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2. Olea europaea olive.

Author

Rugini, E., primary, Baldoni, L., additional, Silvestri, C., additional, Mariotti, R., additional, Narváez, I., additional, Cultrera, N., additional, Cristofori, V., additional, Bashir, M. A., additional, Mousavi, S., additional, Palomo-Ríos, E., additional, Mercado, J. A., additional, and Pliego-Alfaro, F., additional

Published
2020
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3. Magnetic resonance imaging of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled exosomes from stem cells: a new method to obtain labeled exosomes

Author

Busato A, Bonafede R, Bontempi P, Scambi I, Schiaffino L, Benati D, Malatesta M, Sbarbati A, Marzola P, and Mariotti R

Subjects
MRI, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, cellular imaging, stem cells labeling, exosome labeling, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Alice Busato,1,* Roberta Bonafede,1,* Pietro Bontempi,2 Ilaria Scambi,1 Lorenzo Schiaffino,1 Donatella Benati,1 Manuela Malatesta,1 Andrea Sbarbati,1 Pasquina Marzola,3 Raffaella Mariotti1 1Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, 2Department of Biotechnology, 3Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy *These authors contributed equally to this work Purpose: Recent findings indicate that the beneficial effects of adipose stem cells (ASCs), reported in several neurodegenerative experimental models, could be due to their paracrine activity mediated by the release of exosomes. The aim of this study was the development and validation of an innovative exosome-labeling protocol that allows to visualize them with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and methods: At first, ASCs were labeled using ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO, 4–6 nm), and optimal parameters to label ASCs in terms of cell viability, labeling efficiency, iron content, and magnetic resonance (MR) image contrast were investigated. Exosomes were then isolated from labeled ASCs using a standard isolation protocol. The efficiency of exosome labeling was assessed by acquiring MR images in vitro and in vivo as well as by determining their iron content. Transmission electron microscopy images and histological analysis were performed to validate the results obtained.Results: By using optimized experimental parameters for ASC labeling (200 µg Fe/mL of USPIO and 72 hours of incubation), it was possible to label 100% of the cells, while their viability remained comparable to unlabeled cells; the detection limit of MR images was of 102 and 2.5×103 ASCs in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Exosomes isolated from previously labeled ASCs retain nanoparticles, as demonstrated by transmission electron microscopy images. The detection limit by MRI was 3 µg and 5 µg of exosomes in vitro and in vivo, respectively.Conclusion: We report a new approach for labeling of exosomes by USPIO that allows detection by MRI while preserving their morphology and physiological characteristics. Keywords: MRI, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, cellular imaging, stem cells labeling, exosome labeling

Published
2016

11. Duro biologico, cosa emerge

Author

Quaranta F., Dettori M., Mameli L., Podda E., Amato G., Giambalvo D., Frenda A. S., Ingraffia R., Tedone L., Schiavone D., Virzì N, Sciacca F., Pesce A. M., Palumbo M., Troccoli A., Paone S., Fornara M., Belocchi A., Benedetti L., Mazzon V., Mariotti R., Basili O., Bottazzi P., Petrini A., Fuselli D., Mazzieri G., and Quaranta F., Dettori M., Mameli L., Podda E., Amato G., Giambalvo D., Frenda A.S., Ingraffia R., Tedone L., Schiavone D., Virzì N, Sciacca F., Pesce A.M., Palumbo M., Troccoli A., Paone S., Fornara M., Belocchi A., Benedetti L., Mazzon V., Mariotti R., Basili O., Bottazzi P., Petrini A., Fuselli D., Mazzieri G.

Subjects
Frumento duro, regime biologico, varietà, Settore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee
Abstract

Anche nella coltivazione in regime biologico la conoscenza delle caratteristiche delle migliori varietà disponibili è di primaria importanza perché permette di scegliere la semente più adatta ai singoli ambienti cercando di conciliare esigenze produttive e qualitative e rendendo ancora più interessante questo metodo di coltivazione, soprattutto in quegli areali dove l’incremento delle rese risulta limitato da condizioni pedoclimatiche marginali. Sono state realizzate prove di confronto di 21 varietà in 10 località dell'Italia centro-meridionale utilizzando uno schema sperimentale a blocchi randomizzati con 3 o 4 ripetizioni. L'analisi dei risultati dell'ultimo quinquennio ha consentito di evidenziare come Emilio Lepido, Iride, Antalis, Claudio, Marco Aurelio, e Monastir siano le varietà più stabili dal punto di vista produttivo.

