1. A global horizon scan of the future impacts of robotics and autonomous systems on urban ecosystems
- Author
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Dave Kendal, Kumelachew Yeshitela, Robbert P. H. Snep, Ian MacGregor-Fors, James D. Hale, Margaret C. Stanley, Heather Rumble, Adam J. Bates, Tommi Inkinen, Colleen T. Downs, Assaf Shwartz, Tom Knowland, Adam Berland, Alessandro Ossola, Uri Roll, Loren B. Byrne, Sebastian Sautter, Susannah B. Lerman, Marcus Hedblom, Tristan J. Pett, Carl D. Soulsbury, Mark A. Goddard, Constantinos Antoniou, Andrew Barkwith, Burak Güneralp, Simon G. Potts, Adeniran Akanni, Ken Yocom, Christopher J. Bouch, Christopher Hassall, Simon J. Langdale, Jon P. Sadler, Ioan Cristian Iojă, Katia Perini, Solène Guenat, Jessica C. Fisher, Natalie Marie Gulsrud, Raoufou Radji, Rory Canavan, Stevienna de Saille, Stacey McLean, Tracy Smith, Stephen Venn, Francisco J. Escobedo, Catherine E. Scott, Nicholas S.G. Williams, Martin Dallimer, Stuart Connop, Marie C. Dade, Peter Massini, Paul H. Gobster, Ingo Kowarik, Carla-Leanne Washbourne, Gad Perry, Erle C. Ellis, Mark Whitling, Cynnamon Dobbs, Peter Manning, Amy K. Hahs, David Dawson, Fabio Angeoletto, David D. Mkwambisi, Philip H. Warren, Teija Ahjokoski, Zoe G. Davies, Steve Crossland, Tim Chapman, Pippin Anderson, Dieter F. Hochuli, Gabriel Pérez Luque, Ferguson Mark William James, Christine C. Rega-Brodsky, Kate E. Plummer, Jun Yang, David Cameron, Tim Van de Voorde, Luis Pérez-Urrestarazu, Geography, Earth System Sciences, and Cartography and Geographical Information Science
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0106 biological sciences ,L700 ,L900 ,media_common.quotation_subject ,QH75 ,Regional Development and Spatial Use ,010501 environmental sciences ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Smart city ,Humans ,Life Science ,Quality (business) ,Cities ,Environmental planning ,Ecosystem ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,WIMEK ,Ecology ,Land use ,G400 ,Biodiversity ,G700 ,15. Life on land ,Regionale Ontwikkeling en Ruimtegebruik ,H671 Robotics ,Urban ecology ,Sustainability ,13. Climate action ,Software deployment ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Business ,Urban ecosystem ,C180 Ecology ,Green infrastructure ,Forecasting - Abstract
A study of factors impacting landslide displacement rates was conducted on the Ripley Landslide within the Thompson River valley in British Columbia, Canada for the International Programme on Landslides’ project #202. Seasonal and multiyear changes in atmospheric factors cause cyclic fluctuation of matric suction in the vadose zone through changes to the in situ water content. The ingress of moisture is shown to contribute to multiyear and seasonal loss of stability causing increasing landslide displacement rates, often disregarded in slope stability calculations. However, the water content in the unsaturated zone is important, especially in semi-arid to arid climates where the water table is low and large portions of the slope are unsaturated. Additional tools for studying long-term variations in climate and seasonal changes in water content are presented. These tools are used to characterize historical climate and compare several factors that have resulted in changing landslide displacement rates and magnitude. Infiltration of precipitation and snowmelt directly contributes to matric suction loss in the head scarp and is exacerbated by the presence of tension cracks. While groundwater levels are often correlated to changing displacement rates, changes in matric suction can also influence the rates of displacement. Climatic trends over subsequent years alter the long-term soil water accumulation which impacts rates of landslide displacement. By accounting for additional strength, or potentially a loss in strength due to increasing water content, it is possible to develop a more complete understanding of the mechanisms of climate change which drive displacement rates in the translational, metastable earthen slides that dominate the Thompson River valley. These mechanisms can be applied to comparable river valleys around the world.
- Published
- 2021
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