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Vieira, Fábio C.S., Sobral, Marcos, Mazine, Fiorella F., Longen, Fábio (2022): Myrcia garuvana (Myrtaceae) a new species from Santa Catarina, Brazil. Phytotaxa 560 (2): 254-258, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.560.2.9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.560.2.9

Eugenia aeterna, a new species of Eugenia sect. Eugenia is described and illustrated. It has been recorded in the Ombrophilous Forest of the Atlantic Forest Domain in the municipalities of Caraguatatuba and Ubatuba, São Paulo state, Brazil. The new species is apparently related to Eugenia ligustrina and E. longipedunculata being distinct from both by: cataphylls persistent until mature twigs, even in the vegetative phase of the plant (versus cataphylls deciduous); puberulent or pilose hypanthium (vs. glabrous hypanthium) and calyx lobes reflexed and appressed to the fruit (vs. calyx lobes erect in the fruit). Following IUCN red list criteria, Eugenia aeterna is classified Least Concern. Additionally, a distribution map is provided.

Medicinal plants represent a promising reservoir of diverse endophytic fungi, including taxa that are able to produce bioactive metabolites. In Brazil, the genus Copaifera includes species that are well known in folk medicine mainly due to their ability to produce oleoresin. In this study, we characterized the endophytic fungal communities associated with Copaifera langsdorffii and Copaifera pubiflora and investigated their ability to produce antimicrobial agents. We obtained 668 fungal isolates from the leaves, stems, and seeds of both plants, which were later classified into 64 taxa and 22 genera. Diaporthe sp. 6, Xylariaceae sp. 1, Diaporthales sp. 1, and Diaporthales sp. 2 were the most abundant taxa in C. langsdorffii, while Phyllosticta sp., Diaporthe sp. 7, Diaporthales sp. 3, and Diaporthe miriciae were the most abundant taxa in C. pubiflora. Diaporthe sp. 4, Phyllosticta sp., Diaporthe sp. 1, Diaporthe sp. 7, and Neopestalotiopsis sp. were the only taxa common between the two plants. Both plants were found to have high fungal diversity, especially C. langsdorffii. Six extracts displayed antibacterial, being Alternaria sp., Diaporthe sp. 1, D. miriciae, and Diaporthe sp. 14. Our results showed that different tissues of the ethnomedicinal plants C. langsdorffii and C. pubiflora are systematically colonized by rich and diverse endophytic fungal communities, and that some of the fungi are able to produce antimicrobial compounds, which may be explored in further studies as potential candidates for the development of new drugs.

Sobral, Marcos, Mazine, Fiorella F., Valdemarin, Karinne S., Melo, Eugênio A.D. (2022): Eugenia reperta (Myrtaceae), a new species from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Phytotaxa 556 (3): 297-300, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.556.3.7, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.556.3.7

Eugenia leucogyna, Myrcia acutisepala and M. pirapama are proposed as new species, described and illustrated; additionally, conservation status is proposed for them. Eugenia leucogyna, from the northern Brazilian state of Pará, is related to E. egensis, but differs by its indumentum; Myrcia acutisepala, from rocky fields from the southeastern state of Minas Gerais, is close to M. eriocalyx, but differs by its glabrous leaves and longer sepals; and M. pirapama, also from rocky fields from Minas Gerais, is related to M. hebepetala, but differs by its leaves with longer petioles and shorter blades and acute and larger sepals.

Eugenia is an important genus of Brazilian Myrtaceae due to its representativity, ecological and economic aspects. During a study on the taxonomy of Eugenia for the “Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo” project, some names in need of nomenclatural and taxonomic changes were identified. A new name, and six new synonyms are herein presented, as well as the designation of ten lectotypes, two epitypes, one neotype, and the elucidation of a not validly published name, including a discussion of each case.

