Search

The mathematics used in physical chemistry has changed greatly in the past forty years and it will certainly continue to change more quickly. Theoretical chemists and physicists must have an acquaintance with abstract mathematics if they are to keep up with their field, as the mathematical language in which it is expressed changes. Thinking about it, in this article, we want to show some of the most important concepts of Mathematical Analysis involved in obtaining analytical functions to represent the potential energy interaction for diatomic systems. A basic guide for the construction of a potential based on Dunham's coefficients and an example of a new potential obtained from this methodology is also presented.

BackgroundHypertension is characterized by upregulation of the renin–angiotensin system, increased blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability, microglia activation within autonomic nuclei, and an intense sympathoexcitation. There is no information on the interplay of these events during the development of neurogenic hypertension. We sought to identify the interaction and time-course changes of Ang II availability, barrier dysfunction, microglia activation, and autonomic imbalance within autonomic areas during the development of neurogenic hypertension.MethodsSequential changes of hemodynamic/autonomic parameters, BBB permeability, microglia structure/density (IBA-1), and angiotensin II (Ang II) immunofluorescence were evaluated within the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and rostral ventrolateral medulla of Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) aged 4 weeks, 5 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. The somatosensory cortex and hypoglossal nucleus were also analyzed as non-autonomic control areas.ResultsIncreased brain Ang II availability (4th–5th week) was the first observed change, followed by the incipient BBB leakage and increased microglia density (6th week). From the 5th–6th weeks on, BBB leakage, Ang II, and IBA-1 densities increased continuously, allowing a parallel increase in both Ang II-microglia colocalization and the transition of microglial cells from highly ramified in the basal surveillant condition (4th–5th week) to shorter process arbors, fewer endpoints, and enlarged soma in the disease-associate condition (6th week to the 12th week). Simultaneously with increased Ang II-microglia colocalization and microglia morphologic phenotypic changes, sympathetic activity and pressure variability increased, autonomic control deteriorated, and blood pressure increased. These responses were not specific for autonomic nuclei but also occurred at a lower magnitude in the somatosensory cortex and hypoglossal nucleus, indicating the predominance of hypertension-induced effects on autonomic areas. No changes were observed in age-matched controls where Ang II density did not change.ConclusionBrain Ang II density is the initial stimulus to drive coordinated changes in BBB permeability and microglial reactivity. Increased BBB dysfunction allows access of plasma Ang II and increases its local availability and the colocalization and activation of microglial cells. It is a potent stimulus to augments vasomotor sympathetic activity, autonomic imbalance, and pressure elevation during the establishment of hypertension.

Objective: To investigate the trends of research on niobium (Nb) in dentistry to determine its use in dental materials. Material and Methods: Electronic searches were carried out in six databases. Studies that evaluated niobium alloys in dentistry in vitro, in situ, and in vivo (humans and animals) were included. Data on publication year, authors, country, journal, study design, application area, niobium alloy, study approach, assay type and results (positive, negative and null compared to controls) were grouped and analyzed in VantagePoint™ and Excel. Descriptive analyses of frequency, cross-tables and co-occurrence matrices were performed. Results: After screening, 315 studies published between 1977 and 2021 were included, with an increase in publications between 2011 and 2021 (n=209; 66.3%). “Doi, H” was the top author (n=9; 2.8%), and Brazil was the most productive country (n=70; 22.2%). “Dental Materials” was the major contributing journal (n=24; 7.6%), and most studies were carried out in vitro (n=266; 84.4%), under implant surfaces (n=162; 51.4%), followed by dental prostheses (n=77; 24.4%) and restorative materials (n=27; 8.6%). The most common niobium was a ternary alloy (n=147; 46.7%), which was mainly tested in vitro via structural characterization or material improvement (n=131; 41.6%). Mechanical assays (n=114; 36.2%) were the most prevalent. Positive effects of niobium were found in 264 articles (83.8%), and negative effects were found in 13 articles (4.1%). Conclusion: The number of studies on niobium has increased over time, resulting in improvements in the mechanical properties of materials used in dental practice.

Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) harbors several cell types, such as tumor cells, immune cells, and non-immune cells. These cells communicate through several mechanisms, such as cell-cell contact, cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Tumor-derived vesicles are known to have the ability to modulate the immune response. Monocytes are a subset of circulating innate immune cells and play a crucial role in immune surveillance, being recruited to tissues where they differentiate into macrophages. In the context of tumors, it has been observed that tumor cells can attract monocytes to the TME and induce their differentiation into tumor-associated macrophages with a pro-tumor phenotype. Tumor–derived EVs have emerged as essential structures mediating this process. Through the transfer of specific molecules and signaling factors, tumor-derived EVs can shape the phenotype and function of monocytes, inducing the expression of cytokines and molecules by these cells, thus modulating the TME towards an immunosuppressive environment.

Objective: to describe the perception of health and education coordinators regarding the operationalization, strengths, and weaknesses of a Strategic Program for the Fortification of Infant Foods with Micronutrient Powders. Methods: qualitative search in nine municipalities that joined the program. Data collection was carried out using a semistructured questionnaire based on the operational manual of the program. Statements were analyzed considering content analysis. Results: 11 coordinators participated. Data found suggests differences regarding inadequate storage of sachets and the interval between cycles. There were difficulties regarding communication, team involvement, and professional turnover. Conclusion: actions associated with children diets are in accordance with primary health care attributes, having a positive impact on the identification of vulnerable groups, so we can seek health promotion and disease prevention. Contributions to practice: the results of this study can contribute to improve intersectoral work and raise questions about the difficulties associated with it, leading to an increased access to basic units and encouraging actions to promote adequate and healthy diets, in addition to organizing nutritional care.

A Lei Geral do Esporte (LGE) foi sancionada em junho de 2023 e apesar do veto presidencial a 40% do conteúdo, teve como inovação a inclusão a menção à participação das mulheres no esporte, rompendo com a omissão histórica sobre a temática. Considerando o cenário de desigualdade de gênero nas oportunidades de prática esportiva, nosso objetivo foi analisar a forma pela qual a LGE aborda a questão de gênero, considerando o esporte como um direito fundamental para o desenvolvimento humano de todas as pessoas. Analisamos a legislação com base nas premissas da análise cultural, que destaca a linguagem como artefato cultural e tecnologia de poder. Observamos como os discursos presentes na legislação enunciam, produzem ou limitam a inclusão das mulheres no esporte.

