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Introduction. Assessment of tissue regeneration, including that at the cellular and subcellular levels, appears to be one of the important trends in the complex treatment of patients with extensive burns. It is known that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) contribute to tissue restoration and regeneration through paracrine effects or direct cell differentiation, being a central component of post-burn anemia recovery and capable of forming not only blood cells, but also other types of cells. Notably, the role of these cells in burn injury has not been studied yet.The aim of the study was to investigate in dynamics the content of hematopoietic stem cells of different phenotypes in patients with extensive burns in the process of complex treatment. Methods. Hematopoietic stem cells and their subpopulations in peripheral blood samples were analyzed on a FACSCalibur flow cytometer (Becton Dickinson, USA) using the CellQuest program and CD45/CD34/CD38 and CD45/CD34/CD133 monoclonal antibody panels (BD, USA). The results obtained were statistically processed using the GraphPad Prism 7.0 program (USA), results were considered statistically significant at p0.05.Results. Hematopoietic stem cells and their subpopulations were studied at different stages of the complex treatment in 25 patients with a large burn area, ​​more than 30% of the body surface. The comparison group consisted of 15 healthy volunteers. Upon admission to the Burn Center, a group of severely burned patients revealed a significant deep deficiency of both total HSCs CD45+34+ (p=0.0002) and their subpopulations CD45dim34+38+ (p=0.019), with predominantly early precursors of hematopoiesis CD45dim34+38- (p=0.0001) and CD45dim34+133+ (p=0.0002). In the course of the complex treatment, including surgical necrectomy and autodermoplasty of burn wounds, there was observed normalization of total HSCs CD45+34+ (0.050.012%, p=0.031) and a subpopulation of early HSCs CD45dim34+38- (0.0390.009%, p=0.016) in 20 days of treatment in the group of burn patients. There was a significant increase of mature CD45dim34+133- HSCs (p=0.0380) as a result of treatment, while the deficit of the more differentiated population of CD45dim34+38+ HSCs did not fully recover (p=0.272).Conclusion. The firstly detected modulations in the content of hematopoietic stem cells of different phenotypes in patients with extensive burns may reflect the state of compensatory-adaptive reactions of hematopoiesis in the course of the complex treatment. The data obtained may support the predictive use of HSC subcellular markers to assess the regenerative potential in burn wounds healing, including that during staged surgical treatment and autodermoplasty, and to predict the development of local and general complications of burn disease.

BACKGROUND: Biological systems of all levels of organization are characterized by the rhythm of functioning processes, which are one of the fundamental properties of living matter. The complex of circadian rhythms of mammals, being genetically determined, is quite plastically modulated by the action of periodic factors of the external and internal environment. Significant factors in the disorganization of biorhythms in the modern world include a violation of the light-dark regime, so-called light pollution. Alcohol abuse remains one of the most important medical and social problems of modern society. One of the important effects of alcohol is its destructive effect on the circadian rhythms of many physiological processes. AIM: The aim of the research was to study the influence of constant lighting, chronic alcohol intoxication and joint effect of these factors on the diurnal dynamics of several biochemical parameters in Wistar rats of both sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 200 and 160 female outbred Wistar rats at the age of 6 months, weighing 350 15 g. Rats were divided into 8 groups. 1st group (control ♂) is kept at fixed light regime (light/dark 10:14 hours with lights on at 8:00 and off at 18:00). 2nd group, males (n = 50) is kept under the same conditions as the control, but receives a 15 % aqueous solution of ethanol ad libitum as a drink instead of water, i.e. is subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Group 3, males (n = 50) are kept under constant light. The 4th group, males (n = 50) are also kept under constant illumination and receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum as a drink. Group 5 (control ♀) females (n = 40), are kept at a fixed light regime (light/dark 10:14 am with lights on at 8:00 and off at 18:00). The 6th group, females (n = 40) are kept under the same conditions as the control, but receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum instead of water as a drink, i.e. subjected to chronic alcohol intoxication. Group 7, females (n = 40) are kept under constant light. The 8th group, females (n = 40) are also kept under constant light and receive 15 % aqueous ethanol solution ad libitum as a drink. In the blood samples taken at 9:00, 15:00, 21:00 and 3:00 hours the content of AST, ALT, glucose, total protein, albumin, total and direct bilirubin was measured. The reliability of circadian rhythmicity of studied parameters was assessed with use of cosinor analysis. RESULTS: It is established that the chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and joint action of this factors lead to similar changes in biochemical parameters in rats of both sexes, but in female rats the level of AST, total and direct bilirubin changes as a result of three weeks of intoxication, which is not observed in males. In turn, both individual and joint effects of chronic alcohol intoxication and dark deprivation lead to significant changes in rhythmostasis in rats, however, circadian rhythms of total protein, as well as both types of bilirubin, are more resistant to dark deprivation in females than in males. CONCLUSIONS: The conducted study testifies that a three-week chronic alcohol intoxication causes more significant changes in the biochemical profile in female rats compared to males. At the same time, the studied circadian rhythms of the biochemical parameters of the organism of females turn out to be more resistant to dark deprivation than those of males, being destroyed only under the combined action of chronic alcohol intoxication and constant illumination.

