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The dynamic glass transition temperatures, the mean temperature fluctuations, and the size of the cooperatively rearranging regions of polyvinylpyrrolidone with different molecular masses were determined using DSC, FSC, and BDS.

BACKGROUND The most advanced disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in development for Huntington's disease (HD) require intrathecal (IT) administration, which may create or exacerbate bottlenecks in resource capacity. OBJECTIVE To understand the readiness of healthcare systems for intrathecally administered HD DMTs in terms of resource capacity dynamics and implications for patients' access to treatment. METHODS Forty HD centres across 12 countries were included. Qualitative and quantitative data on current capacity in HD centres and anticipated capacity needs following availability of a DMT were gathered via interviews with healthcare professionals (HCPs). Data modelling was used to estimate the current capacity gap in HD centres. RESULTS From interviews with 218 HCPs, 25% of HD centres are estimated to have the three components required for IT administration (proceduralists, nurses and facilities). On average, 114 patients per centre per year are anticipated to receive intrathecally administered DMTs in the future. At current capacity, six of the sampled centres are estimated to be able to deliver DMTs to all the anticipated patients based on current resources. The estimated waiting time for IT administration at current capacity will average 60 months (5 years) by the second year after DMT availability. CONCLUSION Additional resources are needed in HD centres for future DMTs to be accessible to all anticipated patients. Timely collaboration by the HD community will be needed to address capacity gaps. Healthcare policymakers and payers will need to address costs and navigate challenges arising from country- or region-specific healthcare delivery schemes.

At the present stage one of the most important factors in the economic growth of Russian regions is the production processes modernization based on the best available technologies (hereinafter—BAT), ensuring the reduction of the negative impact on the environment in cost-effective ways. The most important conditions for the successful implementation of BAT at regional enterprises is the creation of general institutional conditions at the all-Russian level and the supply of enterprises with domestic technologies meeting the criteria of the best available technology. Over the past several years, large-scale work has been carried out in Russia to amend legislation, prepare BAT reference documents, and form the institutional conditions for their implementation. However, sustainable outcomes in specific regions will require the further development of regional innovation systems, consistent with the needs of local enterprises in BAT. The article proposes a general regional mechanism for managing the sustainable development of an innovation system based on BAT. For its successful implementation, a set of practical recommendations for the Rostov region has been formed. Within the framework of the innovation regional infrastructure it was proposed to create a new institute for the implementation of BAT—the Regional BAT competence center, priority areas for the development of potential and promising BAT in the region were identified, a general pattern of interaction of the Regional BAT competence center with other participants in the process was developed.

Whilst no disease-modifying-therapies (DMTs) are currently available for Huntington’s disease (HD), the investigational drugs most advanced in clinical development are administered intrathecally, requiring additional resources in HD clinics. We investigated the impact of upcoming DMTs for HD on healthcare systems and the implications of possible resource capacity gaps on access to care.The capacity to perform intrathecal drug administrations was assessed in 35 HD specialist centres from nine countries. Interviews with >170 healthcare professionals were performed and resources available in each HD centre were compared to the predicted amount of future resources that the estimated eligible patient population would need.Only 20% of participating HD teams currently have the required resources to perform intrathecal injec- tions: a skilled ‘proceduralist’, one or more nurses to assist in the procedure, and the appropriate space. When considering all resources available in the hospital, only 17% of HD-specialist clinics are estimated to have enough capacity to serve the eligible population. When simulating the additional referral-in of patients from non-HD-specialised clinics, only 6% of HD clinics have enough capacity.To ensure adequate care, capacity-constrained healthcare systems will need to plan adequately and ensure providers have sufficient training and resources to deliver new intrathecally administered DMTs.kopano.mukelabai@roche.com

The article is devoted to the state and development prospects of the marine transport infrastructure of Russia. The authoring team analysis the current situation in the transport industry in general and in the marine transport complex in particular. The search of casual relationship between changes of opportunities of port infrastructure and results available to the transport industry was carried out. Most attention has been paid to the dynamics of the general trade and commercial goods turnover of the Russian Federation, to the changes in export and import flow and also to the terms of benefit relative to the previous periods of the transport complex activity. The analysis of dynamics of a change in the infrastructure capacities and existence of favorable logistic routes of ports was carried out. There was revealed domination in cargo handlings at the ports of the Far East Basin on such nomenclature freights as is revealed: the wood, coal, liquefied gas and ports of the Azovo-Chernomorsky pool that process most part of metals and grains. The article proposes a model allowing to adapt modern infrastructure to the technical and economic requirements of the enterprises of the marine transport of Russia with prospects for the further development in order to increase in opportunities of the transport sector of economy and improving competitiveness of the enterprises of the international marine transport.

This chapter elaborates on the perspectives of financial development of countries of Central Asia and China through cooperation with Russia. The authors determine financial resources for the development of the countries of Central Asia and China and figure out possible scenarios for attracting additional financial resources and conclude that financial resources have a decisive role in socioeconomic development. It is substantiated that the increase and expansion of cooperation with Russia are the preferable scenario for attracting additional financial resources. The authors recommend expanding cooperation with Russia within the implementation of the selected optimal scenario are given.

The origin of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) syphilis antibodies (intrathecal or blood-derived) is in doubt. Little is known about CSF test behavior under the condition of physiological or disturbed functioning of blood-CSF barrier (BCB) and intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig) production.We collected 126 serum/CSF pairs from patients with serological evidence of syphilis. We explored the relationships between the established facts of intrathecal Ig synthesis and/or BCB dysfunction and the results of CSF diagnostic tests: the Treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA) test, the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-Abs) test, the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, and white blood cell counts. We checked the criteria used either to support or refute the diagnosis of neurosyphilis.Reactive CSF-VDRL tests, elevated CSF-white blood cell counts, and elevated CSF-TPHA titers/indices were associated with the signs of intrathecal Ig synthesis, whereas nonreactive CSF-fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption, nonreactive CSF-TPHA tests, and CSF-TPHA titers from 1:4 to 1:160 were associated with cases where the intrathecal synthesis was not detected. There were some peculiarities of the tests toward BCB dysfunction.Most of reactive CSF-VDRL test samples and CSF samples with pleocytosis were also meeting at least 1 of the CSF-TPHA titer/indices-based criteria. T. pallidum hemagglutination indices were in no better conformity with the facts of intrathecal immune response than CSF-TPHA titers.Our findings have shown that all the examined criteria for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis in CSF are different assessment tools of intrathecal humoral immune activity and support the hypothesis that high CSF treponemal-specific antibody titers are a consequence of inflammatory pathology of the central nervous system.