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Background: The COVID-19 outbreak is currently the major public health concern worldwide. This infection, caused by the novel coronavirus Sars Cov2, primarily affects respiratory system, but there is increasing evidence of neurologic involvement and cerebrovascular accidents. Case Report: We present a case of stroke in a 62-year-old COVID-19-positive patient, with multiple vascular risk factors. The patient arrived 1 h after onset of symptoms, was treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) with improvement of neurologic deficits, and later developed right foot arterial ischemia (recanalized by balloon catheter angioplasty) and left arm superficial venous thrombosis. A control computed tomography (CT) scan 7 days after onset showed hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic lesion without mass effect. However, respiratory and neurologic conditions improved so that the patient was discharged to rehabilitation. Discussion: Until now, few cases of stroke in COVID-19 have been described, mainly in severe forms. This patient had ischemic injuries in different sites as well as venous thrombosis; hence, we speculate that Sars Cov2 could have a direct role in promoting vascular accidents since its receptor ACE2 is a surface protein also expressed by endothelial cells. This case suggests that COVID-19 can favor strokes and in general vascular complications, even in milder cases, and the presence of preexisting risk factors could play a determinant role.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background and Purpose: We aimed to investigate the rate of hospital admissions for cerebrovascular events and of revascularization treatments for acute ischemic stroke in Italy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Methods: The Italian Stroke Organization performed a multicenter study involving 93 Italian Stroke Units. We collected information on hospital admissions for cerebrovascular events from March 1 to March 31, 2020 (study period), and from March 1 to March 31, 2019 (control period). Results: Ischemic strokes decreased from 2399 in 2019 to 1810 in 2020, with a corresponding hospitalization rate ratio (RR) of 0.75 ([95% CI, 0.71–0.80] P

Background The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical and brain functional abnormalities in patients with mild Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and patients with amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). Methods we used resting spect-neuropsychology correlations method. Results We found that parieto-temporal associative cortex, mainly involving the inferior parietal lobule, posterior cingulate and middle temporal gyrus, is compromised early in AD. These results suggest that the dysfunction in these areas contributes to cognitive decline in the storage of verbal information, drawing abilities and non-verbal abstract reasoning in AD. The aMCI group showed hypoperfusion primarily involving the frontal areas bilaterally, and this correlated with the impairment in free delayed recall on a verbal memory task. Conclusion Our results underlie the clinical differences between AD and aMCI patients that might reflect the involvement of different degenerative mechanisms in these groups.

The consequences of neonatal anoxia (N2 100% for 25 min at 30 h after birth) on the rat hippocampus were studied 7-60 days postnatally with immunocytochemistry for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), parvalbumin (PV) and calbindin-D28k (CB). In both sham-treated and anoxic rats, GABA immunoreactivity presented a mature expression since early stages, while PV and CB immunoreactivity showed a major postnatal development. In anoxic animals, a significant reduction in the number of hippocampal GABA-immunoreactive neurons was observed at all time-points analysed, a transitory effect on PV immunoreactivity was seen at P7 and P21, while no modifications in the number of CB-immunoreactive neurons could be found. Thus, selective vulnerability of GABA-containing neurons and relative resistance of neurons in which PV or CB immunoreactivity is present or is expressed later, occur in the hippocampus after neonatal anoxia. The role of calcium binding proteins (CBP) in nerve cell protection is discussed.