Recent phylogenetic and taxonomic studies resulted in the synonymization of Marlierea into Myrcia. This paper aims to transfer the last Marlierea species to their correct genera, which include not only taxa belonging to Myrcia, but also to Eugenia, Plinia and Siphoneugena. Five new combinations are proposed: Eugenia choriophylla, based on Marlierea choriophylla; Myrcia resupinata, based on Myrtus resupinata; Plinia parvifolia, based on Marlierea parvifolia; Plinia sessiliflora, based on Marlierea sessiliflora; and Siphoneugena martinellii, based on Marlierea martinellii. Two new names are proposed: Myrcia rufopilosa, replacing Myrtus rufa; and Myrcia sintenisiana, replacing Marlierea sintenisii. A new synonym is proposed, Marlierea cordata under Eugenia hirta. Three names, Marlierea capitata, Marlierea involucrata and Marlierea occhionii remain as incertae saedis, and, additionally, we have listed two nomina nuda referenced in the literature as Marlierea.

We present here the rediscovery of Passiflora auriculata Kunth and P. cisnana Harms in Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil, and new reports of occurrence of those species in Alagoas state, northeastern Brazil, and Tocantins state, northern Brazil. We provide taxonomic information, distribution maps, and conservation status of both species, thereby contributing to increasing knowledge on Passifloraceae in those states.

—Valeriana caparaoensis, a new species from the High Altitude Tropical Grasslands of Southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species is known only from the Serra do Caparaó massif, between the states of Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil. It shares morphological affinities with V. catharinensis and V. polystachya, the first restricted to Brazilian Subtropical Highland Grasslands, and the last restricted to Lowland Grasslands of Southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. Besides the great geographical disjunction, the new species differs from the other two species by the pinnately lobed proximal leaves, by the lanceolate distal lobes and longer pseudopetioles in distal leaves, by differences in the size of the flowers, and by the rounded to ovate and broader achenes. Additionally, we provide the preliminary conservation status assessments using IUCN Red List categories and criteria, as well as an updated checklist and a key for Valeriana species from Southeastern Brazil.

Eugenia canumana, E. humaitana, E. jutai, E. multilocellata and E. seislagoana, from the Brazilian state of Amazonas, and E. xinguana, from the Brazilian states of Maranhão and Pará, are proposed as new species. Eugenia canumana is morphologically related to E. laevis, but differs by its twigs with cataphylls and glabrous flowers; E. humaitana is close to E. cribrata, but has glabrous flowers with sepals in two unequal pairs; E. jutai is close to E. campina, but has dull-colored blades with midvein adaxially impressed and longer pedicels and bracteoles; E. multilocellata is related to E. agathopoda, but has pilose flowers and multilocellate anthers; E. seislagoana is related to E. illepida, but has blades with midvein adaxially raised and smaller flowers with sepals fused at its basal portion, and E. xinguana is related to E. stictopetala, but has blades with midvein adaxially raised and larger flowers. All six species are assigned to section Umbellatae.

Stadnik, Aline, Sobral, Marcos (2021): Plinia vilabela (Myrtaceae), a new species from Mato Grosso, Brazil. Phytotaxa 528 (1): 67-69, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.528.1.9

Sobral, Marcos, Bünger, Mariana O., Azevedo, Luísa O., De Paula, Luiza F.A. (2021): Eugenia saxatilis (Myrtaceae), a new species from Minas Gerais, Brazil. Phytotaxa 522 (2): 157-160, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.522.2.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.522.2.8

We present a floristic survey for Byrsonima (Malpighiaceae) from Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Of the 17 species occurring in Espírito Santo, one is recorded for the first time for the state (B. intermedia). In addition, three species were considered vulnerable or near threatened (B. alvimii, B. bahiana and B. cacaophila). Identification key for all species was presented, along with morphological descriptions, photograph plates, distribution maps, and ecological notes of the studied species.

