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4 results on '"Mario Pasquale Parracino"'

1. Implementation of Whole Genome Sequencing of Tuberculosis Isolates in a Referral Center in Rome: Six Years’ Experience in Characterizing Drug-Resistant TB and Disease Transmission

Author

Angela Cannas, Ornella Butera, Antonio Mazzarelli, Francesco Messina, Antonella Vulcano, Mario Pasquale Parracino, Gina Gualano, Fabrizio Palmieri, Antonino Di Caro, Carla Nisii, Carla Fontana, and Enrico Girardi

Subjects
whole genome sequencing, tuberculosis, drug resistance, infection control, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Over the past years, Tuberculosis (TB) control strategies have been effective in reducing drug-resistant (DR) TB globally; however, a wider implementation of new diagnostic strategies, such as Whole genome sequencing (WGS), would be critical for further improvement. The aim of this study, based on WGS of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains isolated in a TB referral center over 6 years, was to evaluate the efficacy of this methodology in improving therapy guidance for clinicians and in improving the understanding of the epidemiology of TB transmission. WGS was performed in addition to pDST on 1001 strains consecutively isolated between January 2016 and December 2021; the results allowed us to improve the quality of data on resistance and to identify possible clusters of transmission. Prediction of rifampicin-resistant (RR) or multi-drug-resistant TB strains (MDR-TB, defined as resistance to at least rifampicin and isoniazid) was obtained for 50 strains (5%). Mutations predictive of an MDR isolate were further characterized, and Ser450Leu and Ser315Thr were found to be the most frequent mutations in rpoB and katG genes, respectively. Discordances between WGS and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) were found in few strains, and their impact on clinical decisions and outcome was addressed. The introduction of WGS in our Institute improved our diagnostic routine, allowing accurate patient management, and was a valid instrument for epidemiological investigations and infection control.

Published
2024
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2. Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis In A Referral Center In Rome: 2011– 2016

Author

Angela Cannas, Fabrizio Palmieri, Gina Gualano, E. Girardi, C. Venditti, Antonio Mazzarelli, A. Di Caro, Mario Pasquale Parracino, and Ornella Butera

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Pharmacology, education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Referral, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Public health, 030106 microbiology, Population, Disease, medicine.disease, Metropolitan area, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, Environmental health, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, education, business, Prospective cohort study
Abstract

Purpose Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major burden to public health in low incidence countries in Europe. The aim of this study was to attempt to have a better insight into the trends of MDR-TB in the metropolitan area of Rome, within the Italian and the foreign-born population, based on microbiological and demographic data. Patients and methods We performed a prospective study, collecting microbiological data based on phenotypic drug-resistant testing (DST) of TB strains consecutively isolated in a referral hospital in Rome, the capital city of a low TB incidence country, over a 6-year period, and correlated them to the geographical origin of patients. This study was carried out in a referral hospital for patients with drug-resistant TB from the whole region. Results Drug-resistance data from 926 patients with a microbiological diagnosis of TB from 2011 to 2016 show a 5.5% rate of MDR-TB, mostly occurring in patients born in a single East European country, that has a high incidence of MDR-TB. The strains isolated from these patients frequently carry additional resistances, leading to an increased risk of developing extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB. Conclusion In the great metropolitan area of Rome, MDR-TB more frequently occurs in patients who were born in a single country from Eastern Europe known to have high rates of MDR-TB and long-time residents in Italy. Recent immigrants from non-European countries do not appear to contribute to the rates of MDR-TB reported in this article. This knowledge of local TB trends could help improve the measures of surveillance and prevention of disease.

Published
2019

3. The diabetes-tuberculosis co-epidemic: the role of international migration

Author

Giuseppe Ippolito, E. Caraffa, Carmela Pinnetti, M. Sane Schepisi, Angela Corpolongo, Vincenzo Galati, Fabrizio Palmieri, Manuel Carballo, Mario Pasquale Parracino, Alessia Rianda, Enrico Girardi, and Gina Gualano

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Dental Caries, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Foreign born, Bidirectional screening, Foreign-born, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiology, HIV Seropositivity, DM-TB comorbidity, 80 and over, Diabetes Mellitus, Prevalence, Medicine, Humans, Mass Screening, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Epidemics, Mass screening, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Incidence, Italy, Middle Aged, Emigration and Immigration, Infectious Diseases, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, business, Type 2
Abstract

SETTING A tuberculosis (TB) referral centre in Rome, Italy. OBJECTIVE To identify demographic and epidemiological characteristics associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) among patients with TB and to compare the clinical presentation of TB and TB-DM in the light of the growing worldwide burden of DM. DESIGN We performed a retrospective study of TB cases diagnosed from 2007 to 2012. RESULTS Among 971 TB patients, 723 were foreign-born and 63 (6.5%) had DM. DM prevalence was 12.7% (8/63) among those born in countries with DM prevalence ⩾8%, 4.7% (31/660) among patients from countries with DM prevalence

Published
2016

4. Immune Status and Serial Quantiferon-TB Gold In-Tube Screening for LatentMycobacterium tuberculosisInfection Among HIV-Infected Persons in a Country With a Low Tuberculosis Incidence

Author

Alessandro Sampaolesi, Alessia Mammone, Delia Goletti, Monica Sañé Schepisi, Adriana Ammassari, Rita Bellagamba, Carmela Pinnetti, Mario Pasquale Parracino, Enrico Girardi, and Stefania Cicalini

Subjects
Male, Immune status, biology, QUANTIFERON-TB GOLD, business.industry, HIV Infections, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Interferon-gamma, Infectious Diseases, Hiv infected, Immunology, Humans, Tuberculosis, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, Female, Tuberculosis incidence, business
Published
2015

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