BACKGROUND: Violation of the lighting regime, as well as alcohol abuse, is significant factors in the disorganization of biorhythms in the modern world. Violation of rhythm leads to a mismatch of body functions, as a result to disadaptation, the occurrence of desynchronosis and the development of a number of socially significant diseases. AIM: Study of influence of constant lighting, chronic alcohol intoxication and joint action of these factors on diurnal dynamics of several electrolytes in blood of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 160 male of Wistar outbred stock at age of 6 months, with body weight of 300 20 g, which were divided into 4 groups. Control group animals, which were kept under conditions of fixed light regime (light:darkness = 10:14 hours), I group animals, which were kept under conditions of fixed light regime, but received a 15% water solution of ethanol as a drink, II group animals, which were kept under conditions of constant light regime, III group animals, which were kept under conditions of constant light regime and received a 15% water solution of ethanol as a drink. In blood samples, taken at 9:00, 15:00, 21:00 and 3:00 oclock, the concentration of total calcium, potassium, sodium, chlorine and phosphorus was measured. The reliability of circadian rhythmicity was determined through cosinor analysis. RESULTS: The increase in the concentration of phosphorus in the blood plasma of animals of II and III experimental groups was found with the decrease in the concentration of total calcium in animals of I and III experimental groups. Constant lighting and chronic alcohol intoxication affect the amplitude-phase characteristics of the circadian rhythms of all studied ions, and the combined action of these factors causes the destruction of the circadian rhythms of the studied electrolytes. CONCLUSIONS: It is established that the three-weeks-long influence of the studied chronodestructors leads to disruptions in metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, which are the most pronounced at joint action of darkness deprivation and chronic alcohol intoxication, and also to the significant disruptions in the structure of CRs of all of studied substances.

The research goal is to analyze the existing and most frequently used methods and competency-based approaches to distance learning of a foreign language. The tasks are formulated to achieve the goal. They involve classifying the methods of foreign language teaching based on the competency approach and identifying the effective methods. The methodological basis of this research includes methods of analyzing the practical experience of foreign language teaching based on a competency-based approach, synthesis of national and international experience, comparison of national models of the language environment, and generalization of sociological data. As a result of the conducted research, it has been revealed that among various methods, approaches related to information and communication technologies [ICT] are utilized most often. We believe that when teachers conduct courses using synchronous computer-mediated communication [SCMC] tools or platforms, students should be given opportunities to express their opinions. Most teachers recognize the creation of instructional videos as the most effective. According to the students, this type of activity also has the greatest learning effect and stimulates creativity. The scientific novelty of the research is the study of foreign language teaching methods based on a competency-based approach within the framework of online distance learning and the relationship of all interested parties, in other words, teachers, students, and educational institutions.

