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The seed is the vehicle for high productivity crops, as it carries the genetic potential and technology necessary for the success of a crop. And seed treatment has been a very important technology for the initial development of rice seeds. For this reason, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of seed treatment with Cruiser Opti insecticide associated with the biostimulant EpívioTM at different dosages and during 0, 60, 90, 135 and 180 days after seed treatment. Rice seeds of the cultivar IRGA 424 RI were used. The treatments were: Control: Permit + Standk + Gaucho, T2- Cruiser Opti (0.5 L/100 Kg of seeds), T3 - EpivioTM (0.1 L/100 Kg of seeds), T4 - Cruiser Opti + EpivioTM (0.5 + 0.05 L/100 kg of seeds), T5 - Cruiser Opti + EpivioTM (0.5 + 0.1 L/100 kg of seeds) and T6 – (0.5 + 0.2 L/100 kg of seeds). Seed quality was monitored through the germination test, cold test and emergence in trays. Under the conditions in which the work was carried out, we can conclude that the treatment composed of Cruiser Opti + EpivioTM, at a dose of 0.5 and 0.1 L/100Kg of seeds, respectively, provided better performance in the germination test in the evaluated periods when compared to the other treatments.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de porta-enxertos sobre a qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos e produção das cultivares de pessegueiro Chimarrita e Maciel. O experimento foi realizado nos municípios de Bento Gonçalves, Eldorado do Sul e Capão do Leão, no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, durante três anos. Foram avaliados os porta-enxertos 'Aldrighi', 'Capdeboscq', 'Flordaguard', 'Nemaguard', 'Okinawa' e Umezeiro. As plantas foram conduzidas no sistema em "V", no espaçamento 1,5x5,0 m. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: diâmetro e massa de frutos, número de frutos por planta, produção por planta, eficiência produtiva, firmeza de polpa e conteúdo de sólidos solúveis. As variáveis avaliadas foram pouco influenciadas pelos porta-enxertos, na média de produção dos três anos. A cultivar Maciel apresentou alta eficiência produtiva em todos os porta-enxertos. O porta-enxerto 'Nemaguard' proporcionou maior produção à cultivar Maciel em Bento Gonçalves, enquanto o porta-enxerto Umezeiro, a menor produção na cultivar Chimarrita em Eldorado do Sul. A firmeza de polpa foi a variável de qualidade de frutos mais influenciada pelos porta-enxertos, conforme as condições do local. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of rootstocks on fruit postharvest quality and productivity of the peach cultivars 'Chimarrita' and 'Maciel'. The experiment was carried out in the Municipalities of Bento Gonçalves, Eldorado do Sul, and Capão do Leão, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during three years. The rootstocks 'Aldrighi', 'Capdeboscq', 'Flordaguard', 'Nemaguard', 'Okinawa', and 'Mume' were evaluated. The plants were conducted using the "V" system, with 1.5x5.0 m spacing. The following variables were evaluated: fruit mass and diameter, number of fruit per plant, yield per plant, production efficiency, pulp firmness, and contents of soluble solids. The analyzed variables were little influenced by rootstocks, on the three-year production average. Cultivar Maciel had high-production efficiency in all rootstocks. The rootstock 'Nemaguard' provided the highest yield to cultivar Maciel in Bento Gonçalves, while the rootstock Mume, the lowest production to 'Chimarrita', in Eldorado do Sul. Firmness was the fruit quality variable most influenced by the rootstocks, depending on local conditions.

