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1. Influencia de un programa de ejercicios físicos adaptados para el desarrollo de la coordinación motriz en niños de 8 a 12 años del equipo de atletismo Marlins de Ciudad del Carmen, México

Author: Juan Pablo López-Pérez, Marisol Toledo-Sánchez, Juan Prieto-Noa, and José Jesús Matos-Ceballos
Subjects: Social Sciences, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: ejercicios físicos adaptados ejerce sobre el desarrollo de la coordinación motriz en niños que entrenan atletismo del equipo Marlin´s, lo que permitirá a futuro ser parte de un grupo de atletas, que tengan un buen nivel competitivo en esta disciplina. La investigación es de tipo longitudinal, al realizarse las mediciones a lo largo del tiempo, se enmarca en un diseño pre experimental con pre-test y post-test al mismo grupo. Se hace una comparación de muestra pareadas para eliminar el sesgo de error que tiene el pre-experimento. Los métodos utilizados para dar respuesta a la problemática detectada son diversos con énfasis en la medición como método principal que permitió realizar un análisis estadístico acorde al tipo de estudio seleccionado. La contribución se materializa en la propia concepción del programa motriz a los niños que entrenan atletismo. Las conclusiones refieren que derivado del diagnóstico se observó en la muestra seleccionada dificultades en la coordinación motriz, lo que demostró la necesidad de la elaboración de este programa. Después de aplicado, pudo comprobarse que el mismo influyó positivamente en el proceso de entrenamiento del atletismo, se logró mejorar significativamente la coordinación motriz en niños de 8 a 12 años del equipo de atletismo Marlins y con ello la ejecución de las diferentes técnicas empleadas en este deporte. Palabras clave: Coordinación motriz, entrenamiento, atletismo. ABSTRACT The purpose of the research was to determine the influence that an adapted physical exercise program exerts on the development of motor coordination in children who train athletics for the Marlin's team, which will allow them to be part of a group of athletes in the future, who have a good competitive level in this discipline. The research is of a longitudinal type, as the measurements are made over time, it is part of a pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test to the same group. A comparison of paired samples is made to eliminate the error bias that the pre-experiment has. The methods used to respond to the detected problems are diverse with emphasis on measurement as the main method that allowed statistical analysis according to the type of study selected. The contribution is materialized in the very conception of the motor program for children who train athletics. The conclusions refer that derived from the diagnosis, difficulties in motor coordination were observed in the selected sample, which demonstrated the need for the development of this program. After applied, it could be verified that it had a positive influence on the athletics training process, it was possible to significantly improve motor coordination in children from 8 to 12 years of age from the Marlins athletics team and with it the execution of the different techniques used in this sport. Keywords: Motor coordination, training, athletics.
Published: 2023

2. Sistema de tareas docentes para la formación de la habilidad profesional específica diseñar proyectos comunitarios

Author: Yorisel Oriana Carmenate Figueredo, Domingo Curbeira Hernández, Amanda Naranjo Lobaina, and Marisol Toledo Sánchez
Subjects: tareas docentes, formación, habilidad profesional específica, diseñar proyectos comunitarios., Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Sports, GV557-1198.995
Abstract: Introducción: la formación de habilidades profesionales ha sido un tema abordado desde la ciencia, y para que esta tenga lugar, el uso de las tareas docentes como célula del Proceso Docente Educativo a partir de los nexos existentes en su estructura, revelan su utilidad para formar habilidades profesionales específicas. Objetivo: la propuesta de un sistema de tareas docentes para la formación de esta habilidad profesional específica: diseñar proyectos comunitarios; en la Licenciatura en Cultura Física. Materiales y métodos: entre los métodos aplicados en esta investigación se destacan: análisis documental, analítico sintético, inductivo deductivo y la encuesta, así como los métodos y procedimientos en el orden estadístico-matemático. Resultados: a partir de los resultados teóricos en la investigación, las acciones y las operaciones de carácter lógico de la habilidad profesional específica diseñar proyectos comunitarios en estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Cultura Física, son identificadas teniendo en cuenta las etapas de la metodología de marco lógico por el principio heurístico de analogía. Se tuvo en cuenta las potencialidades de la disciplina principal integradora, y en particular, de la práctica laboral investigativa III, para lograr el proceso de formación de dicha habilidad y elaborar tareas docentes; concebidas como un sistema, con el objetivo de contribuir al proceso de formación de la habilidad. Estas tareas docentes se proponen a partir de las acciones y las operaciones de la habilidad profesional específica identificadas. Conclusiones: existen otras habilidades profesionales específicas que muestran aún insuficiente tratamiento desde la investigación en aras de su formación, lo que limita que el egresado cumpla adecuadamente su rol social comunitario.
Published: 2023
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3. Efecto de la pérdida de cobertura natural sobre la flora endémica del Área Tropical Importante para Plantas (TIPA) Concepción (Santa Cruz, Bolivia)

Author: Scarlet Jazmin Quiroga-Méndez, Oriana Anyhely Lino-Villalba, Liliana Arroyo-Herbas, Marisol Toledo, Maira Tatiana Martinez-Ugarteche, Jean Carla Montero Aramayo, Bente B. Klitgaard, and Daniel Villarroel Segarra
Subjects: Chiquitania, conservación, deforestación, especies nuevas, IUCN, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: En el presente estudio se inventarió la riqueza de taxones endémicos que habitan en el Área Tropical Importante para Plantas (TIPA) Concepción, así como el efecto de la pérdida de la cobertura natural sobre estos atributos florísticos. El inventario fue realizado mediante fuentes de datos primarios (prospecciones de campo) y secundarios (bases de datos y especímenes de herbarios). La pérdida de la cobertura vegetal fue determinada mediante el análisis multitemporal de imágenes satelitales de tres periodos de tiempo (1990-2000, 2001-2010, 2011-2020). Basados en los registros históricos e inventarios de campo, un total de 28 taxones endémicos fueron inventariados (dos son nuevas especies para la ciencia). El endemismo que resguardan los hábitats que conforman el paisaje del área de estudio resultó distinto cuando comparados unos con otros (
Published: 2022
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4. Estructura forestal y regeneración natural de poblaciones del pino de monte (Podocarpus parlatorei Pilg.) en el Departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Author: Romel E. Nina Churqui, Marco A. Pinto-Viveros, Jhoselin Sánchez, Liliana Arroyo-Herbas, Diego Espinoza, Erwin Banegas, Sergio Pantoja, and Marisol Toledo
Subjects: Podocarpaceae, bosque montano, complejo de pinares boliviano-tucumano, ecología, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: El pino de monte (Podocarpus parlatorei Pilg.) es endémico de los bosques montanos australes. A lo largo de la historia fue sobreexplotado con fines maderables y actualmente se encuentra en peligro de extinción. En Bolivia existen vacíos de información con respecto a su estructura y dinámica poblacional. En este estudio describimos su estructura forestal (individuos adultos, ‘10 cm de diámetro) y su regeneración (individuos jóvenes,
Published: 2022
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5. Efectividad del entrenamiento de atletismo en las capacidades físicas condicionales de los niños y adolescentes

Author: Marisol Toledo Sánchez, Oscar Enrique Mato Medina, Juan Prieto Noa, and Juan Pablo López Pérez
Subjects: Social Sciences, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: El entrenamiento del atletismo permite el desarrollo de las capacidades físicas condicionales, influye en el dominio de las destrezas y su efectividad en el juego y competencia. Por tal razón, es fundamental desarrollar las capacidades físicas condicionales en la etapa infantil y adolescentes. En este proceso de iniciación deportiva, el desarrollo de las capacidades físicas condicionales juega un papel fundamental en la formación de futuros deportistas, así como en su rendimiento físico. Por ello, se realizó una investigación en la que se motivó a fortalecer las capacidades físicas condicionales en un grupo que entrena atletismo en el Gimnasio Universitario, los cuales se conforman por una población de 21 sujetos, niños y adolescentes de ambos sexos, con edades de 6 a 15 años, que trabajaron durante 4 meses por 5 días a la semana. La comprobación planteada en esta investigación, al aplicarse un programa de ejercicios para la efectividad del entrenamiento del atletismo en las capacidades físicas condicionales, hubo diferencias significativas entre los resultados del segundo test comparados con el primero en las categorías de velocidad, abdominales, sentadillas y lanzamiento de balón. Esto permite asegurar que el programa aplicado fue exitoso y que se mejoraron los valores de la segunda prueba con relación a la primera y que se acepta la hipótesis alternativa referida a que un programa de ejercicios de entrenamiento del atletismo facilita la mejora de las capacidades física condicionales. Palabras clave: Atletismo, Capacidades físicas condicionales, Adolescentes, Infantil. ABSTRACT Athletics training allows the development of conditional physical capacities, influences the mastery of skills and their effectiveness in play and competition. For this reason, it is essential to develop conditional physical capacities in childhood and adolescence. In this process of sports initiation, the development of conditional physical capacities plays a fundamental role in the training of future athletes, as well as in their physical performance. Therefore, an investigation was carried out in which it was motivated to strengthen the conditional physical capacities in a group that trains athletics in the University Gymnasium, which are made up of a population of 21 subjects, children and adolescents of both sexes, with ages of 6 to 15 years, who worked for 4 months for 5 days a week. The verification raised in this research, when applying an exercise program for the effectiveness of athletic training in conditional physical capacities, there were significant differences between the results of the second test compared to the first in the categories of speed, abdominals, squats and throwing ball. This makes it possible to ensure that the applied program was successful and that the values of the second test were improved in relation to the first and that the alternative hypothesis is accepted that a program of athletic training exercises facilitates the improvement of conditional physical capacities. Keywords: Athletics, conditional physical abilities, adolescents, infants.
Published: 2021

6. An Assessment of Soil Phytolith Analysis as a Palaeoecological Tool for Identifying Pre-Columbian Land Use in Amazonian Rainforests

Author: James Hill, Stuart Black, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Rene Boot, Roel Brienen, Ted Feldpausch, John Leigue, Samaria Murakami, Abel Monteagudo, Guido Pardo, Marielos Peña-Claros, Oliver L. Phillips, Marisol Toledo, Vincent Vos, Pieter Zuidema, and Francis E. Mayle
Subjects: phytoliths, Amazonia, Holocene, pre-Columbian, palaeoecology, Human evolution, GN281-289, Stratigraphy, QE640-699
Abstract: Phytolith analysis is a well-established archaeobotanical tool, having provided important insights into pre-Columbian crop cultivation and domestication across Amazonia through the Holocene. Yet, its use as a palaeoecological tool is in its infancy in Amazonia and its effectiveness for reconstructing pre-Columbian land-use beyond archaeological sites (i.e., ‘off-site’) has so far received little critical attention. This paper examines both new and previously published soil phytolith data from SW Amazonia to assess the robustness of this proxy for reconstructing pre-Columbian land-use. We conducted the study via off-site soil pits radiating 7.5 km beyond a geoglyph in Acre state, Brazil, and 50 km beyond a ring-ditch in northern Bolivia, spanning the expected gradients in historical land-use intensity. We found that the spatio-temporal patterns in palm phytolith data across our soil-pit transects support the hypothesis that pre-Columbian peoples enriched their forests with palms over several millennia, although phytoliths are limited in their ability to capture small-scale crop cultivation and deforestation. Despite these drawbacks, we conclude that off-site soil phytolith analysis can provide novel insights into pre-Columbian land use, provided it is effectively integrated with other land-use (e.g., charcoal) and archaeological data.
Published: 2023
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7. Programa de actividad física para la mejora de la fuerza de brazos en adultos mayores

Author: Marisol Toledo Sánchez, Evelia Concha Chávez, and Verónica Benigna Ruíz Campos
Subjects: ejercicio físico, dinamometría, adulto mayor, Education, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract: La forma más correcta para comenzar un trabajo de fuerza con un grupo de adulto mayor es a partir de una prescripción del ejercicio, para así tener un referente importante en la programación del entrenamiento; se tiene en cuenta la evaluación del nivel de condición física, elección de los ejercicios, determinación de las cargas de trabajo y la planificación de actividades. En el programa que se propone se parte de un estudio de mediciones en cuanto a la composición corporal. El objetivo del programa fue comprobar la eficacia de un programa de Actividad Física para el fortalecimiento de las extremidades superiores en las personas adulto mayor del Instituto Nacional de las Personas Adultas Mayores (INAPAM). El instrumento de evaluación utilizado fue la dinamometría manual de ambas manos (derecha e izquierda); las acciones consistieron en actividades recreativas, predeportivas y ejercicios físicos, considerando las características de cada persona, con duración de 5 meses por 4 días a la semana. Se utilizó la comparación de medias en términos porcentuales dando como resultado una mejora considerable en la fuerza de las extremidades superiores de las personas asistentes al programa.
Published: 2020

8. Modos de actuación del estudiante universitario de la licenciatura en educación física y deporte de la Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, México

Author: José Jesús Matos Ceballos, Oscar Enrique Mato Medina, Enrique Rafael Farfán Heredia, Juan Prieto Noa, and Marisol Toledo Sánchez
Subjects: formación de valores, estrategia educativa, estudiantes universitarios, Education, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract: El presente trabajo asumió como objetivo proponer una estrategia educativa que contribuyera a la formación del valor responsabilidad como eje principal en los modos de actuación de los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Educación Física y Deporte. El orden del trabajo transitó mediante diversas técnicas y métodos de investigación, por el diagnóstico inicial del estado de la formación del valor responsabilidad, la elaboración del marco teórico, el desarrollo de la estrategia educativa y su aplicación en la Licenciatura de Educación Física y Deporte, de la Universidad Autónoma del Carmen. Como contribución a la teoría se consideraron la determinación de los contenidos desde el programa de las asignaturas y actividades de la práctica profesional que posibiliten la integración de estos para la formación del valor responsabilidad. El aporte práctico se centra en la elaboración de la estrategia educativa, sustentada en la integración de contenidos de las asignaturas y actividades de la práctica profesional. Los elementos teóricos y prácticos, como aportaciones del trabajo, con sus correspondientes adecuaciones, se consideran aplicables también en otros contextos universitarios, se sugiere la generalización de la presente investigación a favor del perfeccionamiento del Plan de estudio de la Licenciatura en Educación Física y Deporte y su empleo como vía para la superación de la comunidad universitaria en los diferentes escenarios.
Published: 2020

9. Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests

Author: Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Oliver L. Phillips, Roel J. W. Brienen, Sophie Fauset, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Timothy R. Baker, Kuo-Jung Chao, Ted R. Feldpausch, Emanuel Gloor, Niro Higuchi, Jeanne Houwing-Duistermaat, Jon Lloyd, Haiyan Liu, Yadvinder Malhi, Beatriz Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Lourens Poorter, Marcos Silveira, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Esteban Alvarez Dávila, Jhon del Aguila Pasquel, Everton Almeida, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, Ana Andrade, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Eric Arets, Luzmila Arroyo, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Michel Baisie, Christopher Baraloto, Plínio Barbosa Camargo, Jorcely Barroso, Lilian Blanc, Damien Bonal, Frans Bongers, René Boot, Foster Brown, Benoit Burban, José Luís Camargo, Wendeson Castro, Victor Chama Moscoso, Jerome Chave, James Comiskey, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Antonio Lola da Costa, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Anthony Di Fiore, Aurélie Dourdain, Terry Erwin, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Rafael Herrera, Eurídice Honorio Coronado, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Eliana Jimenez-Rojas, Timothy Killeen, Susan Laurance, William Laurance, Aurora Levesley, Simon L. Lewis, Karina Liana Lisboa Melgaço Ladvocat, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Thomas Lovejoy, Patrick Meir, Casimiro Mendoza, Paulo Morandi, David Neill, Adriano José Nogueira Lima, Percy Nuñez Vargas, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Guido Pardo, Julie Peacock, Marielos Peña-Claros, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Georgia Pickavance, John Pipoly, Nigel Pitman, Adriana Prieto, Thomas A. M. Pugh, Carlos Quesada, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Simone Matias de Almeida Reis, Maxime Rejou-Machain, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Lily Rodriguez Bayona, Agustín Rudas, Rafael Salomão, Julio Serrano, Javier Silva Espejo, Natalino Silva, James Singh, Clement Stahl, Juliana Stropp, Varun Swamy, Joey Talbot, Hans ter Steege, John Terborgh, Raquel Thomas, Marisol Toledo, Armando Torres-Lezama, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Geertje van der Heijden, Peter van der Meer, Peter van der Hout, Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, Vincent Vos, Roderick Zagt, Pieter Zuidema, and David Galbraith
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Tree mortality has been shown to be the dominant control on carbon storage in Amazon forests, but little is known of how and why Amazon forest trees die. Here the authors analyse a large Amazon-wide dataset, finding that fast-growing species face greater mortality risk, but that slower-growing individuals within a species are more likely to die, regardless of size.
Published: 2020
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10. Juegos para el desarrollo cognitivo desde la clase de Educación Física

Author: Roberto Alexis Vera Orihuela, Yorisel Oriana Carmenate Figueredo, and Marisol Toledo Sánchez
Subjects: juegos, desarrollo cognitivo, educación física, Education, Education (General), L7-991
Abstract: La investigación se sustenta en juegos pre-deportivos integradores para el desarrollo cognitivo de los alumnos de 6to grado en las clases de Educación Física de la Escuela Primaria Antonio Maceo Grajales, con el objetivo de diseñar juegos para solucionar las dificultades que estos presentan en las asignaturas Español, Matemáticas e Historia, buscando instrumentos medibles y de análisis con la finalidad de reconocer el mérito y lograr lo propuesto, debilidad a lo cual responde el problema de investigación. Se realiza un estudio no experimental transceccional descriptivo donde se pretendió describir cómo lograr la relación intermateria en estas clases. La muestra fue de 81 alumnos, 4 profesores y 7 especialistas de experiencia. Se parte de las características de las clases en el grado, algunas concepciones de juegos y motivación, se tiene en cuenta la necesidad de desarrollo multilateral integral de la personalidad, así como el análisis del programa y las orientaciones metodológicas. El análisis porcentual permite el procesamiento de los resultados, los cuales quedaron validados según criterio de especialistas como una herramienta útil y necesaria para los docentes que imparten el grado.
Published: 2019

11. Modelling carbon stock and carbon sequestration ecosystem services for policy design: a comprehensive approach using a dynamic vegetation model

Author: Sandra Quijas, Alice Boit, Kirsten Thonicke, Guillermo Murray-Tortarolo, Tuyeni Mwampamba, Margaret Skutsch, Margareth Simoes, Nataly Ascarrunz, Marielos Peña-Claros, Laurence Jones, Eric Arets, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Elena Lazos, Marisol Toledo, Lucieta G. Martorano, Rodrigo Ferraz, and Patricia Balvanera
Subjects: christine fürst, Human ecology. Anthropogeography, GF1-900, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract: Ecosystem service (ES) models can only inform policy design adequately if they incorporate ecological processes. We used the Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land (LPJmL) model, to address following questions for Mexico, Bolivia and Brazilian Amazon: (i) How different are C stocks and C sequestration quantifications under standard (when soil and litter C and heterotrophic respiration are not considered) and comprehensive (including all C stock and heterotrophic respiration) approach? and (ii) How does the valuation of C stock and C sequestration differ in national payments for ES and global C funds or markets when comparing both approach? We found that up to 65% of C stocks have not been taken into account by neglecting to include C stored in soil and litter, resulting in gross underpayments (up to 500 times lower). Since emissions from heterotrophic respiration of organic material offset a large proportion of C gained through growth of living matter, we found that markets and decision-makers are inadvertently overestimating up to 100 times C sequestrated. New approaches for modelling C services relevant ecological process-based can help accounting for C in soil, litter and heterotrophic respiration and become important for the operationalization of agreements on climate change mitigation following the COP21 in 2015.
Published: 2019
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12. Author Correction: Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests

Author: Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Oliver L. Phillips, Roel J. W. Brienen, Sophie Fauset, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Timothy R. Baker, Kuo-Jung Chao, Ted R. Feldpausch, Emanuel Gloor, Niro Higuchi, Jeanne Houwing-Duistermaat, Jon Lloyd, Haiyan Liu, Yadvinder Malhi, Beatriz Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Lourens Poorter, Marcos Silveira, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Esteban Alvarez Dávila, Jhon del Aguila Pasquel, Everton Almeida, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, Ana Andrade, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Eric Arets, Luzmila Arroyo, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Michel Baisie, Christopher Baraloto, Plínio Barbosa Camargo, Jorcely Barroso, Lilian Blanc, Damien Bonal, Frans Bongers, René Boot, Foster Brown, Benoit Burban, José Luís Camargo, Wendeson Castro, Victor Chama Moscoso, Jerome Chave, James Comiskey, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Antonio Lola da Costa, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Anthony Di Fiore, Aurélie Dourdain, Terry Erwin, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Rafael Herrera, Eurídice Honorio Coronado, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Eliana Jimenez-Rojas, Timothy Killeen, Susan Laurance, William Laurance, Aurora Levesley, Simon L. Lewis, Karina Liana Lisboa Melgaço Ladvocat, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Thomas Lovejoy, Patrick Meir, Casimiro Mendoza, Paulo Morandi, David Neill, Adriano José Nogueira Lima, Percy Nuñez Vargas, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Guido Pardo, Julie Peacock, Marielos Peña-Claros, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Georgia Pickavance, John Pipoly, Nigel Pitman, Adriana Prieto, Thomas A. M. Pugh, Carlos Quesada, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Simone Matias de Almeida Reis, Maxime Rejou-Machain, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Lily Rodriguez Bayona, Agustín Rudas, Rafael Salomão, Julio Serrano, Javier Silva Espejo, Natalino Silva, James Singh, Clement Stahl, Juliana Stropp, Varun Swamy, Joey Talbot, Hans ter Steege, John Terborgh, Raquel Thomas, Marisol Toledo, Armando Torres-Lezama, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Geertje van der Heijden, Peter van der Meer, Peter van der Hout, Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, Vincent Vos, Roderick Zagt, Pieter Zuidema, and David Galbraith
Subjects: Science
Abstract: A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20537-x
Published: 2021
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13. La vegetación de las lajas en la región de Lomerío, Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Author: Bonifacio MOSTACEDO, Marisol TOLEDO, and Todd S. FREDERICKSEN
Subjects: diversidad florística, laja, inselberg, Bolivia, bosque tropical seco, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract: Estudiamos la riqueza y composición de especies vegetales en tres afloramientos rocosos (lajas) en Lomerío, Santa Cruz, Bolivia, dentro de un bosque seco tropical. Determinamos la variación de la vegetación desde el centro hacia el borde de las lajas, además que caracterizamos algunas especies propias de este hábitat. La riqueza de especies varía entre lajas, pero, en forma conjunta esta riqueza puede ser mayor a otros tipos de bosque aledaños a las lajas. La riqueza de especies fue mayor en el borde que en el centro de las lajas. En el borde de las lajas, la riqueza de especies varia según la distancia al centro de las lajas; la mayor riqueza se encontró en los primeros 10 m del borde. En el centro de las lajas Deuterocohnia meziana Kuntze ex Mez fue la especie más dominante, mientras que las especies más abundantes fueron D. meziana y Monvillea kroenleinii R. Kiesling. En el borde de las lajas Anthurium plowmanii Croat, Pseudananas sagenarius (Arruda) Camargo, Urera baccifera L., Casearia gossypiosperma Briq., Aspidosperma rigidum Rusby y Cereus tacuaralensis Cárdenas fueron las especies más abundantes. De acuerdo a las clases diamétricas, se puede considerar que existe regeneración natural para las principales especies arbóreas. Las lajas son hábitats muy importantes que deben considerarse dentro del manejo forestal de bosques naturales adyacentes, puesto que constituyen lugares de alta diversidad y endemismo de plantas y animales y que son refugios y fuentes de alimentación de muchas especies de animales.
Published: 2001
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14. Differential growth responses to water balance of coexisting deciduous tree species are linked to wood density in a Bolivian tropical dry forest.