Objective: To investigate associations/correlations between bone alterations and vitamin D status in children through data mining analyses based on observational studies. Material and Methods: Searches in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases were performed to recover studies, published until October 2022, with healthy children, which investigated the vitamin D status, related or not to undesirable bone alterations linked to bone quality (bone mineral density and bone mineral content), fracture or anthropometry. Country, study design, area of expertise (medicine, nutrition, dentistry, others), bone outcome, 25-hydroxyvitamin D data (serum or intake levels), the exams for bone diagnosis, and the results were analyzed in the VantagePointTM software. Results: Of 20,583 studies, 27 were included. The USA (n=9; 33.3%) had the highest number of publications. Cross-sectional (n=11; 40.7%), case-control (n=9; 33.3%), and cohort studies (n=7; 25.9%) contemplated the medicine and nutritional areas without any study in dentistry. Studies about bone quality (n=21; 77.8%), analyzed through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; n=14; 51.8%), with association (n=16; 59.2%) between the low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and undesirable bone alterations (n=14; 51.8%) were the most prevalent. Conclusion: Most studies were conducted in the medical area and showed an association between low bone quality and low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, verified through DXA.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the profile of tinnitus research in Brazil and the main procedures adopted by professionals in the field in the national territory. Methods: an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, in which an active search was made on digital platforms to identify researchers in Brazil who have tinnitus as a study focus. After identifying the tinnitus study groups, an online Form was sent to the researchers comprising 21 questions, so as to know the works in development. The collected responses were extracted and tabulated intoMicrosoft Excel Professional Plus2019 through the absolute and relative frequency measurements of the final sample. Results: 117 researchers were identified, of these, 21 participated in the study, being (90.5%) females, specifically from public universities (81%) in the Southeast region of Brazil (47.7%). These professionals develop clinical research (76.1%), focusing on therapies and/or treatments (38.1%), and use sound therapy (52.38%) as the main technological resource of their studies. Conclusion: the research profile is clinical, with a main focus on therapies and/or treatments for tinnitus. As for the procedures, there is a predominant application of the Visual Analogue Scale- VAS and the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory- THI as evaluation protocols and sound therapy as the main technological resource of their studies.

Objective: To summarize data of clinical trials that used silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to prevent and treat caries lesions and dentinal hypersensitivity. Material and Methods: Six electronic databases were searched in May 2022. The concentration of SDF, type of usage (alone/combined), dentition, anterior/posterior teeth, tooth region, dental tissue, number of the treated surfaces, the intervention environment, participants' age, frequency and duration of SDF application, purpose, and outcome were the extracted variables. The type of study, year of publication, authors, journals, and country were also investigated. Results: From 8860 articles, 53 were selected. Most were randomized (n=38), that applied 38% SDF (n=43), alone (n=44), on multiple surfaces (n=44), only in dentin (n=36), of the crown (n=46) of anterior and posterior (n=36) primary teeth (n=39). The studies were preferably carried out outside the clinic (n=31), only in children (n=33), with reapplication of SDF (n=30), but did not inform the duration of application (n=19). SDF was most used to treat (n=46) only caries lesions (n=50). They were published between 2001 and 2022, mainly in the Journal of Dentistry (n=10). China (n=19) and Lo E.C.M (n=19) were the countries and authors that published the most, respectively. Conclusion: The silver diamine fluoride 38% alone was most used to treat caries lesions in the dentin of the crown of all primary teeth, preferably applied on multiple surfaces, requiring reapplication, and outside the clinic.

Background: Obesity poses a significant global health challenge, given its association with the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue (AT) and various systemic disruptions. Within the adipose microenvironment, expansion and enrichment with immune cells trigger the release of inflammatory mediators and growth factors, which can disrupt tissues, including bones. While obesity’s contribution to bone loss is well established, the direct impact of obese AT on osteoblast maturation remains uncertain. This study aimed to explore the influence of the secretomes from obese and lean AT on osteoblast differentiation and activity. Methods: SAOS-2 cells were exposed to the secretomes obtained by culturing human subcutaneous AT from individuals with obesity (OATS) or lean patients, and their effects on osteoblasts were evaluated. Results: In the presence of the OATS, mature osteoblasts underwent dedifferentiation, showing an increased proliferation accompanied by a morphological shift towards a mesenchymal phenotype, with detrimental effects on osteogenic markers and the calcification capacity. Concurrently, the OATS promoted the expression of mesenchymal and adipogenic markers, inducing the formation of cytoplasmic lipid droplets in SAOS-2 cells exposed to an adipogenic differentiation medium. Additionally, TGF-β1 emerged as a key mediator of these effects, as the OATS was enriched with this growth factor. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that obese subcutaneous AT promotes the dedifferentiation of osteoblasts and increases the adipogenic profile in these cells.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the in-vitro effect of single applications of CPP-ACP pastes and different fluoridated solutions on the prevention of dental caries around orthodontic brackets. Material and Methods: Tooth/bracket sets (n=65) were immersed in artificial saliva (1h at 37ºC) and randomly subjected to single applications (100µL; 1min) of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP emulsion), CPP-ACP with fluoride (CPP-ACPF emulsion), solutions of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) or sodium fluoride (NaF), or no treatment (CG). Multispecies biofilm (5 x 105 CFU/mL) was formed in the presence of 2% sucrose. After 24 h, the pH and the concentration of total soluble fluoride (TSF) were analyzed by culture medium. The presence of active white spot lesions (WSL) evaluated by macroscopic examination and the percent surface mineral loss (%SML) were analyzed. Also, the topography of enamel was detected by analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data was assessed by chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests (p < 0.05). Results: Fluoride-containing compounds led to a smaller pH reduction than did CPP-ACP and CG (p NaF > CPP-ACPF > CPP-ACP > CG. Regarding the presence of WSL and %SML, the NaF group obtained lower values (p0.05). SEM demonstrated that fluoride-free groups had a larger surface dissolution. Conclusion: Fluoridated groups including solutions and CPP-ACPF were more effective than CPP-ACP in reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets after a single application.

Nas últimas décadas, os museus têm sido objetos caros às ciências humanas, já que há a compreensão de que são espaços de elaboração de representações sobre o passado e, por isso, passíveis de serem também historicizados. Essas representações são elaboradas enquanto a própria instituição se forma, em diálogo com seus contextos temporais, sociais, culturais e políticos, bem como com seus diferentes interlocutores e agentes. Assim, conhecer a trajetória de um museu e entendê-la enquanto processo é fundamental para uma análise crítica de sua atuação, principalmente no desenvolvimento do acervo e das exposições. Este artigo filia-se a essa linhagem de pesquisa ao se dedicar à história do Museu Republicano “Convenção de Itu”. Nosso objetivo é entrecruzar a trajetória institucional e a análise do processo de formação das coleções e das exposições deste Museu entre os anos de 1921 e 1946 – ou seja, antecedendo brevemente sua abertura, em 18 de abril de 1923, e finalizando com a gestão de seu primeiro diretor, Afonso Taunay –, de modo a compreender as especificidades deste projeto, hoje centenário, e suas potenciais repercussões na contemporaneidade. Nesse sentido, tomar o Museu Republicano “Convenção de Itu” como projeto de pesquisa foi exercício menos comprometido com o seu caráter político, expresso em seu contexto de criação e no evento que o denomina e que pretende celebrar, mas sobretudo com seu papel na elaboração de uma noção de história, em franco compromisso com os múltiplos momentos de sua época e potencialmente com a atual.

