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BACKGROUND: The prognosis of patients with early relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma after the receipt of first-line chemoimmunotherapy is poor.METHODS: In this international, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients with large B-cell lymphoma that was refractory to or had relapsed no more than 12 months after first-line chemoimmunotherapy to receive axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel, an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy) or standard care (two or three cycles of investigator-selected, protocol-defined chemoimmunotherapy, followed by high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with a response to the chemoimmunotherapy). The primary end point was event-free survival according to blinded central review. Key secondary end points were response and overall survival. Safety was also assessed.RESULTS: A total of 180 patients were randomly assigned to receive axi-cel and 179 to receive standard care. The primary end-point analysis of event-free survival showed that axi-cel therapy was superior to standard care. At a median follow-up of 24.9 months, the median event-free survival was 8.3 months in the axi-cel group and 2.0 months in the standard-care group, and the 24-month event-free survival was 41% and 16%, respectively (hazard ratio for event or death, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.31 to 0.51; PCONCLUSIONS: Axi-cel therapy led to significant improvements, as compared with standard care, in event-free survival and response, with the expected level of high-grade toxic effects. (Funded by Kite; ZUMA-7 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03391466.).

Background: In ZUMA-1, the pivotal study of axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) in patients with refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), Grade ≥3 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic events (NEs) occurred in 13% and 28% of patients, respectively, and required intensive in-patient management (Neelapu, et al. NEJM. 2017;377:2531). With increased safety experience, the management of CRS and NEs has been under evaluation in several exploratory safety management cohorts of ZUMA-1. Cohort 4 evaluated levetiracetam prophylaxis and earlier corticosteroid and/or tocilizumab use on the incidence and severity of CRS and NEs (Topp, et al. Br J Haematol. 2021. In press). The impact of adding prophylactic corticosteroids to the Cohort 4 toxicity management regimen was assessed in Cohort 6 (Oluwole, et al. Br J Haematol. 2021). Notably, some treated patients have early versus late onset of CRS or NEs, warranting distinct management. To facilitate toxicity management, we developed predictive algorithms for early onset acute toxicities (within 3-4 days after axi-cel) based on machine learning from ZUMA-1 data. Methods: This post hoc analysis included patients from ZUMA-1 Phase 1 and Phase 2 Cohorts 1, 2, 4, and 6. Covariates (>1500; 227 measured before axi-cel infusion) included baseline product, patient and tumor characteristics, and proinflammatory soluble blood biomarker levels. Data from patients in Cohorts 1, 2, and 4 were randomly divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. Univariate and multivariate analyses and clinical feasibility considerations were applied to select a covariate subset for further analysis. Machine learning (eg, logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, and AdaBoost classifier) was applied to 3 categories of covariates (1, clinical; 2, mechanistic [eg, product attributes, inflammatory blood biomarkers]; 3, hybrid of 1 and 2) to build best-performing models (predictive performance evaluated by area under the curve [AUC] on test data). Optimal cutoffs for predictive scores were selected by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) or classification tree analysis. Data from patients in Cohort 6 were included to validate the best-performing model generated using training data. Results: Multivariate analysis and machine learning from data obtained from 149 evaluable patients in ZUMA-1 Cohorts 1, 2, and 4 led to several comparable predictive models for early onset CRS or NEs (best-performing models with ROC AUC >0.8 in training and >0.7 in testing). The covariates in best-performing models included product cell viability, centrally measured Day 0 (before axi-cel treatment) IL-15 and CCL2 serum levels and locally measured blood cell counts, blood chemistry analytes, tumor burden, and serum lactate dehydrogenase level. Best-performing models with 0.7 in testing) to larger best-performing models. Classification trees with splitting based on Day 0 IL-15 and product cell viability showed a potential to categorize patients by early versus late onset of toxicities (specificity >0.85). Conclusions: Machine learning applied to covariates measured before axi-cel infusion yielded predictive models for early onset CRS or NEs that can be used for toxicity prediction, monitoring, and