Raman spectroscopy and magnetic properties of the natural single crystalline diamonds irradiated with high fluences of fast reactor neutrons have been investigated. Raman spectra transformations were studied in the range from moderate levels up to radiation damage leading to diamond graphitization. The selection of fast neutrons irradiated diamonds for magnetic measurements was carried out according to Raman scattering data on the basis of the intensity criterion and the spectral position of the “1640” band. It was found that in natural diamonds irradiated with neutrons with an extremely high subcritical fluence F = 5 × 1020 cm−2, the transition from a diamagnetic to a ferromagnetic state is observed at the Curie–Weiss temperature of ≈150 K. The energy of the exchange magnetic interaction of uncompensated spins is estimated to be ≈1.7 meV. The differential magnetic susceptibility estimated from the measurements of magnetic moment for temperature 2 K in the limit of B ≈ 0 is χdiff ≈ 1.8 × 10−3 SI units. The nature of magnetism in radiation-disordered single-crystal hydrogen- and metal-free natural diamond grains was discussed.

The necessity of using information technologies in teaching a foreign language is considered. It is explained why it is important for a specialist in the field of education to navigate the Internet space. The main distinguishing features of a multimedia interactive computer environment, the capabilities of modern computer and communication technologies, the criteria characteristic of the computer environment, the possibilities of the Internet space in education are revealed. didactic properties of information and communication technologies, such as: a) multilingualism and multiculturalism of information Internet resources; b) multi-level information Internet re-sources; c) variety of functional types of Internet resources; d) multimedia resources; e) hypertext structure of documents; f) the possibility of creating a personal zone of the user; g) the possibility of organizing synchronous and asynchronous communication; h) the possibility of automating the processes of information and methodological support and organizing the management of educational activities of students and its control. These functions will significantly enrich the language and cultural practice of students, as well as create conditions for the development of skills for independent learning activities of students, the implementation of pedagogical learning technology in cooperation, development of an individual educational trajectory. Two main approaches to online learning (synchronous and asynchronous) and their main advantages and disadvantages are considered. Examples are given of how online resources can be used in teaching, which helps to increase the level of motivation in children and greatly helps the teacher in preparing for training sessions.

В статье затрагивается вопрос об адаптационном процессе новых сотрудников в образовательных учреждениях. Акцентируется внимание на необходимости в представлении коллективу нового сотрудника, его правильном курировании (наставничестве) в первые месяцы работы и проведении совместных мероприятий, направленных на увеличение командного духа, сплоченность и психологическую разгрузку. Выявляется взаимосвязь между длительностью адаптационного процесса от построения грамотного внедрения нового сотрудника в уже сложившийся коллектив. При помощи опросника проведено исследование по вопросу адаптационного процесса новых сотрудников. В исследовании принимали участие 25 респондентов- сотрудники государственных образовательных учреждений. Результаты исследования показали, что современным менеджерам необходимо уделять должное внимание адаптационным процессам новых сотрудников, т. к. бесконтрольное внедрение зачастую приводит к постоянной смене кадров, что негативно отражается на результативности работы любого коллектива. Цель – выявить недостатки в адаптационном процессе образовательных учреждений и определить способы их минимизации. Метод или методология проведения работы: в соответствии с намеченной целью и изученной научной литературой нами был определен и использован метод опроса и анкетирования. Результаты: в результате исследования сформированы конкретные рекомендации по улучшению адаптационного процесса новых сотрудников в образовательных учреждениях. Область применения результатов: полученные результаты могут быть применены в образовательных учреждениях любого уровня для улучшения адаптационного процесса.

