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A arborização urbana desempenha importantes funções ecológicas, estéticas e ornamentais. O conhecimento das espécies arbóreas nativas e cultivadas de uma área urbana pode potencializar as chances de sucesso de ações de manejo e conservação. Neste sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento quali-quantitativo das espécies arbóreas da Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG), no município de Ibirité, e elaborar uma chave de identificação para as espécies. Os indivíduos com CAP ≥ 15 cm foram marcados com etiqueta enumerada, mensurados e identificados. Em uma área de dois hectares, foram inventariados 218 espécimes pertencentes a 64 espécies, 52 gêneros e 23 famílias, sendo 49,10% das espécies nativas, 45,45% cultivadas e 5,45% naturalizadas. As famílias mais representativas foram Arecaceae, com 14 espécies, Fabaceae (11), Bignoniaceae (6) e Anacardiaceae (4), sendo as demais famílias representadas por três ou menos espécies. Foram registradas espécies arbóreas importantes da flora brasileira, tais como Cedrela fissilis Vell. (cedro), espécie ameaçada de extinção, Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (jequitibá) e Hymenaea courbaril L. (jatobá). O conhecimento da flora arbórea da UEMG, Unidade Ibirité, permitirá o desenvolvimento de ações educativas que visem à conscientização e à conservação da biodiversidade, tendo em vista os benefícios sociais desencadeados pela diversidade da flora associada em áreas urbanas.

Comolia is a neotropical genus currently represented by 10 accepted species. Since the description of the genus, 47 names have been published within it. When investigating these names, we found that some of them needed to be typified. The aim of the present study was to provide the nomenclatural treatment for Comolia, including a list of all synonyms related to its species, typifications and nomenclatural comments, when necessary. Thirteen lectotypes and one neotype are designated here. Six names were lectotypified using two illustrations. In addition, we synonymized C. ovalifolia var. blanchetiana and C. ovalifolia var. denudata under C. ovalifolia, and we typified Melastoma rhexioides and exclude it from Comolia.

Este estudo visa ampliar o conhecimento sobre a família Melastomataceae na Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais e, consequentemente, agregar novos dados ao projeto “Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais”. Marcetieae é uma tribo recentemente descrita, representada no Brasil por 112 espécies e 18 gêneros, ocorrendo predominantemente na savana amazônica, cerrado, campo rupestre e, mais raramente, em ambientes florestais. Até o momento foram registradas na Serra do Cipó 15 espécies e seis gêneros, sendo Fritzschia o gênero mais representativo com seis espécies, seguido por Marcetia e Siphanthera com três espécies cada, e Aciotis, Acisanthera e Macairea com apenas uma espécie cada. São apresentadas chaves de identificação para os gêneros e espécies, descrições, pranchas de campo e notas taxonômicas, incluindo informações sobre distribuição geográfica e habitat.

Appendicularia is a neotropical genus of annual herbs, currently with four accepted species after a recent inclusion of three species that were formerly placed in Ernestia. However, during nomenclatural studies on Marcetieae, we observed that the combination A. rubra was mistaken, since its basionym Ernestia rubra belongs to the clade “Ernestia incertae sedis”. Here we exclude A. rubra from the genus, reinstating it to Ernestia, and consequently recognizing Appendicularia with three species. The type collections and nomenclatural comments are provided, as well as lectotypifications for A. thymifolia and E. rubra. Finally, Brachypremna has been listed as a synonym under Ernestia by previous treatments, but is synonymized here under Appendicularia.

—Fritzschia atropurpurea, an endemic new species from the Serra do Cipó, Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, is described and illustrated. This new species can be easily differentiated from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: hirsute-glandular trichomes covering the branches, petioles, leaves, bracteoles, pedicels, hypanthium, sepals, and the medial-apical portion of the right margin of the petals; membranaceous leaves with a dark purple abaxial surface; and long pedicels. Images from scanning electron microscopy, photos of the species in the field, a distribution map, and a key to identify the congeners that occur in the Serra do Cipó are presented. We suggest that if a formal assessment were performed, Fritzschia atropurpurea would probably be categorized as an Endangered (EN) species.

A Flora do Brasil 2020 e um projeto coordenado pelo Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, uma autarquia publica federal vinculada ao Ministerio do Meio Ambiente. Na primeira conferencia da ONU para meio ambiente (conhecida como Rio 92) foi criada a Convencao sobre a Diversidade Biologica (CDB). Esta convencao foi assinado por centenas de paises, inclusive o Brasil, com o claro objetivo de deter a perda da diversidade biologica no planeta. Uma decada depois foi estabelecida dentro da CDB a Estrategia Global para Conservacao de Plantas ou GSPC (sigla em ingles), com metas a serem entregues pelos paises signatarios da CDB a cada decada.O projeto Flora do Brasil 2020 foi idealizado em 2008 para que o Brasil fosse capaz de entregar a meta 1 estabelecida pela GSPC. Conta com a participacao de 979 taxonomistas de 224 instituicoes de 25 paises.

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) was established by the Conference of Parties in 2002 to decrease the loss of plant diversity, reduce poverty and contribute to sustainable development. To achieve this overarching goal, the GSPC has established a series of targets, one of which is to ensure that plant diversity is well understood, so that it can be effectively conserved and used in a sustainable manner. Brazil hosts more than 46,000 species of plants, algae and fungi, representing one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth, and playing a key role in the GSPC. To meet the GSPC goals of Target 1 and facilitate access to plant diversity, Brazil committed to preparing the List of Species of the Brazilian Flora (2008-2015) and the Brazilian Flora 2020 (2016-present). Managing all the information associated with such great biodiversity has proven to be an extremely challenging task. Here, we synthesize the history of these projects, focusing on the multidisciplinary and collaborative approach adopted to develop and manage the inclusion of all the knowledge generated though digital information systems. We further describe the methods used, challenges faced, and strategies adopted, as well as summarize advances to date and prospects for completing the Brazilian flora in 2020.