management. High performing hybrid or mechanistic models corroborated the importance of T-cell viability (product cell fitness) and conditioning-related elevation of factors (IL-15 and CCL2) that influence toxicities. This algorithm may be further optimized in the context of improved toxicity management and by introducing monitoring of vitals early posttreatment. Disclosures Song: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment; Gilead Sciences: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Hu: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment. Neelapu: Takeda Pharmaceuticals and related to cell therapy: Patents & Royalties; Kite, a Gilead Company, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Poseida, Cellectis, Celgene, Karus Therapeutics, Unum Therapeutics (Cogent Biosciences), Allogene, Precision BioSciences, Acerta and Adicet Bio: Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company, Merck, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Celgene, Pfizer, Allogene, Kuur, Incyte, Precision BioSciences, Legend, Adicet Bio, Calibr, and Unum Therapeutics: Other: personal fees; Kite, a Gilead Company, Merck, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Celgene, Pfizer, Allogene Therapeutics, Cell Medica/Kuur, Incyte, Precision Biosciences, Legend Biotech, Adicet Bio, Calibr, Unum Therapeutics and Bluebird Bio: Honoraria. Locke: Gerson Lehrman Group: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; EcoR1: Consultancy; Emerging Therapy Solutions: Consultancy; Cowen: Consultancy; Umoja: Consultancy, Other; Iovance Biotherapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Novartis: Consultancy, Other, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Other; GammaDelta Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Allogene Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role, Research Funding; Bluebird Bio: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Wugen: Consultancy, Other; Cellular Biomedicine Group: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Calibr: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; BMS/Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Legend Biotech: Consultancy, Other; Moffitt Cancer Center: Patents & Royalties: field of cellular immunotherapy. Jacobson: Lonza: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Axis: Speakers Bureau; Nkarta: Consultancy, Honoraria; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Clinical Care Options: Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Humanigen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Precision Biosciences: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support. Miklos: Adaptive Biotechnologies, Novartis, Juno/Celgene-BMS, Kite, a Gilead Company, Pharmacyclics-AbbVie, Janssen, Pharmacyclics, AlloGene, Precision Bioscience, Miltenyi Biotech, Adicet, Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite, a Gilead Company, Amgen, Atara, Wugen, Celgene, Novartis, Juno-Celgene-Bristol Myers Squibb, Allogene, Precision Bioscience, Adicet, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, Takeda, Adaptive Biotechnologies and Miltenyi Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Patents & Royalties; Pharmacyclics, Amgen, Kite, a Gilead Company, Novartis, Roche, Genentech, Becton Dickinson, Isoplexis, Miltenyi, Juno-Celgene-Bristol Myers Squibb, Allogene, Precision Biosciences, Adicet, Adaptive Biotechnologies: Research Funding. Oluwole: Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy; Curio Science: Consultancy. Kersten: Takeda: Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Miltenyi Biotec: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; BMS/Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding. Topp: Universitatklinikum Wurzburg: Current Employment; Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Macrogeniecs: Research Funding; Regeneron: Consultancy, Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy. Kim: Gilead Sciences: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment. Singh: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment. Andrade: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment, Other: Leadership role. Huang: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment. Xue: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment; Gilead Sciences: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Schupp: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Gilead Sciences: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Nahas: Kite: Current Employment; Gilead: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Shen: Gilead Sciences: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Atara: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: Leadership role, Patents & Royalties; Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment, Other: Leadership role, Patents & Royalties. Bot: Gilead Sciences: Consultancy, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Other: Travel support; Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment.