The analysis of literature data and our published results of examination of patients with a wide range of pathological processes was carried out. It has been established that polar changes in reactivity provoke the development of immune-dependent ones, which include primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, auto-aggressive and immunocomplex diseases, or immunoassociated purulent-inflammatory, nonspecific inflammatory lung diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, in which suppression and stimulation of reactivity is a pathogenetic mechanism for normalizing homeostasis, depending on the links of the immune system, doses of antigens, the initial state of protective functions, phases of the immune response, etc. Keywords: Stimulation. Suppression. Immunodeficiency

The aim of the research was to study the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication and constant il-lumination on the circadian rhythms (CR) of some parameters of the cardiovascular system in rats separately, as well as to study the rhythms of these parameters under the combined action of chronic alcohol intoxication (CAI) and constant illumination. It was found that chronic alcohol intoxication CAI at a fixed light regime causes a decrease in heart rate, an increase in SBP and PP; no changes were noted at CAI under constant lighting. At the same time, constant illumina-tion without ethanol exposure results in a decrease in heart rate and an increase in PP. At the same time, CAI with a fixed light regime leads to the destruction of CR of all parameters, except for MBP; at constant illumination with CAI no circadian rhythms of HR, DBP, PP and MBP are detected. Constant illumination leads to the destruction of the CR of PP. Among the remaining CRs, the heart rate rhythm, which is extant in the second group, persists practically unchanged, but the characteristics of all other CRs change significantly in comparison with control.

The effect of chronic alcohol intoxication on the daily rhythm of micromorphometric parameters characterizing the morphological and functional state of the liver is studied on 80 male Wistar rats of 6 months age, divided into 2 equal groups. The first group served as control; rats of the second group (experiment) were kept under similar conditions but got as a drink a 15% ethanol solution ad libitum instead of water. After three weeks of the experiment, animals were euthanized consistently at four-time points during the day. The pathomorphological study of the liver was carried out, the daily dynamics of the nucleus and cell (by area and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR)), ploidy of mononuclear hepatocytes, and the proportion of binuclear hepatocytes were measured. The reliability of circadian rhythm (CR) was determined by cosinor analysis. The study indicates complex changes in the organization of rhythmostasis in the experiment. The chrono-destructive effect of experimental alcohol intoxication on the CR of the cell and NCR, as well as the chronomodulating effect to the CR of the nucleus are established. The effect of ethanol on the CR of ploidy and the number of binuclear hepatocytes, as well as on the nature of their variation at the studied time points is established. An increase in the ploidy of hepatocytes and an in the number of binuclear cells is revealed, which indicates the beginning of the deployment of adaptive-compensatory reactions in the organ.

To clarify the obscure hydrolysis mechanism of ubiquitous P-loop-fold nucleoside triphosphatases (Walker NTPases), we analysed the structures of 3136 catalytic sites with bound Mg-NTP complexes or their analogues. Our results are presented in two articles; here, in the second of them, we elucidated whether the Walker A and Walker B sequence motifs-common to all P-loop NTPases-could be directly involved in catalysis. We found that the hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) between the strictly conserved, Mg-coordinating Ser/Thr of the Walker A motif ([Ser/Thr]supWA/sup) and aspartate of the Walker B motif (AspsupWB/sup) are particularly short (even as short as 2.4 ångströms) in the structures with bound transition state (TS) analogues. Given that a short H-bond implies parity in the pKa values of the H-bond partners, we suggest that, in response to the interactions of a P-loop NTPase with its cognate activating partner, a proton relocates from [Ser/Thr]supWA/supto AspsupWB/sup. The resulting anionic [Ser/Thr]supWA/supalkoxide withdraws a proton from the catalytic water molecule, and the nascent hydroxyl attacks the gamma phosphate of NTP. When the gamma-phosphate breaks away, the trapped proton at AspsupWB/suppasses by the Grotthuss relay via [Ser/Thr]supWA/supto beta-phosphate and compensates for its developing negative charge that is thought to be responsible for the activation barrier of hydrolysis.