ABSTRACT Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L. is reported for the first time in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A population of the species was found in the town square of the Chapada dos Guimarães municipality, growing in multiple phorophytes. Here, we present a description, taxonomic and ecological comments, geographic distribution data, and photos of the species.

Currently, a clear interest has been given to berries due to their richness in active metabolites, including anthocyanins and non-coloured phenolics. Therefore, the main aim of the present work is to investigate the phenolic profile, antioxidant abilities, and antiproliferative effects on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) and human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) cells of phenolic-rich extracts from three red fruits highly appreciated by consumers: two species of blackberries (Rubus fruticosus and Rubus ulmifolius) and one species of mulberry (Morus nigra). A total of 19 different phenolics were identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn and HPLC-DAD, respectively. Focusing on the biological potential of the phenolic-rich extracts, all of them revealed notable scavenging abilities. Concerning the antiproliferative properties, R. fruticosus presented a cytotoxic selectivity for Caco-2 cells compared to NHDF cells. To deeper explore the biological potential, combinations with positive controls (ascorbic acid and 5-fluorouracil) were also conducted. Finally, the obtained data are another piece of evidence that the combination of phenolic-rich extracts from natural plants with positive controls may reduce clinical therapy costs and the possible toxicity of chemical drugs.

Objetivo: Reavaliar os lapidários do município de Joaquim Felício com diagnóstico de silicose em 2004 e promover novas ações de assistência e vigilância nas oficinas de lapidação do município. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, que descreve as ações da vigilância de ambientes e processos de trabalho no município de Joaquim Felício, realizadas por acadêmicos da Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG e pelas equipes de Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Em 2022, reiniciou-se o acompanhamento ambulatorial dos pacientes com diagnóstico prévio de silicose. Em 11/07/2022, foi realizada uma reunião com os lapidários em atividade, numa parceria com a Secretaria Municipal de Cultura e representantes do Centro de Referência Regional em Saúde do Trabalhador (CEREST) de Montes Claros, para apresentação e discussão do projeto. Além disso, foi proposta a marcação de consultas médicas e visitas de inspeção nas oficinas de lapidação. Resultados: Foram identificados 14 pacientes dentre os 70 avaliados previamente em 2004. Destes, um paciente havia falecido, 2 haviam se mudado do município e 2 não puderam comparecer à Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS). Nove pacientes foram reavaliados e encaminhados para retorno no Hospital das Clínicas-UFMG (HC-UFMG). Foram identificadas 21 oficinas de lapidação em atividade no município, com inspeção em 17 destas. Foram realizadas orientações quanto à organização e à higiene do ambiente de trabalho e quanto à prevenção de Silicose, Perda Auditiva Induzida por Ruído (PAIR) e Distúrbios Osteomusculares Relacionados ao Trabalho (DORT). Foram agendados atendimentos para 14 trabalhadores que, de acordo com a história clínica e ocupacional, foram encaminhados ao HC-UFMG, CEREST de Montes Claros ou para a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Além da consulta médica, foram solicitadas radiografias de tórax padrão Organização Internacional do Trabalho e audiometrias. Conclusão: Este estudo evidenciou a importância e viabilidade da execução de ações de promoção, assistência e vigilância em saúde do trabalhador na APS, em especial no contexto de trabalhos informais, domiciliados e precários, como demonstrado na atividade de lapidação, tão frequente em Joaquim Felício.

Abstract Background Tinnitus is the result of aberrant neuronal activity. As a novel treatment form, neuromodulation is used to modify neuronal activity of brain areas involved in tinnitus generation. Among the different forms of electric stimulation, transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) has been shown to be a promising treatment option for tinnitus. In addition, recent studies indicate that the reduction in tinnitus can be more pronounced when different modalities of stimulation techniques are combined (“bimodal stimulation”). TRNS can be used in combination with acoustic stimulation (AS), a further treatment option recognized in the literature. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate whether simultaneous tRNS and AS improve levels of tinnitus loudness and distress. Methods The intervention consists of bilateral high-definition tRNS (HD-tRNS) over the auditory cortex combined with the application of AS which is studied in a crossover design. The visits will be performed in 26 sessions. There will be 20 treatment sessions, divided into two blocks: active and sham HD-tRNS. Within the blocks, the interventions are divided into group A: HD-tRNS and AS, and group B: HD-tRNS alone. Furthermore, in addition to the assessments directly following the intervention sessions, there will be six extra sessions performed subsequently at the end of each block, after a period of some days (follow-ups 1 and 2) and a month after the last intervention (C). Primary outcome measures are analog scales for evaluation of subjective tinnitus loudness and distress, and the audiological measurement of minimum masking level (MML). Secondary outcome measures are brain activity as measured by electroencephalography and standardized questionnaires for evaluating tinnitus distress and severity. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which uses HD-tRNS combined with AS for tinnitus treatment. The crossover design permits the comparison between HD-tRNS active vs. sham and with vs. without AS. Thus, it will be possible to evaluate the efficacy of the combined approach to HD-tRNS alone. In addition, the use of different objective and subjective evaluations for tinnitus enable more reliable and valid results. Trial registration Swiss Ethics Committee (BASEC-Nr. 2020-02027); Swiss Federal Complementary Database (kofam.ch: SNCTP000004051 ); and ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04551404 ).

RESUMO Este é um estudo observacional, exploratório, que utilizou metodologia qualitativa, com apoio de dados quantitativos, para analisar a resposta do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) à Covid-19 em três municípios brasileiros. Utilizaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas para escuta e diálogo com gestores das cidades analisadas, que foram orientadas por roteiro para explorar a percepção dos gestores durante o processo de resposta à pandemia, compreender as motivações que orientaram suas escolhas estraté- gicas e visualizar as fragilidades e potencialidades do sistema municipal em uma emergência de saúde pública. Realizou-se análise qualitativa considerando pontos-chave da resposta do SUS à pandemia, entre eles, coordenação e governança, vigilância e prevenção, e rede de serviços de saúde. Nos resultados, apresentam-se e discutem-se as principais características dos municípios, o curso da pandemia em 2020, ações de resposta adotadas; e exibe-se uma análise do padrão de resposta dos gestores do SUS municipal na pandemia.