Published
2020

12. Qualità del grano duro nell’annata agraria 2018-2019

Author

Quaranta F., Zefelippo M., Converso R., Signor M., Barbiani G., Gianinetti A., Baravelli M., De Montis A., Rosta R., Massi A., Mantovani P., Mazzieri G., Governatori C., Petrini A., Fuselli D., Santilocchi R. Bianchelli M, Piani G., Bottazzi P., Fabbrini L., Viola P., Ruggeri R., Rossini F., Mariotti R., Basili O., Mazzon V., Belocchi A., Cacciatori P., Gosparini E., Fornara M., Vecchiarelli V., Pruneddu G., Motzo R., Giunta F., Balmas V., Carboni G., Dettori M., Mameli L., Podda E., Mori M., Di Mola I., Ottaiano L., Codianni P., Iannucci A., Rinaldi M., Romano P. M., Pecchioni N., Colonna M., Ricci M., Tedone L., De Mastro G., Schiavone D., Preiti G., Badagliacca G., Nocente F., Frenda A. S., Ingraffia R., Randazzo B., Amato G., Giambalvo D., Anastasi U., Virgillito S., Salafia L., Palumbo M., Virzì N., Sciacca F., Leonardi A., and Quaranta F., Zefelippo M., Converso R., Signor M., Barbiani G., Gianinetti A., Baravelli M., De Montis A., Rosta R., Massi A., Mantovani P., Mazzieri G., Governatori C., Petrini A., Fuselli D., Santilocchi R.,. Bianchelli M, Piani G., Bottazzi P., Fabbrini L., Viola P., Ruggeri R., Rossini F., Mariotti R., Basili O., Mazzon V., Belocchi A., Cacciatori P., Gosparini E., Fornara M., Vecchiarelli V., Pruneddu G., Motzo R., Giunta F., Balmas V., Carboni G., Dettori M., Mameli L., Podda E., Mori M., Di Mola I., Ottaiano L., Codianni P., Iannucci A., Rinaldi M., Romano P.M., Pecchioni N., Colonna M., Ricci M., Tedone L., De Mastro G., Schiavone D., Preiti G., Badagliacca G., Nocente F., Belocchi A., Frenda A.S., Ingraffia R., Randazzo B., Amato G., Giambalvo D., Anastasi U., Virgillito S., Salafia L., Palumbo M., Virzì N., Sciacca F., Leonardi A.

Subjects
Rete nazionale, Frumento duro, valutazione varietale, Settore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee
Abstract

Per valorizzare la filiera del grano duro italiano non va trascurata la formulazione e il continuo aggiornamento di liste di orientamento varietale attraverso la Rete nazionale di confronto varietale. I potenziali ampi margini di crescita per il settore primario nazionale, al servizio e al traino delle grandi performance industriali e commerciali delle imprese della trasformazione, sono possibili se si ottimizzano stabilmente i parametri qualitativi e igienico-sanitari delle produzioni e si lavora ad una maggiore concentrazione dell’offerta. La Rete nazionale di confronto varietale del grano duro, realizzata mediante prove svolte con protocolli comuni in ambienti rappresentativi delle diverse regioni, permette di acquisire e divulgare in maniera tempestiva le caratteristiche produttive, qualitative e di sensibilità alle principali fitopatie di numerose cultivar, per valutare il loro adattamento nei diversi areali anche al variare dell’andamento climatico negli anni. Ciò assicura un’informazione indipendente e su scala nazionale utile agli agricoltori nella scelta della cultivar più idonea, di supporto al ricambio varietale e in grado di assecondare le richieste di produttori e trasformatori e quindi, alla fine, dei consumatori. Nell'articolo vengono riportati i dati quanti-qualitativi relativi all’annata agraria 2018-19 durante la quale sono stati realizzati 31 campi di confronto tra varietà di frumento duro in regime convenzionale, dislocati in 14 regioni, e 7 campi in coltura biologica, localizzati in 5 regioni del Centro-Sud. Le varietà complessivamente saggiate sono state complessivamente 38 in convenzionale e 17 in biologico.

