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In the study was evaluated the ecological state of the waters of the EMERALD site "Pădurea Hânceşti" and the neighboring areas. It was found that the water from the springs and wells meets the drinking water requirements, except for the nitrate content of the water from the well in Mereşeni village (282 mg/dm3, exceeding 5,6 times the CMA) and in the well from Lăpuşna village (90 mg /dm3 (exceeding the CMA by 1,8 times), where the content of sodium and potassium also exceeds the CMA by about 3,6 times. The value of the Trophic Status Index (TSItot) indicates that the trophic status of the lakes under study presents mesotrophic and eutrophic characteristics. The results the study demonstrates that the surface waters are medium-polluted, being good/satisfactory for irrigation.

The uptake and intracellular distribution of nanoparticles, relevant for understanding their cytotoxicity, can be evaluated by enhanced dark field microscopy combined with hyperspectral imagery and 3D reconstructions of fluorescent samples.

This paper includes the results of laboratory modeling of ethyl and methyl alcohol and sulfide ions impact on the biochemical process of ammonium ions nitrification in water from the Dniester River, Palanca village, Stefan Voda district (august 2019). An insignificant influence of ethyl and methyl alcohol (0,5 ml/L) was established in both stages of the process. In the comparison test, the stage NH4 + → NO2 - lasted 12 days, and in the presence of ethyl alcohol - 14 days and in the presence of methyl alcohol - 16 days. The NO2 - → NO3 - stage in the comparison test lasted 16 days and in the presence of ethyl alcohol 2 days less (14 days) and in the presence of methyl alcohol - 16 days, so without any influence. The study showed a significant influence of sulfur ion in both stages at a concentration of 0.1 mg/L with and without the presence of ethyl and methyl alcohol. In the comparison test, the NH4 + → NO2 - stage lasted 12 days, in the presence of the S2- ion it lasted 18 days, and in the presence of alcohols and sulfur ion - more than 20 days, the synergism of the impact being obvious. In the NO2 - → NO3 - step of the process for 20 days the NO2 - concentration did not decrease in the presence of the S2- ion, and in the presence of ethyl, methyl alcohol and S2- only 15-35% of the NO2 - ions were oxidized, in comparison with the witness test.

Goal: Non-anatomical resections of liver tumors can be very challenging as the surgeon cannot use anatomical landmarks on the liver surface or in the ultrasound image for guidance. This makes it difficult to achieve negative resection margins (R0) and still preserve as much healthy liver tissue as possible. Even though image-guided surgery systems have been introduced to overcome this challenge, they are still rarely used due to their inaccuracy, time-effort and complexity in usage and setup. Methods: We have developed a novel approach, which allows us to create an intra-operative resection plan using navigated ultrasound. First, the surface is scanned using a navigated ultrasound, followed by tumor segmentation on a midsection ultrasound image. Based on this information, the navigation system calculates an optimal resection strategy and displays it along with the tracked surgical instruments. In this study, this approach was evaluated by three experienced hepatobiliary surgeons on ex-vivo porcine models. Results: Using this technique, an R0 resection could be achieved in 22 out of 23 (95.7% R0 resection rate) cases with a median resection margin of 5.9 mm (IQR 3.5-7.7 mm). The resection margin between operators 1, 2 and 3 was 7.8 mm, 4.15 mm and 5.1 mm respectively (p = 0.054). Conclusions: This approach could represent a useful tool for intra-operative guidance in non-anatomical resection alongside conventional ultrasound guidance. However, instructions and training are essential especially if the operator has not used an image-guidance system before.

Criminologically, the psychosocial and educational perspectives on the person who commits acts of aggressiveness, including sexual abuse, are based on several theoretical models of intervention, which are included in the bio-pathological, psychological and sociocultural perspectives. This is the very premise of the assisted desistance as a succession of stages developed within the criminal trial, and taking risk management as the fundamental principle applied in the custodial and probation system. Firstly, this article starts from a case study conducted in the Romanian probation system, which is presented at the “Fifth International Conference Multidisciplinary Perspectives in the Quasi-Coercive Treatment of Offenders. Probation as a field of study and research: From person to society” (2016). Secondly, it reflects the collaboration between prison and probation in the primary and secondary desistance using the programme ‘Reducing the Risk of Relapse’ (RRR) after prison, which uses the complementary ‘risk, needs and responsivity’ (RNR) model with the “Good Life Model” (GLM) based on combining the principle of individual responsiveness with that of social responsibility. Our arguments are – in the sense of highlighting the importance of individualizing the sanction – focusing on the contextualized narrative identity, from secondary desistance to ensure the continuity of the post-sentence rehabilitation and the protection of the crime victim.