The low fruit set in the Southern Brazil conditions is one of the limiting factors to pear production in the country. The use of plant growth regulators may minimize this problem. This study was carried out aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of different growth regulators and the combination of these substances on fruit set increase of ‘Shinseiki Asian pears. The application of growth regulators was performed when the pears have reached the full bloom stage. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications of one tree, with the following treatments: 1. control (no application); 2. thidiazuron (TDZ) 20mg L-1; 3. gibberellic acid (GA) 20mg L-1; 4. prohexadione calcium (PCa) 600mg L-1; 5. PCa 600mg L-1 TDZ + 20mg L -1 ; 6. PCa 600mg L -1 + AG 20mg L -1 ; and 7. AG 20mg L -1 + TDZ 20mg L -1 . When sprayed on full bloom stage, thidiazuron and gibberellic acid, and combinations of these substances, both at a concentration of 20mg L-1, increased significantly the fruit set and the fruit production of ‘Shinseiki’ pears. The use of prohexadione calcium, single or in combination with thidiazuron and gibberellic acid, did not increase the fruit production.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes porta-enxertos no desenvolvimento vegetativo, fenológico e produtivo do pessegueiro [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cv. Chimarrita. Os porta-enxertos utilizados foram 'Capdeboscq', 'Tsukuba 1', 'Okinawa', 'Aldrighi' e 'GF 305'. As variáveis analisadas foram: diâmetro do tronco, volume da copa, material retirado da poda, época de brotação, época de floração, quantidade de clorofila, área foliar específica, comprimento dos ramos principais, produtividade, massa dos frutos, coloração do fruto, firmeza de polpa, teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez titulável (TA), relação SST/AT, fenóis totais e época de maturação. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições com cinco plantas cada. Não houve efeito dos porta-enxertos em: início da brotação, início da queda de folha, área foliar específica e maturação e massa de fruto. O diâmetro de tronco, comprimento de ramos, volume de copa, massa verde da poda e quantidade de clorofila foram influenciados mais pelos porta-enxertos 'Capdeboscq', 'Okinawa' e 'Tsukuba 1'. O maior número de flores por ramo foi obtido com o porta-enxerto 'Capdeboscq'. Frutos mais avermelhados foram produzidos com o porta-enxerto 'GF 305', e os vermelho-amarelados com 'Okinawa'. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect different rootstocks on vegetative, phenological and productive development peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cv. Chimarrita. The rootstocks used were 'Capdeboscq', 'Tsukuba 1', 'Okinawa', 'Aldrighi' and 'GF 305'. The variables studied were: trunk diameter, canopy volume, pruning weight, leafing and flowering time, chlorophyll content, leaf specific area, length of scaffold branches, fruit weight and color, fruit flesh firmness, total soluble solid (TSS) content, titratable acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, total phenols and fruit ripening time. The experiment was carried out using a randomized block design with four replicates, with five plants each. No effect of the rootstocks was verified on the beginning of leafing, and on leaf fall, leaf specific area, and fruit ripening and weight. The trunk diameter, length of branches, canopy volume, weight of the material removed by the pruning and chlorophyll content were better influenced by 'Capdeboscq', 'Okinawa' and 'Tsukuba 1'. The highest number of flowers per branch was obtained with the rootstock 'Capdeboscq'. 'GF 305' provided redder fruits and 'Okinawa' redder-yellow fruits.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the vigour, flowering time, production and fruit quality of peaches from the cultivars ‘Maciel’ and ‘Chimarrita’ grafted on rootstocks ’Aldrighi’, ‘Capdeboscq’, ‘Flordaguard’, ‘Nemaguard’, ‘Okinawa’ and ‘Umezeiro’. The experiment was conducted at the Embrapa Uva e Vinho, in Bento Goncalves/RS. Vegetative and productive variables were analyzed in the field, and the physical-chemical analysis of the fruits were held at the Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel (Universidade Federal de Pelotas – UFPel, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), during the 2008 and 2009 seasons. According to the results, it was concluded that the Maciel and Chimarrita cultivars grafted on ‘Umezeiro’ are less vigorous, and showed symptoms of incompatibility. The flowering of the peach trees from cultivars Maciel and Chimarrita is influenced by the rootstocks, which may delay or anticipate the beginning and the full bloom in up to eleven days. The estimated production and productivity per hectare of the ‘Maciel’ trees are greater when grafted on ‘Flordaguard’, and smaller when grafted on ‘Umezeiro’.