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In the Lille University Hospital (North of France), data from the Anesthesia Information Management System (Diane® are linked to the Hospital Information System and stored in a dedicated data warehouse since 2010. These electronic medical records need to be reused and analyzed for observational studies. The aim of this paper is to describe the framework developed to structure the operation of that anesthesia data warehouse for research purposes. The presented framework is structured around three meetings between clinicians, computer scientists, and statisticians. The data scientist acts as a coordinator, leads meetings, and checks each milestone. Reuse of anesthesia-related electronic medical record for research purposes is only allowed through this framework. The aim of the first meeting is to decide the primary and secondary objectives of the study. The aim of the second meeting is to validate the statistical protocol. The data are extracted and the statistical analyses are performed. Finally, the results are presented, explained and discussed during the third meeting. During a 6 months period, 27 projects were included in the framework leading to 5 scientific communications. As a result, case studies with extraction and/or analysis situations are presented. This collaboration led to an empowerment process between all three actors, which increased efficiency of the workflow. Implementation of this framework will keep encouraging collaborative publication in order to provide reproducible research evidence.

Consumption of more fruits and vegetables in the diet is a common health recommendation worldwide. The suspected health benefits of fruits and vegetables are underpinned by a number of physiopathologic hypotheses. Given that (1) intervention trials have failed to demonstrate the putative protective effects of antioxidants and (2) analysis of the clinical effects of fruits and vegetables per se is complex, most of the data in this field come from prospective, epidemiological studies. This chapter summarizes and reviews the results of meta-analyses of the associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and common health outcomes. Fruits and vegetables are found to be associated with a moderate but significant decrease in the risk of mortality and frequent diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, some cancers, and obesity. Potential causal relationships and sources of bias are also discussed.