Although P-loop fold nucleoside triphosphatases (also known as Walker NTPases) are ubiquitous, their catalytic mechanism remains obscure. Based on a comparative structural analysis of 3136 Mg-NTP-containing catalytic sites, we propose a common scheme of activated catalysis for P-loop NTPases where a hydrogen bond (H-bond) between the strictly conserved, Mg-coordinating Ser/Thr of the Walker A motif ([Ser/Thr]WA) and the conserved aspartate of the Walker B motif (AspWB) plays the key role. We found that this H-bond is very short in the structures with bound transition state (TS) analogs. We suggest that the proton affinities of these two residues reverse in the TS so that the proton relocates from [Ser/Thr]WA to AspWB. The anionic [Ser/Thr]WA withdraws then a proton from the (catalytic) water molecule, and the nascent hydroxyl anion attacks gamma-phosphate. When the gamma-phosphate group breaks away, the trapped proton relays from AspWB, via [Ser/Thr]WA, to beta-phosphate and compensates for its developing negative charge.

Nowadays, in the system of scientific and practical knowledge, the question of developing the functional condition of students with HIA remains little studied. The article considers the important problem of health-saving technologies by means of introducing a unified methodology with the use of sports board games into the educational process of students assigned to a special medical group. The significance of the study is due to the fact that this unified technique is available to students in all types of pathologies, solves the problems of inclusive education, helps to increase motor activity, and as a result, it positively affects the functional indicators of the body of students of special medical groups (SMG). The study involved 406 students (17-20 years old). The experiment consisted of 3 stages. At each stage, the functional state of the condition was examined and the dynamics of the indicators for the Rufier Sample and Body Mass Index were monitored. The validity of the differences in the experimental data obtained at the 3 stages of the experiment was checked by: average arithmetic, percentage increase, Mann-Whitney U-criterion. The study showed that the applied technique is suitable for students with any type of deviations in the state of health and improves their functional condition of the body.

In 1986, Vladimir Skulachev and his colleagues coined the term "Sodium World" for the group of diverse organisms with sodium (Na)-based bioenergetics. Albeit only few such organisms had been discovered by that time, the authors insightfully noted that "the great taxonomic variety of organisms employing the Na-cycle points to the ubiquitous distribution of this novel type of membrane-linked energy transductions". Here we used tools of bioinformatics to follow expansion of the Sodium World through the evolutionary time and taxonomic space. We searched for those membrane protein families in prokaryotic genomes that correlate with the use of the Na-potential for ATP synthesis by different organisms. In addition to the known Na-translocators, we found a plethora of uncharacterized protein families; most of them show no homology with studied proteins. In addition, we traced the presence of Na-based energetics in many novel archaeal and bacterial clades, which were recently identified by metagenomic techniques. The data obtained support the view that the Na-based energetics preceded the proton-dependent energetics in evolution and prevailed during the first two billion years of the Earth history before the oxygenation of atmosphere. Hence, the full capacity of Na-based energetics in prokaryotes remains largely unexplored. The Sodium World expanded owing to the acquisition of new functions by Na-translocating systems. Specifically, most classes of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are targeted by almost half of the known drugs, appear to evolve from the Na-translocating microbial rhodopsins. Thereby the GPCRs of class A, with 700 representatives in human genome, retained the Na-binding site in the center of the transmembrane heptahelical bundle together with the capacity of Na-translocation. Mathematical modeling showed that the class A GPCRs could use the energy of transmembrane Na-potential for increasing both their sensitivity and selectivity. Thus, GPCRs, the largest protein family coded by human genome, stem from the Sodium World, which encourages exploration of other Na-dependent enzymes of eukaryotes.

Purpose. We study the effect of chronic alcohol intoxication on some biochemical and hematological parameters of the mammalian organism and the structure of the daily dynamics of these parameters. Procedure and research methods. The daily dynamics of biochemical and hematological parameters in one-year-old female Wistar rats is compared at norm and in the condition of chronic alcohol intoxication. Results of the study. It is found that chronic alcohol intoxication leads a number of significant changes in the biochemical and hematological profile of rats. Chronotoxicity of alcohol in the applied dosage in relation to the circadian rhythms of a significant part of the studied parameters is revealed. Theoretical / practical significance. New data on the negative effect of alcohol on the mammalian organism, represented by its chronotoxic effect, are obtained.