Author: Hooz A Mendivelso, J Julio Camarero, Oriol Royo Obregón, Emilia Gutiérrez, and Marisol Toledo
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: A seasonal period of water deficit characterizes tropical dry forests (TDFs). There, sympatric tree species exhibit a diversity of growth rates, functional traits, and responses to drought, suggesting that each species may possess different strategies to grow under different conditions of water availability. The evaluation of the long-term growth responses to changes in the soil water balance should provide an understanding of how and when coexisting tree species respond to water deficit in TDFs. Furthermore, such differential growth responses may be linked to functional traits related to water storage and conductance. We used dendrochronology and climate data to retrospectively assess how the radial growth of seven coexisting deciduous tree species responded to the seasonal soil water balance in a Bolivian TDF. Linear mixed-effects models were used to quantify the relationships between basal area increment and seasonal water balance. We related these relationships with wood density and sapwood production to assess if they affect the growth responses to climate. The growth of all species responded positively to water balance during the wet season, but such responses differed among species as a function of their wood density. For instance, species with a strong growth response to water availability averaged a low wood density which may facilitate the storage of water in the stem. By contrast, species with very dense wood were those whose growth was less sensitive to water availability. Coexisting tree species thus show differential growth responses to changes in soil water balance during the wet season. Our findings also provide a link between wood density, a trait related to the ability of trees to store water in the stem, and wood formation in response to water availability.
Published: 2013
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15. Reassessing measures of risk for homelessness among families with children in New York City

Author: Daniel C. Farrell, Alexis Kuerbis, Ashwin Parulkar, Matthew Preda, Marisol Toledo-Liz, and Renee Fuller
Subjects: Urban Studies, Sociology and Political Science, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Development
Published: 2023

16. Modelling carbon stock and carbon sequestration ecosystem services for policy design: a comprehensive approach using a dynamic vegetation model

Author: Guillermo N. Murray-Tortarolo, Elena Lazos, Kirsten Thonicke, Marisol Toledo, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Alice Boit, Tuyeni H. Mwampamba, Margaret Skutsch, Patricia Balvanera, Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano, Eric Arets, Rodrigo P.D. Ferraz, Margareth Simoes, Nataly Ascarrunz, Marielos Peña-Claros, Sandra Quijas, Laurence Jones, SANDRA QUIJAS, CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO DE LA COSTA, UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA, PUERTO VALLARTA, MEXICO, ALICE BOIT, INSTITUTE OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF POTSDAM, POTSDAM, GERMANY, KIRSTEN THONICKE, RESEARCH DOMAIN I EARTH SYSTEM ANALYSIS, POTSDAM INSTITUTE FOR CLIMATE IMPACT, RESEARCH, POTSDAM, GERMANY, GUILLERMO MURRAY-TORTAROLO, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN ECOSISTEMAS Y SUSTENTABILIDAD, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO, MORELIA, MEXICO, TUYENI MWAMPAMBA, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN ECOSISTEMAS Y SUSTENTABILIDAD, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO, MORELIA, MEXICO, MARGARET SKUTSCH, CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN GEOGRAFÍA AMBIENTAL, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE, MÉXICO, MORELIA, MEXICO, MARGARETH GONCALVES SIMOES, CNPS, NATALY ASCARRUNZ, EXECUTIVE DIRECTION, INSTITUTO BOLIVIANO DE INVESTIGACIÓN FORESTAL, SANTA CRUZ DE LA SIERRA, BOLIVIA, MARIELOS PEÑA-CLAROS, FOREST ECOLOGY AND FOREST MANAGEMENT GROUP, WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY, WAGENINGEN, THE NETHERLANDS, LAURENCE JONES, CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY & HYDROLOGY, NATURAL ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH COUNCIL, BANGOR, UNITED KINGDOM, ERIC ARETS, WAGENINGEN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, WAGENINGEN UR, WAGENINGEN, THE NETHERLANDS, VÍCTOR J. JARAMILLO, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN ECOSISTEMAS Y SUSTENTABILIDAD, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO, MORELIA, MEXICO, ELENA LAZOS, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES SOCIALES, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO, CIUDAD DE MEXICO, MEXICO, MARISOL TOLEDO, RESEARCH CORDINATION, INSTITUTO BOLIVIANO DE INVESTIGACIÓN FORESTAL, SANTA CRUZ DE LA SIERRA, BOLIVIA, LUCIETA GUERREIRO MARTORANO, CPATU, RODRIGO PECANHA DEMONTE FERRAZ, CNPS, and PATRICIA BALVANERA, INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN ECOSISTEMAS Y SUSTENTABILIDAD, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO, MORELIA, MEXICO.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, christine fürst, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, dynamic global vegetation model, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Carbon sequestration, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecology and Environment, Ecosystem services, Carbono do solo, Environmental protection, Respiração heterotrófica, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Carbon soil, Modelo dinâmico de vegetação global, lcsh:Human ecology. Anthropogeography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Stock (geology), Carbon stock, Vegetatie, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Valuation (finance), lcsh:GE1-350, Vegetation, Mercados globais de carbono, Amazon rainforest, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, decision-makers, Climate change mitigation, heterotrophic respiration, Christine Fürst, Tomadores de decisão, Automotive Engineering, Pagamento por serviços ecossistêmicos, Environmental science, carbon litter, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, global carbon markets, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Policy design, payment for ecosystem services, lcsh:GF1-900
Abstract: Ecosystem service (ES) models can only inform policy design adequately if they incorporate ecological processes. We used the Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land (LPJmL) model, to address following questions for Mexico, Bolivia and Brazilian Amazon: (i) How different are C stocks and C sequestration quantifications under standard (when soil and litter C and heterotrophic respiration are not considered) and comprehensive (including all C stock and heterotrophic respiration) approach? and (ii) How does the valuation of C stock and C sequestration differ in national payments for ES and global C funds or markets when comparing both approach? We found that up to 65% of C stocks have not been taken into account by neglecting to include C stored in soil and litter, resulting in gross underpayments (up to 500 times lower). Since emissions from heterotrophic respiration of organic material offset a large proportion of C gained through growth of living matter, we found that markets and decision-makers are inadvertently overestimating up to 100 times C sequestrated. New approaches for modelling C services relevant ecological process-based can help accounting for C in soil, litter and heterotrophic respiration and become important for the operationalization of agreements on climate change mitigation following the COP21 in 2015. Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-28T23:41:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2018056.pdf: 4636292 bytes, checksum: f0c3c2bb494dc8dc92d947d954894047 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-28
Published: 2019

17. Biodiversity and climate determine the functioning of Neotropical forests

Author: Jill Thompson, Masha T. van der Sande, Nataly Ascarrunz, Beatriz Salgado-Negret, Peter van der Hout, Eric Arets, Ivan Schiavini, Brian J. Enquist, Juan Carlos Licona, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, Jorge Rodríguez-Velazques, Jamir Prado-Junior, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Christopher J. Nytch, Marielos Peña-Claros, Rodrigo Muñoz, Elkin A. Tenorio, Eduardo A. Pérez-García, Jorge A. Meave, Nathan G. Swenson, Marisol Toledo, Bryan Finegan, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Jess K. Zimmerman, Lucas Mazzei, María Uriarte, Lourens Poorter, Lourens Poorter, Wageningen University and Research, Masha T. van der Sande, Wageningen University and Research, Eric J. M. M. Arets, Wageningen University and Research, Nataly Ascarrunz, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), FCA-UAGRM, Brian Enquist, University of Arizona, Bryan Finegan, CATIE, Juan Carlos Licona, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), FCA-UAGRM, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, LUCAS JOSE MAZZEI DE FREITAS, CPATU, Jorge A. Meave, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Rodrigo Muñoz, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Christopher J. Nytch, University of Puerto Rico, Alexandre A. de Oliveira, USP, Eduardo A. Pérez-García, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Jamir Prado-Junior, UFU, Jorge Rodríguez-Velázques, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, Beatriz Salgado-Negret, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt / Universidad del Norte, Ivan Schiavini, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Nathan G. Swenson, University of Maryland, Elkin A. Tenorio, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt / Calima: Fundación para la Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Conservación en el Trópico, Jill Thompson, University of Puerto Rico / Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Marisol Toledo, UAGRM, Maria Uriarte, Columbia University, Peter van der Hout, Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, Jess K. Zimmerman, University of Puerto Rico, and Marielos Peña-Claros, Wageningen University and Research.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Biodiversity, Biomassa, Produtividade, 01 natural sciences, Basal area, Floresta Tropical, Forest and Landscape Ecology, biodiversity, Global and Planetary Change, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, Forest dynamics, Agroforestry, soil fertility, Biodiversidade, PE&RC, Geography, Productivity (ecology), ecosystem functioning, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Dinâmica da floresta, forest dynamics, tropical forest, productivity, Biogeography, Ecology (disciplines), water, complex mixtures, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecology and Environment, Carbono, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecosystem, Vegetatie, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Vegetation, biomass, carbon, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Ecossistema, Água, Environmental science, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Fertilidade do Solo, Species richness, Soil fertility
Abstract: Aim: Tropical forests account for a quarter of the global carbon storage and a third of the terrestrial productivity. Few studies have teased apart the relative importance of environmental factors and forest attributes for ecosystem functioning, especially for the tropics. This study aims to relate aboveground biomass (AGB) and biomass dynamics (i.e., net biomass productivity and its underlying demographic drivers: biomass recruitment, growth and mortality) to forest attributes (tree diversity, community-mean traits and stand basal area) and environmental conditions (water availability, soil fertility and disturbance). Location: Neotropics. Methods: We used data from 26 sites, 201 1-ha plots and >92,000 trees distributed across the Neotropics. We quantified for each site water availability and soil total exchangeable bases and for each plot three key community-weighted mean functional traits that are important for biomass stocks and productivity. We used structural equation models to test the hypothesis that all drivers have independent, positive effects on biomass stocks and dynamics. Results: Of the relationships analysed, vegetation attributes were more frequently associated significantly with biomass stocks and dynamics than environmental conditions (in 67 vs. 33% of the relationships). High climatic water availability increased biomass growth and stocks, light disturbance increased biomass growth, and soil bases had no effect. Rarefied tree species richness had consistent positive relationships with biomass stocks and dynamics, probably because of niche complementarity, but was not related to net biomass productivity. Community-mean traits were good predictors of biomass stocks and dynamics. Main conclusions: Water availability has a strong positive effect on biomass stocks and growth, and a future predicted increase in (atmospheric) drought might, therefore, potentially reduce carbon storage. Forest attributes, including species diversity and community-weighted mean traits, have independent and important relationships with AGB stocks, dynamics and ecosystem functioning, not only in relatively simple temperate systems, but also in structurally complex hyper-diverse tropical forests.
Published: 2017

18. Wet and dry tropical forests show opposite successional pathways in wood density but converge over time

Author: Geraldo Wilson Fernandes, Horacio Paz, Daniel Piotto, Maria das Dores Magalhães Veloso, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, Silvio Nolasco de Oliveira Neto, Naomi B. Schwartz, Dylan Craven, Francisco Mora, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, Susana Ochoa-Gaona, Vanessa de Souza Moreno, G. Bruce Williamson, Edwin Lebrija-Trejos, Jarcilene S. Almeida-Cortez, Masha T. van der Sande, Marc K. Steininger, José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni, María C. Fandiño, Sebastião Venâncio Martins, Erika Marin-Spiotta, Ricardo Gomes César, Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa, Madelon Lohbeck, Lucía Sanaphre-Villanueva, Sandra M. Durán, Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano, Frans Bongers, Jorge Ruiz, Marisol Toledo, William Wayt Thomas, Juan Manuel Dupuy, Marielos Peña-Claros, S. Joseph Wright, Sandra Cristina Müller, Francisco S. Álvarez, Jess K. Zimmerman, Elisa Díaz García, Vanessa Granda Moser, Rita C. G. Mesquita, André Braga Junqueira, Jérôme Chave, Robert Muscarella, Susan G. Letcher, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Justin M. Becknell, Luis Felipe Arreola Villa, Catarina C. Jakovac, Tony Vizcarra Bentos, Daisy H. Dent, Patricia Balvanera, Hans F. M. Vester, Michiel van Breugel, Eben N. Broadbent, Rodrigo Muñoz, Luis P. Utrera, Jefferson S. Hall, Mark Westoby, Lourens Poorter, Robin L. Chazdon, José Luis Andrade, Kátia Janaina Zanini, Paulo Eduardo dos Santos Massoca, Bryan Finegan, Pedro Manuel Villa, Radika Bhaskar, Omar R. Lopez, María Uriarte, Julie S. Denslow, Ben H. J. de Jong, Deborah K. Kennard, Gabriel Dalla Colletta, Mário M. Espírito Santo, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes, Hans van der Wal, Saara J. DeWalt, Vanessa K. Boukili, Jorge A. Meave, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Medicine [New York], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica [Vitoria] (Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo) (UFES ), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Edmonton], University of Alberta, Columbia University [New York], Conservation International, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Dpt Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie University, and Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Secondary succession, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Drought tolerance, Ecological succession, Forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Forest restoration, Trees, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, Tropical climate, Dry season, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Ecology, Reforestation, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Wood, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Plant Production Systems, FLORESTAS TROPICAIS, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Crop and Weed Ecology
Abstract: Tropical forests are converted at an alarming rate for agricultural use and pastureland, but also regrow naturally through secondary succession. For successful forest restoration, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of secondary succession. These mechanisms may vary across forest types, but analyses across broad spatial scales are lacking. Here, we analyse forest recovery using 1,403 plots that differ in age since agricultural abandonment from 50 sites across the Neotropics. We analyse changes in community composition using species-specific stem wood density (WD), which is a key trait for plant growth, survival and forest carbon storage. In wet forest, succession proceeds from low towards high community WD (acquisitive towards conservative trait values), in line with standard successional theory. However, in dry forest, succession proceeds from high towards low community WD (conservative towards acquisitive trait values), probably because high WD reflects drought tolerance in harsh early successional environments. Dry season intensity drives WD recovery by influencing the start and trajectory of succession, resulting in convergence of the community WD over time as vegetation cover builds up. These ecological insights can be used to improve species selection for reforestation. Reforestation species selected to establish a first protective canopy layer should, among other criteria, ideally have a similar WD to the early successional communities that dominate under the prevailing macroclimatic conditions.
Published: 2019

19. Functional recovery of secondary tropical forests

Author: Juan Manuel Dupuy, José Luis Andrade, Kátia Janaina Zanini, Lucía Sanaphre-Villanueva, Mário M. Espírito Santo, Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa, Bryan Finegan, Saara J. DeWalt, Sandra M. Durán, Michiel van Breugel, Jorge A. Meave, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, Sandra Cristina Müller, Luis P. Utrera, José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni, Catarina C. Jakovac, Vanessa Granda Moser, Vanessa Boukili, Robin L. Chazdon, Daisy H. Dent, Lourens Poorter, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Erika Marin-Spiotta, Ricardo Gomes César, Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes, Dylan Craven, Frans Bongers, Robert Muscarella, Susana Ochoa-Gaona, Marisol Toledo, Maria das Dores Magalhães Veloso, Edwin Lebrija-Trejos, Madelon Lohbeck, Jess K. Zimmerman, Radika Bhaskar, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, Vanessa de Souza Moreno, Horacio Paz, Jefferson S. Hall, Mark Westoby, Justin M. Becknell, Jérôme Chave, Rodrigo Muñoz, Masha T. van der Sande, Luis Felipe Arreola Villa, S. Joseph Wright, Francisco Mora, Deborah K. Kennard, Gabriel Dalla Colletta, Rafael S. Oliveira, Geraldo Wilson Fernandes, Francisco S. Álvarez, Susan G. Letcher, Omar R. Lopez, Ben H. J. de Jong, Elisa Díaz García, de Jarcilene S. Almeida, María Uriarte, and Julie S. Denslow
Subjects: Rainfall, Conservation of Natural Resources, Secondary succession, Chronosequence, Drought tolerance, Ecological succession, Forests, Biology, Models, Biological, Forest restoration, Tropical forest, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecosystem, Shade tolerance, Tropical Climate, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Community assembly, USO DO SOLO, Biological Sciences, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Deciduous, Plant Production Systems, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, Crop and Weed Ecology, Functional traits
Abstract: One-third of all Neotropical forests are secondary forests that regrow naturally after agricultural use through secondary succession. We need to understand better how and why succession varies across environmental gradients and broad geographic scales. Here, we analyze functional recovery using community data on seven plant characteristics (traits) of 1,016 forest plots from 30 chronosequence sites across the Neotropics. By analyzing communities in terms of their traits, we enhance understanding of the mechanisms of succession, assess ecosystem recovery, and use these insights to propose successful forest restoration strategies. Wet and dry forests diverged markedly for several traits that increase growth rate in wet forests but come at the expense of reduced drought tolerance, delay, or avoidance, which is important in seasonally dry forests. Dry and wet forests showed different successional pathways for several traits. In dry forests, species turnover is driven by drought tolerance traits that are important early in succession and in wet forests by shade tolerance traits that are important later in succession. In both forests, deciduous and compound-leaved trees decreased with forest age, probably because microclimatic conditions became less hot and dry. Our results suggest that climatic water availability drives functional recovery by influencing the start and trajectory of succession, resulting in a convergence of community trait values with forest age when vegetation cover builds up. Within plots, the range in functional trait values increased with age. Based on the observed successional trait changes, we indicate the consequences for carbon and nutrient cycling and propose an ecologically sound strategy to improve forest restoration success.
Published: 2021