Phase-derived parameters and time autocorrelation functions were used to analyze the behavior of murine B16 cells exposed to different amplitudes of electroporation pulses. Cells were observed using an off-axis digital holographic microscope equipped with a fast camera. Series of quantitative phase images of cells were reconstructed and further processed using MATLAB codes. Projected area, dry mass density, and entropy proved to be predictors for permeabilized cells that swell or collapse. Autocorrelation functions of phase fluctuations in different regions of the cell showed a good correlation with the local effectiveness of permeabilization.

Electropermeabilization of biological membranes is applied more and more in medicine and in biotechnologies as a useful technique to facilitate the transfer of various substances between the inner and outer sides of a cell. It has considerably improved in the last decades, under intensive study, through experiments and simulations. A numerical study aiming to provide data for setting the main experimental parameters is presented in the paper, for simplified models of cells in suspension exposed to time-harmonic electric field.

BackgroundIn thermal ablation of liver tumors, complete coverage of the tumor volume by the ablation volume with a sufficient ablation margin is the most important factor for treatment success. Evaluation of ablation completeness is commonly performed by visual inspection in 2D and is prone to inter-reader variability. This work aimed to introduce a standardized approach for evaluation of ablation completeness after CT-guided thermal ablation of liver tumors, using volumetric quantitative ablation margins (QAM).MethodsA QAM computation metric based on volumetric segmentations of tumor and ablation areas and signed Euclidean surface distance maps was developed, including a novel algorithm to address QAM computation in subcapsular tumors. The code for QAM computation was verified in artificial examples of tumor and ablation spheres simulating varying scenarios of ablation margins. The applicability of the QAM metric was investigated in representative cases extracted from a prospective database of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) treated with stereotactic microwave ablation (SMWA).ResultsApplicability of the proposed QAM metric was confirmed in artificial and clinical example cases. Numerical and visual options of data presentation displaying substrata of QAM distributions were proposed. For subcapsular tumors, the underestimation of tumor coverage by the ablation volume when applying an unadjusted QAM method was confirmed, supporting the benefits of using the proposed algorithm for QAM computation in these cases. The computational code for developed QAM was made publicly available, encouraging the use of a standard and objective metric in reporting ablation completeness and margins.ConclusionThe proposed volumetric approach for QAM computation including a novel algorithm to address subcapsular liver tumors enables precision and reproducibility in the assessment of ablation margins. The quantitative feedback on ablation completeness opens possibilities for intra-operative decision making and for refined analyses on predictability and consistency of local tumor control after thermal ablation of liver tumors.

Stereotactic percutaneous ablation is a rapidly advancing modality for treatment of tumors in soft solid organs such as the liver. Each year, there are about 850,000 cases of primary liver cancer worldwide. Although surgical resection still is the gold standard for most cases, only 20–30% of patients are candidates for it, due to the advanced stage of the disease. Surgery can also be a huge burden to the patient and his/her quality of life might be temporarily severely reduced due to long hospital stays, complications, and slow recovery. To overcome these disadvantages, thermo-ablation of tumors of up to 3 cm has become a more viable alternative especially in the last decade, offering a potentially equally effective but minimally invasive and tissue sparing treatment alternative. In conjunction with improved CT imaging, stereotactic image-guidance techniques and image fusion technology were introduced to increase safety, efficacy, and accuracy of this treatment. Stereotactic image-guidance leads to a simple, fast, and accurate placement of the ablation probe into the liver tumor, which is a prerequisite for a complete destruction of the tumor by ablation. More and more physicians, including surgeons, consider ablation a viable alternative to resection whenever feasible. Patients undergoing such a minimally invasive treatment benefit from a shorter hospital stays, reduced complication rates, and faster recovery.

Electroporation-based techniques are known for their potential to temporarily increase cells membrane permeability by controlled electric fields for transfer of non-permeant molecules; these techniques evolved in many useful biomedical applications. Current research in this domain addresses both experimental and computational analysis in a complementary manner. Numerical simulations, considering realistic cell shapes and field exposure conditions can complete the experimental investigations by opening insights and providing quantitative data. Our approach here provides cell models for EP simulations, based on experimental acquisition of images in a holographic microscopy setup and digital reconstruction of phase images of living attached B16F10 murine melanoma cells. A procedure to process and import phase images in dedicated finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics is described in detail. Based on such realistically shaped computational domains, the electric field problem is successively defined and solved under time-harmonic electric excitation, uniformly applied; the frequency dependent dielectric properties are set accordingly. Induced transmembrane voltage distribution is the representative numerical output of the analysis shown here for different exposure conditions (membrane regions under stress, dielectric properties, field frequency), aiming to evaluate their potential efficiency on electroporation.

