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The scientific study of Neolithic monuments holds fundamental keys to the analysis of early social complexity. This is often impeded by the challenges involved in understanding their temporality and, particularly, their initial construction dates. This problem is most severe in monuments that were not predominantly used for burial and went on to have long biographies in which activity in later periods obliterated the material record of the earliest phases. That was certainly the case of the Menga dolmen, part of the Antequera World Heritage site (Málaga, Spain), and one of the most remarkable megaliths in Europe, for which, after nearly 200 years of explorations and research, no firm chronology existed. The research presented in this paper shows how this problem was tackled through a multimethod, scientific, and geoarchaeological approach. The analysis of 29 fresh numerical ages, including radiocarbon determinations as well as optically stimulated luminescence, thermoluminescence, and uranium-thorium dates, led to the successful establishment of Menga's construction date and the subsequent contextualization of the monument within the social and cultural background it arose in. Placing the dolmen in the context of its time of “birth” introduces entirely new possibilities for its interpretation, both in terms of local and supralocal social and cultural processes.

Background: Psychosis is characterized by distortions of thinking and perception, as well as inappropriate emotions. In forensic settings, psychiatric mental health nurses are responsible for preventing violent behaviors through psychotherapeutic interventions. Objective: To characterize participants’ clinical situation based on the following variables: social performance, socially useful activities, personal and social relationships, disturbing and aggressive behavior, assertiveness, and early signs of aggression; and To assess the effectiveness of an intervention program for training social skills and reducing predictors of violence. Methodology: Pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 15 patients admitted to forensic psychiatric wards. Results: The intervention proved effective, with statistically significant changes in personal relationships, disturbing and aggressive behaviors, and early signs of aggression. Conclusion: Training social skills and self-control improved participants’ clinical indicators and psychosocial rehabilitation and contributed to better (re)integrating them into their families and communities., Marco contextual: La psicosis se caracteriza por distorsiones del pensamiento, de la percepción y de las emociones inapropiadas. En el contexto forense, es responsabilidad del enfermero especialista en salud mental y psiquiátrica prevenir las conductas violentas mediante intervenciones psicoterapéuticas. Objetivo: Caracterizar la situación clínica de los participantes en cuanto a las siguientes variables: funcionamiento social, actividades socialmente útiles, relaciones personales y sociales, comportamento disruptivo y agresivo, asertividad y signos tempranos de agresión. Evaluar la eficacia de un programa de intervención para entrenar las competencias sociales y reducir los predictores de violencia. Metodología: Estudio preexperimental, con diseño antes y después de la prueba con un único grupo, cuya muestra estaba compuesta por 15 pacientes ingresados en los servicios de psiquiatría forense. Resultados: El programa demostró ser eficaz y se observaron cambios estadísticamente significativos en las relaciones personales, el comportamiento disruptivo y agresivo, y los primeros signos de agresión. Conclusión: El entrenamiento de las competencias sociales y del autocontrol se tradujo en la mejora de los indicadores clínicos y en la rehabilitación psicosocial de los participantes, lo que contribuyó a una mejor (re)integración en la familia y la comunidad., Enquadramento: As psicoses são caraterizadas por distorções do pensamento, da perceção e emoções inadequadas. Em contexto forense, cabe ao enfermeiro especialista em saúde mental e psiquiátrica prevenir comportamentos violentos através de intervenções psicoterapêuticas. Objetivo: Caraterizar a situação clínica dos participantes relativamente às variáveis: funcionamento social, atividades socialmente úteis, relações pessoais e sociais, comportamento perturbador e agressivo, assertividade e sinais precoces de agressão; avaliar a eficácia de um programa de intervenção para treino de competências sociais e diminuição de preditores de violência. Metodologia: Estudo pré-experimental, com delineamento de pré e pós-teste com grupo único, cuja amostra foram 15 doentes internados em serviços de psiquiatria forense. Resultados: O programa demonstrou-se eficaz, observando-se mudanças estatisticamente significativa a nível das relações pessoais, dos comportamentos perturbadores e agressivos e dos sinais precoces de agressão. Conclusão: O treino de habilidades sociais e de autocontrolo traduziu-se na melhoria dos indicadores clínicos e na reabilitação psicossocial dos participantes, contribuindo para uma melhor (re)integração na família e na comunidade.