20. The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass

Author: Cintia Rodrigues de Souza, Ivan Lakyda, Ulrik Ilstedt, Luzmila Arroyo, Jean Claude Konan Koffi, Dennis Del Castillo Torres, Klaus Scipal, Bruno Hérault, Olga V. Trefilova, Krzysztof Stereńczak, Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez, Pulchérie Bissiengou, John T. Woods, Petro Lakyda, Andrii Bilous, Olga V. Moroziuk, Sergey Vasiliev, Casimiro Mendoza, C. Dresel, Jason Vleminckx, José Antonio Manzanera, Thales A.P. West, Ted R. Feldpausch, Hervé Memiaghe, Estella F. Vedrova, Maria Shchepashchenko, Linda See, Hans ter Steege, Samsudin Musa, Nicolas Labrière, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Christoph Perger, Terry L. Erwin, Alexei Aleinikov, Ervan Rutishauser, Hannsjorg Woell, Irie Casimir Zo-Bi, Simon L. Lewis, Marcus Vinicio Neves d'Oliveira, Mikhail A. Kuznetsov, N. V. Lukina, Nataly Ascarrunz, Justyna Szatniewska, Lucas Mazzei, Dilshad M. Danilina, Wannes Hubau, V.N. Karminov, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Toshinori Okuda, Steffen Fritz, Vladimir G. Radchenko, Edson Vidal, Raisa K. Matyashuk, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Bonaventure Sonké, Toshihiro Yamada, Maksym Matsala, Viktor V. Ivanov, Timothy J. Killeen, Mikhail D. Evdokimenko, John R. Poulsen, Hermann Taedoumg, David F. R. P. Burslem, Zamah Shari Nur Hajar, K. S. Bobkova, Nicholas J. Berry, C. Amani, Eleneide Doff Sotta, Sergey V. Verhovets, Caroline Bedeau, Celso Paulo de Azevedo, Yadvinder Malhi, Ernest Gothard-Bassébé, Verginia Wortel, Kenneth Rodney, N. E. Shevchenko, Antonio García-Abril, Milton Kanashiro, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Timothy R. Baker, Maureen Playfair, Leonid Krivobokov, Laurent Descroix, Elena B. Tikhonova, Ernest G. Foli, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Keith C. Hamer, Anatoly Shvidenko, Dmitry Schepaschenko, Alfonso Alonso, Olga Martynenko, M. E. Konovalova, Svitlana Bilous, Jan Krejza, Florian Hofhansl, Jan Falck, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Stuart J. Davies, John Armston, Vincent A. Vos, Roel J. W. Brienen, Oliver L. Phillips, Andrey Osipov, Wolfgang Wanek, Farida Herry Susanty, Jérôme Chave, Robin B. Foster, Richard Condit, Anders Karlsson, Lilian Blanc, Juan Carlos Licona, Niro Higuchi, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Stephen P. Hubbell, Stephan A. Pietsch, Radomir Bałazy, Marisol Toledo, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Ruben Valbuena, Richard Lucas, Luís Cláudio de Oliveira, P. V. Ontikov, Nadezhda A. Vladimirova, Daniel Lussetti, Florian Kraxner, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Andes Hamuraby Rozak, Foma K. Vozmitel, Maria Gornova, Marcos Silveira, Plinio Sist, A. V. Gornov, Tatyana Braslavskaya, Haruni Krisnawati, Leonid Stonozhenko, D. I. Nazimova, James Singh, Géraldine Derroire, Liudmila Mukhortova, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forêts et Sociétés (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 Forêts et Sociétés), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Commissariat général du Plan (CGP), Premier ministre, AgroParisTech, Mensurat Unit, Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), ONF - Direction régionale de la Guyane [Cayenne], Office National des Forêts (ONF), Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique (CENAREST), CENAREST, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Dept Geog, University College of London [London] (UCL), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Embrapa Amapa, Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Instituto Nacional de Pequisas da Amazônia, Instituto National de Pequisas da Amazonia Brazil, Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Neuchâtel, Fond National Suisse, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] (MIPT), Department of Geography and Earth Sciences (DGES), Aberystwyth University, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Instituto de Manejo Forestal, Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Institute for Evolutionary Ecology (IEE), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), CarboForExpert, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, University of São Paulo, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Biodiversity Department, Center for Agricultural Research in Suriname (CELOS), Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, DMITRY SCHEPASCHENKO, SAMSUDIN MUSA, DINA I. NAZIMOVA, TOSHINORI OKUDA, PETR V. ONTIKOV, ANDREY F. OSIPOV, STEPHAN PIETSCH, MAUREEN PLAYFAIR, JOHN POULSEN, VLADIMIR G. RADCHENKO, KENNETH RODNEY, ANDES H. ROZAK, ERVAN RUTISHAUSER, LINDA SEE, MARIA SHCHEPASHCHENKO, RAISA K. MATYASHUK, MAKSYM MATSALA, OLGA V. MARTYNENKO, RODOLFO VASQUEZ MARTINEZ, BEN HUR MARIMON JUNIOR, BEATRIZ MARIMON, JOSÉ ANTONIO MANZANERA, FLORIAN HOFHANSL, MARCELINO CARNEIRO GUEDES, CPAF-AP, LUCAS JOSE MAZZEI DE FREITAS, CPATU, PETRO I. LAKYDA, JUAN CARLOS LICONA, JÉRÔME CHAVE, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, SIMON L. LEWIS, STUART J. DAVIES, MAXIME RÉJOU-MÉCHAIN, PLINIO SIST, KLAUS SCIPAL, CHRISTOPH PERGER, BRUNO HERAULT, NICOLAS LABRIÈRE, KOFI AFFUM-BAFFOE, ALEXEI ALEINIKOV, ALFONSO ALONSO, CHRISTIAN AMANI, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, JOHN ARMSTON, LUZMILA ARROYO, NATALY ASCARRUNZ, CELSO PAULO DE AZEVEDO, CPAA, TIMOTHY BAKER, RADOMIR BALAZY, CAROLINE BEDEAU, NICHOLAS BERRY, ANDRII M. BILOUS, SVITLANA YU. BILOUS, PULCHÉRIE BISSIENGOU, LILIAN BLANC, KAPITOLINA S. BOBKOVA, TATYANA BRASLAVSKAYA, ROEL BRIENEN, DAVID F. R. P. BURSLEM, RICHARD CONDIT, AIDA CUNI-SANCHEZ, DILSHAD DANILINA, DENNIS DEL CASTILLO TORRES, GÉRALDINE DERROIRE, LAURENT DESCROIX, ELENEIDE DOFF SOTTA, MARCUS VINICIO NEVES D OLIVEIRA, CPAF-AC, CHRISTOPHER DRESEL, TERRY ERWIN, MIKHAIL D. EVDOKIMENKO, JAN FALCK, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, ERNEST G. FOLI, ROBIN FOSTER, STEFFEN FRITZ, ANTONIO DAMIAN GARCIA-ABRIL, ALEKSEY GORNOV, MARIA GORNOVA, ERNEST GOTHARD-BASSÉBÉ, SYLVIE GOURLET-FLEURY, KEITH C. HAMER, FARIDA HERRY SUSANTY, NIRO HIGUCHI, EURÍDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, WANNES HUBAU, STEPHEN HUBBELL, ULRIK ILSTEDT, VIKTOR V. IVANOV, MILTON KANASHIRO, CPATU, ANDERS KARLSSON, VIKTOR N. KARMINOV, TIMOTHY KILLEEN, JEAN-CLAUDE KONAN KOFFI, MARIA KONOVALOVA, FLORIAN KRAXNER, JAN KREJZA, HARUNI KRISNAWATI, LEONID V. KRIVOBOKOV, MIKHAIL A. KUZNETSOV, IVAN LAKYDA, RICHARD M. LUCAS, NATALIA LUKINA, DANIEL LUSSETTI, YADVINDER MALHI, NIKOLAY SHEVCHENKO, ANATOLY SHVIDENKO, MARCOS SILVEIRA, JAMES SINGH, BONAVENTURE SONKÉ, CINTIA RODRIGUES DE SOUZA, CPAA, KRZYSZTOF STERENCZAK, LEONID STONOZHENKO, MARTIN J. P. SULLIVAN, JUSTYNA SZATNIEWSKA, HERMANN TAEDOUMG, HANS TER STEEGE, ELENA TIKHONOVA, MARISOL TOLEDO, OLGA V. TREFILOVA, RUBEN VALBUENA, LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, SERGEY VASILIEV, ESTELLA F. VEDROVA, SERGEY V. VERHOVETS, EDSON VIDAL, NADEZHDA A. VLADIMIROVA, JASON VLEMINCKX, VINCENT A. VOS, FOMA K. VOZMITEL, WOLFGANG WANEK, THALES A. P. WEST, HANNSJORG WOELL, JOHN T. WOODS, VERGINIA WORTEL, TOSHIHIRO YAMADA, ZAMAH SHARI NUR HAJAR, IRIÉ CASIMIR ZO-BI., LUIS CLAUDIO DE OLIVEIRA, CPAF-AC, HERVÉ MEMIAGHE, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, OLGA V. MOROZIUK, LIUDMILA MUKHORTOVA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Systems Ecology, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Office national des forêts (ONF), University of Oxford, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: DYNAMICS, 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Monitoreo de bosques, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, DIVERSITY, Biomasa, Biomassa, Forests, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Forest Observation System (FOS), CARBON STORAGE, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Teledetección, Biomass, NETWORK, Greenhouse gas accounting, lcsh:Science, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Biomass (ecology), Evaluación de los recursos forestales, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Renewable energy, Computer Science Applications, aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa, Biogeography, Manejo Florestal, Forêt, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, SENSITIVITY, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Banque de données, Environmental Monitoring, Sensoriamento Remoto, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, Conservation of Natural Resources, Forest biomass, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, Télédétection, Ecologia Florestal, Library and Information Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, Education, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Forest ecology, Ecosystem, RATES, atténuation des effets du changement climatique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb, 15. Life on land, cartographie des fonctions de la forêt, Climate change mitigation, Bosque tropical, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, DENSITY, Remote Sensing Technology, PATTERNS, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Physical geography, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Réchauffement global, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scale (map), business, ccccccccccccccccccccc
Abstract: Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth’s ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world’s forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities., Measurement(s)above-ground biomass • organic materialTechnology Type(s)tree species census • measurement methodFactor Type(s)geographic location • tree speciesSample Characteristic - Environmentforest biomeSample Characteristic - LocationEarth (planet) Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9850571
Published: 2019

21. Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests

Author: Lily Rodriguez Bayona, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Marisol Toledo, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, José Luís Camargo, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Georgia Pickavance, Pieter A. Zuidema, Christopher Baraloto, Javier Silva Espejo, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Wendeson Castro, Simon L. Lewis, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Karina Liana Lisboa Melgaço Ladvocat, René G. A. Boot, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Lourens Poorter, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Eric Arets, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Benoit Burban, Carlos A. Quesada, Kuo-Jung Chao, Casimiro Mendoza, Hans ter Steege, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Paulo S. Morandi, Adriana Prieto, Juliana Stropp, Eliana Jimenez-Rojas, James Singh, Jon Lloyd, Timothy R. Baker, Jérôme Chave, Ana Andrade, Patrick Meir, Roderick Zagt, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Joey Talbot, Marielos Peña-Claros, Luzmila Arroyo, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Frans Bongers, Michel Baisie, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Varun Swamy, Julio Serrano, Raquel Thomas, Aurora Levesley, Emanuel Gloor, Julie Peacock, David W. Galbraith, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Jeanne Houwing-Duistermaat, Timothy J. Killeen, Yadvinder Malhi, Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Natalino Silva, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Jorcely Barroso, Adriano José Nogueira Lima, Simone Matias Reis, Emilio Vilanova Torre, William F. Laurance, Guido Pardo, James A. Comiskey, Agustín Rudas, Sophie Fauset, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Everton Cristo de Almeida, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Rafael Herrera, Percy Núñez Vargas, John Terborgh, Victor Chama Moscoso, Ted R. Feldpausch, Aurélie Dourdain, Damien Bonal, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Gerardo A. Aymard C, Esteban Alvarez Dávila, Peter J. Van Der Meer, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Terry L. Erwin, Lilian Blanc, Anthony Di Fiore, Antonio Carlos Lola da Costa, Haiyan Liu, Vincent A. Vos, Foster Brown, Roel J. W. Brienen, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, Oliver L. Phillips, Clément Stahl, Niro Higuchi, John Pipoly, Jhon del Aguila Pasquel, Thomas A. M. Pugh, Maxime Rejou-Machain, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Peter van der Hout, University of Leeds, Plymouth University, SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 291585,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-ADG_20110209,T-FORCES(2012), University of Plymouth, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Esquivel-Muelbert A., Phillips O.L., Brienen R.J.W., Fauset S., Sullivan M.J.P., Baker T.R., Chao K.-J., Feldpausch T.R., Gloor E., Higuchi N., Houwing-Duistermaat J., Lloyd J., Liu H., Malhi Y., Marimon B., Marimon Junior B.H., Monteagudo-Mendoza A., Poorter L., Silveira M., Torre E.V., Davila E.A., del Aguila Pasquel J., Almeida E., Loayza P.A., Andrade A., Aragao L.E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami A., Arets E., Arroyo L., Aymard C G.A., Baisie M., Baraloto C., Camargo P.B., Barroso J., Blanc L., Bonal D., Bongers F., Boot R., Brown F., Burban B., Camargo J.L., Castro W., Moscoso V.C., Chave J., Comiskey J., Valverde F.C., da Costa A.L., Cardozo N.D., Di Fiore A., Dourdain A., Erwin T., Llampazo G.F., Vieira I.C.G., Herrera R., Honorio Coronado E., Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I., Jimenez-Rojas E., Killeen T., Laurance S., Laurance W., Levesley A., Lewis S.L., Ladvocat K.L.L.M., Lopez-Gonzalez G., Lovejoy T., Meir P., Mendoza C., Morandi P., Neill D., Nogueira Lima A.J., Vargas P.N., de Oliveira E.A., Camacho N.P., Pardo G., Peacock J., Pena-Claros M., Penuela-Mora M.C., Pickavance G., Pipoly J., Pitman N., Prieto A., Pugh T.A.M., Quesada C., Ramirez-Angulo H., de Almeida Reis S.M., Rejou-Machain M., Correa Z.R., Bayona L.R., Rudas A., Salomao R., Serrano J., Espejo J.S., Silva N., Singh J., Stahl C., Stropp J., Swamy V., Talbot J., ter Steege H., Terborgh J., Thomas R., Toledo M., Torres-Lezama A., Gamarra L.V., van der Heijden G., van der Meer P., van der Hout P., Martinez R.V., Vieira S.A., Cayo J.V., Vos V., Zagt R., Zuidema P., Galbraith D., University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Chemistry(all), Software_GENERAL, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, General Physics and Astronomy, Forests, 01 natural sciences, Amazonegebied, Carbon sink, Trees, Growth–survival trade-off, Risk Factors, Tropical climate, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Biomass, lcsh:Science, Biomass (ecology), GE, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Amazon rainforest, Bomen, Mortality rate, food and beverages, risk factors, mortality, trees, PE&RC, Tropical ecology, Tree (data structure), population characteristics, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS, Brazil, geographic locations, GE Environmental Sciences, Environmental Monitoring, Carbon Sequestration, Science, Physics and Astronomy(all), Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Tree mortality, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Amazonia, Tropische bossen, parasitic diseases, Forest ecology, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecosystem, Author Correction, Vegetatie, Proportional Hazards Models, Tropical Climate, Vegetation, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), DAS, social sciences, General Chemistry, Carbon Dioxide, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Sterfte, lcsh:Q, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted—modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth–survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality., Tree mortality has been shown to be the dominant control on carbon storage in Amazon forests, but little is known of how and why Amazon forest trees die. Here the authors analyse a large Amazon-wide dataset, finding that fast-growing species face greater mortality risk, but that slower-growing individuals within a species are more likely to die, regardless of size.
Published: 2020

22. Fires scorching Bolivia's Chiquitano forest

Author: Martin Jansen, Tobias Kuemmerle, Alfredo Romero-Muñoz, Roberto Vides Almonacid, Marisol Toledo, and Angela M. Nuñez
Subjects: Bolivia, Conservation of Natural Resources, Multidisciplinary, Geography, Forestry, Forests, Wildfires
Published: 2019

23. Author Correction: Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests

Author: Javier Silva Espejo, Kuo-Jung Chao, Antonio Carlos Lola da Costa, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, René G. A. Boot, Lourens Poorter, Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Ana Andrade, Ted R. Feldpausch, Adriano José Nogueira Lima, Yadvinder Malhi, Jon Lloyd, Joey Talbot, Jérôme Chave, José Luís Camargo, Paulo S. Morandi, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Varun Swamy, Adriana Prieto, Lily Rodriguez Bayona, Timothy R. Baker, Julio Serrano, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Haiyan Liu, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Marisol Toledo, Agustín Rudas, Simone Matias Reis, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Juliana Stropp, Christopher Baraloto, Luzmila Arroyo, Simon L. Lewis, Thomas A. M. Pugh, James Singh, Roderick Zagt, Percy Núñez Vargas, John Terborgh, Patricia Alvarez Loayza, Lilian Blanc, Gerardo A. Aymard C, Terry L. Erwin, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Anthony Di Fiore, Peter van der Hout, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Frans Bongers, Niro Higuchi, William F. Laurance, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Sophie Fauset, Hans ter Steege, Karina Liana Lisboa Melgaço Ladvocat, Emanuel Gloor, Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Susan G. Laurance, Foster Brown, Marcos Silveira, Jorcely Barroso, Natalino Silva, Oliver L. Phillips, Clément Stahl, Everton Cristo de Almeida, Jeanne Houwing-Duistermaat, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Rafael Herrera, Victor Chama Moscoso, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Guido Pardo, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Wendeson Castro, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Carlos A. Quesada, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Eric Arets, Pieter A. Zuidema, Aurora Levesley, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, James A. Comiskey, Peter J. Van Der Meer, Vincent A. Vos, Roel J. W. Brienen, Julie Peacock, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Aurélie Dourdain, Georgia Pickavance, Casimiro Mendoza, Marielos Peña-Claros, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Maxime Rejou-Machain, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Benoit Burban, Eliana Jimenez-Rojas, Patrick Meir, Michel Baisie, Raquel Thomas, David W. Galbraith, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Timothy J. Killeen, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, John Pipoly, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Jhon del Aguila Pasquel, Damien Bonal, and Esteban Alvarez Dávila
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Vegetation, Amazon rainforest, Science, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Mode (statistics), General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, PE&RC, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Geography, Statistics, Life Science, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Dead tree, Tree (set theory), Vegetatie
Abstract: The original version of this Article contained an error in Table 2, where the number of individuals in the “All Amazonia” row was reported as 11,6431 instead of 116,431. Also, the original version of this Article contained an error in the Methods, where the R2 for the proportion of broken/uprooted dead trees increase per year was reported as 0.12, the correct value being 0.06. The original version of this Article contained errors in the author affiliations. The affiliation of Gerardo A. Aymard C. with UNELLEZGuanare, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Portuguesa, Venezuela Compensation International Progress S.A. Ciprogress–Greenlife.
Published: 2021

24. Adjusting xylem anatomy and growth to inter-annual climate variability in two Fabaceae species (Centrolobium microchaete, Cenostigma pluviosum) from Bolivian dry tropical forests

Author: Hooz A. Mendivelso, Luz Natalia Mercado, Ana I. García-Cervigón, J. Julio Camarero, and Marisol Toledo
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Moisture, Xylem, Plant Science, Fabaceae, Anatomy, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Hydraulic conductivity, Dry season, Precipitation, Pacific decadal oscillation, 010606 plant biology & botany, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Teleconnection
Abstract: Climate-growth relationships are strong in seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs). To better understand the ecological processes controlling these relationships we need to assess the long-term responses of wood anatomy and radial growth to year-to-year climate variability. We assessed how wood-anatomical traits (mean vessel area –MVA– and vessel density –VD–, percentage of conductive area –CA–, xylem-specific estimated hydraulic conductivity –Ks–) and growth responded to local climate (mean temperature, total precipitation, estimated moisture) variability and teleconnections (Pacific Decadal Oscillation) between 1970 and 2011 in two Fabaceae tree species (Centrolobium microchaete and Cenostigma pluviosum) coexisting in a Bolivian SDTF. We found that C. microchaete produced wider vessels and was more responsive to both local climate conditions and teleconnections than C. pluviosum. In C. microchaete VD positively responded to average temperature in the late-wet season and in the previous dry season, and CA and Ks were higher in years with warmer wet and previous early-dry seasons, as well as in years with higher PDO values. These responses were independent from ring-width variability only for C. microchaete. For C. pluviosum, vessel chronologies were more responsive to local temperature variability, and only MVA and CA positively and negatively responded to moisture in the early-dry and the previous dry seasons, respectively. Our results show that wood hydraulic structure in SDTFs is responsive to climate fluctuations. The combined study of ring width and wood anatomy allows having a more complete picture of the influence of climate on growth, particularly in species as C. microchaete which show low collinearity of tree-ring width and wood plasticity in response to climate variability.
Published: 2021

25. Abiotic and biotic drivers of biomass change in a Neotropical forest

Author: Nataly Ascarrunz, Lourens Poorter, Masha T. van der Sande, Juan Carlos Licona, Marielos Peña-Claros, Marisol Toledo, and Eric Arets
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Bolivia, productivity, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Plant Science, structural equation modelling, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Functional diversity, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, functional traits, Vegetatie, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, disturbance, Abiotic component, Biomass (ecology), Vegetation, species diversity, Ecology, Agroforestry, soil conditions, Species diversity, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Tropical forest, mortality, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, recruitment, Productivity (ecology), Disturbance (ecology), ecosystem functioning, Environmental science, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology
Abstract: Summary1. Tropical fores ts play an important role in the global carbon cycle, but the drivers of net forest biomass change (i.e. net carbon sequestration) are poorly understood. Here, we evaluate how abiotic factors (soil co nditions and disturbance) and biotic factors (forest structure, diversity and communitytrait composition) shape three important demographic proces ses (biomass recruitment, growth and mortality) and how these underlie net biomass change.2. To test this, we evaluated 9 years of biomass dynamics using 48 1-ha plots in a Bolivian tropical moist forest, and measured for the most abundant species eight functional traits that are important for plant carbon gain and loss. Demographic processes were related to the abiotic and biotic factorsusing structural e quation models.3. Variation in net biomass change across plots was mostly due to stand-level mortality, but mortality itself could not be predicted at this scale. Contrary to expectations, we found that species richness and trait composition – which is an indicator for the mass-ratio theory – had little effect on the demographic processes. Biomass recruitment (i.e. the biomass growth by recruiting trees) increased with higher resource availability (i.e. water and light) and with high species richness, probably because of increased resource use efﬁciency. Biomass growth of larger, established trees increased with higher sand content, which may facilitate root growth of larger trees to deeper soil layers.4. In sum, diversity and mass-ratio are of limited importance for the productivity of this forest. Instead, in this moist tropical forest with a marked dry season , demographic processes are most strongly determined by soil texture, soil water availability and forest structure. Only by simultaneously evaluating multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of demog raphic processes, better insights can begained into mechanisms playing a role in the carbon sequestration potential of tropical forests and natural systems in general.
Published: 2017