Despite the multifaceted study of television journalism "perestroika", researchers have not paid much attention to deep analysis of the creative development of Oksana Pushkina as a journalist. Bridging this scientific gap is important for modern television journalism, because the main emphasis in the works is on the well-known program "Women's View with Oksana Pushkina", but its materials have not been considered for the most part until that time. We see only the flowering of the work of a journalist, and for the younger generation of this profession it is important to trace the path of its formation in the conditions of gradual publicity of the media in Russia.

The features of the diurnal dynamics of the area of rat hepatocyte nuclei and their ploidy were studied under conditions of a standart (fixed) light regime and constant illumination, as well as under chronic exposure to alcohol in the mentioned light regimes. It has been shown that exposure to alcohol and exposure to constant illumination separately lead to a change in the amplitude-phase characteristics of the circadian rhythm of the nucleus area, while the combined effect of these factors leads to a complete destruction of the rhythm, which indicates a violation of adaptation processes. An increase in the average ploidy of hepatocyte nuclei in chronic alcohol intoxication is also shown, while in animals kept under constant illumination without drinking alcohol, the values of this parameter decrease, which indicates a successful course of the adaptation process. The conducted research indicates that the results of karyometric and ploidometric analysis characterize the degree of influence of alcohol intoxication and changes in the light regime on the liver of rats, reflecting the rate of efficiency of adaptation to these factors.

A study of the influence of chronic alcohol intoxication, constant illumination and their combined effects on the morphofunctional state of the rat liver and the circadian rhythms (CR) of the studied parameters of the organism was carried out. It was found that both alcohol and constant illumination caused significant changes in the structure of the liver, as well as in the circadian rhythmicity of micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, ALT, and total and direct bilirubin rhythms; however, the combined effects of ethanol and constant illumination had the most significant effect on the studied parameters of the organism. These two factors caused disturbances in the circadian rhythms of the micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes, disruption of the circadian rhythms of total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, and direct and total bilirubin, as well as disturbances in the expression and rhythmicity of the studied clock genes against a background of the development of an inflammatory process in the liver.

The review focuses on the pathogenetic mechanisms of ethanol influence on the development of oxidative stress (OS) and endothelial dysfunction (ED). It is shown that both in acute and chronic alcohol intoxication, the intake of ethanol in the body initiates the development of OS, the formation of reactive oxygen species, causes a decrease in the content of endothelium-derived relaxing factors (nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin, endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factor (EDHF)), an increase in the concentration of endothelium-derived constricting factors (endothelin, angiotensin-II), thereby causing the development of ED. When alcohol is consumed in small doses by healthy non-drinkers, ethanol can act as an antioxidant, cause the neutralization of reactive oxygen species, promote the formation of NO, and prevent the formation of ED. Currently used methods for evaluating ED allow us to characterize the functional state of the endothelium. Structural changes in the blood vessel wall as a manifestation of ED in alcoholic disease are not sufficiently described, which indicates the need to study them using modern histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic methods.

The P-loop fold nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) hydrolases (also known as Walker NTPases) function as ATPases, GTPases, and ATP synthases, are often of medical importance, and represent one of the largest and evolutionarily oldest families of enzymes. There is still no consensus on their catalytic mechanism. To clarify this, we performed the first comparative structural analysis of more than 3100 structures of P-loop NTPases that contain bound substrate Mg-NTPs or their analogues. We proceeded on the assumption that structural features common to these P-loop NTPases may be essential for catalysis. Our results are presented in two articles. Here, in the first, we consider the structural elements that stimulate hydrolysis. Upon interaction of P-loop NTPases with their cognate activating partners (RNA/DNA/protein domains), specific stimulatory moieties, usually Arg or Lys residues, are inserted into the catalytic site and initiate the cleavage of gamma phosphate. By analyzing a plethora of structures, we found that the only shared feature was the mechanistic interaction of stimulators with the oxygen atoms of gamma-phosphate group, capable of causing its rotation. One of the oxygen atoms of gamma phosphate coordinates the cofactor Mg ion. The rotation must pull this oxygen atom away from the Mg ion. This rearrangement should affect the properties of the other Mg ligands and may initiate hydrolysis according to the mechanism elaborated in the second article.