The Mediterranean basin constitutes one of the best areas to analyse Neanderthal populations and lifestyles in South-Western Europe. In this context, new excavations conducted in the Middle Palaeolithic site of Cova del Puntal del Gat expand the information available regarding this rich region. In this study, new results are reported, including detailed studies on stratigraphy, lithic technology, anthracology, carpology, and zooarchaeology and taphonomy of macro and micromammals, with the final objective of characterizing the Neanderthals’ subsistence strategies and occupational patterns. These results are framed within a broader regional study perspective that includes MIS 5 and 4 sites. Chronostratigraphic review has enabled us to reorganize many sites that were originally included in MIS 3, towards older stages belonging to the end of MIS 4 and throughout MIS 5. Le bassin méditerranéen constitue l’une des meilleures zones pour analyser les populations et les modes de vie néandertaliens dans le sud-ouest de l’Europe. Dans ce contexte, les nouvelles fouilles menées dans le site paléolithique moyen du Cova del Puntal del Gat élargissent les informations disponibles pour cette riche région. Nous rapportons ici les nouveaux résultats, y compris des études détaillées sur la stratigraphie, la technologie lithique, l’anthracologie, la carpologie, ainsi que la taphonomie et la zooarchéologie de macro- et micro-restes de mammifères, dans le but de caractériser les stratégies de subsistance des Néandertaliens et leurs modes d’occupation. Ces résultats s’inscrivent dans une perspective d’étude régionale plus large qui inclut des sites MIS 5 et 4. La révision chronostratigraphique nous a permis de réorganiser de nombreux sites qui étaient initialement inclus dans le MIS 3, vers des stades plus anciens appartenant à la fin du MIS 4 et tout au long du MIS 5. The research programme has been funded by Servei d’Investigació Prehistòrica and Museu de Prehistòria ordinary archaeological excavation campaigns and the projects Caracterización tecnológica y funcional de los elementos líticos apuntados durante el Paleolítico medio en la región central del mediterráneo ibérico (GV/2021/054) and PID2021-122308NA-I00 project funded by MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033/ and FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa. C2TN authors gratefully acknowledge the FCT (Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation) support through the UID/Multi/04349/2020 and Ana Luísa Rodrigues research work supported by postdoctoral grant SFRH/BPD/114986/2016.

The multidisciplinary analysis (dating, texture, total mineralogy) of two deep cores collected in the Donana National Park (SW Spain) allows to distinguish the main features of three tsunami deposits found in three different paleoenvironmental scenarios (TSU-1: inner area of an open lagoon; TSU-2: inner area of a restricted lagoon; TSU- 3: outer area of a restricted lagoon). The main textural feature of the inner lagoonal tsunami deposits is the increase in bioclastic sands, while the outer TSU-3 is composed almost entirely of medium and fine sands without bioclasts. The mineralogical analysis of TSU-1 and TSU-2 reveals a decrease in phyllosilicates in the basal layers of these tsunami deposits and a parallel increase of quartz, feldspars, dolomite and sometimes calcite. Silica is the main component of TSU-3, whose mineralogical composition changes progressively due to the action of tidal currents in the inlet lagoon on which it is deposited. This rich- SiO2 outer tsunami deposit is derived from the erosion of the adjacent aeolian systems, while the inner TSU-1 and TSU-2 were generated by the transport of bioclastic sands from the outermost parts through the lagoon (TSU-1), or through a nearby tidal channel (TSU-2).

The Doñana National Park is a Biosphere Reserve located within the estuary of the Guadalquivir River (SW Spain). It is mainly composed of extensive fluvio-tidal marshes partially protected by an elongated sandy spit. Three phases have been distinguished in the late Holocene evolution of this spit based on textural, geochemical, palaeontological and, chronological data recorded in a long core (31 m). Phase 1 (890 BCE-218 BCE) is characterized by the alternation of lagoonal silty sediments and slightly polluted marsh deposits, the latter with contamination from thousand-year-old mining. Phase 2 (218 BCE-90 CE) is characterized by several historical tsunamis, which caused the erosion of previous dune systems and the deposit of these sandy sediments on the adjacent bottom of the lagoon. Phase 3 (90 CE-Present) includes a regressive sequence (lagoonal bottom-marsh-dune system), with the pollution of lagoonal sediments due to Roman mining activities.

