2007

13. Venus Monitoring Camera for Venus Express

Author

Markiewicz, W.J., Titov, D.V., Ignatiev, N., Keller, H.U., Crisp, D., Limaye, S.S., Jaumann, R., Moissl, R., Thomas, N., Esposito, L., Watanabe, S., Fiethe, B., Behnke, T., Szemerey, I., Michalik, H., Perplies, H., Wedemeier, M., Sebastian, I., Boogaerts, W., Hviid, S.F., Dierker, C., Osterloh, B., Böker, W., Koch, M., Michaelis, H., Belyaev, D., Dannenberg, A., Tschimmel, M., Russo, P., Roatsch, T., and Matz, K.D.

Published
2007
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14. Venus Express—The first European mission to Venus

Author

Svedhem, H., Titov, D.V., McCoy, D., Lebreton, J.-P., Barabash, S., Bertaux, J.-L., Drossart, P., Formisano, V., Häusler, B., Korablev, O., Markiewicz, W.J., Nevejans, D., Pätzold, M., Piccioni, G., Zhang, T.L., Taylor, F.W., Lellouch, E., Koschny, D., Witasse, O., Eggel, H., Warhaut, M., Accomazzo, A., Rodriguez-Canabal, J., Fabrega, J., Schirmann, T., Clochet, A., and Coradini, M.

Published
2007
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15. Venus Express science planning

Author

Titov, D.V., Svedhem, H., Koschny, D., Hoofs, R., Barabash, S., Bertaux, J.-L., Drossart, P., Formisano, V., Häusler, B., Korablev, O., Markiewicz, W.J., Nevejans, D., Pätzold, M., Piccioni, G., Zhang, T.L., Merritt, D., Witasse, O., Zender, J., Accomazzo, A., Sweeney, M., Trillard, D., Janvier, M., and Clochet, A.

Published
2006
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16. The microscope for Beagle 2

Author

Thomas, N., Lüthi, B.S., Hviid, S.F., Keller, H.U., Markiewicz, W.J., Blümchen, T., Basilevsky, A.T., Smith, P.H., Tanner, R., Oquest, C., Reynolds, R., Josset, J.-L., Beauvivre, S., Hofmann, B., Rüffer, P., and Pillinger, C.T.

Published
2004
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23. The Clouds of Venus – an overview of Venus Express results

Author

Wilson, C. F., Marcq, Emmanuel, Markiewicz, W.J., Montmessin, Franck, Fedorova, A., Wilquet, V., Petrova, E.V., Ignatiev, N.I., Shalygina, O.S., Määttänen, Anni, McGouldrick, K.M., Hashimoto, G.L., Imamura, T., Rossi, Loïc, Luginin, M., Oschlisniok, J., Haus, R., Parkinson, C.D., Titov, D.V., Esposito, L. W., Limaye, Sanjay S., Vandaele, A.-C., Zasova, Liudmila V., Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales ( LATMOS ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( IKI ), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] ( RAS ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] ( IGEP ), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Okoyama University, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science ( ISAS ), Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research ( RIU ), University of Cologne, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster ( WWU ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] ( AOSS ), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Space Science and Engineering Center [Madison] ( SSEC ), University of Wisconsin-Madison [Madison], Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Okayama University, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Rhenish Institute for Environmental Research (RIU), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Space Science and Engineering Center [Madison] (SSEC), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), and European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract

International audience; Venus is completely enveloped by clouds. The main cloud layers stretch from altitudes of 48 – 75 km, with additional tenuous hazes found at altitudes 30 – 100 km. Clouds play a crucial role in governing atmospheric circulation, chemistry and climate on all planets, but particularly so on Venus due to the optical thickness of the atmosphere. The European Space Agency’s Venus Express (VEx) satellite has carried out a wealth of observations of Venus clouds since its arrival at Venus in April 2006. Many VEx observations are relevant to cloud science – from imagers and spectrometers to solar, stellar and radio occultation – each covering different altitude ranges, spectral ranges and atmospheric constituents.We have formed an International Team at the International Space Science Institute to bring together scientists from each of the relevant Venus Express investigation teams as well as from previous missions, as well as those developing computational and analytical models of clouds and hazes. The aims of the project are (1) to perform intercomparisons of cloud parameters measured using different techniques, (1) to create self-consistent reference cloud/haze models which capture not only a mean cloud structure but also its main modes of variability; and (2) to bring together modelers and observers, to reach an understanding of clouds and hazes on Venus which matches all observables and is physically consistent.This talk will present an overview of Venus Express cloud observations of all different types, and discuss progress towards a new reference cloud model to be submitted to an update of the Venus International Reference Atmosphere.

Published
2015

26. Geologic interpretation of the near-infrared images of area SW of Beta Regio taken by the Venus Monitoring Camera

Author

Shalygin, E.V., Basilevsky, A.T., Titov, D.V., Markiewicz, W.J., Scholten, F., Roatsch, Th., Krevlavsky, M.A., Moroz, L.V., and Ignatiev, N.I.