There are described and illustrated Eugenia andiraana, E. libens, Myrcia iranduba, M. javariana, M. piptocalyx and Plinia rufiflora, all from Amazonian Brazil; additionally, affinities and conservation issues are discussed for each species. Eugenia andiraana, from the state of Acre, is morphologically related to E. minuscula, differing by its pilose, longer blades; E. libens, from the state of Roraima, is related to E. callichroma, but has wider blades, persisting bracteoles and locules of the ovary with less ovules; M. iranduba is related, between others, to M. inaequiloba, but differs by its scarcely reticulated blades with acute or shortly acuminate apex and inflorescences with deciduous bracts; Myrcia javariana, from the state of Amazonas, is related to M. megapaniculata, but differs by its winged twigs, narrower blades and applanate inflorescences; M. piptocalyx, from Acre, is related to M. splendens but differs by its blades with larger glandular dots and deciduous calyx lobes, and Plinia rufiflora, from the state of Pará, is related to P. costata, but has blades with midvein and lateral veins raised on both sides and flowers with rufescent trichomes.

Here are described and illustrated Eugenia quiriri and Myrceugenia basicordata, from the southern Brazilian state of Santa Catarina, and Eugenia krapovickasiana is included in the synonymy of E. angelyana. Eugenia quiriri is morphologically related to Eugenia neotristis, but differs by its pilose twigs and blades and visibly pedicellate flowers. Myrceugenia basicordata is close to M. miersiana, but differs by its shorter petioles, oblong blades with sometimes cordiform base and ovaries with two locules. Additionally, conservation status is discussed for these species.

Myrciaria (Myrtaceae) species are distributed exclusively in the New World and the genus presents its highest diversity in Brazil, particularly in the Atlantic Forest domain. Myrciaria alta, from the montane region of southeastern Brazil, is herein described, illustrated, and compared to its closest related species, Myrciaria glomerata. Moreover, data on its distribution, habitat, phenology, and conservation are provided.

—A new classification of the predominantly Neotropical tribe Myrteae is proposed to replace Berg’s three traditional subtribes, the Myrciinae, Eugeniinae, and Myrtinae. Nine subtribes are here proposed that are supported by molecular and morphological data. In addition to the three traditionally recognized but modified here, subtribe Pimentinae (originally described as Pimentoideae) is reinstated and five new subtribes are proposed: Blepharocalycinae, Decasperminae, Luminae, Pliniinae, and Ugninae. A key to the nine subtribes is followed by descriptions of each, listing genera included, approximate species numbers, general distribution patterns, and notes. The genera Feijoa O. Berg and Temu O. Berg are reinstated. Morphological structures of importance for classification of Myrteae subtribes are illustrated.

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:47:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-12-31 Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo FAPES Background Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparao (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website Catalogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservacao do Brasil. Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states. New information Parque Nacional do Caparao houses 8% of the land plant species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including 6% of its angiosperms, 31% of its lycophytes and ferns and 14% of its avascular plants. Twelve percent of the threatened species listed for the State of Espirito Santo and 7% listed for the State of Minas Gerais are also protected by PNC. Surprisingly, 79% of the collections analysed here were carried out in Minas Gerais, which represents just 21% of the total extension of the Park. The compiled data uncover a huge botanical collection gap in this federally-protected area. Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Fundacao Espirito Santense Tecnol, Vitoria, ES, Brazil Secretaria Desenvolvimento Cidade & Meio Ambiente, Cariacica, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Campinas, Brazil Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Ilheus, BA, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Inst Nacl Mata Atlantica, Santa Teresa, Brazil Univ Estado Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Juiz De Fora, Brazil Univ Fed Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil Univ Estado Santa Catarina, Laguna, Brazil Univ Nacl Nordeste, Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Corrientes, Argentina Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Campos Dos Goytacazes, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil STCP Engn Projetos, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Inst Bot, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Oeste Para, Santarem, Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Joao del Rei, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil Univ Fed Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil CNPq: CNPq 421276/2017-7 Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo: FAPES 34/2018 Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo: Chamada CNPq/ICMBio/FAPs No 18/2017 FAPES: 19/2018 FAPES: 525/2018