The paper presents the fluctuations of the river Dniester Water Nitrification Index, which denotes that downstream of Naslavcea village the nitrification process is intensely (98%), similar to that calculated according information of 2016-2019 years, and towards Palanca village is of 72-79%. Initrif of river Dniester water has a negative correlates with COD-Cr and BOD5, being evidenced the influence on the nitrification process of chemical and biochemical degradable substances, which is attes

In this paper the situation of pollution with nitrogen compounds both in the EU member states and in the Republic of Moldova was analyzed. Also, the existing methods of determination of nitrate ions are analyzed and the necessity of elaborating the method for determination of the nitrate ions in the presence of nitrite ions.

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), an undesirable event with a relatively small prevalence, often unrecognized and underdiagnosed, is currently at the center of international medical and social events, with the specific purpose of awareness raising campaign. Although many general risk factors for SUDEP have been identified, the development of reliable patient-specific biomarkers is needed to provide more accurate risk prediction and personalized patient management strategies. The new different genes mutations described in animals and humans, make them valuable genomic biomarkers. In this paper the authors analyze aspects of SUDEP pathogenesis and diagnosis from the perspective of both the current molecular research and the new diagnostic criteria proposed by Nashef et al. in 2012. The authors conclude that in the genomic era we shall be able to optimize and individualize patient management, focusing in the same time on prevention.

Alzheimer’s disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that affects mainly the elderly people, was declared a public health priority by the World Health Organization. Because the main clinical manifestations are cognitive, behavioral and psychological symptoms, patients diagnosed with this disease have a significantly lower quality of life. This type of dementia has an inexorably progressive evolution so, families and health care staff, must make great efforts to provide a decent standard of living for these patients. Because it has a huge economic burden and there is no treatment to stop or cure the disease, it is important to emphasises modifiable risk factors and to apply prevention strategies, proved by scientific evidence.

The study relates to determination of nitrate in presence of nitrite in water and can be used in the quality monitoring of natural water (surface and groundwater), drinking water, water from fish farms and public aquaria where autonomous filters is used. The nature and quantity of reagents used have insignificant impact on natural waters and sewages. According to the investigation, the method includes the removal of nitrite from the solution/water with sulfaminic acid, the nitrate ion reduction to nitrite using a reducing mixture that contains Na2SO4 and zinc dust in ratio of 100:5 and determining the nitrite with the Griess reagent.

The present study estimates chemical composition and status of the groundwater from the Dniester river basin. Research includes defining of springs/fountains location, evaluating physicochemical features of water, highlighting of main pollutants and pollution sources, establishing of water type and quality. The research was achieved within the State Program "Scientific research and water quality management".

Any juridical persons as a person that pays taxes( and sometimes that does not pay taxes also) has the following obligations: the fiscal registration at the recognized territorial authority, the realization and the reception of the fiscal documentation, the registration of the operations and the TVA payment. Such obligations are mentioned in Law nr. 571/XII.2003, concerning the Fiscal code (Title VI), Government decision. nr. 44/I.2004, concerning the Rules of application of the Fiscal code and the Government decison nr. 92/XII.2003, concerning the code of fiscal procedure. During the last period, after the frequent changes that appeared in the Fiscal code there are a series of problems concerning the solution for such obligations. The present fiscal law mentions that the persons paying the TVA have to pay to the state budget the amounts representing the calculated tax on the invoiced work value. It follows that the tax eligibility appears before the checking of the invoices sent by the tax payer, supplier, operation which, now on the background of the economic-financial crisis is not granted. On the present background of the mentioned crisis and thinking of the real situation of the too much delayed payments by the beneficiary and due to the budgetary arrears, it was decided that from the 1st of January 2013 the TVA should be payed at the moment of the checking of the invoice countervalue by the small tax payers( the business cipher does not go over the amount of 2.250.000 lei). Taking into account the wide area of this issue this article deals only with some aspects concerning the persons that are obliged to register with TVA, to keep evidences of the operations submitted to taxes, to organize the registration of those operations submitted to taxes and new aspects concerning the invoicing of those operations.

A special issue that is raised in the case of accountant system connected to fiscality is that of drawing the true image of the financial position and the entity’s performances by converging the accountant rules with the fiscal ones, of the regularity and correctness of the financial periodical reports. There are some issues that lead to conflicts between accountancy and fiscality regarding the true image of the financial position of the entity and they are met when using different depreciation systems, when constituting the risk and expenses provisions, when establishing and registering the adjustments of depreciation and value losses, that, as it is well known, only in few cases they are fiscaly educible, when determining the taxable profit and, implicitly the profit taxation. The accountant depreciation is different from the fiscal depreciation. It doesn’t reflect, in all cases, the effective loss of value of the tangible assets, but only the allocation of its cost for a period of time.