Subjects
Institut für Planetenforschung, Planetengeodäsie, Venus, Beta Regio
Abstract

We analyze night-time near-infrared (NIR) images of Beta-Phoebe region obtained with the 1-μm channel of the Venus Monitoring Camera (VMC) onboard Venus Express. Comparisons with the results of the Magellan radar survey and the model NIR images show that the night-time VMC images provide reliable information on spatial variations of the NIR surface emission. Here we consider if tessera terrain has the different NIR emissivity (and thus mineralogical composition) in com- parison to the surrounding basaltic plains. This is done through the study of an area SW of Beta Regio where there is a massif of tessera terrain, Chimon-mana Tessera, surrounded by supposedly basaltic plains. Our analysis showed that 1-μm emissivity of tessera surface material is by 15 – 35 % lower than that of relatively fresh suppos- edly basaltic lavas of plains and volcanic edifices. This is consistent with hypothesis that the tessera material is not basaltic, maybe felsic, that is in agreement with the results of analyses of VEX VIRTIS and Galileo NIMS data. If the felsic nature of venusian tesserae will be confirmed in further studies this may have important implications on geochemical environments in early history of Venus. We have found that the surface materials of plains in the study area are very variegated in their 1-μm emissivity, which probably reflects variability of degree of their chemical weathering. We have also found a possible decrease of the calculated emissivity at the top of Tuulikki Mons volcano which, if real, may be due to different (more felsic?) composition of volcanic products on the volcano summit.

Published
2012

27. H20 at the Phoenix Landing Site

Author

Smith, P.H., Tamppari, L.K., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Blaney, D., Boynton, W.V., Carswell, A., Catling, D.C., Clark, B.C., Duck, T., DeJong, E., Fisher, D., Goetz, W., Gunnlaugsson, Haraldur Pall, Hecht, M.H., Hipkin, V., Hoffman, J., Hviid, S.F., Keller, H.U., Kounaves, S.P., Lange, C.F., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Markiewicz, W.J., Marshall, J., McKay, C.P., Mellon, M.T., Ming, D.W., Morris, R.W., Pike, W.T., Renno, N., Staufer, U., Stoker, C., Taylor, P., Whiteway, J.A., and Zent, A.P.

Published
2009

29. Microscopy analysis of soils at the Phoenix landing site, Mars: Classification of soil particles and description of their optical and magnetic properties

Author

Goetz, W. (author), Pike, W.T. (author), Hviid, S.F. (author), Madsen, M.B. (author), Morris, R.V. (author), Hecht, M.H. (author), Staufer, U. (author), Leer, K. (author), Sykulska, H. (author), Hemmig, E. (author), Marshall, J. (author), Morookian, J.M. (author), Parrat, D. (author), Vijendran, S. (author), Bos, B.J. (author), El Maarry, M.R. (author), Keller, H.U. (author), Kramm, R. (author), Markiewicz, W.J. (author), Drube, L. (author), Blaney, D. (author), Arvidson, R.E. (author), Bell, J.F. (author), Reynolds, R. (author), Smith, P.H. (author), Woida, P. (author), Woida, R. (author), Tanner, R. (author), Goetz, W. (author), Pike, W.T. (author), Hviid, S.F. (author), Madsen, M.B. (author), Morris, R.V. (author), Hecht, M.H. (author), Staufer, U. (author), Leer, K. (author), Sykulska, H. (author), Hemmig, E. (author), Marshall, J. (author), Morookian, J.M. (author), Parrat, D. (author), Vijendran, S. (author), Bos, B.J. (author), El Maarry, M.R. (author), Keller, H.U. (author), Kramm, R. (author), Markiewicz, W.J. (author), Drube, L. (author), Blaney, D. (author), Arvidson, R.E. (author), Bell, J.F. (author), Reynolds, R. (author), Smith, P.H. (author), Woida, P. (author), Woida, R. (author), and Tanner, R. (author)

Abstract

The optical microscope onboard the Phoenix spacecraft has returned color images (4 ?m pixel?1) of soils that were delivered to and held on various substrates. A preliminary taxonomy of Phoenix soil particles, based on color, size, and shape, identifies the following particle types [generic names in brackets]: (1) reddish fines, mostly unresolved, that are spectrally similar to (though slightly darker than) global airborne dust [red fines], (2) silt? to sand?sized brownish grains [brown sand], (3) silt? to sand?sized black grains [black sand], and (4) small amounts of whitish fines, possibly salts [white fines]. Most particles have a saturation magnetization in the range 0.5?2 Am2 kg?1 as inferred from their interaction with magnetic substrates. The particle size distribution has two distinct peaks below 10 ?m (fines) and in the range 20–100 ?m (grains), respectively, and is different from that of ripple soils in Gusev crater. In particular medium to large sand grains appear to be absent in Phoenix soils. Most sand grains have subrounded shape with variable texture. A fractured grain (observed on sol 112) reveals evidence of micrometer?sized crystal facets. The brown sand category displays a large diversity in color including shiny, almost colorless particles. Potential source regions for these grains may be the Tharsis volcanoes or Heimdal crater (20 km east of the landing site). The black grains are suggested to belong to a more widespread population of particles with mafic mineralogy. The absence of black/brown composite grains is consistent with different formation pathways and source regions for each grain type., Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering

Published
2010
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40. Codag — dust agglomeration experiment in micro-gravity

Author

Keller, H.U., primary, Blum, J., additional, Donn, B., additional, El Goresy, A., additional, Fechtig, H., additional, Feuerbacher, B.P., additional, Grün, E., additional, Ip, W.-H., additional, Kochan, H., additional, Mann, I., additional, Markiewicz, W.J., additional, Metzler, K., additional, Morfill, G.E., additional, Ratke, L., additional, Rott, M., additional, Schwehm, G., additional, and Weidenschilling, S.J., additional

Published
1993
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