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T17:33:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-05-19 Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo FAPES Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) Background Brazil is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with about 37,000 species of land plants. Part of this biodiversity is within protected areas. The development of online databases in the last years greatly improved the available biodiversity data. However, the existing databases do not provide information about the protected areas in which individual plant species occur. The lack of such information is a crucial gap for conservation actions. This study aimed to show how the information captured from online databases, cleaned by a protocol and verified by taxonomists allowed us to obtain a comprehensive list of the vascular plant species from the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, the first national park founded in Brazil. All existing records in the online database JABOT (15,100 vouchers) were downloaded, resulting in 11,783 vouchers identified at the species level. Overall, we documented 2,316 species belonging to 176 families and 837 genera of vascular plants in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia. Considering the whole vascular flora, 2,238 species are native and 78 are non-native. New information The Parque Nacional do Itatiaia houses 13% of the angiosperm and 37% of the fern species known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Amongst these species, 82 have been cited as threatened, following IUCN categories (CR, EN or VU), seven are data deficient (DD) and 15 have been classified as a conservation priority, because they are only known from a single specimen collected before 1969. Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Ilheus, BA, Brazil Univ Estadual Feira De Santana, Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Estado Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil Univ Fed Juiz De Fora, Juiz De Fora, Brazil Univ Fed Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil Inst Bot, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Campos Dos Goytacazes, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil Univ Fed Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Univ Fed Oeste Para, Santarem, Brazil Univ Fed Rural Rio De Janeiro, Seropedica, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Joao Del Rei, Sao Joao Del Rei, Brazil Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil Flowr Corp, Markham, ON, Canada Univ Estado Rio De Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Campinas, Brazil Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazil Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservacao da Biodiversidade (ICMBio): 18/2017 CNPq: 18/2017 CNPq: CNPq 421276/2017-7 Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo: 18/2017 Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Espirito Santo: FAPES 34/2018 FAPES: 525/2018 FAPERJ: E-26/202.775/2018 FAPERJ: E-26/202.778/2018

Resumo O Brasil é o país com a maior biodiversidade conhecida no mundo, mas sua flora alimentícia ainda carece de estudos. No presente trabalho, apresentamos um levantamento de plantas frutíferas nativas do estado do Rio Grande do Sul com base em consultas bibliográficas e experimentação de campo. Dados adicionais de cada espécie, como nome popular, forma biológica, distribuição geográfica, hábitat, fenologia, tamanho da fruta e forma de uso também são apresentados. Reportamos 213 espécies frutíferas nativas distribuídas em 48 famílias e 102 gêneros, sendo Myrtaceae a família com o maior número de espécies. A maioria das espécies é constituída por árvores que ocorrem em ambientes florestais, distribuídas ao longo de todo território do estado. Mais de 90% das frutas são para consumo in natura ou derivados, enquanto uma pequena parte é utilizada após processamento, e outra parte é utilizada como condimento. Cerca de 20% das espécies são apresentadas de maneira inédita como frutíferas. Ressalta-se a elevada riqueza de espécies frutíferas encontrada no estado e a importância da valorização da flora nativa alimentícia com potencial de uso sustentável, incrementando a fruticultura local e agregando valor à produção agrícola. Abstract Brazil is the country with the major biodiversity known in the world, but its edible flora is still little studied. In this work, we present a checklist of the native edible fruits of the Rio Grande do Sul state based on bibliographic consultant and field taste proof. Additional data for each species are also presented with vernacular name, biological form, geographical distribution, habitat, phenology, size of fruits and forms of use. We reported 213 native edible fruits species belonging to 48 botanical family and 102 genera, being Myrtaceae the family with the largest number of species. The majority of the species are tree from forest habitats and occur along all territory of the state. More than 90% of the fruits are for in natura consumption or derivatives, while a small part is used after processing or as condiment. About 20% of the species are presented for the first time as having edible fruit. We highlighted the elevated richness of the native edible fruits found and the importance of appreciation of the local edible flora as potential resource for sustainable economic use, increasing local fruit production and adding value to agricultural production