A contribution to the discussion about Vila Nova de São Pedro (VNSP) as a production centre of symbolic lithic artefacts, the origin of raw materials, as well the comparison with similar artefacts from other Chalcolithic sites are the major goals. For the first time, non-destructive analytical methods were employed to obtain a detailed chemical characterization of these remarkable artefacts. The results point to its production mainly with local raw material. This work enhances the understanding of the trade routes of raw materials and objects from the “production centre” of VNSP during the Chalcolithic.

The Tinto and Odiel rivers (SW Spain) drain from a vast sulfide mining district and join at a 20-km-long estuary that enters the Atlantic Ocean. In this work, the contents of rare earth elements (REE) and fractionation in Neogene–Holocene sediment cores from La Fontanilla cove (Tinto estuary) were studied. The sediments were collected from a depth of 18 m at different distances from the recent river flow and were analyzed for new information on the temporal development of the REE load in the sediment column. Results show that the å REE is higher in the finer sediments and during periods of mining activity from prehistoric to recent times. Marine influence appears to increase the light REE (LREE) relative to the heavy REE (HREE). The REE patterns of these estuarine sediments show convex curvatures in the MREE relative to the LREE and HREE, indicating the presence of acid-mixing processes between the fluvial waters affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) and seawater, as well as the precipitation of poorly crystalline mineral phases. Significant positive Eu anomalies were found in ebb-tide channels and marsh deposits, which can reflect the mineralogical composition and/or a strong localized salinity gradient combined with organic matter degradation. Sedimentological characteristics of the deposits appear to play the main role in accumulation and fractionation of the REE, Funds came from the Andalusian Government (groups RNM-238 and RNM-293), the town hall of Palos de la Frontera, and the FEDER 2014–2020 project UHU-1260298, which is a contribution to the Research Center in Historical, Cultural, and Natural Heritage (CIPHCN) of the University of Huelva. The C2TN/IST authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the FCT (the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation) through the UIDB/04349/2020 project and the post-doctoral grant SFRH/BPD/114986/2016

Background: Autism spectrum disorder implies adjustments in the daily care of the child. In this scenario, animal-assisted interventions seem to act as a facilitator in maintaining the quality of life of these individuals. Objective: To develop an animal-assisted intervention program for children with autism spectrum disorder (AAIPC-ASD). Methodology: Methodological study for the construction of a program of animal-assisted interventions, applicable to children with autism spectrum disorder, based on the model of complex interventions of the Medical Research Council that consists of four stages: identifying the evidence base, identifying/developing theory, modeling process, and assessing effectiveness. Results: The AAIPC-ASD development process has resulted in the construction of Version 1 of the program, consisting of the following items: program planning, session planning, implementation, field notes, and final evaluation. Conclusion: The structure of Version 1 of the AAIPC-ASD is aligned with the characteristics of its target group, based on primary field research data and updated bibliographic data. Its effectiveness and validation will be assessed in later stages., Marco contextual: El trastorno del espectro autista implica ajustes en el cuidado diario del niño. En este escenario, las intervenciones asistidas con animales parecen actuar como un facilitador para mantener la calidad de vida de estas personas. Objetivo: Desarrollar un programa modelo de intervenciones asistidas con animales aplicable a niños con trastorno del espectro autista (PIAAC-TEA). Metodología: Estudio metodológico para construir un programa de intervenciones asistidas con animales, aplicable a niños con trastorno del espectro autista, basado en el modelo de intervenciones complejas del Consejo de Investigación Médica, que consta de cuatro fases: identificación de la evidencia, identificación y desarrollo de la teoría, proceso de modelización, evaluación de la eficacia. Resultados: El proceso de desarrollo del PIAAC-TEA ha dado lugar hasta ahora a la construcción de la versión 1 del programa, que consta de los siguientes elementos: planificación del programa, planificación de la sesión, implementación, notas de campo y evaluación final. Conclusión: La versión 1 del PIACC-TEA presenta un formato alineado con las características de su público objetivo, basadas en los datos primarios de la investigación de campo y en la bibliografía actualizada. Su eficacia y validación se evaluarán en fases posteriores., Enquadramento: O transtorno do espectro autista implica adequações no quotidiano de cuidado da criança. Neste cenário, as intervenções assistidas por animais parecem atuar como facilitador na manutenção da qualidade de vida destes indivíduos. Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo de programa de intervenções assistidas por animais aplicável às crianças com transtorno do espectro autista (PIAAC-TEA). Metodologia: Estudo metodológico para a construção de um programa de intervenções assistidas por animais, aplicável às crianças com transtorno do espectro autista, baseado no modelo de intervenções complexas do Medical Research Council que consiste em quatro etapas: identificação da evidência, identificação e desenvolvimento da teoria, processo de modelagem, avaliação da eficácia. Resultados: O processo de desenvolvimento do PIAAC-TEA resultou, até ao momento, na construção da versão 1 do programa que consta dos seguintes itens: planeamento do programa, planeamento da sessão, implementação, notas de campo e avaliação final. Conclusão: A versão 1 do PIACC-TEA apresenta formatação alinhada às características do seu público-alvo, ancoradas em dados primários de investigação em campo e bibliográfica atualizada. A sua eficácia e validação será avaliada em etapas posteriores.