A pandemia da Covid-19 fomentou o debate sobre a situação de Insegurança Alimentar de grupos mais vulneráveis. Os riscos de Insegurança Alimentar foram aprofundados com as medidas adotadas pelo governo brasileiro buscando mitigar a propagação da pandemia. Dentre estas medidas, encontra-se a interrupção das aulas presenciais em universidades e o fechamento dos restaurantes universitários, os quais garantiam acesso à uma alimentação adequada. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a situação de Insegurança Alimentar de estudantes universitários durante o período da pandemia da Covid-19. Trata-se de um estudo realizado através da aplicação da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar em universitários da rede pública dos estados da Bahia e Ceará, Brasil. Dos 428 universitários investigados, 153 (35,7%) apresentaram grau leve, 101 (23,6%) grau moderado e 107 (25%) grau grave de Insegurança Alimentar. Os universitários autodeclarados de cor preta apresentaram forte associação com a Insegurança Alimentar Moderada ou Grave (p

A Assistência Farmacêutica é entendida como um conjunto de ações voltadas à promoção, proteção e recuperação da saúde, tanto individual como coletiva, tendo o medicamento como insumo essencial e visando o acesso e o seu uso racional. Considerando a necessidade de fortalecimento das Redes de Atenção à Saúde (RAS) e o desenvolvimento do Projeto de Qualificação da Atenção Primária à Saúde (QualificaAPSUS) no Ceará, tornou-se estratégico e oportuno promover o aprimoramento, a implementação e a integração das atividades da Assistência Farmacêutica nesse novo contexto. Foi nessa perspectiva que o Projeto QualificaAPSUS, em parceria com a Coordenadoria de Assistência Farmacêutica (COASF) da SESA/CE, promoveu a “I Capacitação Complementar em Assistência Farmacêutica na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS)”, que teve como objetivo contribuir para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de organização e integração das ações da Assistência Farmacêutica na APS. Nessa primeira capacitação, foi abordado o contexto da Assistência Farmacêutica sob o ponto de vista do planejamento e do abastecimento de medicamentos, focando nas etapas de seleção e programação. A capacitação aconteceu nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2017, com carga-horária de 16h, através de atividades mediadas por facilitadores (farmacêuticos da COASF) em pequenos grupos e exposições dialogadas. Foram formados mais de 200 profissionais, sendo a sua maioria gestores da APS e da Assistência Farmacêutica das Regionais de Saúde e dos municípios. As competências desenvolvidas foram: compreensão da estrutura e organização da Assistência Farmacêutica no âmbito das RAS e APS; compreensão do papel da APS na Assistência Farmacêutica, em especial na execução das etapas do ciclo logístico; utilização das metodologias de seleção e programação dos medicamentos para a APS; discussão do papel do farmacêutico na RAS e na equipe multiprofissional. No período de dispersão, os participantes desenvolveram os seguintes produtos: análise da Assistência Farmacêutica no município; elaboração do plano de ação para integração das ações da AF na APS; elaboração da curva ABC de medicamentos; seleção e programação dos medicamentos básicos com base na curva ABC e critérios epidemiológicos. Com essa capacitação, buscou-se sensibilizar os trabalhadores da APS acerca da importância da Assistência Farmacêutica para a integralidade do cuidado e resolutividade das ações de saúde. Nas próximas capacitações, o desafio será o de fomentar a discussão sobre o papel do cuidado farmacêutico nas RAS e APS.

Objetivo: El presente estudio examinó los efectos del uso y la utilidad percibida de los rituales de duelo y la satisfacción marital en el duelo perinatal. Método: 74 mujeres portuguesas que acudieron a un hospital público en Oporto - Portugal, después de experimentar uno o más abortos en 2019, respondieron a una encuesta de autoinforme. Se analizaron los efectos de la utilidad ritual y la satisfacción marital en la experiencia del duelo, así como los efectos de interacción. Resultados: Con la adaptación al duelo tras la pérdida del embarazo como variable dependiente, se observó un efecto negativo de la satisfacción marital (b=.33) y un efecto positivo de la utilidad ritual (b=.46). No se observó ningún efecto de moderación significativo. Conclusión: Este estudio pone de manifiesto la importancia de abordar los rituales del duelo y la conyugalidad en el apoyo emocional a la pérdida, siendo la figura de la enfermera primordial en los contextos del aborto y la pérdida neonatal.

Objective: The present study analyzed the effects of the use and perceived usefulness of bereavement rituals and marital satisfaction on perinatal bereavement. Method: 74 Portuguese women who attended a public hospital in Porto - Portugal, after experiencing one or more abortions in 2019, responded to a self-report survey. The effects of ritual utility and marital satisfaction on bereavement experience, as well as interaction effects, were analyzed. Results: With adjustment to bereavement after pregnancy loss as the dependent variable, a negative effect of marital satisfaction (b=.33) and a positive effect of ritual utility (b =.46) were observed. No significant moderation effect was observed. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of addressing bereavement rituals and conjugality in providing emotional support for the loss, with the figure of the nurse being paramount in the contexts of abortion and neonatal loss.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a associação entre uso de drogas e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal de adolescentes em três cidades brasileiras. Método: estudo transversal, aninhado em um ensaio controlado randomizado para avaliar o programa de prevenção ao uso de drogas em escolas brasileiras #TamoJunto2.0 do Ministério da Saúde. A amostra foi de 5.213 alunos de 73 escolas de três cidades brasileiras. O desfecho satisfação corporal foi analisado por meio da escala de Silhuetas de Stunkard e as variáveis explicativas foram o uso de drogas e dados sociodemográficos. Resultados: os adolescentes tinham entre 12 e 14 anos e cerca de 69,9% relataram insatisfação corporal, e no último ano 35,67% utilizaram álcool. A insatisfação por sobrepeso foi maior nas meninas (41,5%) e por baixo peso nos meninos (33,1%). Os adolescentes que usavam maconha apresentaram 39% (OR=1,39) mais chance de insatisfação por baixo peso e ser menina aumentou em 24% (OR=1,24) as chances de insatisfação por sobrepeso. Conclusão: os níveis de insatisfação corporal merecem atenção no cuidado de enfermagem hebiátrica e reforçam a necessidade de estratégias educativas abordando a imagem corporal e uso de drogas, a relacionando aos vários atributos subjetivos que podem afetar a saúde dos adolescentes, seja na comunidade ou escola.

Maternal transfer is a notable contaminant source for elasmobranchs during the embryonic development. The maternal offloading of several compounds has been evaluated, especially concerning legacy contaminants. However, information on pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) offload and, consequently, embryonic exposure in elasmobranchs is still unknown. Despite this, previous detection of PPCPs in pregnant females suggested the maternal offloading of these compounds in the Brazilian guitarfish Pseudobatos horkelii, yet progeny levels were not investigated. For this reason, our goal was to estimate and describe the maternal transfer of four PPCPs in P. horkelii. Diclofenac, methylparaben, octocrylene and triclosan were determined in liver and uterine content samples of five pregnant females using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Diclofenac and methylparaben were detected in maternal and uterine content samples, whereas octocrylene and triclosan were only detected in maternal livers. This suggests that diclofenac and methylparaben are transferred to the offspring, at maximum transfer capacities of 27% and 6%, respectively. The lack of detection of other analytes in uterine content suggests that these contaminants might not be transferred. The concentrations observed for diclofenac and methylparaben are similar to those reported in adult elasmobranchs and teleosts, showing that embryos are exposed to considerable levels during their development. In addition, maternal diclofenac concentrations were not influenced by maternal size, suggesting that this species is continuously exposed in the studied area. These results are important for understanding the maternal offloading process and predicting PPCPs impacts throughout this species life cycle.