Beginning in November 2018, Brazilian legislation regulating access to genetic heritage and associated traditional knowledge will cause a bureaucratic collapse of Biodiversity research in Brazil. Law number 13.123/2015 and Decree 8772/2016 impose severe barriers to basic and applied research, and to international cooperation by introducing mandatory registry of research access to native organisms in Brazil. This legal framework was meant to improve governmental control over systems of biotechnology research using genetic material and associated chemical compounds, which are central points of the Nagoya Protocol (CBD 2011) and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD 1992, 2012). However, the requirements imposed by the mandatory registry of research in the new National System for Governance of Genetic Heritage and Associated Traditional Knowledge (SisGen), the system of Material Transfer Agreements (MTAs), and the need to record access to organismal data prior to publication of scientific results or exportation of specimens for scientific research are technically impracticable and not part of the Nagoya Protocol or CBD ..

O conhecimento da familia Myrtaceae no Mato Grosso do Sul foi tardio em relacao as outras unidades da federacao. Na Flora Brasiliensis foram citadas nove especies para o que e hoje territorio do estado. Myrtaceae apresenta atualmente registro de 81 especies no Mato Grosso do Sul. A importância da familia e variavel em estudos floristicos, sendo em geral maior no Cerrado e menor no Pantanal, podendo se apresentar ate como a segunda familia mais diversa. Ocorrem dez generos: Blepharocalyx O.Berg (uma especie), Calyptranthes Sw. (duas especies), CampomanesiaRuiz & Pav. (seis especies), Eugenia L. (35 especies), Myrcia DC. (21 especies), Myrcianthes O.Berg (uma especie), Myrciaria O.Berg (quatro especies), Pimenta Lindl. (uma especie), Plinia L. (duas especies) e Psidium L. (nove especies). O presente estudo resultou em um incremento de 47 especies e saida de sete especies em relacao a ultima Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil, resultando em um ganho liquido de 40 especies em relacao a esta listagem.

Myrcia incompleta, from the northern Brazilian states of Amazonas and Rondonia, is described and illustrated. This species is apparently related to Calyptranthes paniculata and C. speciosa, from which it is distinguished mainly by its narrower leaves with midvein strongly raised adaxially and shorter, pauciflorous inflorescences. Conservation status for the species is proposed.

The recent outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases highlighted the pivotal importance of mosquito vector control in tropical areas worldwide. Several strategies have been developed to control vector populations and disease transmission in endemic areas. The steps to obtain natural active compounds involve the pre-selection in a biological model and subsequently evaluation on specific models. The present study reports the evaluation of 35 extracts, fractions, and essential oils obtained from five species from the Annonaceae family on Artemia salina and Culex quinquefasciatus. The A. salina results were used as a pre-screening for larvicidal test about mosquitoes. A correlation of biological activity in both bioassays was observed for the hydroethanolic extracts and their respective hexane and chloroform fractions of the leaves of Annona species, except A. nutans. The same correlation was also observed for all tested essential oils and petroleum ether extracts from Duguetia species. It was possible to limit an interval of lethality about A. salina, which has a corresponding range to the larvicidal test against the mosquito. The main components present in D. lanceolata essential oil or enriched fraction were α-selinene, aristolochene, (E)-caryophyllene, and (E)-calamenene. For D. furfuracea, the main components present of the underground parts were (E)-asarone, 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene, spathulenol, and bicyclogermacrene for aerial parts. The A. salina test could be used as a model for the pre-screening of larvicidal activity.