A separate and combined effect of constant illumination and chronic alcohol intoxication (CAI) on diurnal dynamics of micromorphometric parameters of hepatocytes in female Wistar rats and p53, Ki-67, PER2, BMAL1, and ADH5 expression in these cells were studied. The increase in apoptotic activity and proliferation in all animals under the action of chronodestructors is shown. All experimental animals showed a decrease in BMAL1 expression and increase in PER2 expression; ADH5 is overexpressed under the influence of ethanol. Circadian rhythms (CRs) of BMAL1, PER2, p53, and Ki-67 expression persist in all groups, except combined action of chronodestructors, and ADH5 CRs persist in all groups—thus, these rhythms in females are quite stable. CRs of the hepatocyte nuclei area are preserved in all the studied groups, although they undergo a significant shift. At the same time, the CRs of the hepatocyte area are destroyed under the action of light, both independently and in combination with CAI, and the CR of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (NCR) is destroyed by exposure to CAI. It can be assumed that CRs of the hepatocyte area are significantly affected by dark deprivation and NCR rhythm is sensitive to ethanol consumption, while the stability of studied genes’ expression rhythms at separate influences of studied chronodestructors is maintained by yet unknown adaptation mechanisms. It is necessary to note that, according to our previous studies of male rats, rat females show significantly greater stability of the studied CRs.

The article touches upon the question of the relationship between proper nutrition and physical activity. A study of the nutritional status and lifestyle of students was carried out. The assessment was carried out according to several criteria: the daily diet and its components (this gave an idea of the substances that the body may lack), bad habits and the degree of employment in work or educational activities. The results of the study showed that there is a direct relationship between adequate nutrition and physical activity. Practical recommendations for adjusting the daily diet are given. Attention is focused on food products containing the greatest amount of vitamins and minerals, which, according to the results of the research, were not enough for students.

The emergence of a “green economy” is now one of the priorities of economic development. The use of digital technologies makes the transition to a “green economy” less expensive while increasing the efficiency of enterprises and companies that use them. The purpose of this study is to show the impact of digitalization on the transition to a “green economy”. To solve this problem, two main research methods were used. The first research method was a theoretical analysis of the impact of digital technologies on the transition to a “green” economy at various levels: on city and regional level, using the example of individual industries and enterprises. Among the main areas in which digital technologies are used are the transition to smart cities, the use of digital solutions for the transition to renewable energy sources, and the use of the Internet in agriculture, industry, and transport. As a second method for researching, a survey to gauge awareness among young people about the importance of the transition to a “green economy” and the problems associated with the transition to a “green economy”, as well as the impact of digital solutions on the transition to a green economy was done. The survey was conducted among Russian and Chinese university students.

The ATP hydrolysis transition state of motor proteins is a weakly populated protein state that can be stabilized and investigated by replacing ATP with chemical mimics. We present atomic-level structural and dynamic insights on a state created by ADP aluminum fluoride binding to the bacterial DnaB helicase from Helicobacter pylori. We determined the positioning of the metal ion cofactor within the active site using electron paramagnetic resonance, and identified the protein protons coordinating to the phosphate groups of ADP and DNA using proton-detected 31P,1H solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at fast magic-angle spinning > 100 kHz, as well as temperature-dependent proton chemical-shift values to prove their engagements in hydrogen bonds. 19F and 27Al MAS NMR spectra reveal a highly mobile, fast-rotating aluminum fluoride unit pointing to the capture of a late ATP hydrolysis transition state in which the phosphoryl unit is already detached from the arginine and lysine fingers., Nature Communications, 12 (1), ISSN:2041-1723