Summary: Background: As of December 31, 2020, Brazil had the second-highest burden of COVID-19 worldwide. Given the absence of federal government coordination, it was up to the local governments to maintain healthcare provision for non-COVID health issues. In this descriptive study, we aimed to discuss the SUS functionality and resilience, describing the impact of the pandemic on non-COVID health services delivery while considering the regional inequalities of the allocation of financing health system, health infrastructure and health workforce. Methods: We used input-output framework based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Health System Building Blocks to estimate health system functionality and resilience. An ecological assessment was designed to calculated mean relative changes to compare the first year of the pandemic in Brazil with the previous one. All data used in this study were anonymized and made available by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Input indicators were categorized in health system financing (federal funding received as well as expenditure of both state and city governments), health system's infrastructure (hospital beds) and health workforce (healthcare workers positions). Output indicators were categorized into nine different groups of service delivery procedures. To explore the relationship between the variation in procedures with socioeconomic conditions, we used the Socioeconomic Vulnerability Index (SVI). Findings: State governments had a 38·6% increase in federal transfers, while municipal governments had a 33·9% increase. The increase of ICU beds reached its peak in the third quarter of 2020, averaging 72·1% by the end of the year. The country also saw an increase in jobs for registered nurses (13·6%), nurse assistants (8·5%), physiotherapists (7·9%), and medical doctors (4·9%). All procedures underwent expressive reduction: Screenings (−42·6%); Diagnostic procedures (−28·9%); Physician appointments (−42·5%); Low and medium complexity surgeries (−59·7%); High complexity surgeries (−27·9%); Transplants (−44·7%); Treatments and clinical procedures due to injuries of external causes (−19·1%); Irrepressible procedures (−8·5%); and Childbirths (−12·6%). The most significant drop in procedures happened in the first quarter of the pandemic, followed by progressive increase; most regions had not yet recovered by the end of 2020. State-level changes in numbers of procedures point towards a negative trend with SVI. Interpretation: The Brazilian Government did not consider that socioeconomically vulnerable states were at a higher risk of being impacted by the overburden of the health system caused by the COVID-19, which resulted in poorer health system functionality for those vulnerable states. The lack of proper planning to improve health system resilience resulted in the decrease of a quarter of the amount of healthcare procedures increasing the already existing health disparities in the country. Funding: MCTIC/CNPQ/FNDCT/MS/SCTIE/DECIT No 07/2020.

Objective: To verify the relationship between the types of feeding and presence of harmful oral habits (HOH) in children with cleft lip (CL), palate (CP) and cleft lip and palate (CLP), as well as to compare the different types of cleft to each other. Material and Methods: A form was applied to the parents of 162 children (3-5 years old), addressing the following variables: gender, cleft type, age, socioeconomic conditions, type of breastfeeding, presence of HOH, and the parents' knowledge about the consequences of oral habits. The data obtained were analyzed by chi-square test (p0.05). The type of feeding and cleft were not decisive to present some type of HOH (p>0.05) and 87% of parents stated that HOH could lead to serious complications of tooth misalignment. Conclusion: The type of feeding and fissure did not determine the acquisition of harmful oral habits in children with cleft. However, the greater the fissure's complexity, the lesser the chance of children receiving exclusive breastfeeding.

Resumo Pesquisas sobre política pública esportiva no Brasil focam majoritariamente no Poder Executivo. Com o Legislativo fora desse escopo, o campo apresenta uma lacuna, dada a influência que este pode exercer. Ao se considerar as comissões como lócus de atuação do Legislativo, o objetivo foi analisar se a atuação da comissão responsável pelo esporte, quando especializada, promovia com maior expertise a temática. Para tanto, verificamos como o padrão dos atores e de suas atividades modificou-se, entre 2003 a 2018, com o desmembramento da Comissão de Turismo e Desporto (CTD), em 2014, que originou a Comissão de Esporte (Cespo), justificado pela realização dos megaeventos no país. Por meio de análise descritiva e de regressão logística, demonstramos que a criação da Cespo, ao individualizar a temática esportiva, aumentou o interesse dos atores na comissão, a especialização das atividades, o volume de matérias analisadas e a diversidade de temas, gerando mudanças que permanecem mesmo após a realização dos megaeventos.

A leishmaniose é uma zoonose parasitária frequentemente fatal, causada pelo protozoário Leishmania spp., mundialmente distribuída. A principal forma de transmissão da enfermidade se dá através do flebotomíneo Lutzomyia spp., porém pode haver outras formas de transmissão, como por transfusão sanguínea. O parasito tem capacidade de causar lesões em diversos órgãos de mamíferos e, apesar de não ser comum, a enfermidade pode levar a desordens cardiocirculatórias, em que o animal apresentará sintomas comuns de cardiopatias, como intolerância ao exercício e dispneia. Dessa forma, é importante avaliar o sistema cardíaco em casos de leishmaniose, através de radiografia torácica, eletrocardiograma, concentrações de tropoinina I cardíaca e de CK-MB. Assim, o presente trabalho objetiva revisar a literatura de acordo com indicadores de lesões cardíacas associados a leishmaniose.

The genus Campomanesia belongs to the Myrtaceae family and has about 30 species. It is characterized by citrus-flavored fruits. Several articles describe the extensive use of its fruit, such as in the food industry, however, other parts of the plants are also used for food or pharmacological purposes such as the leaves, flowers, seeds, and roots. Analyzing works published on the genus in the period 2005-2019, we observed that the classes of main flavonoid compounds present are anthocyanins, chalcones, coumarins, tannins, and saponins. Species of this genus are also used as a medicine in the treatment of wounds, toothaches, fractures, and bruises. Therapeutic activities have also been detected for Campomanesia, such as antimicrobial, antiulcerogenic, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, and antidiarrheal activity, antiproliferative and antioxidant potential, antiplatelet, antithrombotic, and fibrinolytic activities, as well as hypotensive effects. There are a small number of works demonstrating the low toxic potential of plant extracts. Thus, the Campomanesia genus presents pharmacological potential to be explored.