An annotated conspectus of 124 species is presented for Myrcia DC. sect. Aulomyrcia (O. Berg) Griseb. This list is published for use as a basis for future revisionary work and presents the species of this evolutionary group together for the first time. Publication and type information, habitat and distribution, preliminary conservation assessments, and diagnostic notes are provided for each species. In transferring species of Calyptranthes Sw. and Marlierea Cambess. to Myrcia, 28 new combinations are made: Myrcia areolata (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea areolata McVaugh], Myrcia biptera (Amshoff) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea biptera Amshoff], Myrcia caesariata (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea caesariata McVaugh], Myrcia cana (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea cana McVaugh], Myrcia caudata (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea caudata McVaugh], Myrcia convexivenia (B. Holst) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea convexivenia B. Holst], Myrcia ensiformis (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea ensiformis McVaugh], Myrcia excoriata (Mart.) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea excoriata Mart.], Myrcia guildingiana (Griseb.) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Psidium guildingianum Griseb.], Myrcia insignis (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea insignis McVaugh], Myrcia karuaiensis (Steyerm.) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Aulomyrcia karuaiensis Steyerm.], Myrcia ligustrina (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea ligustrina McVaugh], Myrcia lituatinervia (O. Berg) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Myrciaria lituatinervia O. Berg], Myrcia maguirei (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea maguirei McVaugh], Myrcia mcvaughii (B. Holst) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea mcvaughii B. Holst], Myrcia multiglomerata (Amshoff) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea multiglomerata Amshoff], Myrcia neuwiedeana (O. Berg) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Rubachia neuwiedeana O. Berg], Myrcia obversa (D. Legrand) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea obversa D. Legrand], Myrcia pudica (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea pudica McVaugh], Myrcia rugosior (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea rugosior McVaugh], Myrcia scytophylla (Diels) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea scytophylla Diels], Myrcia skortzoviana (Mattos) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea skortzoviana Mattos], Myrcia suborbicularis (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea suborbicularis McVaugh], Myrcia subulata (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea subulata McVaugh], Myrcia sucrei (G. M. Barroso & Peixoto) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea sucrei G. M. Barroso & Peixoto], Myrcia umbraticola (Kunth) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea umbraticola (Kunth) O. Berg], Myrcia uniflora (McVaugh) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea uniflora McVaugh], and Myrcia ventuarensis (B. Holst) E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson [≡ Marlierea ventuarensis B. Holst]. The following 21 replacement names are created: Myrcia argentigemma E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. aulomyrcioides E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. chonodisca E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. holstii E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neobuxifolia E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neocuprea E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neodimorpha E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, Myrcia neoestrellensis E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neoglabra E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neoimperfecta E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neomacrophylla E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neomontana E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neoobscura E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neoregeliana E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neoriedeliana E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neoschomburgkiana E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neosuaveolens E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neotomentosa E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neotovarensis E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, M. neovelutina E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson, and M. neoverticillaris E. Lucas & C. E. Wilson. Sixty-four lectotypes are newly designated for the following names: Aulomyrcia blanchetiana O. Berg [≡ Myrcia blanchetiana (O. Berg) Mattos]

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:01:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-04-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) A new classification of the large Neotropical genus Myrcia s.l. is proposed. Nine sections are presented that correspond to recently published clades. Of these nine sections, sects. Myrcia, Aulomyrcia and Sympodiomyrcia are already published, sects. Reticulosae and Tomentosae are new sections, sect. Eugeniopsis is a new combination whilst sects. Aguava, Calyptranthes and Gomidesia are new combinations at a new rank (comb. & stat. nov.). Six lectotypifications are made for sections or genera. Estimates of species per section are listed. Royal Bot Gardens, Richmond, Surrey, England Univ Estado Amazonas, BR-69058807 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil Univ Estadual Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil Univ Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil Jardim Bot Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil Univ Estado Para, Belem, Para, Brazil Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Fed Rural Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil Univ Fed Sao Joao Del Rei, Sao Joao Del Rei, MG, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, Brazil CNPq: 150217/2016-1 CNPq: 205237/2014-2 CNPq: 165669/2013-6