26. Supplementary material to 'Examining the sustainability and development challenge in agricultural-forest frontiers of the Amazon Basin through the eyes of locals'

Author: Irene Blanco-Gutiérrez, Rhys Manners, Consuelo Varela-Ortega, Ana Tarquis, Lucieta G. Martorano, and Marisol Toledo
Published: 2019

27. Biodiversity recovery of Neotropical secondary forests

Author: Esteban Álvarez-Dávila, Jarcilene S. Almeida-Cortez, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, G. Wilson Fernandes, Rebecca Ostertag, André Braga Junqueira, Natalia Norden, Jorge Rodríguez-Velázquez, Rita C. G. Mesquita, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, José Reinaldo Aguilar-Cano, Francisco Mora, Silvio Nolasco de Oliveira Neto, G. Bruce Williamson, Whendee L. Silver, T. Mitchell Aide, Naomi B. Schwartz, Eduardo A. Pérez-García, Tony Vizcarra Bentos, Jérôme Chave, Lourens Poorter, Alberto Vicentini, Juan Manuel Dupuy, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, Jorn S. Dallinga, Stephen P. Hubbell, Ben H. J. de Jong, Richard Condit, Saara J. DeWalt, Rodrigo Muñoz, Jorge A. Meave, Susana Ochoa-Gaona, Jefferson S. Hall, Catarina C. Jakovac, Edwin Lebrija-Trejos, Marisol Toledo, Erika Marin-Spiotta, Ricardo Gomes César, Deborah K. Kennard, Frans Bongers, Hans van der Wal, Denis Larpin, Daisy H. Dent, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Daniel Piotto, Marco Antonio Romero-Romero, Julie S. Denslow, Patricia Balvanera, Justin M. Becknell, Ma ia Uríarte, Kátia Janaina Zanini, Noel Gonzalez, Mário M. Espírito-Santo, Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa, Jess K. Zimmerman, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Paulo Eduardo dos Santos Massoca, Alma Johanna Hernández, Juan Carlos Licona, Henricus Franciscus M. Vester, Sebastião Venâncio Martins, Bryan Finegan, Pedro Manuel Villa, Sandra M. Durán, Michiel van Breugel, Nataly Ascarrunz, Marielos Peña-Claros, Jennifer S. Powers, Robin L. Chazdon, Susan G. Letcher, Susana Rodríguez-Buriticá, Sandra Cristina Müller, Everardo Valadares de Sá Barreto Sampaio, Lo c Paul Dutrieux, Sofia Calvo-Rodriguez, Edgar Ortiz-Malavassi, Jorge Ruiz, Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes, George A. L. Cabral, William Wayt Thomas, Vanessa Granda Moser, José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni, María C. Fandiño, Hernando García, Maria das Dores Magalhães Veloso, Arlete Silva de Almeida, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Chercheur indépendant, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Direction générale déléguée aux musées et aux jardins botaniques et zoologiques (DGD.MJZ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica [Vitoria] (Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo) (UFES ), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Edmonton], University of Alberta, Columbia University [New York], Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, and Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Secondary succession, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biodiversity, forêt tropicale, Forests, Biodiversity conservation, 01 natural sciences, Species composition, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, conservation des forêts, Recovery, Agricultural land, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Environmental conditions, Research Articles, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Geography, SciAdv r-articles, Forestry, Old-growth forest, PE&RC, FLORESTAS TROPICAIS, Anthropogenic disturbance, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Secondary forests, Research Article, Conservation of Natural Resources, F40 - Écologie végétale, Conservation, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, Life Science, Ecosystem, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, Life Below Water, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Impact sur l'environnement, Tropics, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, biodiversité forestière, Disturbance (ecology), Rarefaction (ecology), Species richness, forêt secondaire, Secondary Recovery
Abstract: Tropical secondary forests recover quickly (decades) in tree species richness but slowly (centuries) in species composition., Old-growth tropical forests harbor an immense diversity of tree species but are rapidly being cleared, while secondary forests that regrow on abandoned agricultural lands increase in extent. We assess how tree species richness and composition recover during secondary succession across gradients in environmental conditions and anthropogenic disturbance in an unprecedented multisite analysis for the Neotropics. Secondary forests recover remarkably fast in species richness but slowly in species composition. Secondary forests take a median time of five decades to recover the species richness of old-growth forest (80% recovery after 20 years) based on rarefaction analysis. Full recovery of species composition takes centuries (only 34% recovery after 20 years). A dual strategy that maintains both old-growth forests and species-rich secondary forests is therefore crucial for biodiversity conservation in human-modified tropical landscapes.
Published: 2019

28. Seasonal drought limits tree species across the Neotropics

Author: Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Jorcely Barroso, Kyle G. Dexter, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Miguel Alexiaides, Victor Chama Moscoso, Corine Vriesendorp, Marcos Silveira, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Kenneth R. Young, Timothy J. Killeen, Sonia Palacios, Milton Aulestia, Todd S. Fredericksen, Ligia E. Urrego, César I.A. Vela, Esteban Alvarez Dávila, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Ted R. Feldpausch, René G. A. Boot, Alfonso Alonso, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Carlos Reynel Rodriguez, Nállarett Dávila, Carlos A. Quesada, Therany Gonzales, Alejandro Araujo Murakami, Milton Tirado, Rodrigo Sierra, Patricio von Hildebrand, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Nigel C. A. Pitman, William Nauray, Simon L. Lewis, Fernando Cornejo, Yadvinder Malhi, Georgia Pickavance, Douglas C. Daly, María Natalia Umaña, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Juliana Stropp, Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez, Francisco Dallmeier, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Terry L. Erwin, Henrik Balslev, Casimiro Mendoza, Anthony Di Fiore, Marielos Peña-Claros, Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Pablo R. Stevenson, Ángela Cano, Ophelia Wang, Charles E. Zartman, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Marisol Toledo, Hugo Mogollón, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Álvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Luzmila Arroyo, Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, James A. Comiskey, Hans ter Steege, Timothy R. Baker, Juan Fernando Phillips, Rojas Eliana Maria Jiménez, Peter M. Jørgensen, Zorayda Restrepo, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Percy Núñez Vargas, John Terborgh, Manuel Ahuite, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Julie Peacock, Vincent A. Vos, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, and Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Tropenbos International, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, RAPID DIVERSIFICATION, Range (biology), TROPICAL FORESTS, Biodiversity, Climate change, Biology, AMAZONIAN FORESTS, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Water Stress, SOUTH-AMERICA, Population Distribution, Plant Community, Tropical Forest, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Precipitation, Neotropical Region, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, METACOMMUNITY STRUCTURE, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, FLORISTIC COMPOSITION, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Data Set, Drought, Ecology, Tropics, Species Diversity, Seasonal Variation, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK, Forest Canopy, GLOBAL LAND AREAS, RAIN-FOREST TREES, Species Richness, Species richness, Global biodiversity
Abstract: Within the tropics, the species richness of tree communities is strongly and positively associated with precipitation. Previous research has suggested that this macroecological pattern is driven by the negative effect of water-stress on the physiological processes of most tree species. This implies that the range limits of taxa are defined by their ability to occur under dry conditions, and thus in terms of species distributions predicts a nested pattern of taxa distribution from wet to dry areas. However, this ‘dry-tolerance’ hypothesis has yet to be adequately tested at large spatial and taxonomic scales. Here, using a dataset of 531 inventory plots of closed canopy forest distributed across the western Neotropics we investigated how precipitation, evaluated both as mean annual precipitation and as the maximum climatological water deficit, influences the distribution of tropical tree species, genera and families. We find that the distributions of tree taxa are indeed nested along precipitation gradients in the western Neotropics. Taxa tolerant to seasonal drought are disproportionally widespread across the precipitation gradient, with most reaching even the wettest climates sampled; however, most taxa analysed are restricted to wet areas. Our results suggest that the ‘dry tolerance' hypothesis has broad applicability in the world's most species-rich forests. In addition, the large number of species restricted to wetter conditions strongly indicates that an increased frequency of drought could severely threaten biodiversity in this region. Overall, this study establishes a baseline for exploring how tropical forest tree composition may change in response to current and future environmental changes in this region. © 2016 The Authors
Published: 2016

29. Old-growth Neotropical forests are shifting in species and trait composition

Author: Anand Roopsind, Masha T. van der Sande, Alfredo Alarcón, Juan Carlos Licona, Angela Luciana de Avila, Bryan Finegan, Lucas Mazzei, Yasmani Cáceres-Siani, Marisol Toledo, Marielos Peña-Claros, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Nataly Ascarrunz, Lourens Poorter, and Eric Arets
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Specific leaf area, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Abundance (ecology), disturbance, drought, environmental gradients, forest dynamics, functional traits, global change, rainfall, resource availability, soil fertility, medicine, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecosystem, Vegetatie, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, geography, Vegetation, geography.geographical_feature_category, Forest dynamics, Ecology, fungi, food and beverages, Global change, 15. Life on land, Seasonality, PE&RC, Old-growth forest, medicine.disease, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, sense organs, Soil fertility, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Tropical forests have long been thought to be in stable state, but recent insights indicate that global change is leading to shifts in forest dynamics and species composition. These shifts may be driven by environmental changes such as increased resource availability, increased drought stress, and/or recovery from past disturbances. The relative importance of these drivers can be inferred from analyzing changes in trait values of tree communities. Here, we evaluate a decade of change in species and trait composition across five old-growth Neotropical forests in Bolivia, Brazil, Guyana, and Costa Rica that cover large gradients in rainfall and soil fertility. To identify the drivers of compositional change, we used data from 29 permanent sample plots and measurements of 15 leaf, stem, and whole-plant traits that are important for plant performance and should respond to global change drivers. We found that forests differ strongly in their community-mean trait values, resulting from differences in soil fertility and annual rainfall seasonality. The abundance of deciduous species with high specific leaf area increases from wet to dry forests. The community-mean wood density is high in the driest forests to protect xylem vessels against drought cavitation, and is high in nutrient-poor forests to increase wood longevity and enhance nutrient residence time in the plant. Interestingly, the species composition changed over time in three of the forests, and the community-mean wood density increased and the specific leaf area decreased in all forests, indicating that these forests are changing toward later successional stages dominated by slow-growing, shade-tolerant species. We did not see changes in other traits that could reflect responses to increased drought stress, such as increased drought deciduousness or decreased maximum adult size, or that could reflect increased resource availability (CO2, rainfall, or nitrogen). Changes in species and trait composition in these forests are therefore most likely caused by recovery from past disturbances. These compositional changes may also lead to shifts in ecosystem processes, such as a lower carbon sequestration and “slower” forest dynamics.
Published: 2016

30. Biomass resilience of Neotropical secondary forests

Author: Marc K. Steininger, Juan Carlos Licona, Sandra M. Durán, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, María Uriarte, Nathan G. Swenson, Julie S. Denslow, Hans van der Wal, Marielos Peña-Claros, Jennifer S. Powers, Jorge Rodríguez-Velázquez, Jorge A. Meave, Susan G. Letcher, José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni, Catarina C. Jakovac, Edith Orihuela-Belmonte, Francisco Mora, Madelon Lohbeck, Daniel Piotto, Dylan Craven, G. Bruce Williamson, Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes, Daisy H. Dent, María C. Fandiño, Juan Manuel Dupuy, I. Eunice Romero-Pérez, Rita C. G. Mesquita, Jorge Ruiz, Patricia Balvanera, Hans F. M. Vester, George A. L. Cabral, Eben N. Broadbent, Jefferson S. Hall, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, T. Mitchell Aide, Robin L. Chazdon, Frans Bongers, Maria das Dores Magalhães Veloso, Saara J. DeWalt, Michiel van Breugel, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Robert Muscarella, Jarcilene S. Almeida-Cortez, Rodrigo Muñoz, Mário M. Espírito-Santo, Susana Ochoa-Gaona, Juan Saldarriaga, Justin M. Becknell, André Braga Junqueira, Vanessa K. Boukili, Tony Vizcarra Bentos, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa, Ben H. J. de Jong, Alberto Vicentini, Marisol Toledo, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Eduardo A. Pérez-García, Lourens Poorter, Deborah K. Kennard, Naomi B. Schwartz, Paulo Eduardo dos Santos Massoca, Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano, Erika Marin-Spiotta, Ricardo Gomes César, and Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Carbon Sequestration, Time Factors, Secondary succession, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Rain, ECOSYSTEM SERVICES, Forests, NORTHEASTERN COSTA-RICA, Carbon sequestration, TROPICAL DRY FOREST, AMAZONIAN FORESTS, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Carbon Cycle, Trees, Deforestation, Tropical climate, Forest ecology, SPECIES COMPOSITION, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Biomass, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Biomass (ecology), Multidisciplinary, Ecology, LAND-USE, Tropics, Humidity, Forestry, PE&RC, Carbon, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, STAND AGE, Latin America, RAIN-FORESTS, Technologie and Innovatie, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Knowledge Technology and Innovation, Kennis, Environmental science, CARBON STOCKS, Ecosystem ecology, Kennis, Technologie and Innovatie, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS
Abstract: Land-use change occurs nowhere more rapidly than in the tropics, where the imbalance between deforestation and forest regrowth has large consequences for the global carbon cycle(1). However, considerable uncertainty remains about the rate of biomass recovery in secondary forests, and how these rates are influenced by climate, landscape, and prior land use(2-4). Here we analyse aboveground biomass recovery during secondary succession in 45 forest sites and about 1,500 forest plots covering the major environmental gradients in the Neotropics. The studied secondary forests are highly productive and resilient. Aboveground biomass recovery after 20 years was on average 122 megagrams per hectare (Mg ha(-1)), corresponding to a net carbon uptake of 3.05 Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1), 11 times the uptake rate of old-growth forests. Aboveground biomass stocks took a median time of 66 years to recover to 90% of old-growth values. Aboveground biomass recovery after 20 years varied 11.3-fold ( from 20 to 225 Mg ha(-1)) across sites, and this recovery increased with water availability (higher local rainfall and lower climatic water deficit). We present a biomass recovery map of Latin America, which illustrates geographical and climatic variation in carbon sequestration potential during forest regrowth. The map will support policies to minimize forest loss in areas where biomass resilience is naturally low (such as seasonally dry forest regions) and promote forest regeneration and restoration in humid tropical lowland areas with high biomass resilience.
Published: 2016

31. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author: Ted R. Feldpausch, Naara Ferreira da Silva, A C Gerardo Aymard, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Milton Tirado, Egleé L. Zent, Nállarett Dávila, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Therany Gonzales, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Francisco Dallmeier, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, William Milliken, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Rafael L. Assis, Natalia Targhetta, César I.A. Vela, Miguel Alexiades, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Henrik Balslev, Ophelia Wang, Patricio von Hildebrand, E. M. Jimenez, Rodolfo Vasquez, José Ferreira Ramos, Alfonso Alonso, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Bruce Hoffman, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Alberto Vincentini, Bruno Garcia Luize, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Corine Vriesendorp, José Luís Camargo, Cláudia Baider, Dairon Cárdenas López, Álvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Adriana Prieto, Natalino Silva, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Christopher Baraloto, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Hans ter Steege, Deborah de Castro, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Fernanda Carvalho, Ademir R. Ruschell, Tinde van Andel, Maria Pires Martins, Yadvinder Malhi, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Agustín Rudas, Marisol Toledo, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Mariana Victória Irume, Terry W. Henkel, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Peter M. Jørgensen, Ben-Hur Marimon, Juliana Stropp, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Daniel Sabatier, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, James A. Comiskey, Thaise Emilio, Roderick Zagt, Gabriel Damasco, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Lionel Hernández, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, William Farfan-Rios, Rodrigo Sierra, Florian Wittmann, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, William E. Magnusson, Miles R. Silman, Anthony Di Fiore, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Daniel Villarroel, Carolina Levis, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Italo Mesones, Priscila Souza, Carolina V. Castilho, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Katia Regina Casula, Jochen Schöngart, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Juan Fernando Phillips, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Carlos Cerón, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Stanford Zent, Daniela Pauletto, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Ana Andrade, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Paul V. A. Fine, Timothy R. Baker, Carlos A. Peres, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Hernán Castellanos, M. P. Pansonato, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Marcelo F. Simon, Casimiro Mendoza, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, William F. Laurance, Jean-François Molino, Ángela Cano, Juliana Schietti, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Luzmila Arroyo, Doug Daly, Julien Engel, Natalia de Castro, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Cid Ferreira, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Kenneth R. Young, Pascal Petronelli, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Timothy J. Killeen, Susamar Pansini, Paul J. M. Maas, Charles E. Zartman, Vincent A. Vos, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Percy Núñez Vargas, John Terborgh, Rogério Gribel, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Hugo Mogollón, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Duke University [Durham], Universidad de Las Américas [Ecuador] (UDLA), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Coordenac Bao de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Ecology and Global Change, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Missouri Bot Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, James Cook University (JCU), School of Geography [Leeds], Department of Integrative Biology, Bot Grad Program, Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, University of Edinburgh, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, MRC 705, Box 37012, Washington, DC, VA 20013-7012, USA, Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Reprodutiva de Plantas, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Humboldt State University (HSU), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Department of Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Chercheur indépendant, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford [Oxford], Instituto de Medicina Tropical 'Alexander von Humboldt' (IMT AvH), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), School of Geography, University of Oxford, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Instituto de Manejo Forestal, University of Kent [Canterbury], Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), Alberta Mennega Stichting, ALCOA Suriname, Amazon Conservation Association, Banco de la Republica, CELOS Suriname, CAPES (PNPG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvovimento Cientifico e Tecnologico of Brazil (CNPq), PELD [558069/2009-6, 403792/2012-6], PRONEX-FAPEAM [1600/2006], Areas Umidas, MAUA, PPBio, PVE [004/2012], Universal [479599/2008-4, 3078072009-6], FAPEAM [DCR/2006], Hidroveg, FAPESP, PRONEX, Colciencias, CONICIT, Duke University, Ecopetrol, FEPIM [044/2003], The Field Museum, Conservation International/DC, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Guyana Forestry Commission, Investissement d'Avenir grant of the French ANR [ANR-10-LABX-0025], IVIC, Margaret Mee Amazon Trust, Miquel fonds, MCTI-Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi-Proc [407232/2013-3-PVE-MEC/MCTI/CAPES/CNPq], National Geographic Society [7754-04, 8047-06, 6679-99, 7435-03, 8481-08], NSF Dissertation Improvement, Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research WOTRO [WB85-335, W84-581], Primate Conservation Inc., Programme Ecosystemes Tropicaux (French Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development), Shell Prospecting and Development Peru, Smithsonian Institution's Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program, Stichting het van Eeden-fonds, The Body Shop, The Ministry of the Environment of Ecuador, TROBIT, Tropenbos International, U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-0743457, NSF0101775, NSF-0918591], USAID, Variety Woods Guyana, Wenner-Gren Foundation, WWF-Brazil, WWF-Guianas, Xlleme Contrat de Plan Etat Region-Guyane (French Government and European Union), European Union, UK Natural Environment Research Council, Gordon and BettyMoore Foundation, European Research Council Advanced Grant, Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, [NSF-0726797], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Oxford, Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI), ter Steege, Hans, Hans ter Steege, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Utrecht University, Nigel C. A. Pitman, The Field Museum / Duke University, Timothy J. Killeen, Agteca-Amazonica, William F. Laurance, James Cook University, Carlos A. Peres, University of East Anglia, Juan Ernesto Guevara, University of California / Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Rafael P. Salomão, MPEG, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CPAF-RR, Iêda Leão Amaral, INPA, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, INPA, Luiz de Souza Coelho, INPA, William E. Magnusson, INPA, Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, INPA, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, IEPA, Mariana Victória Irume, INPA, Maria Pires Martins, INPA, Jean-François Molino, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Daniel Sabatier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Florian Wittmann, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Dairon Cárdenas López, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, IEPA, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Percy Núñez Vargas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, UFRO, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, UFRO, John Terborgh, Duke University, Katia Regina Casula, UFRO, Juan Carlos Montero, INPA / Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Ted R. Feldpausch, University of Leeds / University of Exeter, Euridice N. Honorio Coronado, University of Leeds / Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Alvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Charles Eugene Zartman, INPA, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Rodolfo Vasquez, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Rafael L. Assis, INPA, MARCELO BRILHANTE DE MEDEIROS, CENARGEN, MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, CENARGEN, Ana Andrade, INPA, José Luís Camargo, INPA, Susan G. W. Laurance, James Cook University, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, INPA, Beatriz S. Marimon, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Ben-Hur Marimon Jr., Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Flávia Costa, INPA, Natalia Targhetta, INPA, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, MPEG, Roel Brienen, University of Leeds, Hernán Castellanos, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, University of Amsterdam, Hugo F. Mogollón, Endangered Species Coalition, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, INPA, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Herbario Universitario (PORT), UNELLEZ-Guanare, James A. Comiskey, National Park Service, Gabriel Damasco, University of California, Nállarett Dávila, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Universidad de los Andes, Alberto Vincentini, INPA, Thaise Emilio, INPA / Royal Botanic Gardens, Carolina Levis, INPA / University of Wageningen, Juliana Schietti, INPA, Priscila Souza, INPA, Alfonso Alonso, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Francisco Dallmeier, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Leandro Valle Ferreira, MPEG, David Neill, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Luzmila Arroyo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, INPA, Fernanda Coelho Souza, INPA, Dário Dantas do Amaral, MPEG, Rogerio Gribel, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Bruno Garcia Luize, INPA, Marcelo Petrati Pansonato, INPA, Eduardo Venticinque, UFRN, Paul Fine, University of California, Marisol Toledo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Chris Baraloto, INRA / Florida International University, Carlos Cerón, Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central, Julien Engel, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS, Terry W. Henkel, Humboldt State University, Eliana M. Jimenez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, Paul Maas, Taxonomy and Systematics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Pascal Petronelli, INRA, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, INPA, Marcos Silveira, UFAC, Juliana Stropp, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission / Federal University of Alagoas, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, Tim R. Baker, University of Leeds, Doug Daly, New York Botanical Garden, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Naara Ferreira da Silva, INPA, Alfredo Fuentes, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario UMSA, Peter Møller Jørgensen, Missouri Botanical Garden, Jochen Schöngart, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Miles R. Silman, Wake Forest University, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, INPA, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Anthony Di Fiore, University of Texas at Austin, Juan Fernando Phillips, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Tinde R. van Andel, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Patricio von Hildebrand, Fundación Estación de Biología, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, INPA, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, INPA, Deborah de Castro, INPA, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Therany Gonzales, ACEER Foundation, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, Bruce Hoffman, Amazon Conservation Team, Yadvinder Malhi, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, INPA, Adriana Prieto, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Agustín Rudas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, Natalino Silva, UFRA, César I. A. Vela, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Vincent A. Vos, Universidad Autónoma del Beni / Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, Eglée L. Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Stanford Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Angela Cano, Universidad de los Andes, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Alexandre A. Oliveira, USP, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, José Ferreira Ramos, INPA, Rodrigo Sierra, GeoIS, Milton Tirado, GeoIS, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, University of Maryland, Geertje van der Heijden, University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Corine Vriesendorp, The Field Museum, Ophelia Wang, Northern Arizona University, Kenneth R. Young, University of Texas at Austin, Claudia Baider, USP / Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, The Mauritius Herbarium, Henrik Balslev, Aarhus University, Natalia de Castro, INPA, William Farfan-Rios, Wake Forest University, Cid Ferreira, INPA, Casimiro Mendoza, FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia / UniversidadMayor de San Simon, Italo Mesones, University of California, Armando Torres-Lezama, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Daniel Villarroel, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Roderick Zagt, Tropenbos International, Miguel N. Alexiades, University of Kent, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Wake Forest University, Lionel Hernandez, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, William Milliken, Royal Botanic Gardens, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Susamar Pansini, UFRO, Daniela Pauletto, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, UFRO, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana / University of Missouri, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Jardín Botánico de Missouri., HANS TER STEEGE, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Utrecht University, NIGEL C. A. PITMAN, The Field Museum / Duke University, TIMOTHY J. KILLEEN, Agteca-Amazonica, WILLIAM F. LAURANCE, James Cook University, CARLOS A. PERES, University of East Anglia, JUAN ERNESTO GUEVARA, University of California / Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, RAFAEL P. SALOMÃO, MPEG, IÊDA LEÃO AMARAL, INPA, FRANCISCA DIONÍZIA DE ALMEIDA MATOS, INPA, LUIZ DE SOUZA COELHO, INPA, WILLIAM E. MAGNUSSON, INPA, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, University of Leeds, DIOGENES DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO, INPA, MARCELO DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM, IEPA, MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME, INPA, MARIA PIRES MARTINS, INPA, JEAN-FRANÇOIS MOLINO, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), DANIEL SABATIER, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), FLORIAN WITTMANN, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, DAIRON CÁRDENAS LÓPEZ, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, JOSÉ RENAN DA SILVA GUIMARÃES, IEPA, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, PERCY NÚÑEZ VARGAS, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, ANGELO GILBERTO MANZATTO, UFRO, NEIDIANE FARIAS COSTA REIS, UFRO, JOHN TERBORGH, Duke University, KATIA REGINA CASULA, UFRO, JUAN CARLOS MONTERO, INPA / Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, University of Leeds / University of Exeter, EURIDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, University of Leeds / Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, ALVARO JAVIER DUQUE MONTOYA, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, CHARLES EUGENE ZARTMAN, INPA, BONIFACIO MOSTACEDO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, RODOLFO VASQUEZ, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, RAFAEL L. ASSIS, INPA, ANA ANDRADE, INPA, JOSÉ LUÍS CAMARGO, INPA, SUSAN G. W. LAURANCE, James Cook University, HENRIQUE EDUARDO MENDONÇA NASCIMENTO, INPA, BEATRIZ S. MARIMON, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, BEN-HUR MARIMON JR., Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, FLÁVIA COSTA, INPA, NATALIA TARGHETTA, INPA, IMA CÉLIA GUIMARÃES VIEIRA, MPEG, ROEL BRIENEN, University of Leeds, HERNÁN CASTELLANOS, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, JOOST F. DUIVENVOORDEN, University of Amsterdam, HUGO F. MOGOLLÓN, Endangered Species Coalition, MARIA TERESA FERNANDEZ PIEDADE, INPA, GERARDO A. AYMARD C., Herbario Universitario (PORT), UNELLEZ-Guanare, JAMES A. COMISKEY, National Park Service, GABRIEL DAMASCO, University of California, NÁLLARETT DÁVILA, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, ROOSEVELT GARCÍA-VILLACORTA, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, PABLO ROBERTO STEVENSON DIAZ, Universidad de los Andes, ALBERTO VINCENTINI, INPA, THAISE EMILIO, INPA / Royal Botanic Gardens, CAROLINA LEVIS, INPA / University of Wageningen, JULIANA SCHIETTI, INPA, PRISCILA SOUZA, INPA, ALFONSO ALONSO, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, FRANCISCO DALLMEIER, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, LEANDRO VALLE FERREIRA, MPEG, DAVID NEILL, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, LUZMILA ARROYO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, FERNANDA ANTUNES CARVALHO, INPA, FERNANDA COELHO SOUZA, INPA, DÁRIO DANTAS DO AMARAL, MPEG, ROGERIO GRIBEL, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, BRUNO GARCIA LUIZE, INPA, MARCELO PETRATI PANSONATO, INPA, EDUARDO VENTICINQUE, UFRN, PAUL FINE, University of California, MARISOL TOLEDO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, CHRIS BARALOTO, INRA / Florida International University, CARLOS CERÓN, Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central, JULIEN ENGEL, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS, TERRY W. HENKEL, Humboldt State University, ELIANA M. JIMENEZ, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, PAUL MAAS, Taxonomy and Systematics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, MARIA CRISTINA PEÑUELA MORA, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, PASCAL PETRONELLI, INRA, JUAN DAVID CARDENAS REVILLA, INPA, MARCOS SILVEIRA, UFAC, JULIANA STROPP, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission / Federal University of Alagoas, RAQUEL THOMAS-CAESAR, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, TIM R. BAKER, University of Leeds, DOUG DALY, New York Botanical Garden, MARCOS RÍOS PAREDES, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, NAARA FERREIRA DA SILVA, INPA, ALFREDO FUENTES, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario UMSA, PETER MØLLER JØRGENSEN, Missouri Botanical Garden, JOCHEN SCHÖNGART, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, MILES R. SILMAN, Wake Forest University, NICOLÁS CASTAÑO ARBOLEDA, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, BRUNO BARÇANTE LADVOCAT CINTRA, INPA, FERNANDO CORNEJO VALVERDE, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, ANTHONY DI FIORE, University of Texas at Austin, JUAN FERNANDO PHILLIPS, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, TINDE R. VAN ANDEL, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PATRICIO VON HILDEBRAND, Fundación Estación de Biología, EDELCILIO MARQUES BARBOSA, INPA, LUIZ CARLOS DE MATOS BONATES, INPA, DEBORAH DE CASTRO, INPA, EMANUELLE DE SOUSA FARIAS, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, THERANY GONZALES, ACEER Foundation, JEAN-LOUIS GUILLAUMET, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, BRUCE HOFFMAN, Amazon Conservation Team, YADVINDER MALHI, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, IRES PAULA DE ANDRADE MIRANDA, INPA, ADRIANA PRIETO, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, AGUSTÍN RUDAS, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, NATALINO SILVA, UFRA, CÉSAR I. A. VELA, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, VINCENT A. VOS, Universidad Autónoma del Beni / Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, EGLÉE L. ZENT, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, STANFORD ZENT, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, ANGELA CANO, Universidad de los Andes, MARCELO TRINDADE NASCIMENTO, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, ALEXANDRE A. OLIVEIRA, USP, HIRMA RAMIREZ-ANGULO, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, JOSÉ FERREIRA RAMOS, INPA, RODRIGO SIERRA, GeoIS, MILTON TIRADO, GeoIS, MARIA NATALIA UMAÑA MEDINA, University of Maryland, GEERTJE VAN DER HEIJDEN, University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee, EMILIO VILANOVA TORRE, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, CORINE VRIESENDORP, The Field Museum, OPHELIA WANG, Northern Arizona University, KENNETH R. YOUNG, University of Texas at Austin, CLAUDIA BAIDER, USP / Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, The Mauritius Herbarium, HENRIK BALSLEV, Aarhus University, NATALIA DE CASTRO, INPA, WILLIAM FARFAN-RIOS, Wake Forest University, CID FERREIRA, INPA, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia / UniversidadMayor de San Simon, ITALO MESONES, University of California, ARMANDO TORRES-LEZAMA, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, LIGIA ESTELA URREGO GIRALDO, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, DANIEL VILLARROEL, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, RODERICK ZAGT, Tropenbos International, MIGUEL N. ALEXIADES, University of Kent, KARINA GARCIA-CABRERA, Wake Forest University, LIONEL HERNANDEZ, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, ISAU HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, WILLIAM MILLIKEN, Royal Botanic Gardens, WALTER PALACIOS CUENCA, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, SUSAMAR PANSINI, UFRO, DANIELA PAULETTO, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, FREDDY RAMIREZ AREVALO, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana, ADEILZA FELIPE SAMPAIO, UFRO, ELVIS H. VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana / University of Missouri, and LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, Jardín Botánico de Missouri.
Subjects: Conservation Status, Land Use Policy, Geography & travel, Amazonian, Threatened Species, Conservation-dependent species, Protected Areas, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Conservation Planning, Land Use, IUCN Red List, Deforestation, Research Articles, ddc:910, Multidisciplinary, Near-threatened species, Extinction Risks, Ecology, Conservação, Amazonia, Conservation, Protected areas, Indigenous areas, Tree species, SciAdv r-articles, Gap analysis (conservation), Forestry, Tropical Tree Species, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, Geography, Research Article, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Indigenous People, Tropics, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Espécie, 13. Climate action, Threatened species, Conservation status, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Environmental Protection, Desmatamento
Abstract: Analyses of forest loss and protected areas suggest that 36 to 57% of Amazonian tree flora may qualify as “globally threatened.”, Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict that most of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.
Published: 2015

32. Compositional response of Amazon forests to climate change

Author: Eliana Jimenez-Rojas, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Georgia Pickavance, Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Wendeson Castro, Julie Peacock, Emilio Vilanova, Julien Engel, Percy Núñez Vargas, John Terborgh, Raquel Thomas, José Luís Camargo, Alexander Parada Gutierrez, David W. Galbraith, Nallaret Davila Cardozo, Rafael Herrera Fernández, Lan Qie, Jon Lloyd, Carlos A. Quesada, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Jérôme Chave, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Ricardo Keichi Umetsu, William F. Laurance, Gerardo A. Aymard C, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Sophie Fauset, Hans ter Steege, Vincent A. Vos, Antonio Carlos Lola da Costa, Luisa Fernanda Duque, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Pascal Petronelli, Damien Bonal, Roel J. W. Brienen, César I.A. Vela, Christopher Baraloto, Javier Silva Espejo, Niro Higuchi, Ana Andrade, Anand Roopsind, Simon L. Lewis, Timothy R. Baker, Fernando Elias, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Eric Arets, Marielos Peña-Claros, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Wannes Hubau, Adriana Prieto, Ted R. Feldpausch, James A. Comiskey, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Adriano José Nogueira Lima, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Natalino Silva, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Yadvinder Malhi, Jorcely Barroso, Kyle G. Dexter, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Marisol Toledo, Terry L. Erwin, Anthony Di Fiore, Victor Chama Moscoso, Oliver L. Phillips, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Omar Aurelio Melo Cruz, Clément Stahl, Jos Barlow, Bruno Hérault, Jhon del Aguila Pasquel, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Everton Cristo de Almeida, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Pieter A. Zuidema, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Peter van der Hout, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Paulo S. Morandi, Guido Pardo, René G. A. Boot, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, James Singh, Agustín Rudas, Luzmila Arroyo, Peter J. van de Meer, Lourens Poorter, Gerardo Flores Llampazo, Frans Bongers, Emanuel Gloor, Adriane Esquivel-Muelbert, Juliana Stropp, Esteban Álvarez-Dávila, University of Leeds, School of Geography [Leeds], Imperial College London, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Fundación Con-Vida, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, The Royal Society, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), SILVA (SILVA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Systems Ecology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Tropical forests, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Biodiversity, adaptation aux changements climatiques, forêt tropicale, Forests, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, traits, CARBON STORAGE, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Climate change, Primary Research Article, functional traits, skin and connective tissue diseases, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, GE, Ecology, Amazon rainforest, PE&RC, Geography, climate change, NEOTROPICAL FOREST, GROWTH, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Functional traits, Communauté végétale, GE Environmental Sciences, VEGETATION DYNAMICS, F40 - Écologie végétale, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, bioclimatic niches, DROUGHT SENSITIVITY, Tropical Forest, Ecosystem, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Temporal Variation, Bois tropical, Vegetatie, Changement climatique, Science & Technology, Bioclimatic niches, Composition botanique, Brasil, Water, 15. Life on land, 06 Biological Sciences, Floristics, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, biodiversité forestière, functional, Season, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Physiology, WOOD DENSITY, Biodiversity & Conservation, 05 Environmental Sciences, DIVERSITY, Bibliomatic niches, Tropic Climate, Trees, Environmental Science(all), Dry season, Tropical climate, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Lowland Environment, Tropial forests, tropical forests, Bioclimatology, PERVASIVE ALTERATION, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Funtional traits, Classification, Biodiversity Conservation, Seasons, TREE COMMUNITIES, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Brazil, Tree, Temporal trends, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, 010603 evolutionary biology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Amazonia, Niche, Environmental Chemistry, Forest, Compositional shifts, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Vegetation, Tropics, DAS, Carbon Dioxide, Primary Research Articles, Climatic change, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, sense organs, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Dioxyde de carbone, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Funding Information: Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Grant/Award Number: NE/ N004655/1; NERC Consortium Grants “AMAZONICA”; BIO‐RED; European Research Council (ERC); The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, Grant/ Award Number: 282664; Royal Society, Grant/Award Number: CH160091; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate-induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long-term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water-deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large-statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry-affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet-affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry-affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate-change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole-community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large-statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change. Publisher PDF
Published: 2018

33. Diversity enhances carbon storage in tropical forests

Author: Jill Thompson, H. ter Steege, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Kirsten Thonicke, Marisol Toledo, Juan Carlos Licona, William E. Magnusson, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Lucieta Guerreiro Martorano, L. S. Lisboa, Carolina Levis, Juliana Schietti, Eric Arets, Frans Bongers, Fernando Fernández-Méndez, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, John R. Healey, Christopher J. Nytch, Lucas Mazzei, Jorge A. Meave, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, André Braga Junqueira, Juliana Stropp, Francisco Mora, Alice Boit, G. Cornejo-Tenorio, Beatriz Salgado-Negret, Rodrigo Muñoz, G. Barajas-Guzmán, Nataly Ascarrunz, Eduardo A. Pérez-García, Fernando Casanoves, Brian J. Enquist, Fernanda Carvalho, Lourens Poorter, María Uriarte, Nelson Zamora, J. Álvarez-Sánchez, Jorge Rodríguez-Velázquez, Angelina Martínez-Yrízar, C. V. de Castilho, Lorraine H.L. Gormley, Nathan G. Swenson, M. T. van der Sande, Marielos Peña-Claros, Terry Parr, Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez, Flávia R. C. Costa, Marcel R. Hoosbeek, M. P. Pansonato, Lindsay C. Maskell, Alfredo Alarcón, Patricia Balvanera, P. Walker, Fergus Sinclair, Margareth Simoes, Boris Sakschewski, L.P. Dutrieux, Horacio Paz, Priscila Souza, Lyliana Y. Rentería, P. van der Hout, Miguel Martínez-Ramos, and Bryan Finegan
Subjects: Forest floor, Global and Planetary Change, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, Agroforestry, Biodiversity, Forest restoration, Deforestation, Forest ecology, Environmental science, Secondary forest, Species richness, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Aim Tropical forests store 25% of global carbon and harbour 96% of the world's tree species, but it is not clear whether this high biodiversity matters for carbon storage. Few studies have teased apart the relative importance of forest attributes and environmental drivers for ecosystem functioning, and no such study exists for the tropics. Location Neotropics. Methods We relate aboveground biomass (AGB) to forest attributes (diversity and structure) and environmental drivers (annual rainfall and soil fertility) using data from 144,000 trees, 2050 forest plots and 59 forest sites. The sites span the complete latitudinal and climatic gradients in the lowland Neotropics, with rainfall ranging from 750 to 4350 mm year−1. Relationships were analysed within forest sites at scales of 0.1 and 1 ha and across forest sites along large-scale environmental gradients. We used a structural equation model to test the hypothesis that species richness, forest structural attributes and environmental drivers have independent, positive effects on AGB. Results Across sites, AGB was most strongly driven by rainfall, followed by average tree stem diameter and rarefied species richness, which all had positive effects on AGB. Our indicator of soil fertility (cation exchange capacity) had a negligible effect on AGB, perhaps because we used a global soil database. Taxonomic forest attributes (i.e. species richness, rarefied richness and Shannon diversity) had the strongest relationships with AGB at small spatial scales, where an additional species can still make a difference in terms of niche complementarity, while structural forest attributes (i.e. tree density and tree size) had strong relationships with AGB at all spatial scales. Main conclusions Biodiversity has an independent, positive effect on AGB and ecosystem functioning, not only in relatively simple temperate systems but also in structurally complex hyperdiverse tropical forests. Biodiversity conservation should therefore be a key component of the UN Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation strategy.
Published: 2015

34. Environmental heterogeneity and dispersal processes influence post-logging seedling establishment in a Chiquitano dry tropical forest

Author: J. Julio Camarero, Marisol Toledo, and Robin Corrià-Ainslie
Subjects: Abiotic component, Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, Tree canopy, Tropical dry forest, Biotic component, Agroforestry, Ecology, Environmental heterogeneity, Logging, Forestry, Microsite, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Spatial heterogeneity, Canopy openness, Biological dispersal, Environmental science, Soil compaction, Zero-inflated Poisson models, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: Selective logging is becoming more and more influential in forest use in the tropics, especially as it provides local communities and regions with timber resources. Logging greatly alters abiotic and biotic factors which are fundamental in seedling establishment and spatial heterogeneity of tree recruitment. Niche and dispersal processes may affect post-logging seedling establishment, particularly in water-constrained tropical dry forests (TDF). To understand how selective logging affects tree recruitment and how forest exploitation can become a sustainable practice, a theoretical framework has been set up based on these processes. We assessed post-logging seedling establishment in a Bolivian Chiquitano TDF by: (i) characterizing logging microsites and the variability in abiotic (canopy openness, soil compaction and soil water content) and biotic (short and long-distance dispersal) factors among them, (ii) evaluating the roles played by those factors, here considered surrogates of niche and dispersal processes, on seedling establishment, and (iii) providing guidelines to ensure tree regeneration in similar logged TDFs. One year after logging, seedling establishment of five canopy tree species was assessed in four microsite types created by selective logging and in undisturbed TDF. Dispersal processes were described by interpolated kernel estimates of abundance of adult trees, i.e. potential seed sources. After logging, the abiotic environment was considerably altered, especially in the most disturbed logging microsites, leading to significant changes in canopy openness and soil compaction, the most important factors determining seedling establishment in four out of the five studied species. Dispersal processes also influenced regeneration in three tree species. Since the spatial distribution of adult trees influences post-logging regeneration, this should be considered to improve sustainability in logging operations across the tropics. © 2015 Elsevier B.V., We thank all the staff and students of the IBIF for their support, particularly V. Vroomans and Nataly Ascarrunz. We sincerely acknowledge P. Roosenboom for allowing us to carry out sampling in the INPA forest. This study was supported by the projects “Análisis retrospectivos mediante dendrocronología para profundizar en la ecología y mejorar la gestión de los bosques tropicales secos (Dentropicas)” (Fundación BBVA) and “Regeneración, crecimiento y modelos dinámicos de bosques tropicales secos: herramientas para su conservación y para el uso sostenible de especies maderables (AECID). R. Corrià acknowledges the support of a CSIC-UIMP PhD fellowship.
Published: 2015

