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Percebe-se cada vez mais urgente a necessidade de se trabalhar nas escolas assuntos considerados polêmicos como: homossexualidade, homofobia, machismo e racismo. É fundamental a discussão desses temas para assim, despertar nos educandos uma consciência crítica diante dessas reflexões. Conforme esses aspectos, o objetivo geral desse estudo foi analisar como a escola pesquisada lida com as temáticas: homossexualidade, homofobia, machismo e racismo no âmbito escolar. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com método bibliográfico baseado em Brasil (1997), Drummontt (1980), Nogueira (1985), Parolin (2007) e Pinar (2016), entre outros. Também foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo em uma escola da rede municipal de Teresina-PI. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram dois professores e uma coordenadora pedagógica. A coleta dos dados foi feita através de uma entrevista semiestruturada em que foi permitida a gravação da conversa e, posteriormente, a observação de suas práticas em sala de aula. O estudo nos permitiu um conhecimento mais amplo acerca dos temas: homossexualidade, homofobia, machismo e racismo tão presentes em nossa sociedade e mostrou que a escola pesquisada de fato trabalha esses assuntos tendo como base central o respeito perante as diferenças. Os professores estão preparados para orientar sobre dilemas polêmicos rompendo de forma segura a lacuna do silêncio que contribuía para o desenvolvimento da discriminação, apresentando informações esclarecedoras sobre o diferente, não só para o mundo escolar em que estão inseridos, mas a toda sociedade que o cercam. A educação tem que ser a ferramenta principal para combater o preconceito e romper de vez com a homofobia, o racismo e o machismo que permeiam a sociedade brasileira e o mundo. Contudo, é necessário destacar a importância da cumplicidade da família x escola x aluno nesse processo de aprendizagem.

Tissue repair after lesion usually leads to scar healing and thus loss of function in adult mammals. In contrast, other adult vertebrates such as amphibians have the ability to regenerate and restore tissue homeostasis after lesion. Understanding the control of the repair outcome is thus a concerning challenge for regenerative medicine. We recently developed a model of induced tissue regeneration in adult mice allowing the comparison of the early steps of regenerative and scar healing processes. By using studies of gain and loss of function, specific cell depletion approaches, and hematopoietic chimeras we demonstrate here that tissue regeneration in adult mammals depends on an early and transient peak of granulocyte producing reactive oxygen species and an efficient efferocytosis specifically by tissue-resident macrophages. These findings highlight key and early cellular pathways able to drive tissue repair towards regeneration in adult mammals.

Introduction: Several studies have suggested that diet, especially the one enriched in microbiota-fermented fibers or fat, regulates behavior. The underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. We previously reported that certain macronutrients (fermentable fiber and protein) regulate energy homeostasis via the activation of intestinal gluconeogenesis (IGN), which generates a neural signal to the brain. We hypothesized that these nutriments might control behavior using the same gut-brain circuit. Methods: Wild-type and IGN-deficient mice were fed chow or diets enriched in protein or fiber. Changes in their behavior were assessed using suited tests. Hippocampal neurogenesis, extracellular levels of serotonin, and protein expression levels were assessed by immunofluorescence, in vivo dialysis, and Western blotting, respectively. IGN was rescued by infusing glucose into the portal vein of IGN-deficient mice. Results: We show here that both fiber- and protein-enriched diets exert beneficial actions on anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. These benefits do not occur in mice lacking IGN. Consistently, IGN-deficient mice display hallmarks of depressive-like disorders, including decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, basal hyperactivity, and deregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which are associated with increased expression of the precursor of corticotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus and decreased expression of the glucocorticoid receptor in the hippocampus. These neurobiological alterations are corrected by portal glucose infusion mimicking IGN. Conclusion: IGN translates nutritional information, allowing the brain to finely coordinate energy metabolism and behavior.

Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator used to activate the CREERT2 recombinase, allowing tissue-specific and temporal control of the somatic mutagenesis to generate transgenic mice. Studies integrating development and metabolism require a genetic modification induced by a neonatal tamoxifen administration. Here, we investigate the effects of a neonatal tamoxifen administration on energy homeostasis in adult male and female C57BL/6J mice. C57BL/6J male and female mouse pups received a single injection of tamoxifen 1 day after birth (NTT) and were fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet at 6 weeks of age. We measured weight, body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance, basal metabolism, and tibia length and weight in adult mice. The neonatal tamoxifen administration exerted long-term, sex-dependent effects on energy homeostasis. NTT female mice became overweight and developed impaired glucose control in comparison to vehicle-treated littermates. NTT females exhibited 60% increased fat mass, increased food intake, decreased physical activity and energy expenditure, impaired glucose and insulin tolerance, and fasting hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. In contrast, NTT male mice exhibited a modest amelioration of glucose and insulin tolerance and long-term decreased lean mass linked to decreased bone weight. These results suggest that the neonatal tamoxifen administration exerted a marked and sex-dependent influence on adult energy homeostasis and bone weight and must therefore be used with caution for the development of transgenic mouse models regarding studies on energy homeostasis and bone biology.