Published
2020

13. Resa e qualità del grano duro in coltivazione biologica

Author

Quaranta F., Dettori M., Mameli L., Podda E., Amato G., Giambalvo D., Frenda A. S., Ingraffia R., Tedone L., Schiavone D., Virzì N, Sciacca F., Pesce A. M., Palumbo M., Troccoli A., Paone S., Fornara M., Belocchi A., Gosparini E., Mazzon V., Mariotti R., Basili O., Bottazzi P., Petrini A., Fuselli D., Mazzieri G., and Quaranta F., Dettori M., Mameli L., Podda E., Amato G., Giambalvo D., Frenda A.S., Ingraffia R., Tedone L., Schiavone D., Virzì N, Sciacca F., Pesce A.M., Palumbo M., Troccoli A., Paone S., Fornara M., Belocchi A., Gosparini E., Mazzon V., Mariotti R., Basili O., Bottazzi P., Petrini A., Fuselli D., Mazzieri G.

Subjects
Frumento duro, rete nazionale, valutazione varietale, Settore AGR/02 - Agronomia E Coltivazioni Erbacee
Abstract

Nella stagione 2019-20, il confronto tra varietà di frumento duro in coltura biologica è stato realizzato in 10 campi localizzati in 7 regioni del Centro-Sud (Sicilia, Sardegna, Puglia, Basilicata, Lazio, Toscana e Marche). Ai vertici della graduatoria produttiva si ritrovano RGT Rangodur, Monastir, Daurur, Marakas, Marco Aurelio e Kanakis. Per un buon equilibrio fra resa e proteina si distingue Marco Aurelio insieme ad Anco Marzio, Furio Camillo, Claudio, Monastir, Marakas e Kanakis

Published
2020

25. The Paradox of Self-Fertile Varieties in the Context of Self-Incompatible Genotypes in Olive

Author

Alagna, F., Caceres, M. E., Pandolfi, S., Collani, Silvio, Mousavi, S., Mariotti, R., Cultrera, N. G. M., Baldoni, L., Barcaccia, G., Alagna, F., Caceres, M. E., Pandolfi, S., Collani, Silvio, Mousavi, S., Mariotti, R., Cultrera, N. G. M., Baldoni, L., and Barcaccia, G.

Abstract

Olive, representing one of the most important fruit crops of the Mediterranean area, is characterized by a general low fruit yield, due to numerous constraints, including alternate bearing, low flower viability, male-sterility, inter-incompatibility, and self-incompatibility (SI). Early efforts to clarify the genetic control of SI in olive gave conflicting results, and only recently, the genetic control of SI has been disclosed, revealing that olive possesses an unconventional homomorphic sporophytic diallelic system of SI, dissimilar from other described plants. This system, characterized by the presence of two SI groups, prevents self-fertilization and regulates inter-compatibility between cultivars, such that cultivars bearing the same incompatibility group are incompatible. Despite the presence of a functional SI, some varieties, in particular conditions, are able to set seeds following self-fertilization, a mechanism known as pseudo-self-compatibility (PSC), as widely reported in previous literature. Here, we summarize the results of previous works on SI in olive, particularly focusing on the occurrence of self-fertility, and offer a new perspective in view of the recent elucidation of the genetic architecture of the SI system in olive. Recent advances in research aimed at unraveling the molecular bases of SI and its breakdown in olive are also presented. The clarification of these mechanisms may have a huge impact on orchard management and will provide fundamental information for the future of olive breeding programs.

Published
2019
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28. Imidazole-stabilized gold nanoparticles induce neuronal apoptosis: An in vitro and in vivo study

Author

Imperatore, R, Carotenuto, G, Di Grazia MA, Ferrandino, I, Palomba, Letizia, Mariotti, R, Vitale, E, De Nicola, S, Longo, A, Cristino, L., Imperatore, R., Carotenuto, G., Di Grazia, Ma, Ferrandino, I., Palomba, L, Mariotti, R., Vitale, E., De Nicola, S., Longo, A., and Cristino, L.

Subjects
Neurons, Time Factors, Imidazoles, apoptosis, Brain, Metal Nanoparticles, blood brain barrier, cytotoxicity, neuroblastoma, thiolato ligands, Blood-brain barrier, Endocytosis, nanoparticelle, barriera emato encefalica, apoptosi, Mice, Inbred C57BL, tumore, Injections, Intravenous, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Animals, Humans, Tissue Distribution, Gold, Cell Shape
Abstract