We present the case of a patient aged 38 years with Chronic Progressive External Ophtalmoplegia (CPEO), a slowly progressive myopathy primarily involving and often limited to the extraocular muscles. Medical history, clinical examination and laboratory studies are revealed. The implicated gene mutations and differential diagnosis are approached.

As sources of water supply in the Republic of Moldova underground waters constitute 15,2% (bore holes, springs and wells). The present work includes water quality investigations and aims to reveal local sources in river Nistru hydrographic basin (Rezina district) for drinking water provision in villages. Chemical composition of investigated spring’s water shows that in Rezina district 19% of springs are polluted with nitrogen compounds. Water of only 9% of springs is in conformity with the standard for drinking water. Water from 102 springs meets the requirements of irrigation that doesn’t present the risk of soil salinization (K > 18) – 1 383 L/min.

Nitrification is the oxidation of ammonia to nitrate, via nitrite and it occupies a central position within the global nitrogen cycle. Nitrifying bacteria are the organisms capable of converting the most reduced form of nitrogen, ammonia, to the most oxidized form, nitrate, but their activity is influenced by pollution level. Starting with the assumption that pollution of small internal water courses in the Republic of Moldova remained severe (phenols, detergents and copper regularly exceed the MACs) the work presented in the paper discusses the evolution of ammonia ions nitrification in the water of river Prut tributaries and its correlation with the content of pollutants in water: surface-active substances, Cu, BOD5, COD and other compounds.

OBJECTIVES: To understand factors associated with errors using an established paper-based early warning score (EWS) system. We investigated the types of error, where they are most likely to occur, and whether 'errors' can predict subsequent changes in patient vital signs. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected early warning system database from a single large UK teaching hospital. RESULTS: 16 795 observation sets, from 200 postsurgical patients, were collected. Incomplete observation sets were more likely to contain observations which should have led to an alert than complete observation sets (15.1% vs 7.6%, p

Background In Europe, almost a third of individuals infected with HIV do not benefit from healthcare until late in the course of their infection. It is well known that cerebral toxoplasmosis is one of the most common opportunistic neurological infections in AIDS patients, and it is typically observed in the later stages of HIV infection. Moreover, when critically ill HIV patients are admitted to ICUs the main risk factor for hospital mortality is severe sepsis.

The flocculating efficiency of two cationic polyelectrolytes with quaternary ammonium salt groups in the main chain, with different branching degrees, on a bentonitic clay suspension, in comparison with polyacrylamide (PAM) was followed. The cationic polymer with a smaller branching degree operated similar to PAM. In both cases a purification of 100% was achieved. When the cationic polymer with a higher branching degree was used, a stabilization effect on the suspension was observed. The flocculating activity of the mixtures of the cationic polymer and polyacrylamide was also studied. Die Flockenbildungswirksamkeit von zwei kationischen Polyelektrolyten mit quaternaren Ammoniumsalzen in der Kette und verschiedene Verzweigungsgraden wurde an einer Bentonit-Suspension untersucht und mit der von Polyacrylamid verglichen. Das kationische Polymere mit einem kleineren Verzweigungsgrad wirkt ahnlich wie Polyacrylamid und fuhrt zu einer Entfernung von 100% der Suspensionspartikel. Im Fall des kationischen Polymeren mit einem hoheren Verzweigungsgrad wird eine Erhohung der Stabilitat der Suspension bei sehr kleinen Konzentrationen (>0,2 mg/L) beobachtet. In gleicher Weise wurde die Flockenbildungswirksamkeit fur kationische Polymer/Polyacrylamid-Mischungen studiert.

The river network in the Republic of Moldova is the final receptor of most runoff and wastewater with insufficient treatment level. About 1/3 of pollutants, including ammonia compounds, still persist after treatment, is discharged into natural waters. In the preceding thousand years the course of all small rivers was straighten and basins where drainage. The self-purification process and oxidation of ammonia to nitrate by microorganisms has in their waters a low rate. This paper presents the results of researches that include laboratory modelling of the role of diverse substrates in biochemical oxidation of ammonia as a Pathway for Ammonia Removal from Aquatic Systems. The biomineralization process of ammonium ions was simulated in small rivers water in the presence of diverse substrates (polyethylene film, sandy soil, stone, gravel, active carbon). Biochemical transforming of nitrite produced by ammonia oxidation is reduced to nitric oxide, nitrous oxide and possibly to nitrogen gas. Particularly the gravel accelerates the rate of process more than 2-3 times.