Glycogen Storage Disease 1a (GSD1a) is a rare, inherited metabolic disorder caused by deficiency of glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase-α). G6Pase-α is critical for maintaining interprandial euglycemia. GSD1a patients exhibit life-threatening hypoglycemia and long-term liver complications including hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) and carcinomas (HCCs). There is no treatment for GSD1a and the current standard-of-care for managing hypoglycemia (Glycosade®/modified cornstarch) fails to prevent HCA/HCC risk. Therapeutic modalities such as enzyme replacement therapy and gene therapy are not ideal options for patients due to challenges in drug-delivery, efficacy, and safety. To develop a new treatment for GSD1a capable of addressing both the life-threatening hypoglycemia and HCA/HCC risk, we encapsulated engineered mRNAs encoding human G6Pase-α in lipid nanoparticles. We demonstrate the efficacy and safety of our approach in a preclinical murine model that phenotypically resembles the human condition, thus presenting a potential therapy that could have a significant therapeutic impact on the treatment of GSD1a., Glycogen Storage Disease 1a (Gsd1a) is an inherited disorder caused by glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase-α) deficiency and characterized by hypoglycaemia and high risk of liver cancer. Here the authors develop a mRNA-based G6Pase-α delivery therapy that is efficacious and safe in a mouse model of GSD1a.

Tissue repair after injury in adult mammals, usually results in scarring and loss of function in contrast to lower vertebrates such as the newt and zebrafish that regenerate. Understanding the regulatory processes that guide the outcome of tissue repair is therefore a concerning challenge for regenerative medicine. In multiple regenerative animal species, the nerve dependence of regeneration is well established, but the nature of the innervation required for tissue regeneration remains largely undefined. Using our model of induced adipose tissue regeneration in adult mice, we demonstrate here that nociceptive nerves promote regeneration and their removal impairs tissue regeneration. We also show that blocking the receptor for the nociceptive neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) inhibits regeneration, whereas CGRP administration induces regeneration. These findings reveal that peptidergic nociceptive neurons are required for adult mice tissue regeneration.

O presente trabalho versa sobre a aplicabilidade do regime falimentar às cooperativas de crédito. O problema é destacado a partir da análise do artigo 1º da Lei n. 6.024 de 1974 e os artigos 2º, II e 197 da Lei 197 da Lei n. 11.101 de 2005. Ao final conclui-se que a tese apresentada é a adequada por demonstrar que há aplicabilidade do regime falimentar às cooperativas de crédito após a liquidação pelo Banco Central diante do permissivo legal da Lei n. 6024 de 1974. A metodologia utilizada foi a descritiva e qualitativa com estudo da doutrina, jurisprudência e legislação.

Este trabalho tem por objeto de estudo o impacto do novo código de processo civil nas sentenças arbitrais com a instituição dos precedentes, considerando a vinculação ou não do árbitro ao proferir sua decisão. A metodologia adotada foi o estudo da legislação pátria e da doutrina sobre o tema. Por fim, conclui-se que o árbitro é vinculado à convenção de arbitragem, independentemente do modelo de procedimento arbitral a ser convencionado, podendo ser utilizado os institutos jurídicos do distinguishing ou do overruling para afastar o precedente judicial. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of the new civil procedure code on arbitration awards with the institution of precedents, considering whether or not the arbitrator is bound when making its decision. The methodology adopted was the study of the country's legislation and the doctrine on the subject. Finally, it is concluded that the arbitrator is bound to the arbitration agreement, regardless of the model of arbitration procedure to be agreed, and may be used to distinguishing or overruling legal institutions to remove the judicial precedent.

O objetivo do artigo é o estudo das criptomoedas, em especial a Bitcoin, como mecanismo de planejamento tributário. O uso da criptografia garante a segurança e anonimato das transações com as criptomoedas. Diante do crescente uso das criptomoedas, começaram a ocorrer questionamentos sobre negócios jurídicos realizados com a Bitcoin, em especial na seara da tributação. Sendo assim, questiona-se se as criptomoedas podem ser utilizadas como planejamento tributário. A metodologia adotada foi a qualitativa, com leitura de artigos científicos, análise da regulamentação normativa no âmbito do direito brasileiro. Ao final conclui-se que as criptomoedas podem ser utilizadas como planejamento tributário.