Objective: To describe and evaluate the xylitol products’ applicability and its effects in the health area worldwide utilizing a bibliometric analysis from randomized controlled trials (RCT) with humans. Material and Methods: Electronic searches were carried out in Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and VHL databases. The main data extracted were: year, area of applicability, type of treatment, country, journal, xylitol posology and concentration, presentation form, outcomes, and effects. Results: From 1476 studies, 257 were included. These studies were published between 1973-2021. The majority was carried out in dentistry (73.9%) and under preventive treatment (67.4%). These studies were developed in the USA (15.4%) and published in Caries Research (6.6%). The posology and concentration ranged between 0.004-67 g/day and 0.002-100%, respectively. The xylitol is usually used in the chewing gum form (44.0%), and for antimicrobial activity evaluation (38.5%). A positive effect was observed in 204 studies (79.3%) and was associated with xylitol concentration ≥ 15% (p=0.007). Side effects were reported in 8.2% and were associated with posology ≥ 5 g/day (p=0.03). Conclusion: Most studies with xylitol were conducted to prevent diseases in the dentistry field. The chewing gum form and antimicrobial activity evaluation were more frequent. Most xylitol products have a positive effect, and few studies report side effects.

RESUMO Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar se, e em que medida, o marcador de gênero conforma diferentes perspectivas, oportunidades e incentivos que homens e mulheres na carreira esportiva no futsal, bem como para a reconversão para outra carreira vocacional. Para isso, descrevemos o perfil de atletas homens e mulheres sob o ponto de vista da trajetória esportiva e da dupla carreira. Utilizamos um questionário com 95 homens e 87 mulheres, participantes dos campeonatos adultos de futsal paulista. Nossos resultados apontam que a dupla carreira é predominante tanto para homens quanto para mulheres. Para elas, a dupla carreira com os estudos vai da adolescência até a idade adulta, quando os clubes as concedem bolsa universitária e salário. Após o ensino superior, as chances de permanência no futsal diminuem para mulheres, o que pode indicar a reconversão para outra carreira vocacional e chance de mobilidade social, já que elas são a primeira geração da família a atingir esse nível de ensino. Para os homens, a dupla carreira se estabelece mais precocemente, na infância e se torna, na idade adulta, conciliação com o trabalho, pois, com exceção de uma pequena parcela, a maioria não é remunerada para jogar. Essas diferenças demonstram a desigualdade de desenvolvimento do futsal entre os gêneros.

Objetivo: identificar sintomas de ansiedade e fatores associados entre profissionais de saúde durante pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 1.354 profissionais da saúde, cujos dados socioprofissionais, sintomas psicológicos e físicos de ansiedade foram coletados via Google Forms entre 17 e 21 de maio de 2020, no nordeste brasileiro, e analisados pelo teste de Qui-Quadrado de Pearson e regressão logística. Resultados: Obteve-se associação entre sintomas psicológicos e idade (p=0,036), sexo feminino (p=0,015), bem entre sintomas físicos e idade (p=0,000), prestou atendimento a pacientes com COVID-19 (p=0,003), se o profissional apresentou sintomas da COVID-19 (p=0,000), com convívio social com pessoas sintomáticas (p=0,028) e sexo (p=0,000). Conclusão: o estudo pode subsidiar melhor compreensão da vivência do profissional de saúde em relação à pandemia da COVID-19 para elaboração de políticas de cuidado dos profissionais, bem como incentivar novos estudos, tendo em vista a urgência, unicidade e magnitude da situação vivida.

What happens when a traditional source of political capital becomes a health hazard? Stigmatized electoral practices, such as vote buying, are a double-edged sword: While these strategies may signal candidates’ electoral strength, they may also entail reputational costs. In normal times, street campaigns are a non-stigmatized electoral practice. During the Covid-19 pandemic, however, they imposed health risks. Employing data from a national survey experiment conducted in Brazil prior to the 2020 municipal elections ( N = 2025), we extend research on the employment of stigmatized campaigns and the gendered dynamics of electoral viability. We find that voters evaluate candidates who engage in face-to-face activities as less electorally viable and report lower intent to support them. These dynamics do not impact all candidates equally: Voters more harshly punish women candidates who conduct street campaigns than men, leading women to lose the advantage they have over men when both employ non-stigmatized campaign practices.

This article presents the elaboration and the results of the “Inclusive Development Index for Solidary Cooperatives” (IDICS in Portuguese). The Index measures the inclusion of young people and women in 30 cooperatives of family farming in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Its elaboration took place through a participatory process with the cooperatives’ members and managers. IDICS consists of 2 sub-indexes of 18 variables each: The Women's Inclusion Index (IIM) and the Youth Inclusion Index (IIJ). The collection of data was done through structured questionnaires, applied remotely to the cooperatives. The results suggest a strong heterogeneity among the cooperatives, and the results are related to the size, time of operation of the cooperative and the region of location. Most cooperatives lack progress with regard to their inclusion processes. Therefore, the Index can be a useful tool for planning and identifying good practices.

Este artigo é resultante de uma pesquisa descritiva, que buscou uma aproximação de natureza transversal com o contexto da formação e carreira da excelência do futsal de mulheres no Brasil. Todas as onze atletas pertencentes à seleção brasileira no momento da disputa do Campeonato Mundial da FIFA de Futsal Feminino de 2011, realizado em Fortaleza (CE), responderam a um questionário, composto de questões fechadas, auto administrado. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio da estatística descritiva e foram analisados a luz da literatura acadêmica acerca da formação, carreira e de desenvolvimento de atletas no esporte. Destaca-se a escola como espaço e tempo para a iniciação de meninas. Encontramos que há um decréscimo da cultura do brincar na rua – outrora um espaço privilegiado e nota-se que a universidade também é um espaço de investimento na carreira esportiva. O que favorece a reconversão das atletas ao final de sua carreira.

Este estudo procura identificar as circunstâncias de uso do item daí na fala de informantes de Curitiba e tem como corpus dados de entrevistas do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB). Esta pesquisa justifica-se pelo fato de, em localidades do Sul brasileiro, o uso do daí ser frequente em contextos diferentes dos estabelecidos pelas gramáticas, isto é, como advérbio de lugar ou de tempo. Para a constituição da fundamentação teórica, utilizamos estudos sobre o processo de gramaticalização e estratificamos os resultados baseados na Teoria da Variação Linguística, na qual observamos os dados de acordo com as variáveis diassexual, diageracional e diastrática. Portanto, esta pesquisa tem por finalidade: (i) verificar, na fala dos informantes de Curitiba do corpus do ALiB, o emprego da expressão daí como advérbio e como outras classes gramaticais ou discursivas; (ii) analisar cada emprego segundo as variáveis extralinguísticas; e (iii) verificar se há fatores linguísticos intervindo no uso da expressão daí. Assim, constatamos que o daí revelou-se como marca discursiva na fala de mulheres idosas e com nível superior de escolaridade, o que pode indicar que a mudança não se consolidou, mas a frequência do seu uso permanece no nível da variação diagenérica e diastrática.