Portuguese museums and private collectors gather a variety of Italian glazed terracotta sculptures attributed to the della Robbia workshop, particularly active between the 15th and 16th centuries. Compositional studies of the paste using INAA, PGAA and XRD and enamel using PIXE, and luminescence protocols, were used as a tool to ascertain the attribution of the sculptures to della Robbia workshop. Geochemical and mineralogical patterns were defined enabling to express the production recipe. The luminescence ages were found to be between 1380 and 1640 in some cases with high uncertainties. The compositions of the blue glazes were proved to be similar to other measured on della Robbia sculptures from French and Italian collections based on cobalt pigments. Arsenic behaviour, which is associated to cobalt in most cobalt-minerals, is rather peculiar, as it was already found in other della Robbia sculptures enabling a chronological framework, pointing to a production after 1520. Based on the results, most of the analysed sculptures implies a della Robbia production, and only a few point to a composition and chronology not related with that workshop. Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia support through the UID/Multi/04349/2013 and PTDC/HIS/HEC/116742/2010 projects; H2020 CHARISMA funded (Grant Agreement no. 228330) project at Budapest Neutron Center; FB, MNAA, MNAz, FCG, MJ for sampling and field measurements. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The southwestern Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula presents an important Roman heritage that includes numerous fish-salting workshops, with an industrial activity that went on for almost a millennium (1st century BC-7th century AD). Nevertheless, a future broad research is still necessary to determine the geologic substratum on which they are based, their palaeoenvironmental evolution, their main economic objectives and the byproducts derived from their activities. This paper is focused on the geology, dating and the archaeological record of La Cascajera, a new site located in the Tinto-Odiel estuary (SW Spain). This new cetaria occupied the northwestern end of La Cascajera ridge (Saltés Island), constituted by sandy, bioclastic deposits of previous washover fans (1st-2th centuries AD). During the main period of activity (middle of 4th century AD-5th century AD), the existence of a certain typology of amphorae as well as the documentation of a shell deposit formed mostly by Glycymeris suggest that this factory was oriented to the production of mixed fish sauces and the handling of edible bivalves. The main features of this deposit (texture, paleontology, taphonomy) could be used to differentiate middens from natural shelly ridges, La costa suratlántica de la Península Ibérica posee un importante legado romano que incluye numerosos talleres halieúticos, con una actividad que se desarrolló durante casi un milenio (siglo I a.C.-siglo VII d.C.). Sin embargo, se precisan nuevas investigaciones que determinen el contexto geológico en el que se desarrollaron, su evolución paleoambiental, sus principales objetivos económicos y los subproductos derivados de sus actividades. Este trabajo se centra en la geología, datación y registro arqueológico de La Cascajera, un nuevo yacimiento localizado en el estuario de los ríos Tinto y Odiel (S.O. de España). Esta nueva cetaria ocupaba el extremo noroccidental de la cresta de La Cascajera (Isla de Saltés), constituida por depósitos bioclásticos arenosos de abanicos de derrame previos (siglos I-II d.C.). Durante su principal periodo de actividad (mitad del siglo IV d.C.-siglo V d.C.), la existencia de una cierta tipología de ánforas así como la existencia de un conchero formado principalmente por Glycymeris sugieren que esta factoría estaba dedicada a la producción de salsas mixtas de pescado y la extracción de bivalvos comestibles. Las principales características de este conchero (textura, paleontología, tafonomía) podrían ser usadas para diferenciar concheros de acumulaciones naturales de conchas, This work has been carried out through the project ́From the Atlantic to the Tyrrhenian. The hispanic ports and their commercial relations with Ostia Antica. DEATLANTIR II - HAR2017-89154-P - (Plan Nacional de I+D+i). Other funds have come from Andalusian Gouvernement (groups HUM-132, RNM-238 and RNM-293). It is a contribution to the Research Center in Historical, Cultural and Natural Heritage (CIPHCN) of the University of HuelvaThis work has been carried out through the project ´From the Atlantic to the Tyrrhenian. The hispanic ports and their commercial relations with Ostia Antica. DEATLANTIR II - HAR2017-89154-P - (Plan Nacional de I+D+i). Other funds have come from Andalusian Gouvernement (groups HUM-132, RNM-238 and RNM-293). It is a contribution to the Research Center in Historical, Cultural and Natural Heritage (CIPHCN) of the University of Huelva