According to its owners, the Forest of Seu Nico (FSN) from the Viçosa municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil, never has been logged and is therefore considered a primary forest. Nevertheless, the forest patch suffered impacts due to selective wood and non-timber extraction, fragmentation and isolation. Aim of this study was to test if the FSN, despite impacts, preserved characteristics of primary forests, which are elevated percentages of non-pioneer (>90%), animal-dispersed (>80 %), understory (>50%) and endemic species (~40%). For that, all trees with diameter at breast height equal or major than 3.2 cm within a plot of 100 x 100 m were identified. With 218 tree species found within this hectare, the FSN's species richness is outstanding for the region. The percentages of non-pioneer (92 %), animal-dispersed (85 %), understory (55 %) and endemic species (39.2 %) from the FSN fulfill the criteria proposed for primary forest. Therefore, we conclude that the FSN maintained its characteristics as a primary forest which highlights its importance for the conservation of biotic resources in the region, where similar fragments are lacking or not described yet. RESUMO Segundo seus proprietários, a Floresta de Seu Nico (FSN), situada no Município de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil, nunca sofreu corte raso, porém é considerada floresta primária. No entanto, o fragmento florestal sofreu impactos por extração seletiva de madeira e produtos não madeireiros, além de fragmentação e isolamento. O objetivo desse estudo foi testar se a FSN, apesar de impactos, preservou características de florestas primárias, que são porcentagens elevadas de espécies não pioneiras (>80%), espécies dispersas por animais (>90%), espécies de sub-bosque (> 50%) e espécies endêmicas (~40%). Para isso, todas as árvores com diâmetro à altura do peito igual ou superior a 3,2 cm, dentro de uma parcela de 100 x 100 m, foram identificadas. Com 218 espécies de árvores encontradas dentro da parcela, a riqueza de espécies da FSN é elevada na região. As porcentagens de espécies não pioneiras (92 %), dispersas por animais (85%), de sub-bosque (55%) e endêmicas (39,2%) da FSN cumprem os critérios propostos para florestas primárias. Porém, conclui-se que a FSN manteve suas características como floresta primária, que destaca a sua importância para a conservação dos recursos bióticos da região, onde fragmentos semelhantes estão faltando ou, ainda, não foram descritos.

Two new species of the genus Eugenia L. from the Atlantic coastal forests of the southeastern Brazilian states of Bahia and Espirito Santo are described, illustrated, compared with related species, and evaluated in their IUCN conservation status. Eugenia cataphyllea M. C. Souza & Sobral is related to E. xanthoxyloides Cambess., from which it differs by the longer cataphylls, larger and pilose leaves, bracteoles persisting after anthesis and pilose flowers. Eugenia hispidiflora Sobral & M. C. Souza is apparently related to E. hirta O. Berg, from which it can be distinguished by its longer leaves and densely hispid flowers.

RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivos conhecer a organização da comunidade e a estruturação filogenética do componente arbóreo de um fragmento de Floresta Nebular em Urubici - SC. Para isso, foram alocadas 25 parcelas de 400 m2, nas quais foi medida a circunferência a altura do peito - CAP, e identificadas todas as árvores com CAP igual ou superior a 15,7 cm. Foram calculados o índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e os descritores fitossociológicos. A síndrome de dispersão de propágulos e a distribuição espacial de cada espécie foram determinadas. A estruturação filogenética foi avaliada por meio dos valores de Mean pairwise distance (MPD) e de Net Relatedness Index (NRI), calculados a partir de uma árvore filogenética construída em função das espécies amostradas, de uma matriz de abundância das espécies por parcelas e 1.000 simulações de uma comunidade organizada filogeneticamente de forma aleatória. A estruturação espacial das métricas filogenéticas foi analisada por meio do Índice I de Moran. Foram amostrados 1.579 indivíduos, pertencentes a 33 espécies, sendo Myrtaceae a família de maior riqueza de espécies. O baixo valor de diversidade (2,43), associado à baixa riqueza na área, é esperado em Florestas Nebulares, cujo ambiente é tipicamente seletivo. A maior representação na floresta foi de Myrceugenia euosma (O.Berg) D.Legrand (VI = 24,51%). A síndrome de dispersão predominante foi a zoocoria (84,85%), seguida pela anemocoria (15,15%), e a distribuição espacial foi predominantemente agregada. A comunidade apresentou variação em relação à estruturação filogenética, sendo que, para a maioria das parcelas, o padrão não diferiu do modelo nulo de completa aleatoriedade. ABSTRACT This study aimed to survey the community organization and the phylogenetic structure of tree species component in a nebular forest, in the municipality of Urubici, Santa Catarina state. A total of 25 plots (400 m2) were allocated, where all trees with circumference at breast height (cbh) equal or superior than 15.7 cm were measured (cbh) and identified. The Shannon index and phytosociological descriptors were determined. The dispersal syndromes of propagules were determined and the spatial distribution of each species was analyzed. The phylogenetic structure was evaluated by the values of 'Mean Pairwise Distance' (MPD) and Net Relatedness Index (NRI), determined through a phylogenetic tree built in function of the species sampled, an abundance matrix of species by plots and 1,000 simulations of a community with phylogenetic randomness organization. The spatial structure of the phylogenetic metrics was analyzed through I Moran Index. A total of 1,579 trees were sampled, belonging to 33 species, with Myrtaceae as the richest family. The low value of diversity (2.43), associated to low richness, is expected for nebular forest, where the environment is typically selective. The most representative species in the forest was Myrceugenia euosma (O.Berg) D.Legrand (VI = 24.51%). The predominant dispersal syndrome was zoochory (84.85%), followed by anemochory (15.15%); and the species showed predominantly a clustered spatial distribution. The community had variation in relation to the phylogenetic structure, with most plots showing no significant difference from the null model of complete randomness.

Recent debates on the number of plant species in the vast lowland rain forests of the Amazon have been based largely on model estimates, neglecting published checklists based on verified voucher data. Here we collate taxonomically verified checklists to present a list of seed plant species from lowland Amazon rain forests. Our list comprises 14,003 species, of which 6,727 are trees. These figures are similar to estimates derived from nonparametric ecological models, but they contrast strongly with predictions of much higher tree diversity derived from parametric models. Based on the known proportion of tree species in neotropical lowland rain forest communities as measured in complete plot censuses, and on overall estimates of seed plant diversity in Brazil and in the neotropics in general, it is more likely that tree diversity in the Amazon is closer to the lower estimates derived from nonparametric models. Much remains unknown about Amazonian plant diversity, but this taxonomically verified dataset provides a valid starting point for macroecological and evolutionary studies aimed at understanding the origin, evolution, and ecology of the exceptional biodiversity of Amazonian forests., Sistema de Informação sobre a Biodiversidade Brasileira, supporting the Flora do Brasil 2020 project; Programa de Apoio a Pesquisadores Emergentes da Universidade Federal da Bahia and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (process 23038.009148/2013-19, to D.C.); the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (E-26/203.269/2016–JCNE and E-26/010.000990/2016–APq1, to M.T.); the National Science Foundation (Grant DEB-0316614, to S.K. and L.L.G. and Grant DEB- 0818399, to F.A.M. and R.G.); the British Council [Researcher Link 127407379 and the Royal Society of London (International Exchange IE140292, to T.S.)]; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2015/50488-5, to D.C. and L.P.d.Q); and the Natural Environment Research Council (NE/N012488/1; to T.S. and P.M.).

Three species of Eugenia from São Paulo state’s Atlantic forest are described, illustrated, compared with related species and commented in their conservation issues: Eugenia binata, from Ilhabela, is close to Eugenia lomeroensis, from which can be distinguished by larger leaf blades, larger flower buds, and densely pubescent ovary; Eugenia pithecocephala, from Peruíbe, is close to Eugenia grandissima, from which can be distinguished by the smaller leaves and costate fruits with five seeds; and Eugenia sulcatifolia, from Ubatuba, is close to Eugenia umbrosa, from which can be distinguished by the broader leaf blades, obovate bracteoles and slightly costate ovary.