35. Challenges and opportunities for the Bolivian Biodiversity Observation Network

Author: Ramiro Pablo López, R Mónica Moraes, Luis F. Aguirre, Alexandra Marques, Healy Hamilton, Mauricio Ocampo, Alvaro J. Aguilar-Kirigin, Marisol Toledo, A. Bruno Miranda-Calle, Marcos F. Terán, Tatiana Miranda, Lilian Apaza-Vargas, Florian Wolf, Rosa Isela Meneses, Stephan G. Beck, Kathia Rivero, Soraya Barrera, Juan Carlos Ledezma, N. Paola Flores-Saldana, James Aparicio, Manuel J. Macía, Silvia C. Gallegos, Yara S. Higueras, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Renate Seidel, J. Miguel Limachi, Leslie Cayola, Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio, Oscar Plata, Nataly Ascarrunz, Liliana Soria, Gabriel Arellano, Steffen Reichle, Héctor Cabrera-Condarco, R. Fernando Molina-Rodriguez, Henrique M. Pereira, M. Isabel Loza, M. Isabel Moya-Diaz, Amira Apaza-Quevedo, Miguel Fernández, Marcela Alvear, Consuelo Campos-Villanueva, Michael Kessler, M. Isabel Gómez, F. Santiago Zenteno-Ruiz, M. Carolina García-Lino, Laetitia M. Navarro, Eric Armijo, and Humberto L. Perotto-Baldivieso
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Process (engineering), business.industry, Environmental resource management, Biodiversity, Identification (information), Geography, Global Earth Observation System of Systems, Country level, Environmental protection, business, Baseline (configuration management), Nature and Landscape Conservation, Group on Earth Observations
Abstract: Pragmatic methods to assess the status of biodiversity at multiple scales are required to support conservation decision-making. At the intersection of several major biogeographic zones, Bolivia has extraordinary potential to develop a monitoring strategy aligned with the objectives of the Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON). Bolivia, a GEO Observer since 2005, is already working on the adequacy of national earth observations towards the objectives of the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS). However, biodiversity is still an underrepresented component in this initiative. The integration of biodiversity into Bolivia’s GEO framework would confirm the need for a country level biodiversity monitoring strategy, fundamental to assess the progress towards the 2020 Aichi targets. Here we analyse and discuss two aspects of the process of developing such a strategy: (1) identification of taxonomic, temporal and spatial coverage of biodiversity data to detect both ava...
Published: 2015

36. Amazonian Dark Earth Shapes the Understory Plant Community in a Bolivian Forest

Author: Lourens Poorter, Estela Quintero-Vallejo, Marielos Peña-Claros, Frans Bongers, Yannick Klomberg, and Marisol Toledo
Subjects: Ecology, Soil pH, Soil water, Terra preta, Plant community, Species richness, Understory, Fern, Soil fertility, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE) are the result of human modification of the Amazonian landscape since pre-Columbian times. ADE are characterized by increased soil fertility compared to natural soils. In the Amazonian forest, soil fertility influences understory herb and fern species composition. However, little research has been done to evaluate the effect of ADE on the composition of the understory community. We evaluated the effects of ADE and soil in 36 plots (150 m × 4 m) established in a Bolivian moist forest (La Chonta). For each plot, we determined soil nutrients, and the composition, richness, and abundance of terrestrial fern, angiosperm herb, and understory palm species. We found that the presence of ADE created a gradient in soil nutrients and pH that affected the understory species composition especially of ferns and palms. Additionally, the higher nutrient concentration and more neutral soil pH on ADE soils caused a decrease of ferns species richness. We therefore conclude that the current composition of the understory community in this particular Bolivian forest is a reflection of past human modifications of the soil.
Published: 2015

37. Climate seasonality limits leaf carbon assimilation and wood productivity in tropical forests

Author: Jürgen Homeier, Joseph J. O'Brien, Hellen Paredio Santana, Jean-Louis Devineau, Wendeson Castro, Claudio Sergio Lisi, Marcos Miranda Toledo, Grégoire Vincent, Bruno Hérault, Benjamin Brede, Martin Worbes, Raphaël Pélissier, Takeshi Toma, Aster Gebrekirstos, Vinicius Resende de Castro, Franziska Volland, Kaiyu Guan, Damien Bonal, Steven F. Oberbauer, Ervan Rutishauser, Davi Rodrigo Rossatto, Liana O. Anderson, Tomaz Longhi Santos, David M. J. S. Bowman, Marisol Toledo, Deborah A. Clark, Foster Brown, Michael S. Ross, Williamar Rodrigues Silva, Sintia Valerio Kohler, Carolina V. Castilho, Camille Couralet, Paulo Henrique da Silva Mauricio, Fidel A. Roig, Robert Gliniars, Clément Stahl, Michael D. Swaine, César Augusto Guimarães Finger, Danilo Boanerges Souza, Yadvinder Malhi, Márcia C. M. Marques, Flávia R. C. Costa, Brett P. Murphy, Giselda Durigan, Lip Khoon Kho, Rubens Koloski Chagas, Augusto C. Franco, João Lima Freitas Júnior, Milton Eugene Lieberman, Fabien Wagner, Achim Bräuning, E. N. Chidumayo, Lucy Rowland, Hooz Angela Mendivelso, Fernanda C. G. Cardoso, Fabrício Alvim Carvalho, James Grogan, Oliver Dünisch, Paulo Cesar Botosso, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Vivien Rossi, Lynda D. Prior, Timothy R. Baker, José Julio de Toledo, Eduardo Eijji Maeda, Susanne Spannl, Anthony D. Griffiths, Jérôme Chave, Diana Lieberman, José P. Lemos-Filho, Hans Beeckman, Franklin Galvão, Luciano de Souza Arruda, Juan Ignacio Valdez Hernández, Gabriel Sebastian Becker, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Marcos Silveira, Magda Lea Bolzan Zanon, Naoki Okada, Helmut Dalitz, Edilson Consuelo de Oliveira, Mario Tomazello Filho, Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro Graça, David M. Drew, José Luis López Ayala, Jennifer Koenig, Elisha Elifuraha, Vivian R. B. Maria, Mark Schulze, Diogo Selhorst, Renato Francisco Rodrigues Marques, Marcio Fedele, Hector Maza Maza Chamba, Lawrence Mbwambo, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Maria Raquel Kanieski, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, Julia Krepkowski, J. Julio Camarero, Jan Verbesselt, Karina Melgaço, Jaçanan Eloisa de Freitas Milani, Ligia Ferreira Fedele, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Universität Hohenheim, Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Universidade Federal do Parana [Curitiba] (UFPR), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Biological Sciences Department, University of Zambia, University of Missouri [St. Louis], University of Missouri System, Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Prefeitura municipal RIo Branco, Patrimoines Locaux et Gouvernance (PALOC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Stellenbosch University, Meisterschule Ebern Schreinerhandwerk, Floresta Estadual Assis, Tanzania Forestry Research Institute (TAFORI), Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste [Rio de Janeiro] (UEZO), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria = Federal University of Santa Maria [Santa Maria, RS, Brazil] (UFSM), Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), World Agroforestry Center [CGIAR, Kenya] (ICRAF), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Northern Territory Government, Mount Holyoke College, Illinois State University, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina = Federal University of Santa Catarina [Florianópolis] (UFSC), Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Charles Darwin University, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), California State University [Monterey Bay] (CSUMB), Campus de Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados (CP), University of Helsinki, School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), USDA Agricultural Research Service [Maricopa, AZ] (USDA), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Department of Biological Sciences [Miami], Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University [Kyoto], Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Department of Earth and Environment, Universidade Paulista [São Paulo] (UNIP), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, CarboForExpert, Oregon State University (OSU), Ibama, Universidade Federal de Roraima, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Federal University of Amapà, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] (MAPA), Governo do Brasil-Governo do Brasil, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Department of Forest Vegetation, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), TreeD lab - Terrestrial Ecosystem Dynamics, Department of Geosciences and Geography, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Friedrich Alexander University [Erlangen-Nürnberg], Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Colegio de Postgraduados, School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford], United States Department of Agriculture - USDA (USA), Florida International University (FIU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forêts et Sociétés (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 Forêts et Sociétés), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, São José Dos Campos, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, UMR EEF 1137, University of Antwerp, University of Hohenheim, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), University of Tasmania, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wageningen University, Universidade Federal Do Acre, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IPE-CSIC), Santa Cruz de la Sierra, CNRS and UniversitéPaul Sabatier, University of Missouri-St. Louis, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Prefeitura Municipal de Rio Branco, UMR 208 Patrimoines Locaux et Gouvernance, University of Stellenbosch, Meisterschule Ebern für das Schreinerhandwerk, Floresta Estadual de Assis, Universidade Estadual Do Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Stanford University, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, University of Göttingen, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), California State University Monterey Bay, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), University of Oxford, Universidad Nacional de Loja, USDA Forest Service, Florida International University, Kyoto University, Institut Français de Pondicherry, IRD, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales - CONICET, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), CIRAD, Oregon State University, Universidade Federal de Roraima - UFRR, Universidade Federal Do Amapá, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Georg-August-Universit, University of Exeter, FABIEN H. WAGNER, Remote Sensing Division, National Institute for Space Research - INPE, LUCIANO DE SOUZA ARRUDA, Prefeitura Municipal de Rio Branco, JEAN-LOUIS DEVINEAU, Département Hommes, Natures, Sociétés, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) et UMR 208 Patrimoines Locaux et Gouvernance, DAVID M. DREW, Dept. Forest and Wood Science, University of Stellenbosch, OLIVER DÜNISCH, Meisterschule Ebern für das Schreinerhandwerk, GISELDA DURIGAN, Floresta Estadual de Assis, ELISHA ELIFURAHA, Tanzania Forestry Research Institute (TAFORI), MARCIO FEDELE, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, LIGIA FERREIRA FEDELE, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, AFONSO FIGUEIREDO FILHO, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal – DEF, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste, CÉSAR AUGUSTO GUIMARÃES FINGER, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, AUGUSTO CÉSAR FRANCO, Departamento de Botânica, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidade de Brasília, JOÃO LIMA FREITAS JÚNIOR, Programa de Pós-Graduação Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Acre, FRANKLIN GALVÃO, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, ASTER GEBREKIRSTOS, World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), ROBERT GLINIARS, Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, PAULO MAURÍCIO LIMA DE ALENCASTRO, Coordenação de Pesquisa em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, ANTHONY D. GRIFFITHS, Research Institute for Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, JAMES GROGAN, Department of Biological Sciences, Mount Holyoke College, KAIYU GUAN, Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, JÜRGEN HOMEIER, Department of Plant Ecology, Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, MARIA RAQUEL KANIESKI, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, LIP KHOON KHO, Tropical Peat Research Institute, Biological Research Division, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, JENNIFER KOENIG, Research Institute for Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, JULIA KREPKOWSKI, Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, JOSÉ PIRES LEMOS-FILHO, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, DIANA LIEBERMAN, Division of Science & Environmental Policy, California State University Monterey Bay, MILTON EUGENE LIEBERMAN, Division of Science & Environmental Policy, California State University Monterey Bay, CLAUDIO SERGIO LISI, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, TOMAZ LONGHI SANTOS, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, JOSÉ LUIS LÓPEZ AYALA, Programa Forestal, Colegio de Postgraduados, EDUARDO EIJJI MAEDA, Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, YADVINDER MALHI, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, VIVIAN R.B. MARIA, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, MARCIA C. M. MARQUES, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, RENATO MARQUES, Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Paraná, HECTOR MAZA CHAMBA, Laboratoria de Dendrochronologia y Anatomia de Maderas Espinoza, LAWRENCE MBWAMBO, Tanzania Forestry Research Institute (TAFORI), KARINA LIANA LISBOA MELGAÇO, Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, HOOZ ANGELA MENDIVELSO, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IPE-CSIC), BRETT P. MURPHY, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, JOSEPH J. O’BRIEN, Center for Forest Disturbance Science, USDA Forest Service, STEVEN F. OBERBAUER, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, NAOKI OKADA, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, RAPHAËL PÉLISSIER, Institut Français de Pondicherry, LYNDA D. PRIOR, School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, FIDEL ALEJANDRO ROIG, Tree Ring and Environmental History Laboratory, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales – CONICET, MICHAEL ROSS, Department of Earth and Environment, Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, DAVI RODRIGO ROSSATTO, Departamento de Biologia Aplicada, FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, VIVIEN ROSSI, UR B&SEF (Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux), CIRAD, LUCY ROWLAND, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, ERVAN RUTISHAUSER, CarboForExpert, HELLEN SANTANA, Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, MARK SCHULZE, HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon State University, DIOGO SELHORST, Ibama, WILLIAMAR RODRIGUES SILVA, PRONAT – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recurso Naturais, Universidade Federal de Roraima, MARCOS SILVEIRA, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Laboratóio de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Acre, SUSANNE SPANNL, Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, MICHAEL D. SWAINE, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, JOSÉ JULIO TOLEDO, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Amapá, MARCOS MIRANDA TOLEDO, CPACP, MARISOL TOLEDO, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, TAKESHI TOMA, Department of Forest Vegetation, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), MARIO TOMAZELLO FILHO, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, JUAN IGNACIO VALDEZ HERNÁNDEZ, Programa Forestal, Colegio de Postgraduados, JAN VERBESSELT, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, SIMONE APARECIDA VIEIRA, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais (NEPAM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), GRÉGOIRE VINCENT, UMR AMAP (botAnique et bioinforMatique de l’Architecture des Plantes), IRD, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CNPS, FRANZISKA VOLLAND, Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, MARTIN WORBES, Crop Production Systems in the Tropics, Georg-August-University, MAGDA LEA BOLZAN ZANON, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Centro de Educação Superior Norte, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, LUIZ E.O.C. ARAGÃO, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exetex., BRUNO HÉRAULT, CIRAD, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, DAMIEN BONAL, INRA, CLÉMENT STAHL, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, LIANA O. ANDERSON, National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters, TIMOTHY R. BAKER, School of Geography, University of Leeds, GABRIEL SEBASTIAN BECKER, Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, HANS BEECKMAN, Laboratory for Wood Biology and Xylarium, Royal Museum for Central Africa, DANILO BOANERGES SOUZA, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências de Florestas Tropicais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, PAULO CESAR BOTOSSO, CNPF, DAVID M. J. S. BOWMAN, School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, ACHIM BRÄUNING, Institute of Geography, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, BENJAMIN BREDE, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, FOSTER IRVING BROWN, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal, JESUS JULIO CAMARERO, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, PLÍNIO BARBOSA CAMARGO, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Laboratório de Ecologia Isotópica, Universidade de São Paulo, FERNANDA C.G. CARDOSO, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, FABRÍCIO ALVIM CARVALHO, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), WENDESON CASTRO, Programa de Pós-Graduação Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Acre, RUBENS KOLOSKI CHAGAS, Departamento de Ecologia do Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), JÉROME CHAVE, UMR 5174 Laboratoire Evolution et DiversitéBiologique, CNRS & UniversitéPaul Sabatier, Toulouse, EMMANUEL N. CHIDUMAYO, Biological Sciences Department, University of Zambia, DEBORAH A. CLARK, Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, FLAVIA REGINA CAPELLOTTO COSTA, Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, CAMILLE COURALET, Laboratory for Wood Biology and Xylarium, Royal Museum for Central Africa, PAULO HENRIQUE DA SILVA, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza, Laboratóio de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal, HELMUT DALITZ, Institute of Botany, University of Hohenheim, VINICIUS RESENDE DE CASTRO, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, JAÇANAN ELOISA DE FREITAS MILANI, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, EDILSON CONSUELO DE OLIVEIRA, Centro de Ciêcias Biológicas e da Natureza, Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Acre, Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Charles Darwin University [Australia], Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais = Federal University of Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte, Brazil] (UFMG), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR), and Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Rainfall, Precipitation (climatology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Tropical forests, Mudança Climática, lcsh:Life, évapotranspiration, forêt tropicale, 01 natural sciences, cycle saisonnier, Madeira, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, assimilation photosynthétique, Climate change, Photosynthesis, Climate, leaf carbon assimilation, wood productivity, tropical forest, Evapotranspiration, Ecology, litière forestière, Physics, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Carbon sink, facteur climatique, Plant litter, PE&RC, Wood, productivité primaire, Chemistry, Productivity (ecology), Terrestrial ecosystem, Carbon assimilation, cycle du carbone, Litterfall, 010603 evolutionary biology, Carbon cycle, Carbon Cycle, Experimental Study, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Carbono, Tropical Forest, Life Science, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 1172 Environmental sciences, Floresta tropical, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Data Set, précipitation, Carbon sinks, Seasonality, 15. Life on land, Seasonal Variation, Photosynthetic capacity, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QH501-531, variation saisonnière, Leaf Litter, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, lcsh:Ecology
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:02:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-04-28 The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and 35 litter productivity measurements), their associated canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonality in tropical forests and how they interact in the seasonal carbon cycle. We found that canopy photosynthetic capacity seasonality responds positively to precipitation when rainfall is < 2000ĝ€-mmĝ€-yrĝ'1 (water-limited forests) and to radiation otherwise (light-limited forests). On the other hand, independent of climate limitations, wood productivity and litterfall are driven by seasonal variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration, respectively. Consequently, light-limited forests present an asynchronism between canopy photosynthetic capacity and wood productivity. First-order control by precipitation likely indicates a decrease in tropical forest productivity in a drier climate in water-limited forest, and in current light-limited forest with future rainfall < 2000ĝ€-mmĝ€-yrĝ'1. Author(s) 2016. Remote Sensing Division National Institute for Space Research - INPE São José Dos Campos CIRAD UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane INRA UMR EEF 1137 INRA UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane Department of Biology University of Antwerp National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters - CEMADEN São José Dos Campos School of Geography University of Leeds Institute of Botany University of Hohenheim Laboratory for Wood Biology and Xylarium Royal Museum for Central Africa Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências de Florestas Tropicais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Embrapa Florestas Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Institute of Geography University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing Wageningen University Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza Laboratóio de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal Do Acre Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IPE-CSIC) Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF) Santa Cruz de la Sierra Centro de Energia Nuclear Na Agricultura Laboratóio de Ecologia Isotópica Universidade de SÃo Paulo Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal Do Paraná Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) Programa de Pós-Graduação Ecologia e Manejo de Recursos Naturais Universidade Federal Do Acre Departamento de Ecologia Do Instituto de Biociências Universidade de São Paulo (USP) UMR 5174 Laboratoire Evolution et DiversitéBiologique CNRS and UniversitéPaul Sabatier Biological Sciences Department University of Zambia Department of Biology University of Missouri-St. Louis Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Federal Do Paraná Centro de Ciêcias Biológicas e da Natureza Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal Do Acre Prefeitura Municipal de Rio Branco Département Hommes Natures Sociétés Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) et UMR 208 Patrimoines Locaux et Gouvernance, Cedex 05 Dept. Forest and Wood Science University of Stellenbosch Meisterschule Ebern für das Schreinerhandwerk Floresta Estadual de Assis Tanzania Forestry Research Institute (TAFORI), P.O. Box Departamento de Ciências Florestais Universidade de São Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Departamento de Engenharia Florestal - DEF Universidade Estadual Do Centro-Oeste Departamento de Ciências Florestais Centro de Ciências Rurais Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Departamento de Botânica Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegeta Universidade de Brasília Instituto de Ciências Biológicas World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), P.O. Box Coordenação de Pesquisa em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, C.P. 478 Departement of Land Resource Management Northern Territory Government Research Institute for Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Department of Biological Sciences Mount Holyoke College Department of Earth System Science Stanford University Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Department of Plant Ecology Albrecht von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences University of Göttingen Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC Tropical Peat Research Institute Biological Research Division Malaysian Palm Oil Board Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Ciências Biologicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Division of Science and Environmental Policy California State University Monterey Bay Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Sergipe Programa Forestal Colegio de Postgraduados Department of Geosciences and Geography University of Helsinki School of Geography and the Environment University of Oxford Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Agrícola Universidade Federal Do Paraná Laboratoria de Dendrochronologia y Anatomia de Maderas Espinoza Universidad Nacional de Loja Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Center for Forest Disturbance Science USDA Forest Service Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Institut Français de Pondicherry UMR AMAP (BotAnique et BioinforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes) IRD Tree Ring and Environmental History Laboratory Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales - CONICET Department of Earth and Environment Southeast Environmental Research Center Florida International University Departamento de Biologia Aplicada FCAV Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP UR BandSEF (Biens et Services des Écosystèmes Forestiers Tropicaux) CIRAD School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh CarboForExpert HJ Andrews Experimental Forest Oregon State University Ibama PRONAT - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recurso Naturais Universidade Federal de Roraima - UFRR School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Departamento de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Federal Do Amapá Embrapa Cocais Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF) Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno Department of Forest Vegetation Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais (NEPAM) Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Embrapa Roraima Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Crop Production Systems in the Tropics Georg-August-Universit Departamento de Engenharia Florestal Centro de Educação Superior Norte Universidade Federal de Santa Maria College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Departamento de Biologia Aplicada FCAV Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP
Published: 2016