This paper aims to identify the circumstances of use of the item daí (then) in the speech of informants from Curitiba and has as corpus data from interviews of the Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil (ALiB) (Brazilian Linguistic Atlas Project) conducted in this city. This research is justified by the fact that in southern Brazilian localities the use of daí is frequent in contexts different from those established by grammars, that is to say, as an adverb of place or time. For the constitution of the theoretical foundation, we used studies on grammaticalization process and stratified the results based on the Linguistic Variation Theory, in which we observed the data according to the diasexual, diageneric and diastratic variables. Therefore, this research intents to: (i) verify, in the speech of Curitiba informants from ALiB corpus, the use of the expression daí as an adverb and as other grammatical or discursive classes; (ii) analyze each employment according to extralinguistic variables; and (iii) verify if there are linguistic factors intervening in the use of the expression daí. Thus, we found that daí proved to be a discursive mark in the speech of older women with higher education, which may indicate that the change did not consolidate, but the frequency of its usage remains at the level of diageneric and diastratic variation.

Este trabalho objetivou relatar o caso clínico de uma fêmea equina da raça Paint horse, de aproximadamente seis anos de idade, atendido no Hospital Veterinário Universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí, com quadro clínico de tétano. Doença causada pelas toxinas, tetanospasmina e tetanolisina, produzidas pela bactéria gram-positiva e anaeróbia Clostridium tetani. Por ser uma doença tóxica de alto poder de infecção, ela pode acometer algumas espécies domésticas, porém sua epidemiologia está mais ligada a equinos. Para que ocorra a infecção e surgimento dos sinais clínicos da doença, é necessário que haja uma porta de entrada, como um ferimento, ou contato direto com secreções de outros animais já infectados. O animal uma vez infectado apresenta sinais clínicos como: rigidez dos membros, trismo labial, rigidez muscular, espasmos musculares, hiperestesia e levantar da cauda. Diante dos sinais clínicos apresentados, diagnosticou-se um caso de tétano. Iniciou-se em seguida o tratamento, utilizando-se metronidazol comprimidos na dose de 25mg/Kg, a cada 8 horas durante 5 dias; tiocolchicosídeo comprimidos na dose de 0,05 mg/Kg/SID durante 5 dias; soro antitetânico (50.000 UI/animal), a cada 24 horas por 5 dias; e realizando-se a lavagem da ferida do membro posterior direito diariamente com água, água oxigenada e aplicação tópica de fenitrothion por sete dias consecutivos. A melhora foi gradativa e significativa com o animal respondendo muito bem ao tratamento, obtendo resultados esperados, restabelecendo a saúde do paciente. Tendo alta médica após sete dias de tratamento intensivo.

Este trabalho objetivou relatar o caso clínico de um equino, macho, sem raça definida, castrado, atendido no Hospital Veterinário do Regimento de Policiamento Montada do Distrito Federal, com uma lesão na genitália externa, diagnosticada como carcinoma de células escamosas (CCE), através de exames histopatológicos e citológicos. O CCE é um tumor maligno cutâneo e invasivo, pode se apresentar em várias áreas tendo predisposição por áreas com pouco pelo e menor pigmentação da pele. Essa neoplasia acomete com frequência a glande peniana dos machos orquiectomizados da raça equina por conta da menor exposição do pênis e acúmulo de esmegma produzido pelas glândulas prepuciais podendo se agravar com a radiação solar. Em virtude do diagnóstico precoce o animal foi submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico, penectomia parcial. No pós-operatório, a limpeza da ferida cirúrgica foi feita com solução de clorexidina a 2%, aplicação manual diária de unguento e administração de hemofarm® (20 mL/dia/ via oral). Aplicação de anti-inflamatório (flunixin meglumine 1,1 mL/Kg/3dias) e analgésico (fenilbutazona 2,2 mL/Kg/5dias consecutivos), ambos por via intravenosa. Os pontos cirúrgicos retirados no 11º dia após a cirurgia, obtendo a recuperação total do animal.

Abstract Introduction Dichotic listening refers to the ability to hear different sounds presented to each ear simultaneously. Objective The aim of the present study was to assess dichotic listening in women throughout the menstrual cycle. Methods The volunteers who met the eligibility criteria participated in a dichotic listening assessment composed of three tests: 1) staggered spondaic word test; 2) dichotic digits test; and 3) consonant-vowel test. The female participants were tested during two different phases of the menstrual cycle: the follicular (days 11 to 13) and luteal (days 23 to 26) phases. The phases were confirmed by measuring serum levels of the hormone estradiol. Results A total of 20 volunteers aged 18 to 49 years participated in the study (9 females and 11 males). In test 1, only the right ear of females showed better performance during the follicular phase (high estrogen levels), compared with the luteal phase (low estrogen levels); in test 2, there were no significant differences for any of the groups; and in test 3, both males and females showed significantly better performance in their right ear compared with their left ear. Conclusion The better performance of females during the follicular phase of the cycle may indicate that estrogen levels might have an influence on dichotic listening in women.

Objective to evaluate the vaccination rooms of primary health care units.Methods evaluative research, in which the Structure and Process in 89 vaccination rooms of six Regional Health Coordination Centers were evaluated through supervision of vaccine rooms of the Ministry of Health of Brazil.Results most of the professionals were nursing technicians (76.4%) without training in vaccination (31.5%). In the Evaluation of General Aspects/Technical Procedures, decoration objects (43.8%), absence of bench (22.5%), and insufficient number of vaccines (41.6%) were observed. In the evaluation of the Cold Chain, inadequate cleaning of refrigerators (71.9%) and inappropriate temperatures (48.8%) were found.Conclusion the evaluation of vaccine rooms showed that the structure of the General Aspects/Technical Procedures and Cold Chain components presented good classification, while the evaluation of the process of these components indicated a regular classification.