Gold nanoparticles are increasingly being employed in innovative biological applications thanks to their advantages of material- and size-dependent physics and chemical interactions with the cellular systems. On the other hand, growing concern has emerged on the toxicity which would render gold-based nanoparticles harmful to cell cultures, animals, and humans. Emerging attention is focused on the interaction of gold nanoparticles with nervous system, especially regarding the ability to overcome the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which represents the major impediment to the delivery of therapeutics into the brain. We synthesized highly stable 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole-stabilized gold-nanoparticles (AuNPs)-mmi to investigate their entry, accumulation, and toxicity in vitro (SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells) and in vivo (brain of C57BL/6 mice) through optical and electron microscopy. After incubation in the cell culture medium at the lowest dose of 0.1 mg/mL the (AuNPs)-mmi nanoparticles were found compacted and recruited into endosome/lysosomes (1 h) before their fusion (2 h) and the onset of neuronal death by apoptosis (4 h) as proved by terminal-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay and caspase-3 immunoreactivity. The ability of (AuNPs)-mmi to cross the BBB was assessed by injection in the caudal vein of C57BL/6 mice. Among different brain regions, the nanoparticles were found in the CaudatoPutamen area, mainly in the striatal neurons 4 h after injection. These neurons showed the typical hallmarks of apoptosis. Our findings provide, for the first time, the dynamic of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole nanogold uptake. The molecular mechanism which underlies the nanogold-driven apoptotic event is analyzed and discussed in order to take into account when designing nanomaterials to interface with biological structures. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2015
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29. Olive Genetic Resources

Author

Belaj A., Gurbuz Veral M., Sikaoui H., Moukhli A., Khadari B., Mariotti R., and Baldoni L.

Subjects
germplasm collection, varieties, Olea europaea, Genetic resources
Abstract

As one of the most important and ancient fruit crops in the Mediterranean Basin, olive is characterized by a huge genetic patrimony, represented by cultivated and wild germplasm, ancient trees and related forms. The richness of this germplasm represents an unusual case among horticultural crops, due to species longevity, lack of new better performing genotypes, and the millennial tradition of cultivation. Focusing on a wide spectrum of genetic resources, their conservation, characterization, and management, this chapter tries to give an insight into the achievements and the necessities of this type of works in olive. Knowledge of existing diversity among the olive genetic resources is essential to maximize their conservation, safeguard, and exploitation.

Published
2016

34. Università degli studi di Macerata

Author

Bufalini, C., Ceccarelli, G., Ceravolo, M. G., Compagnoni, L., Longhi, S., Mariotti, R., Nicolini, Paola, Pencarelli, T., Polenta, Stefano, Raggetti, G. M., Sisti, F., and Torregiani, E.

Subjects
orientamento, job placement, tutorato, orientamento, job placement, tutorato
Published
2014

44. Machine Learning Based Classification of Microsatellite Variation: An Effective Approach for Phylogeographic Characterization of Olive Populations

Author

Kalaitzis, P, Torkzaban, B, Kayvanjoo, AH, Ardalan, A, Mousavi, S, Mariotti, R, Baldoni, L, Ebrahimie, E, Ebrahimi, M, Hosseini-Mazinani, M, Kalaitzis, P, Torkzaban, B, Kayvanjoo, AH, Ardalan, A, Mousavi, S, Mariotti, R, Baldoni, L, Ebrahimie, E, Ebrahimi, M, and Hosseini-Mazinani, M

Abstract

Finding efficient analytical techniques is overwhelmingly turning into a bottleneck for the effectiveness of large biological data. Machine learning offers a novel and powerful tool to advance classification and modeling solutions in molecular biology. However, these methods have been less frequently used with empirical population genetics data. In this study, we developed a new combined approach of data analysis using microsatellite marker data from our previous studies of olive populations using machine learning algorithms. Herein, 267 olive accessions of various origins including 21 reference cultivars, 132 local ecotypes, and 37 wild olive specimens from the Iranian plateau, together with 77 of the most represented Mediterranean varieties were investigated using a finely selected panel of 11 microsatellite markers. We organized data in two '4-targeted' and '16-targeted' experiments. A strategy of assaying different machine based analyses (i.e. data cleaning, feature selection, and machine learning classification) was devised to identify the most informative loci and the most diagnostic alleles to represent the population and the geography of each olive accession. These analyses revealed microsatellite markers with the highest differentiating capacity and proved efficiency for our method of clustering olive accessions to reflect upon their regions of origin. A distinguished highlight of this study was the discovery of the best combination of markers for better differentiating of populations via machine learning models, which can be exploited to distinguish among other biological populations.

Published
2015

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