38. Phylogenetic diversity of Amazonian tree communities

Author: Esteban Álvarez, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, William F. Laurance, Oliver L. Phillips, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Atila Alves de Oliveira, Hans ter Steege, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Walter Palacios Cuenca, John Terborgh, David A. Neill, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Eric Arets, Hirma Ramírez Angulo, Susan G. Laurance, Wilson Roberto Spironello, Carlos A. Quesada, Ted R. Feldpausch, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Adriana Prieto, Niro Higuchi, Miguel Alexiades, Christopher Baraloto, Simon L. Lewis, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Vincent A. Vos, Ana Andrade, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Carlos Cerón, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Gerardo Aymard, Anthony Di Fiore, Nigel C. A. Pitman, R. Toby Pennington, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Roel J. W. Brienen, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Jérôme Chave, Norma Salinas Revilla, Damien Bonal, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Kyle G. Dexter, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Marisol Toledo, William Farfan-Rios, Agustín Rudas, Miles R. Silman, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh], Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Kent [Canterbury], Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Projeto TEAM-Manaus, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Jardín Botánico de Medellín, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Programa Cienclas Agro & Mar, UNELLEZ Guanare, Herbario Universitario PORT, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program [Madre de Dios], University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), James Cook University (JCU), Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Chercheur indépendant, Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Duke University [Durham], Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), EMBRAPA Amazonia Oriental, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Santa Cruz 10260, Bolivia, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA [Belém, Brazil] (UFPA), European Project: 282664,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2011,AMAZALERT(2011), Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Fitzpatrick, Matthew C., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, University of Leeds, Kyle G. Dexter, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, R. Toby Pennington, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Jérôme Chave, CNRS & Université Paul Sabatier, Simon L. Lewis, University of Leeds / University College London, Miguel N. Alexiades, University of Kent, Esteban Alvarez, Jardín Botânico de Medellín, Atila Alves de Oliveira, Projeto TEAM - INPA, Iêda L. Amaral, PROJETO TEAM - INPA, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado & Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Eric J. M. M. Arets, Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Gerardo A. Aymard, UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa del Agro y el Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Christopher Baraloto, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique / Florida International University, Damien Bonal, INRA-Université de Lorraine, Roel Brienen, University of Leeds, Carlos Cerón, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Anthony Di Fiore, University of Texas, William Farfan-Rios, Wake Forest University, Ted R. Feldpausch, University of Exeter, Niro Higuchi, INPA, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Susan G. Laurance, Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, William F. Laurance, Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science (TESS) and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Gabriela López-Gonzalez, University of Leeds, Beatriz S. Marimon, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, JardíN Botánico de Missouri, David Neill, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Universidad Técnica del Norte & Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Duke University / The Field Museum, Adriana Prieto, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carlos A. Quesada, INPA, Hirma Ramirez Angulo, Universidad de Los Andes, Agustín Rudas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, Norma Salinas Revilla, Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco / University of Oxford, Rafael P. Salomão, MPEG, Ana Segalin de Andrade, INPA, Miles R. Silman, Wake Forest University, Wilson Spironello, PROJETO TEAM - INPA, Hans ter Steege, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Utrecht University, John Terborgh, Duke University, Marisol Toledo, Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal / Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Ima C. G. Vieira, MPEG, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Universidad de Los Andes, Vincent Vos, Universidad Autónoma del Beni, Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds., and Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Lineage (evolution), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Liliopsida, Árvore, Monocots, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Filogenética, Magnoliophyta, Phylogenetic diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, Plant Community, Forest and Landscape Ecology, species richness, Clade, Vegetatie, Monocotyledon, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Vegetation, Forest inventory, Phylogenetic tree, Amazon rainforest, Ecology, Magnoliids, Amazonia, 15. Life on land, Phylogenetics, Taxon, Dicotyledon, Diversidade, phylogenetic diversity, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Species richness, Amazon basin, Eudicots
Abstract: Aim: To examine variation in the phylogenetic diversity (PD) of tree communities across geographical and environmental gradients in Amazonia. Location: Two hundred and eighty-three c. 1 ha forest inventory plots from across Amazonia. Methods: We evaluated PD as the total phylogenetic branch length across species in each plot (PDss), the mean pairwise phylogenetic distance between species (MPD), the mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and their equivalents standardized for species richness (ses.PDss, ses.MPD, ses.MNTD). We compared PD of tree communities growing (1) on substrates of varying geological age; and (2) in environments with varying ecophysiological barriers to growth and survival. Results: PDss is strongly positively correlated with species richness (SR), whereas MNTD has a negative correlation. Communities on geologically young- and intermediate-aged substrates (western and central Amazonia respectively) have the highest SR, and therefore the highest PDss and the lowest MNTD. We find that the youngest and oldest substrates (the latter on the Brazilian and Guiana Shields) have the highest ses.PDss and ses.MNTD. MPD and ses.MPD are strongly correlated with how evenly taxa are distributed among the three principal angiosperm clades and are both highest in western Amazonia. Meanwhile, seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and forests on white sands have low PD, as evaluated by any metric. Main conclusions: High ses.PDss and ses.MNTD reflect greater lineage diversity in communities. We suggest that high ses.PDss and ses.MNTD in western Amazonia results from its favourable, easy-to-colonize environment, whereas high values in the Brazilian and Guianan Shields may be due to accumulation of lineages over a longer period of time. White-sand forests and SDTF are dominated by close relatives from fewer lineages, perhaps reflecting ecophysiological barriers that are difficult to surmount evolutionarily. Because MPD and ses.MPD do not reflect lineage diversity per se, we suggest that PDss, ses.PDss and ses.MNTD may be the most useful diversity metrics for setting large-scale conservation priorities. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Published: 2015

39. Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome

Author: Connie J. Clark, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Lan Qie, Timothy R. Baker, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Lise Zemagho, Yadvinder Malhi, Javier Silva Espejo, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Lindsay F. Banin, Jefferson S. Hall, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, H. Priyadi, Jérôme Chave, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Peter M. Umunay, J. W. Ferry Slik, Martin Gilpin, Ana Andrade, Andrew R. Marshall, Alvaro Cogollo Pacheco, Bonaventure Sonké, Rodrigo Sierra, Jan Bogaert, Emanuel Gloor, Christopher Baraloto, Guido Pardo, Nicholas J. Berry, Simon L. Lewis, Georgia Pickavance, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Ismayadi Samsoedin, Vincent A. Vos, Carlos Cerón, Jean-Louis Doucet, Peter S. Ashton, William F. Laurance, Wannes Hubau, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Eric Chezeaux, Zorayda Restrepo, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Kanehiro Kitayama, Everton Cristo de Almeida, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Sophie Fauset, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Jan Reitsma, Corneille E. N. Ewango, Percy Núñez Vargas, Hans ter Steege, John Terborgh, Roel J. W. Brienen, Jean-François Bastin, Kamariah Abu Salim, Jon C. Lovett, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Simon Willcock, Marisol Toledo, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Serge K. Begne, Greta C. Dargie, Carlos A. Quesada, Terese B. Hart, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Terry Sunderland, Ted R. Feldpausch, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Stuart J. Davies, Lera Miles, Sean C. Thomas, Lip Khoon Kho, Lisa Steel, Jaques Mukinzi, Marie Noel Djuikouo K., Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Terry L. Erwin, Ervan Rutishauser, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Rafael Herrera, Shin-ichiro Aiba, Faustin Mpanya Lukasu, Damien Bonal, Sylvester Tan, Esteban Alvarez Dávila, Marielos Peña-Claros, José Luís Camargo, Lee J. T. White, James A. Comiskey, Hermann Taedoumg, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Pascal Petronelli, Jean-Remy Makana, Ophelia Wang, Richard B. Primack, Gerardo A. Aymard C, Charles De Cannière, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Leandro Maracahipes, Kuswata Kartawinata, Michael Balinga, Victor Chama Moscoso, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, David Harris, Miguel E. Leal, Paulo S. Morandi, John Tshibamba Mukendi, Frans Bongers, Joey Talbot, Douglas Sheil, Reuben Nilus, John R. Poulsen, Oliver L. Phillips, Sch Geog, University of Nottingham, Dept Geog, University College of London [London] (UCL), Plant Systemat & Ecol Lab, Université de Yaoundé, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Coll Marine & Environm Sci, James Cook University, Leiden University, Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux du Gabon, Ecole de Terrain en Ecologie Tropicale (ECOTROP), Mensurat Unit, Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Kagoshima University, Inst Biodiversidade & Floresta, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Ctr Trop Conservat, Duke University [Durham], Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Coll Life & Environm Sci, University of Exeter, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Harvard University [Cambridge], Programa Ciencias Agro & Mar, Herbario Universitario PORT, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Florida International University (FIU), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 BSEF), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Sch Geosci, University of Edinburgh, Biodivers & Landscape Unit, Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux], Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Projeto Dinam Biol Fragmentos Florestais, Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, Rougier Gabon, Nicholas Sch Environm, Duke University, Jardín Botánico de Medellín, Inventory & Monitoring Program, National Park Service, Smithsonian Institution, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Landscape Ecol & Vegetal Prod Syst Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Dept Bot & Plant Physiol, Fac Sci, University of Buea, Wildlife Conservation Society, Centre de Formation et de Recherche en Conservation Forestière (CEFRECOF), Department of Biology [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Ctr Ecol, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Inst Geog & Reg Forsch, University of Vienna, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Lukuru Wildlife Res Fdn, Div Vertebrate Zool, National Museum of Natural History, Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Integrat Res Ctr, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Trop Peat Res Inst, Biol Res Div, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kyoto University, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Coll Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, George Mason University, Fac Sci Agron, University of Kisangani, Sch Geog & Environm, University of Oxford, Universidade Federal de Goiás [Goiânia] (UFG), Flamingo Land LTD, Dept Environm, CIRCLE, University of York, Salonga Natl Pk, sabah Parks, Universidad Autonoma del Beni, Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Natural History Museum [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO), Southern Swedish Forest Res Ctr, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Bur Waarderburg, Fundación Con-Vida, CarboForExpert, Fac Sci, Environm & Life Sci, University of Brunei Darussalam (Biology Department), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), Museu Univ, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), World Wide Fund for Nature, CTFS AA Asia Program, Fac Forestry, University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava (USU), Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, Yale University [New Haven], Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado Norte Amazónico, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Biol Sci, Liverpool John Moore University (ljmu), Sch Environm Nat Resources & Geog, Bangor University, European Research Council (ERC), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, David and Lucile Packard Foundation, European Union's Seventh Framework Programme 283080, 282664, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency Grants, NERC Consortium Grant 'AMAZONICA' NE/F005806/1, NERC Consortium Grant 'TROBIT' NE/D005590/1, NERC Consortium Grant 'BIO-RED' NE/N012542/1, NERC New Investigators Grant, Royal Society, Centre for International Forestry (CIFOR), Gabon's National Parks Agency (ANPN), NERC PhD Studentship, UNEP-WCMC, NERC research fellowship NE/I021160/1, Royal Society University Research Fellowship ERC Advanced Grant (T-FORCES), Phillip Leverhulme Prize, Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, NERC studentship, RGS-IBG Henrietta Hutton Grant, National Council for Science and Technology Development of Brazil (CNPq) PELD/403725/2012-7, CNPq/PPBio/457602/2012-0, National Council for Science and Technology Development of Brazil (CNPq) Productivity Grant, Leverhulme Trust under the Valuing the Arc project, Missouri Botanical Garden, Sullivan, Martin J. P., Université de Yaoundé I, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (UPR BSEF), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Vienna [Vienna], Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), University of Oxford [Oxford], Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Université de Toulouse (UT), James Cook University (JCU), Universiteit Leiden, Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux du Gabon (ANPN), Harvard University, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, INCREASES, ALPHA-DIVERSITY, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biome, Biodiversity, COMPLEMENTARITY, forêt tropicale, Forests, 01 natural sciences, AMAZONIAN FORESTS, Tropic Climate, biodiversité, biomasse aérienne des arbres, conservation des forêts, Tropical climate, stockage du carbone, Biomass (ecology), Multidisciplinary, PRODUCTIVITY, Agroforestry, Ecology, Plants, PE&RC, Classification, Tropical ecology, Chemistry, séquestration du carbone, biome, diversité variétale, protection de la forêt, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS, tropical forest, Asia, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, TREE ALPHA-DIVERSITY, forêt amazonienne, CONSERVATION, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, Ecology and Environment, Phénomènes atmosphériques, Forest ecology, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Forest, AFRICAN RAIN-FORESTS, WOOD PRODUCTION, BIODIVERSITY, CLIMATE, K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection, atténuation des effets du changement climatique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Western Hemisphere, TREE SPECIES RICHNESS, Tropics, Plant, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Carbon, biodiversité forestière, DOMINANCE, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Africa, Alpha diversity, Americas, structure de la canopée
Abstract: Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest to fulfil biodiversity and climate mitigation policy targets, but the conservation strategies needed to achieve these two functions depend critically on the tropical forest tree diversity-carbon storage relationship. Assessing this relationship is challenging due to the scarcity of inventories where carbon stocks in aboveground biomass and species identifications have been simultaneously and robustly quantified. Here, we compile a unique pan-Tropical dataset of 360 plots located in structurally intact old-growth closed-canopy forest, surveyed using standardised methods, allowing a multi-scale evaluation of diversity-carbon relationships in tropical forests. Diversity-carbon relationships among all plots at 1 ha scale across the tropics are absent, and within continents are either weak (Asia) or absent (Amazonia, Africa). A weak positive relationship is detectable within 1 ha plots, indicating that diversity effects in tropical forests may be scale dependent. The absence of clear diversity-carbon relationships at scales relevant to conservation planning means that carbon-centred conservation strategies will inevitably miss many high diversity ecosystems. As tropical forests can have any combination of tree diversity and carbon stocks both require explicit consideration when optimising policies to manage tropical carbon and biodiversity., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2017

40. Sapling performance along resource gradients drives tree species distributions within and across tropical forests

Author: Lourens Poorter, Marisol Toledo, Lars Markesteijn, Feike Schieving, and Frank J. Sterck
Subjects: Ecological niche, dry forest, Community, Ecology, life-history, Drought tolerance, Niche differentiation, Biology, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, distribution patterns, global convergence, Water balance, Spatial ecology, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, functional traits, woody-plants, light requirements, Realized niche width, xylem cavitation, Shade tolerance, community ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, shade-tolerance
Abstract: Niche differentiation is a major hypothesized determinant of species distributions, but its practical importance is heavily debated and its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Trait-based approaches have been used to infer niche differentiation and predict species distributions. For understanding underlying mechanisms, individual traits should be scaled up to whole-plant performance, which has rarely been done. We measured seven key traits that are important for carbon and water balance for 37 tropical tree species. We used a process-based plant physiological model to simulate the carbon budget of saplings along gradients of light and water availability, and quantified the performance of the species in terms of their light compensation points (a proxy for shade tolerance), water compensation points (proxy for drought tolerance), and maximum carbon gain rates (proxy for potential growth rate). We linked species performances to their observed distributions (the realized niches) at two spatial scales in Bolivian lowland forests: along a canopy openness gradient at local scale (~1 km2) and along a rainfall gradient (1100–2200 mm/yr) at regional (~1000 km) scale. We show that the water compensation point was the best predictor of species distributions along water and light resource gradients within and across tropical forests. A sensitivity analysis suggests that the stomatal regulation of minimum leaf water potentials, rather than stem hydraulic traits (sapwood area and specific conductivity), contributed to the species differences in the water compensation point of saplings. The light compensation point and maximum carbon gain, both driven by leaf area index and leaf nitrogen concentration, also contributed to differential species distributions at the local scale, but not or only marginally at the regional scale. Trait-and-physiology-based simulations of whole-plant performance thus help to evaluate the possible roles of individual traits in physiological processes underlying species performance along environmental gradients. The development of such whole-plant concepts will improve our ability to understand responses of plant communities to shifts in resource availability and stress under global change.
Published: 2014

41. Fast demographic traits promote high diversification rates of Amazonian trees

Author: Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, William F. Laurance, Jérôme Chave, Kyle G. Dexter, Hans ter Steege, Miguel Alexiades, Maria Cristina Peñuela-Mora, Iêda Leão do Amaral, J. Natalino M. Silva, Oliver L. Phillips, Adriana Prieto, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Yadvinder Malhi, Alejandro Araujo, Fredy Ramírez, Marisol Toledo, Marcelo F. Simon, Carlos A. Quesada, Rodolfo Vasquez, Susan G. Laurance, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Marcos Silveira, Agustín Rudas, R. Toby Pennington, Atila Alves de Oliveira, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Emanuel Gloor, Hirma Ramírez Angulo, Eduardo Schmidt Eler, Timothy R. Baker, Ana Andrade, Simon L. Lewis, Gerardo Aymard, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Vincent A. Vos, Isau Huamantupa, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Eric Arets, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Luzmila Arroyo, Roel J. W. Brienen, Esteban Álvarez, Damien Bonal, Euridice Honorio, Claudio Leaño, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Susana Magallón, Timothy J. Killeen, Niro Higuchi, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Ted R. Feldpausch, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Anthony Di Fiore, Wilson Roberto Spironello, Emilio Vilanova, John Terborgh, University of Leeds, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), James Cook University (JCU), University of Kent [Canterbury], Universidad del Tolima, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Herbario Universitario PORT, Projeto TEAM-Manaus, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Republic of Panama., Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Conservation International, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso (UNEMAT), Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University [Durham], Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], EMBRAPA Amazonia Oriental, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Universidade federal rural da Amazonia, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (CENARGEN), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Universiteit Utrecht, Universidad Autonoma del Beni, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado [Bolivie], Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, National Environmental Research Council [NE/I028122/1, NE/F005806/1], European Commission [282664, 283080], Royal Society, National Geographic Society, Tropenbos International, European Commission, NASA Longterm Biosphere-Atmosphere Project in Amazonia (LBA), Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [558069/2009-6], projeto INCT Processo [574008/2008-0], National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Brazil, Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring (TEAM) Network, a collaboration among Conservation International, Smithsonian Institution, Wildlife Conservation Society, French ANR [CEBA: ANR-10-LABX-0025, TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041], European Research Council project 'Tropical Forests in the Changing Earth System', Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, and Ecology and Biodiversity
Subjects: tropical forest, Canopy, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Amazonian, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Biodiversity, generation time, Biology, Models, Biological, diversity, Trees, traits, Models, evolution, Tropical climate, Alterra - Centre for Water and Climate, Forest and Landscape Ecology, patterns, Letters, species richness, Clade, climate, Vegetatie, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, forests, Tropical Climate, Diversity, Vegetation, Ecology, clades, life-history, turnover, South America, 15. Life on land, Biological, divergence times, Trait, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Species richness, Alterra - Centrum Water en Klimaat, ecological limits
Abstract: International audience; The Amazon rain forest sustains the world's highest tree diversity, but it remains unclear why some clades of trees are hyperdiverse, whereas others are not. Using dated phylogenies, estimates of current species richness and trait and demographic data from a large network of forest plots, we show that fast demographic traits - short turnover times - are associated with high diversification rates across 51 clades of canopy trees. This relationship is robust to assuming that diversification rates are either constant or decline over time, and occurs in a wide range of Neotropical tree lineages. This finding reveals the crucial role of intrinsic, ecological variation among clades for understanding the origin of the remarkable diversity of Amazonian trees and forests.
Published: 2014