A multidisciplinar analysis of sediments collected in diferent environments of the Doñana National Park (Guadalquivir estuary, SW Spain) provides an overview of the textural, mineralogical and physico-chemical parameters that control the distribution of benthic foraminiferal tests in this Biosphere Reserve. These microorganisms are absent in the fne quartzitic sands that constitute the substrate of temporary ponds with brief hydroperiods located in the dune systems and spits, as well as in other ponds with low conductivities or hypersaline conditions located in the inner marshlands or near the Guadalquivir river banks. Dead benthic foraminifera are mainly found on phyllosilicate-rich, silty-clayey substrates. The taphonomic analysis of the main species (Ammonia tepida, Haynesina germanica, Trochammina infata, Entzia macrescens) points to its deposit in situ. Cluster analysis permits to delimitate six foraminiferal assemblages. Cluster II (A. tepida+H. germanica) is the dominant assemblage in the central ponds and the margins of the main channels, while cluster IV (T. infata+E. macrescens) is restricted to some ponds located on the high marsh and cluster VI (Ammonia beccarii+Quinqueloculina spp.) is abundant on external beaches. Tidal fuxes cause the transport of these last marine benthic species and some plaktonic forms both to the inner areas of the estuary and to these beaches. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Com o envelhecimento da população e o aumento das respostas sociais, cada vez mais tem crescido a preocupação com a formação dos auxiliares formais, com o intuito de melhoria contínua da qualidade dos serviços que prestam aos idosos. O presente estudo pretende avaliar o impacto de um programa de apoio educativo a cuidadores formais de pessoas idosas com demência, em contexto institucional. Trata-se de um estudo com desenho quase-experimental, no qual participaram 97 auxiliares de ação direta, que foram posteriormente selecionados aleatoriamente para um programa de apoio educativo sobre demência, tendo -se constituído dois grupos: um grupo de controlo e um grupo experimental. Os principais resultados mostraram, de forma relativamente fiável, o impacto do programa de apoio educativo implementado aos cuidadores formais de pessoas idosas com demência. With the aging of the population and the increase of social services tackling their needs, it has been increasing the concern about the qualifications of formal caregivers, with the aim of continuous improvement of the quality of the services they provide to the elderly. The goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of an educational support program on formal caregivers of elderly people with dementia in an institutional context. It follows a quasi-experimental design where the 97 formal caregivers that have participated in the study came from two different institutions. They were randomly selected to participate in an educational support program on dementia, with two groups formed: a control group and an experimental group. Pre and post training tests were used to evaluate knowledge and perceptions about dementia in old age. Findings suggest that the impact of the educational support program has improved knowledge and perceptions about dementia in old age among formal caregivers.