Premise of research. Phylogenetic analyses have shown that tribe Melastomateae is biphyletic, consisting of two nonsister clades, the core Melastomateae and the Marcetia alliance, both supported by molecular and morphological characters.Methodology. In this study, we describe the new tribe Marcetieae and revise its generic limits based on a molecular phylogeny and a reevaluation of morphological characters. A short description; notes on distribution, habitat, and taxonomy; and a list of species plus an identification key are presented for all accepted genera.Pivotal results. We propose the recognition of 19 genera in this tribe, including a new genus (Rostranthera) and the resurrection of Dicrananthera, Leiostegia, Noterophila, and Pseudoernestia.Conclusions. Ernestia and Macairea were not fully resolved either in the molecular phylogeny or morphologically, and these genera need additional sampling of taxa and molecular markers to define their generic limits.

Acisanthera is a genus of annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs that inhabit seasonal environments of the Neotropics. It is divided into four sections which include 22 accepted species and 17 varieties. Here, the nomenclatural history of the genus is reviewed since a species name was not assigned to the genus when it was first described. The collection of Patrick Browne later received three replacement names, which has generated different interpretations. The type collection and currently accepted names for all taxa of Acisanthera are provided.

The Marcetia alliance of Melastomataceae is an exclusively Neotropical group that includes at least 12 genera of mostly herbs and subshrubs, occurring in the cerrado of central Brazil and savannas of the Amazon region and Guayana highlands. This study aimed to test the monophyly of genera in the Marcetia alliance, evaluate their phylogenetic relationships and generic boundaries, and investigate morphological characters as potential synapomorphies for delimiting clades or genera. We used nuclear (ITS, ETS) and plastid (accD-psaI, atpH-atpF, trnS-trnG) DNA sequences of 107 terminals in 12 genera from the alliance. Aciotis, Fritzschia, Marcetia and Siphanthera were shown to be monophyletic and supported by molecular and morphological characters. Other genera with variable morphology and wider distributions, such as Acisanthera, Comolia, Ernestia and Macairea, were recovered as paraphyletic or polyphyletic. Most morphological characters analysed were found to be homoplastic, but when combined they are potentially useful for the diagnosis of genera and infrageneric groups. This study represents a major step in understanding internal relationships and provides the basis for a revision of the generic classification in the Marcetia alliance.

We evaluated the floristic and ecological attributes of a seasonal semideciduous forest remnant (SSF) (500-1,050 m) located in a key area for biodiversity conservation. The importance of the fragment to the ecosystem conservation was revealed by its species richness (253), diversity (Shannon index = 4.6; Simpson's complementary index = 0.98) and evenness (Pielou index = 0.83), which are considered high values for a SSF. Zoochory occurred in 77% of the species, indicating the existence of important biotic interactions that ensure the occurrence of gene flow. We recorded 14 endangered species, among which two are rare (Trigynaea oblongifolia and Trattinnickia ferruginea) and two are indicators of mature forests (Trattinnickia ferruginea and Virola bicuhyba). We confirmed the importance of key areas for biodiversity conservation and of the Atlantic SSF located at the 0-1,000 m altitudinal range. These areas deserve attention from conservationists due to the high species richness and high number of endemic and endangered species. RESUMO Avaliamos atributos florísticos e ecológicos de um remanescente de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual (FESD) (500-1.050 m) localizado em uma área-chave para conservação da biodiversidade. Evidenciamos a importância da conservação do fragmento devido à riqueza de espécies arbóreas (253), diversidade (Índice de Shannon = 4,6; Índice complementar de Simpson = 0,98) e equabilidade (Índice de Pielou = 0,83), que são considerados valores altos para uma FESD. A síndrome zoocórica representou 77% das espécies, sugerindo a existência de interações bióticas importantes para a manutenção do fluxo gênico. Registramos 14 espécies ameaçadas de extinção, dentre as quais duas raras (Trigynaea oblongifolia e Trattinnickia ferruginea) e duas indicadoras de florestas maduras (Trattinnickia ferruginea e Virola bicuhyba). Confirmamos a importância de áreas-chave para a conservação da biodiversidade e da FESD Atlântica localizada em cotas altitudinais de 0-1.000 m, a qual merece atenção dos conservacionistas por apresentarem alta riqueza de espécies e elevado número de espécies endêmicas e ameaçadas.

During a floristic survey of Melastomataceae carried out in Delfinópolis and Capitólio, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, a new species of Fritzschia was found. Fritzschia furnensis has stems peeling in thin, woody flakes, petiole 2–10 mm long, large leaf blades (23–38 × 10–29 mm) and an indumentum of glandular trichomes on the branches, petioles, leaves, bracteoles, pedicels, hypanthia, and sepals. The new species is regarded as endangered (EN) due to a restricted distribution, small populations and the destruction of its habitat.

Poteranthera (Melastomataceae) is a genus of small, annual herbs with narrow leaves, that inhabit humid savannas in South America and are visible only when in bloom. Due to their size and paucity of collections, the phylogenetic position of Poteranthera has been uncertain to this point. Poteranthera has been at times associated, confused, or placed in Acisanthera and/or Siphanthera . Phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequence data place Poteranthera unequivocally within the Microlicieae and not closely related to Acisanthera or Siphantera . These results are consistent with seed and anther morphology. Putative morphological synapomorphies for this genus are the glandular hairs restricted to the leaf margins and the apically constricted hypanthium. Based on morphology, Acisanthera leptalea seems better placed in Poteranthera and the new combination Poteranthera leptalea is made. An expanded generic description is also provided.