42. Supplementary material to 'Climate seasonality limits carbon assimilation and storage in tropical forests'

Author: Fabien H. Wagner, Bruno Hérault, Damien Bonal, Clément Stahl, Liana O. Anderson, Timothy R. Baker, Gabriel Sebastian Becker, Hans Beeckman, Danilo Boanerges Souza, Paulo Cesar Botosso, David M. J. S. Bowman, Achim Bräuning, Benjamin Brede, Foster Irving Brown, Jesus Julio Camarero, Plínio Barbosa Camargo, Fernanda C. G. Cardoso, Fabrício Alvim Carvalho, Wendeson Castro, Rubens Koloski Chagas, Jérome Chave, Emmanuel N. Chidumayo, Deborah A Clark, Flavia Regina Capellotto Costa, Camille Couralet, Paulo Henrique da Silva Mauricio, Helmut Dalitz, Vinicius Resende de Castro, Jaçanan Eloisa de Freitas Milani, Edilson Consuelo de Oliveira, Luciano de Souza Arruda, Jean-Louis Devineau, David M. Drew, Oliver Dünisch, Giselda Durigan, Elisha Elifuraha, Marcio Fedele, Ligia Ferreira Fedele, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, César Augusto Guimarães Finger, Augusto César Franco, João Lima Freitas Júnior, Franklin Galvão, Aster Gebrekirstos, Robert Gliniars, Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro Graça, Anthony D. Griffiths, James Grogan, Kaiyu Guan, Jürgen Homeier, Maria Raquel Kanieski, Lip Khoon Kho, Jennifer Koenig, Sintia Valerio Kohler, Julia Krepkowski, José Pires Lemos-Filho, Diana Lieberman, Milton Eugene Lieberman, Claudio Sergio Lisi, Tomaz Longhi Santos, José Luis López Ayala, Eduardo Eijji Maeda, Yadvinder Malhi, Vivian R. B. Maria, Marcia C. M. Marques, Renato Marques, Hector Maza Maza Chamba, Lawrence Mbwambo, Karina Liana Lisboa Melgaço, Hooz Angela Mendivelso, Brett P. Murphy, Joseph J. O'Brien, Steven F. Oberbauer, Naoki Okada, Raphaël Pélissier, Lynda D. Prior, Fidel Alejandro Roig, Michael Ross, Davi Rodrigo Rossatto, Vivien Rossi, Lucy Rowland, Ervan Rutishauser, Hellen Santana, Mark Schulze, Diogo Selhorst, Williamar Rodrigues Silva, Marcos Silveira, Susanne Spannl, Michael D. Swaine, José Julio Toledo, Marcos Miranda Toledo, Marisol Toledo, Takeshi Toma, Mario Tomazello Filho, Juan Ignacio Valdez Hernández, Jan Verbesselt, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Grégoire Vincent, Carolina Volkmer de Castilho, Franziska Volland, Martin Worbes, Magda Lea Bolzan Zanon, and Luiz E. O. C. Aragão
Published: 2016

43. Climate seasonality limits carbon assimilation and storage in tropical forests

Author: James Grogan, Martin Worbes, Tomaz Longhi Santos, Williamar Rodrigues Silva, Timothy R. Baker, Raphaël Pélissier, Yadvinder Malhi, Márcia C. M. Marques, Takeshi Toma, Jürgen Homeier, Helmut Dalitz, Hans Beeckman, Michael D. Swaine, Camille Couralet, Edilson Consuelo de Oliveira, Lip Khoon Kho, Maria Raquel Kanieski, Jean-Louis Devineau, David M. J. S. Bowman, Gabriel Sebastian Becker, Paulo Maurício Lima de Alencastro Graça, Paulo Cesar Botosso, Naoki Okada, Marcos Miranda Toledo, José Julio de Toledo, Davi Rodrigo Rossatto, David M. Drew, Magda Lea Bolzan Zanon, Aster Gebrekirstos, Simone Aparecida Vieira, Afonso Figueiredo Filho, José P. Lemos-Filho, Julia Krepkowski, Franklin Galvão, Flávia R. C. Costa, Fernanda C. G. Cardoso, Michael S. Ross, Elisha Elifuraha, Hellen Paredio Santana, Eduardo Eijji Maeda, Claudio Sergio Lisi, José Luis López Ayala, Jennifer Koenig, Fabrício Alvim Carvalho, J. Julio Camarero, Fidel A. Roig, Vivien Rossi, Steven F. Oberbauer, Wendeson Castro, Grégoire Vincent, Jan Verbesselt, Vinicius Resende de Castro, João Lima Freitas Júnior, Milton Eugene Lieberman, Ligia Ferreira Fedele, Brett P. Murphy, Achim Bräuning, Oliver Dünisch, Marisol Toledo, E. N. Chidumayo, Ervan Rutishauser, Giselda Durigan, Mark Schulze, Juan Ignacio Valdez Hernández, César Augusto Guimarães Finger, Danilo Boanerges Souza, Anthony D. Griffiths, Karina Melgaço, Jérôme Chave, Diana Lieberman, Benjamin Brede, Carolina V. Castilho, Paulo Henrique da Silva Mauricio, Sintia Valerio Kohler, Lucy Rowland, Damien Bonal, Augusto C. Franco, Mario Tomazello Filho, Renato Francisco Rodrigues Marques, Lynda D. Prior, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Bruno Hérault, Franziska Volland, Kaiyu Guan, Marcio Fedele, Deborah A. Clark, Hector Maza Maza Chamba, Joseph J. O'Brien, Lawrence Mbwambo, Foster Brown, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Marcos Silveira, Robert Gliniars, Clément Stahl, Fabien Wagner, Luciano de Souza Arruda, Rubens Koloski Chagas, Hooz Angela Mendivelso, Diogo Selhorst, Susanne Spannl, Jaçanan Eloisa de Freitas Milani, Vivian R. B. Maria, Liana O. Anderson, and National Institute for Space Research [Sao José dos Campos] (INPE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, tropical forests, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, carbon, Enhanced vegetation index, 15. Life on land, Plant litter, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Photosynthetic capacity, Carbon cycle, Productivity (ecology), 13. Climate action, Evapotranspiration, Environmental science, Terrestrial ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and 35 litter productivity measurements), their associate canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonality in tropical forests and how they interact in the seasonal carbon cycle. We found that canopy photosynthetic capacity seasonality responds positively to precipitation when rainfall is < 2000 mm.yr−1 (water-limited forests) and to radiation otherwise (light-limited forests); on the other hand, independent of climate limitations, wood productivity and litterfall are driven by seasonal variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration respectively. Consequently, light-limited forests present an asynchronism between canopy photosynthetic capacity and wood productivity. Precipitation first-order control indicates an overall decrease in tropical forest productivity in a drier climate.
Published: 2016

44. Driving factors of forest growth: a reply to Ferryet al.(2012)

Author: Alfredo Alarcón, Marielos Peña-Claros, Juan Carlos Licona, Frans Bongers, Claudio Leaño, Oscar Llanque, Marisol Toledo, Julio Balcázar, Lourens Poorter, Pieter A. Zuidema, and Vincent Vroomans
Subjects: Geography, Ecology, Forest dynamics, Disturbance (ecology), Amazon rainforest, Logging, Forest management, Secondary forest, Spatial variability, Plant Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Basal area
Abstract: 1. In a recent paper, we analysed the effects of climate, soil and logging disturbance on tree and forest growth (Toledo et al. 2011a). We took advantage of one of the largest data sets in the Neotropics, consisting of 165 1-ha plots and over 62 000 trees distributed over an area of c. 160 000 km2, across large environmental gradients in lowland Bolivia. The main findings were that climate was the strongest driver of spatial variation in tree growth, whereas soils had only a modest effect on growth and that the effect of logging disappeared after a few years. 2. Ferry (2012) suggest that we underestimated the disturbance effects on growth because of a supposedly wrong coding of Time After Logging (TAL) for unlogged plots. Although we have good biological reasons why we coded TAL like we did, we checked Ferry et al.s suggestions for recoding and found no differences in variables that significantly explained tree and forest growth. We agree, however, that for future research, it is important to go beyond simple descriptors such as time after logging and basal area logged, to better describe the variation in logging impact found in areas under forest management. 3. Ferry et al. claim that we did not define basal area growth properly. We believe this is a semantic issue, as we clearly defined basal area growth as the net change in basal area. This net basal area change in Bolivian forests is indeed relatively high compared to other studies, which may be attributed to the higher soil fertility and biogeographic differences in species composition and their traits. 4. Synthesis. Many apparent discrepancies in the ecological literature arise because tropical forest ecologists tend to see the world from the perspective of their own forest (despite clear biogeographic differences) and try to capture the same ecological processes using different variables and measurement protocols. To advance our understanding and go beyond single-case studies, we need to assemble large databases, quantify forest dynamics and disturbances in similar ways, be aware of differences among forests and analyse environmental doseresponse curves.
Published: 2012

45. Soil Effects on Forest Structure and Diversity in a Moist and a Dry Tropical Forest

Author: Lincoln Quevedo, Marielos Peña-Claros, Juan Carlos Licona, William Pariona, Francis E. Putz, Alfredo Alarcón, Urbano Choque, Geoffrey M. Blate, Marisol Toledo, Lourens Poorter, Marco J. Justiniano, Todd S. Fredericksen, and Claudio Leaño
Subjects: Forest floor, Cloud forest, Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Agroforestry, Beta diversity, Old-growth forest, Agronomy, Forest ecology, Secondary forest, Environmental science, Soil fertility, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Soil characteristics are important drivers of variation in wet tropical forest structure and diversity, but few studies have evaluated these relationships in drier forest types. Using tree and soil data from 48 and 32 1ha plots, respectively, in a Bolivian moist and dry forest, we asked how soil conditions affect forest structure and diversity within each of the two forest types. After correcting for spatial effects, soil-vegetation relationships differed between the dry and the moist forest, being strongest in the dry forest. Furthermore, we hypothesized that soil nutrients would play a more important role in the moist forest than in the dry forest because vegetation in the moist forest is less constrained by water availability and thus can show its full potential response to soil fertility. However, contrary to our expectations, we found that soil fertility explained a larger number of forest variables in the dry forest (50 percent) than in the moist forest (17 percent). Shannon diversity declined with soil fertility at both sites, probably because the most dominant, shade-tolerant species strongly increased in abundance as soil fertility increased.
Published: 2011

46. Distribution patterns of tropical woody species in response to climatic and edaphic gradients

Author: Alfredo Alarcón, Frans Bongers, Juan Carlos Licona, Julio Balcázar, Marielos Peña-Claros, Claudio Leaño, José Chuviña, Marisol Toledo, and Lourens Poorter
Subjects: Ecology, Habitat, Common species, Abundance (ecology), Species distribution, Environmental science, Edaphic, Plant Science, Species richness, Generalist and specialist species, Relative species abundance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: 1. The analysis of species distribution patterns along environmental gradients is important for understanding the diversity and ecology of plants and species responses to climate change, but detailed data are surprisingly scarce for the tropics. 2. Here, we analyse the distribution of 100 woody species over 220 1-ha forest plots distributed over an area of c. 160 000 km2, across large environmental gradients in lowland Bolivia and evaluate the relative importance of climate and soils in shaping species distribution addressing four multivariate environmental axes (rainfall amount and distribution, temperature, soil fertility and soil texture). 3. Although species abundance was positively related to species frequency (the number of plots in which the species is found), this relationship was rather weak, which challenges the view that most tropical forests are dominated at large scales by a few common species. 4. Species responded clearly to environmental gradients, and for most of the species (65%), climatic and soil conditions could explain most of the variation in occurrence (R2 > 0.50), which challenges the idea that most tropical tree species are habitat generalists. 5. Climate was a stronger driver of species distribution than soils; 91% of the species were affected by rainfall (distribution), 72% by temperature, 47% by soil fertility and 44% by soil texture. In contrast to our expectation, few species showed a typical unimodal response to the environmental gradients.6. Synthesis. Tropical tree species specialize for different parts of the environmental gradients, and climate is a stronger driver of species distribution than soils. Because climate change scenarios predict increases in annual temperature and a stronger dry season for tropical forests, we may expect potentially large shifts in the distribution of tropical trees
Published: 2011

47. Climate is a stronger driver of tree and forest growth rates than soil and disturbance

Author: Pieter A. Zuidema, Julio Balcázar, Vincent Vroomans, Juan Carlos Licona, Frans Bongers, Oscar Llanque, Alfredo Alarcón, Marisol Toledo, Claudio Leaño, Marielos Peña-Claros, and Lourens Poorter
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology, Logging, Climate change, Plant Science, 15. Life on land, Seasonality, Carbon sequestration, medicine.disease, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Basal area, Nutrient, Agronomy, 13. Climate action, Soil water, medicine, Environmental science, Soil fertility, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Summary 1. Essential resources such as water, nutrients and light vary over space and time and plant growth rates are expected to vary accordingly. We examined the effects of climate, soil and logging disturbances on diameter growth rates at the tree and stand level, using 165 1-ha permanent sample plots distributed across Bolivian tropical lowland forests. 2. We predicted that growth rates would be higher in humid than in dry forests, higher in nutrientrich than nutrient-poor forests and higher in logged than non-logged forests. 3. Across the 165 plots we found positive basal area increases at the stand level, which agree with the generally reported biomass increases in tropical forests. 4. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that climate variables, in particular water availability, were the strongest drivers of tree growth. More rainfall, a shorter and less intense dry period and higher temperatures led to higher tree growth rates. 5. Tree growth increased modestly with soil fertility and basal area growth was greatest at intermediate soil fertility. Surprisingly, tree growth showed little or no relationship with total soil nitrogen or plant available soil phosphorus. 6. Growth rates increased in logged plots just after logging, but this effect disappeared after 6y ears. 7. Synthesis. Climate is the strongest driver of spatial variation in tree growth, and climate change may therefore have large consequences for forest productivity and carbon sequestration. The negative impact of decreased rainfall and increased rainfall seasonality on tree growth might be partly offset by the positive impact of increased temperature in these forests.
Published: 2010

48. Patterns and Determinants of Floristic Variation across Lowland Forests of Bolivia

Author: Hans ter Steege, Alfredo Alarcón, Marielos Peña-Claros, Frans Bongers, Claudio Leaño, Juan Carlos Licona, Lourens Poorter, Julio Balcázar, José Chuviña, and Marisol Toledo
Subjects: Geography, Ecology, Abundance (ecology), Indicator species, Species distribution, medicine, Ordination, Edaphic, Seasonality, medicine.disease, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Environmental gradient, Detrended correspondence analysis
Abstract: Floristic variation is high in the Neotropics, but little is known about the factors shaping this variation at the mesoscale. We examined floristic composition and its relationship with environmental factors across 220 1-ha permanent plots in tropical lowland Bolivia. For each plot, abundance of 100 species (93 tree and 7 palm species =10 cm diam) was obtained. Climatic data, related to rainfall seasonality and temperature, were interpolated from all available weather stations in the region, and soil properties, related to texture and fertility, were obtained for each plot. Floristic variation was strongly associated with differences in water availability and temperature, and therefore the climatic gradient shaped floristic variation more strongly than the edaphic gradient. Detrended correspondence analysis ordination divided lowland Bolivia primarily into two major groups (Southern Chiquitano region vs. the Amazon region) and a multiple response permutation procedure distinguished five floristic regions. Overall, the tested environmental variables differed significantly among the five regions. Using indicator species analysis, we distinguished 82 strong indicator species, which had significant environmental preferences for one floristic region. These species can be used as indicators of environmental conditions or to determine which floristic region a certain forest belongs. Given the predicted decreases in rainfall and increases in temperature for tropical lowland forests, our gradient approach suggests that species composition may shift drastically with climate change
Published: 2010

49. Rapid tree carbon stock recovery in managed Amazonian forests

Author: Cintia Rodrigues de Souza, Lucas Mazzei, Francis E. Putz, Kátia Emídio da Silva, Anand Roopsind, Milton Kanashiro, Ervan Rutishauser, Marcus Vinicio Neves d'Oliveira, Ken Rodney, Bruno Hérault, Alexander Shenkin, Marielos Peña-Claros, Eleneide Doff Sotta, Thales A.P. West, Joice Ferreira, Lilian Blanc, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Verginia Wortel, Plinio Sist, Marisol Toledo, Luís Cláudio de Oliveira, Edson Vidal, Christopher Baraloto, Laurent Descroix, CarboForExpert, Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (UPR BSEF), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), International Center for Tropical Botany, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Office National des Forêts (ONF), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Santa Cruz 10260, Bolivia, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Biology Department, Iw, Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford [Oxford], Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, University of São Paulo, Biodiversity Department, Center for Agricultural Research in Suriname (CELOS), Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 BSEF), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Florida [Gainesville], Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), University of Oxford, Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ervan Rutishauser, CarboForExpert / CIRAD, Bruno Hérault, CIRAD, Christopher Baraloto, INRA / Florida International University, Lilian Blanc, CIRAD, Laurent Descroix, ONF-Guyane, ELENEIDE DOFF SOTTA, CPAF-AP, JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU, MILTON KANASHIRO, CPATU, LUCAS JOSE MAZZEI DE FREITAS, CPATU, MARCUS VINICIO NEVES D OLIVEIRA, CPAF-AC, LUIS CLAUDIO DE OLIVEIRA, CPAF-AC, Marielos Peña-Claros, Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group / Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, Francis E. Putz, University of Florida, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, Ken Rodney, Iwokrama, Anand Roopsind, University of Florida / Iwokrama, Alexander Shenkin, University of Oxford, KATIA EMIDIO DA SILVA, CPAA, CINTIA RODRIGUES DE SOUZA, CPAA, Marisol Toledo, Instituto Boliviano de Investigación Forestal, Edson Vidal, ESALQ/USP, Thales A. P. West, University of Florida, Verginia Wortel, CELOS, and Plinio Sist, CIRAD.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, stock de carbone, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Amazonian, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biodiversity, Forests, 01 natural sciences, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomass, Forêt tropicale humide, Carbon stock, Suriname, Estoque de carbono, Wood production, Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all), Agroforestry, Logging, Forestry, Exploitation forestière, Floresta, séquestration du carbone, Tree (data structure), FLORESTAS TROPICAIS, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Brazil, Reconstitution forestière, Bolivia, Conservation of Natural Resources, F40 - Écologie végétale, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, forêt amazonienne, Aménagement forestier, Biology, Abattage d'arbres, 010603 evolutionary biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Logged tropical forests, K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection, atténuation des effets du changement climatique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Changement climatique, Rotation de coupe, business.industry, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), Tropics, Changement de couvert végétal, 15. Life on land, Carbon, Déboisement, Climate change mitigation, Développement durable, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, Politique forestière, Species richness, Cycle du carbone, business
Abstract: SummaryWhile around 20% of the Amazonian forest has been cleared for pastures and agriculture, one fourth of the remaining forest is dedicated to wood production [1]. Most of these production forests have been or will be selectively harvested for commercial timber, but recent studies show that even soon after logging, harvested stands retain much of their tree-biomass carbon and biodiversity [2,3]. Comparing species richness of various animal taxa among logged and unlogged forests across the tropics, Burivalova et al. [4] found that despite some variability among taxa, biodiversity loss was generally explained by logging intensity (the number of trees extracted). Here, we use a network of 79 permanent sample plots (376 ha total) located at 10 sites across the Amazon Basin [5] to assess the main drivers of time-to-recovery of post-logging tree carbon (Table S1). Recovery time is of direct relevance to policies governing management practices (i.e., allowable volumes cut and cutting cycle lengths), and indirectly to forest-based climate change mitigation interventions.
Published: 2015
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50. The tropical managed forests observatory: a research network addressing the future of tropical logged forests

Author: Stephan A. Pietsch, Plinio Sist, Bruno Hérault, Christopher Baraloto, Marisol Toledo, Edson Vidal, Anand Roopsind, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Luís Cláudio de Oliveira, Marielos Peña-Claros, Cintia Rodrigues de Souza, H. Priyadi, Thales A.P. West, Alexander Shenkin, Lucas Mazzei, Riina Jalonen, Eleneide Doff Sotta, Haruni Krisnawati, Robert Nasi, Ken Rodney, Verginia Wortel, Ismail Bin Harun, Fidèle Baya, Vivien Rossi, Nur Hajar Zamah Shari, Kátia Emídio da Silva, Vincent P. Medjibe, Fabrice Bénédet, Michelle A. Pinard, Farida Herry Susanty, Ervan Rutishauser, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Lilian Blanc, Francis E. Putz, Laurent Descroix, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Milton Kanashiro, Mrigesh Kshatriya, Toshihiro Yamada, Joice Ferreira, Marcus Vinícius Neves d'Oliveira, Philippa R. Lincoln, Nicolas Picard, Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 BSEF), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), CarboForExpert, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), School of Natural Resources & Environment, University of Florida [Gainesville], Environmental Change Institute, Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford [Oxford], Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ministère Centrafricain des Eaux, Forêts, Chasses et Pêches (MEFCP), Amazonia Central, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Réserve de Montabo, Office National des Forêts (ONF), Amazonia Oriental, Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), Biodiversity International, Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), LTS International, Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux du Gabon, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University [Durham], Embrapa Acre, Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), University of Aberdeen, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Biology, Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Departamento de Ciencias Florestais, University of São Paulo, Biodiversity Department, Center for Agricultural Research in Suriname (CELOS), Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (UPR BSEF), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), and Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)
Subjects: Sylviculture, Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, Tropical forests, Biodiversity, forêt tropicale, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Tropical managed Forests Observatory, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Climate change, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, Silviculture, Bodembiologie, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Changement climatique, Forest inventory, Ecology, Forest dynamics, Agroforestry, Tropical managed forests Observatory, Logging, Tropics, Soil Biology, Carbon cycle, 15. Life on land, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, K10 - Production forestière, Geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Cycle du carbone, Ecosystem resilience, Écosystème
Abstract: While attention on logging in the tropics has been increasing, studies on the long-term effects of silviculture on forest dynamics and ecology remain scare and spatially limited. Indeed, most of our knowledge on tropical forests arises from studies carried out in undisturbed tropical forests. This bias is problematic given that logged and disturbed tropical forests are now covering a larger area than the so-called primary forests. A new network of permanent sample plots in logged forests, the Tropical managed Forests Observatory (TmFO), aims to fill this gap by providing unprecedented opportunities to examine long-term data on the resilience of logged tropical forests at regional and global scales. TmFO currently includes 24 experimental sites distributed across three tropical regions, with a total of 490 permanent plots and 921 ha of forest inventories.
Published: 2015

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