The genesis and development of calcretes are discussed by using nuclear and related methods of analyses. In the studied calcrete, smectite is the main clay mineral associated with palygorskite. Chemical elements proportions, particularly V, U, Mn, Cu, Ba and REE, indicate a change to more oxidizing conditions and the contribution of bio-mediated processes in the oxalate-carbonate pathway, also confirmed by the presence of needle-fibre calcite. The proposed pathways leading to the studied calcrete development comprise both abiotic and biogenic genesis, emphasizing the polygenetic character due to different agents and processes and the paleoenvironmental trend towards aridification, with a transition between lacustrine and palustrine environments.

Old mine tailings from Northern and Central Portugal were studied in order to perform a radiological and chemical characterization. The evaluation of massic activity of natural radionuclides and concentrations in tailings of polymetallic and Ra/U mines was performed by gamma spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. Iron speciation was carried out by Mossbauer spectroscopy. In polymetallic tailings with physical ore processing (Cumieira and Verdes - exploited for Sn, Nb-Ta) higher contents of Th, 228Ra and 226Ra in the coarser materials occur, probably due to their presence in host rock and ore fragments. In finer tailings, washing may explain the lower 226Ra and 210Pb massic activity. In tailings with physical/chemical ore processing (Covas - exploited for W and Sn) high U contents and a tendency for higher 226Ra and 210Pb massic activity in the fine materials is observed, probably due to their incorporation in nano-sized particles of iron oxides. A high variation of the 210Pb/226Ra ratio occurs in polymetallic tailings; a deficit of 210Pb can be observed particularly in deposits of settling tanks drained from dumps of chemically treated ore. In Ervideira-Mestras tailings (Ra/U exploitation) where no ore process in situ was performed, a near equilibrium between 210Pb and 226Ra occurs. Dose risk assessment was carried out by calculating external outdoor Annual Effective Dose Rate; the dose rates in air due to terrestrial gamma radiation are low for the polymetallic tailings (

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Geochemistry of mudrock units deposited in the sedimentary basin of Algarve (South Portugal) during Mesozoic and Cenozoic depositional cycles were studied, aiming a better knowledge of the evolution of the Basin. Two types of mudrock units were found: (i) silicic and Ca-poor (Cretaceous and Cenozoic), and (ii) calcareous (Middle–Upper Jurassic Ca-rich mudrock units and Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic Mg-rich redbeds). LILE appear to be controlled by a K-bearing phyllosilicate, which is consistent with the abundant illite in the redbeds. Positive trends of: (i) Sc, Cr, Th, LREE with Al2O3 suggests their incorporation in clay minerals, and (ii) HREE with TiO2, Zr and Hf point to their presence in heavy minerals. The source area of the Algarve mudrock units was dominated by felsic rocks; features typical of a mafic source occur in some Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic samples. Carboniferous metasediments of the basement were probably the first order source for the Algarve sedimentary basin. A more severe weathering in the Cenozoic and Cretaceous mudrock units occurred, whereas diagenetic enrichment in potassium is observed in the Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic continental redbeds.

Current health guidelines aim to increase the responsibility of people with chronic conditions to self-care. Literature studies highlight educational programmes for self-management of chronic conditions as a holistic approach, involving special health needs and emotional, psychological and social needs. Lorig and Holman (with adults and the elderly population) and Malheiro (with adolescent’s with spina bifida) have proposed self-management educational programmes, using ‘Lay-leds’, as mentors on programmes. These programmes have proven effective, with positive health outcomes, such as improvement on adherence to therapy, functionality and decrease of use of emergency services and hospitalisations and reducing health costs. Thus, we propose to adapt and implement this education programme for self-management of adolescents with diabetes type 1, using Lay-leds as educators, and evaluate their effectiveness on self-management competences, quality of life, self-efficacy, physical activity motivation, self-concept, HbA1c, variability in heart rate, blood pressure, body mass index and anthropometric profile. Keywords: Self-management programme, adolescents, chronic conditions, Lay-leds.