O futsal sofreu constantes alterações em suas regras, o que trouxe implicações técnico-táticas e estratégicas e novas demandas para o treinamento, em particular para o goleiro. A análise de jogo vem contribuindo para afinar a compreensão dessas mudanças a fim de possibilitar mais adequadamente as adaptações às novas exigências. Considerando este cenário, este artigo analisou a utilização do goleiro-linha e linha-goleiro no futsal, diferenciando essas duas abordagens da utilização do goleiro, e verificando a eficácia dessas ações tático-estratégicas. Por meio de uma abordagem exploratória, nossa amostra foi composta de 10 jogos da primeira fase da Liga Nacional de Futsal 2016, analisados em função do contexto de utilização destes dois recursos. Os resultados apontaram que o goleiro-linha é utilizado nas jogadas de lateral e nas pressões adversárias, havendo certo equilíbrio entre as etapas do jogo, independe do placar e que os locais padrões de recepção são dentro e a frente da área de meta. Seus principais desfechos foram passes errados e finalizações, com um número baixo de gols marcados. No caso do linha-goleiro, ele é usado quando há um resultado adverso no placar na segunda etapa da partida. O principal local de recepção é a ala direita do ataque, e os desfechos das jogadas apontaram um número expressivo de finalizações e nenhum gol marcado. A baixa eficácia combinada à alta produção ofensiva, apontam a necessidade de um treinamento mais direcionado às demandas surgidas em decorrência da maior eficiência da marcação adversária nesta situação de jogo. ABSTRACT Goalkeeper-line and line-goalkeeper: different strategic-tattical uses at 2016 futsal national league of Brazil Futsal has had its rules constantly changed, which has brought technical-tactical and strategic implications, such as the emergence of new training demands, in particular to the goalkeeper. Game analysis features have been contributing to understand these changes and to adapt training to the new requirements. This study aimed to analyze the use of goalkeeper-line and goalkeeper-line in Futsal, comparing these two differents approaches and measuring its efficacy. This explanatory research, our sample was 10 matches of the 2016 Brazil Futsal National League, which we analysed throughout game analysis. The results indicated that the goalkeeper-line is used in the side plays and in the opposing pressures, with a certain balance between the stages of the game. Mostly, balls reception places are in and front of the goalkeeper area, and its use is independent of the momentary score of the match. We also noted high rates of passes mistakes and shots, but an low number of goals scored. We observed that the use of the goalkeeper-line is directly linked to the adverse result on the scoreboard at the second stage of the match. Its main place of reception is the right wing of the offensive side, and the outcome of the plays indicated a significant number of shots and no goal scored. The two strategies obtained almost none goals scored, which does not demonstrate effectiveness of these maneuvers and brings the need for more specific training strategy.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to verify the effectiveness of a regional nutrition training program for nurses based on four levels of assessment: response, learning, behavior, and conclusions. Methods: this was a longitudinal, almost experimental before and after type of study, carried out in 2014 with eight nurses and 62 mothers attended in the Primary Health Care Units of the rural area of Ceará, Brazil, in a training program using educational technology on regional food. Results: the evaluations showed a positive reaction from the nurses; a very good post-test average (92.3%); a change in nurses’ behavior, verified by 30 educational activities after training; and satisfactory results, verified by improvement in knowledge, attitude and practice of the mothers about regional food and food safety after participating in the educational interventions carried out by the trained nurses. Conclusions: the training program was considered effective, showing positive results in the four levels of evaluation.

Bullying's a phenomenon that carries great harm for those involved (bully or victim alike) in which academic achievement is harmed as well. However, the strength of such impact is yet to be clarified, existing many possibilities to explore. Or in other words, many variables that can justify such connection - classroom behavior being one example. The goal of the present investigation is to study the impact that bullying (while mediated by the classroom behavior) has on the academic achievement. The sample consisted of 288 children (from 1st year to 4th year’s students); and their teachers (whom reported their classroom behavior). Results showed that the bullying situation itself, didn’t significantly explain the academic achievement of those involved. However, from classroom behavior it was found an indirect effect between bullying and academic achievement. Within classroom behavior, the main contributive dimensions were - victim related, the excessive motor activity; and bully related, oppositional behaviors, excessive motor activity and ADHD index. This results alert to the importance of the educational agents’ attention given to the existing behavior in their classrooms. Not only because of the disruption created in each classroom’s environment, but also as a possible sign of an involvement in the existing bullying dynamics.

Objective: to analyze satisfaction, self-confidence and performance of nursing students in realistic immunization simulation. Methods: quasi-experimental study, using the Immunization Checklist and Student Satisfaction and Self-confidence in Learning Scale, with 72 students, divided into Group 1 (38 seventh semester students who have not yet been in the field of practice in the Child Health discipline) and Group 2 (34 ninth semester students). Results: there was no difference between groups in terms of immunization performance (t-test: 1.701; p=0.096), as well as in terms of the degree of performance (Likelihood Ratio: 1.939; p=0.164). There was a significant difference when assessing satisfaction and self-confidence in learning (t-test: 2.346; p=0.023). Conclusion: the previous practice of immunization in the field of practice did not influence the performance of nursing students during the realistic simulation, but it did interfere with satisfaction and self-confidence in learning.

Studies reported that tobacco addiction was related to visual impairments, but one unresolved issue is whether the impairments are related to the many compounds existing in the cigarettes or to the effects of nicotine. On the other hand, nicotine gum can be used as replacement therapy or as a neuroprotective agent for some diseases. The main purpose of this controlled trial is to investigate the effects of nicotine gum on vision. The ENIGMA-Vis trial aims to compare two dosages of nicotine gum (2 and 4 mg) and a placebo gum in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 100 participants to be allocated into a single group assignment of repeated measures (two studies; N = 50 for each one). Eligibility criteria are healthy non-smokers not diagnosed with substance abuse and without an acute or chronic medical condition. Intervention will last three sessions for each participant with a window frame of 1 week per session. Study outcomes are (1) short-term effects of nicotine gum on contrast sensitivity; (2) short-term effects of nicotine gum on chromatic contrast discrimination; and (3) whether demographics, body mass index, or serum cotinine predicts response of visual processing. This study addresses an important gap in the effects of nicotine on vision. One of the main takeaways of this study is to understand the effects of nicotine on contrast sensitivity and chromatic contrast discrimination. This information will provide a further understanding of how nicotine interacts with early visual processes and help determine how the different components present during smoking can affect vision.Clinical Trial Registration Number: RBR-46tjy3.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the knowledge of nurses working in Primary Health Care Units about regional foods, food & nutritional safety. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted with 71 nurses working in health care units in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará. Data were obtained through administration of two questionnaires, subsequently analyzed through statistical tests. Results: a satisfactory level of knowledge was found for most nurses, and it was evident that those with graduate degrees had greater knowledge about ‘regional food basics’ (p=0,014) and ‘frequency of use of regional foods’ (p=0,014); the age of the professionals had an inversely proportional relationship with the knowledge about the ‘concept of food & nutritional safety’ (p=0,009). Conclusions: nurses had satisfactory knowledge about the themes addressed, and professionals should be encouraged to improve their knowledge and instruct families on the importance of a diet based on regional foods.

RESUMO Na busca de possíveis articulações didáticas, objetivamos analisar se o modelo de educação esportiva é capaz de produzir o protagonismo e a autonomia dos estudantes, coadunar com a inovação pedagógica na educação física escolar. Para tanto, fizemos um estudo de caso em uma escola, durante um semestre letivo, combinamos observação, entrevista com a professora e grupo focal com os alunos. O modelo ajudou a inovar na abordagem do esporte, promoveu maior e diversificada participação discente, autonomia e corresponsabilidade. Permanece ainda como limitante o legado do modelo tradicional de aula, de modo que inovar é um desafio não só didático, mas também cultural.