This study examines the influence of the tissue preparation "NICAVET 2500" on an organism of mammals with use of rodent models of acute inflammation. It is established that action of a preparation leads to decrease in ESR. Hematologic and biochemical parameters also testify to anti-inflammatory action of "NICAVET 2500". Results of histological and morphometric research of a spleen and a thymus show processes of proliferation and migration of immunocytes, testifying to activization of immune reactions. In a thymus of rats of experimental group in comparison with control an increase in the dimensions of thymic lobules and also an increase in quantity of Hassal's bodies, testifying to intensification of synthesis of the thymic hormones participating in process of an immunopoesis are revealed. As a result of the use of the preparation an increase of ability of an organism to resist alteration and also essential decrease in a level of development of inflammatory reaction of an organism are observed. The conducted research demonstrates the expressed immunomodulatory action of a preparation "NICAVET 2500" at an experimental model of inflammation.

The experimental investigations of the colloidal heterostructured CdSe/CdS nanoplatelets transient absorption in the regime of one-photon stationary excitation of excitons by high-intensity nanosecond laser pulses are presented. A strong dependence of exciton’s transitions behavior on nanoplatelets concentration in colloidal solution and pump intensities was studied for the first time. The revealed nonlinear transmission changes of the nanoplatelets solutions with different optical density were explained by the presence of phase space filling effect, energy exchange between exciton states, reabsorption processes and exciton–exciton interaction. The most vital result of the paper is the identification of conditions for the existence of the optical gain in colloidal solutions of nanoplatelets.

Notwithstanding that there are many researches pursuing in aim to define a neurotoxic behavior of various compounds of aluminium, its role as a potential neurotoxin is debatable to this day. The present study was aimed at comparison of neurotoxic action of aluminium in the forms of chloride and citrate, administered orally in a dose of Al3+=0.1 mg/kg of body weight per day. The results of double T-maze tests that were used for detection of cognitive impairment, and results of histological and micromorphometric examination of hippocampal CA1 neurons are presented. At research findings, we revealed violations of memory and learning processes and also irreversible morphological changes of hippocampal CA1 neurons in aluminium citrate intoxicated mice, that were expressed more than in aluminium chloride intoxicated mice. Furthermore, we caught neuronal atrophy in hippocampal CA1 area of both mice groups, and it was more pronounced in aluminium citrate intoxicated group. Basing of conducted study, it could be concluded that different aluminium compounds in a real taking dose have a neurotoxic action that influence both morphofunctional integrality of hippocampus and cognitive function of CNS, more expressing on exposure to aluminium citrate.

During the conducted research, it is established that aluminium chloride intoxication leads to the considerable changes of composition of red blood, development of a hypercalcemia and change of a bone structure of animals. A number of significant morphofunctional changes in the hippocampus of the examined animals are also noted. The use of the tissue preparation "Nicavet-1000" leads to the normalization of both hematocrit and other parameters of red blood, as well as to the intensification of erythropoiesis. Use of the preparation "Nicavet-1000", judging from the results of research, prevents pathological changes in a bone tissue, caused by aluminium chloride. "Nicavet-1000" leads to the expressed normalization of both the morphological, and micromorphometric parameters characterizing a hippocampus of rats.

Background The "Flora of Russia" project on iNaturalist brought together professional scientists and amateur naturalists from all over the country. Over 10,000 people were involved in the data collection. New information Within 20 months, the participants accumulated 750,143 photo observations of 6,857 species of the Russian flora. This constitutes the largest dataset of open spatial data on the country’s biodiversity and a leading source of data on the current state of the national flora. About 87% of all project data, i.e. 652,285 observations, are available under free licences (CC0, CC-BY, CC-BY-NC) and can be freely used in scientific, educational and environmental activities.