Extrusive carbonatite ash tuff (Tantum) and spatter (Monte Miranda) deposits, and topsoils (incipient and shallow) from both sites of Brava Island (Cape Verde archipelago) were studied by neutron activation analysis, X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The ash tuff deposit near Tantum, here reported for the first time, corresponds to an extrusive calciocarbonatite with high W, Th, U and REE contents and a positive Eu anomaly. Similar REE patterns and W concentrations were also found in the spatter deposit of Monte Miranda. Magnetite is the major iron containing phase in both extrusive carbonatite deposits. High W and REE concentrations associated with the presence of calcite prevail in topsoils with extrusive carbonatite influence. In the topsoil developed on extrusive carbonatite ashes, magnetite is well preserved particularly in the coarser fractions probably due to the recent age of the parent material associated with the semi-arid climate of the island; a significant chemical heterogeneity of the whole samples as well as of the different size fractions of these topsoils was found, with an enrichment of Co, Zn, Ga, As, Br, Rb, Ce, and particularly Sb and W in the clay-size fraction, which may be relevant for the study of environmental health issues in Brava Island.

The elemental content&mdash, mainly trace elements&mdash, of samples from two boreholes (PLN, CM) with evidence of tsunamiites, located in the Do&ntilde, ana National Park (SW Spain), were studied. The geochemical variations of the REE, LILE, HFSE, and other elements (Al, Ti, S, Na, Br, Sc, Co, Cr) were interpreted according to the mineralogy present in the samples. The results obtained show the geochemical complexity of the estuarine paleoenvironments, in this case with the existence of three Holocene-age tsunamigenic deposits (around 4.25, 3.56 and 2.2&ndash, 2 kyr BP). The statistical analysis of the samples&rsquo, geochemistry, by means of linear correlation and factor analysis, made it possible to differentiate two associations. The first is representative of an inherited mineralogy (REE-Y-Rb-Sr-Cs-Th-U-Hf-Al-Ti-Co-Cr-Sc), the second includes elements (Br-Na) linked to mineral formation under evaporite conditions (halite). The trace element geochemistry of sediments thus becomes an excellent tool to identify tsunamiites in the studied zone, especially those elements that are clear proxies for marine incursions (Na, Br, Sr) and high energy events (Hf, Ti). The parent area of the provenance of the materials is mainly of felsic composition.

An interdisciplinary approach comprising archaeological, chemical, mineralogical, and luminescence data was applied to a better understanding of the fill dynamic and chronologies of a calcite-rich negative archaeological feature from Southern Portugal. This work aims to contribute to the assessment of the human involvement in the backfilling actions of a negative archaeological feature from a Chalcolithic site, thus better defining the moments of its destruction and/or abandonment. There are well-known limitations of luminescence dating of calcite-rich materials, particularly in the dose rate determination. In this work, a proposal of two innovative protocols to determine the dose rate of calcite-rich contexts is discussed. A clear improvement of the dose rate estimation was obtained by using the "radionuclide weighed" protocol. The comprehensive used methodologies enabled to define the infill phases and the sources of the infill materials. The luminescence profiling studies were also useful to describe the infill processes, highlighting their discontinuity and pointing to different deposition rates. The luminescence ages obtained, when using the "radionuclide weighed" protocol proposed in this work, are closer to the archaeological evidence of a Chalcolithic occupation. FCT (Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation)Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [UID/Multi/04349/2013, BL 36/2016_IST-ID, UID/GEO/04035/2013, PTDC-CS/ANT/104333/2008] FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/62396/2009, SFRH/BPD/114986/2016] info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Topsoils of pyroclastic materials collected on two volcanic conduits of the Cha das Caldeiras caldera of the oceanic Fogo Island (Cape Verde) were studied. Significant positive Eu anomalies were found in both pre-historic and historic cones, which together with the presence of jarosite, may be considered hydrothermal signatures that survived in this surficial semi-arid environment.

Topsoils developed on different lithologies of all the geological units of the volcanic Brava Island (Cape Verde archipelago) were studied by neutron activation analysis and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Sampling was performed according to the recommendations of the IGCP 259 (“International Geochemical Mapping”). Significant chemical contents variations were found even within the same volcano-stratigraphic unit, inherited from the parent rock composition under the semi-arid climate of the island. The chemical heterogeneity of topsoils within the same geological unit, particularly in the Upper Unit, was evidenced by a multivariate statistical analysis. Some differences found can be related with the geographical location/underlying basement. High contents of Mn, Co, Ga, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Ta, W, Th and U were observed in soils related to carbonatites and phonolites. REE and W can be used to trace outcrops of extrusive carbonatites. In general iron is strongly oxidized occurring in the silicates structure as well as in hematite, oxidized magnetite and maghemite. The global iron oxidation degree, the fraction of Fe 3+ in silicates and the fraction of nanosized oxides, which are higher in topsoils of the older units, may be an indicator of weathering degree. As, Br and Sb contents were also found to increase with weathering. Topsoils developed on extrusive carbonatites are clearly distinguished due to the absence of Fe 2+ in the silicate phases and the remarkable predominance of low oxidized magnetite.

In 2015 an extraordinary hydrometeorological event occurred in the southern Atacama Desert (northern Chile) that resulted in a catastrophic flood in the city of Copiapo. A large volume of detrital sediments was transported downstream, provoking an economic and environmental disaster in the Copiapo Valley, a region dominated by mining activity. Loads of sediment and residues were moved by the flow and deposited throughout the urban area of Copiapo. The current study explores the geochemical features and associated pollution risks of metal(loid)s in sediments collected in different points of the city after the flood event. Results revealed that, despite the high natural concentration of elements due to geogenic chemical composition of the area, geoaccumulation of Al, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb showed moderate contamination when compared to the background concentrations of the area. Furthermore, Hg, originating from legacy mining practices, constituted the main environmental risk associated with the flood sediments. Finally, data from this study were compared to other flood events and mining spills; some contaminants in the 2015 flood sediments in Copiapo were higher than some historical mining disasters. This work highlights the potential intersection between anthropogenic activities (mining) and extreme hydrometeorological events (floods) in arid environmental degraded areas.

Intrusive carbonatites from a fluvial valley near Monte Almada (Fogo Island, Cape Verde), corresponding to the oldest unit of the island (≈4.5 Ma) occur under alkaline lavas and tuffs of more recent age in two slopes, with a very steep inclination. Its exposure with the water line fitting led to the weathering of the outcrops, and the materials are currently retained in small terraces with shrubs and trees. The motivation that drives this work was the absence of paleoweathering materials studies of these carbonatites in Fogo Island. Mineralogical and chemical analyses of paleoweathered carbonatites samples with different weathering degrees were performed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The results obtained from fresh rock to near paleosurface samples showed that chemical contents could vary significantly in the fresh rock, particularly the trace elements, including the rare earth elements (REE), as well as in the size fractions. Besides calcite, pyroxenes and phyllosilicates, traces of anatase and K-feldspars also occur in the

A lacustrine carbonate facies has been investigated in Middle Miocene successions of the western side of the Moura-Marmelar basin, Southern Portugal in order to evaluate paleoenvironments in which carbonates formed, by using geochemistry and mineralogy. The studied formation corresponds to a recent unearthed section of a calcrete with an homogeneous carbonate facies comprising fine, whitish, and powdery material, and the only detected difference is a slightly hardness decrease towards the top, as well as an increase of weathered rock fragments (schist). The calcrete is calcium rich, even some magnesium enrichment was observed at the middle level, which is differentiated by a general depletion of all chemical elements, particularly REE, in both the bulk and clay-size fraction. Regarding the mineralogy, calcite prevails, and dolomite is only present in the middle level of the calcrete, together with a smectite enrichment, suggesting changes to more alkaline and low drainage, lacustrine and arid to semi-arid conditions.