Background: The standard of care (SOC) treatment (Tx) in the curative setting for patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) after 1st-line (1L) chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) is high-dose therapy with autologous stem cell rescue (HDT-ASCT) if responsive to 2L CIT; however, as many pts do not respond to or cannot tolerate 2L CIT, or are not intended for HDT-ASCT, outcomes remain poor. Axi-cel is an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy approved for R/R LBCL after ≥2 prior systemic therapies. Since CAR T-cell therapy may benefit pts in earlier lines of therapy, we conducted ZUMA-7 (NCT03391466), a global, randomized, Phase 3 trial of axi-cel vs SOC in pts with 2L R/R LBCL, and report here the results of the primary analysis (PA). Methods: Eligible pts were ≥18 y with LBCL, ECOG PS 0-1, R/R disease ≤12 mo of adequate 1L CIT (including anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and an anthracycline), and intended to proceed to HDT-ASCT. Pts were randomized 1:1 to axi-cel or SOC, stratified by 1L Tx response and 2L age-adjusted IPI (sAAIPI). In the axi-cel arm, pts received a single infusion of 2×10 6 CAR T cells/kg after conditioning (3 d; cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m 2/day and fludarabine 30 mg/m 2/day). Optional bridging Tx was limited to corticosteroids (CIT was not allowed). In the SOC arm, pts received 2-3 cycles of an investigator-selected, protocol defined, platinum-based CIT regimen; pts with partial response or complete response (CR) proceeded to HDT-ASCT. Disease assessments by PET-CT per Lugano Classification occurred at timepoints specified from randomization. Although there was no planned trial crossover between arms, pts not responding to SOC could receive CAR T-cell therapy off protocol. Axi-cel was hypothesized to result in a 50% improvement in event-free survival (EFS: time to earliest date of disease progression, death from any cause, or new lymphoma Tx) vs SOC. The PA was event-driven, and the primary endpoint was EFS by blinded central review. Key secondary endpoints, tested hierarchically, were objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS; interim analysis); safety was also a secondary endpoint. Level of CAR T cells was an exploratory endpoint. Results: As of 3/18/21, 359 pts were enrolled globally. The median age was 59 y (range, 21-81; 30% ≥65 y). Overall, 74% of pts had primary refractory disease and 46% had high sAAIPI (2-3). Of 180 pts randomized to axi-cel, 170 (94%) were infused; of 179 pts randomized to SOC, 64 (36%) reached HDT-ASCT after 2L CIT. The primary endpoint of EFS was met (HR: 0.398; P Conclusions: ZUMA-7, the first randomized, global, multicenter Phase 3 study of axi-cel vs 2L SOC in R/R LBCL, demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in EFS. Axi-cel showed superiority over SOC with >4-fold greater median EFS, 2.5-fold greater EFS at 2 y, double the CR rate, and more than double the percentage of pts receiving definitive Tx. Safety of axi-cel was manageable and at least consistent with 3L axi-cel therapy. Axi-cel may replace CIT/HDT-ASCT as the SOC for 2L R/R LBCL. These data are reported on behalf of all ZUMA-7 investigators and contributing Kite members. Disclosures Locke: Novartis: Consultancy, Other, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role, Research Funding; Iovance Biotherapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; GammaDelta Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Umoja: Consultancy, Other; Wugen: Consultancy, Other; Takeda: Consultancy, Other; Legend Biotech: Consultancy, Other; EcoR1: Consultancy; Emerging Therapy Solutions: Consultancy; Gerson Lehrman Group: Consultancy; Cowen: Consultancy; Calibr: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Moffitt Cancer Center: Patents & Royalties: field of cellular immunotherapy; Cellular Biomedicine Group: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; BMS/Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Bluebird Bio: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Amgen: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role; Allogene Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: Scientific Advisory Role, Research Funding. Miklos: Pharmacyclics, Amgen, Kite, a Gilead Company, Novartis, Roche, Genentech, Becton Dickinson, Isoplexis, Miltenyi, Juno-Celgene-Bristol Myers Squibb, Allogene, Precision Biosciences, Adicet, Adaptive Biotechnologies: Research Funding; Adaptive Biotechnologies, Novartis, Juno/Celgene-BMS, Kite, a Gilead Company, Pharmacyclics-AbbVie, Janssen, Pharmacyclics, AlloGene, Precision Bioscience, Miltenyi Biotech, Adicet, Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite, a Gilead Company, Amgen, Atara, Wugen, Celgene, Novartis, Juno-Celgene-Bristol Myers Squibb, Allogene, Precision Bioscience, Adicet, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, Takeda, Adaptive Biotechnologies and Miltenyi Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Patents & Royalties. Jacobson: Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Lonza: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Precision Biosciences: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Nkarta: Consultancy, Honoraria; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Humanigen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Axis: Speakers Bureau; Clinical Care Options: Speakers Bureau. Perales: Cidara: Honoraria; Omeros: Honoraria; Merck: Honoraria; Servier: Honoraria; Medigene: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Miltenyi Biotec: Honoraria, Other; Sellas Life Sciences: Honoraria; Kite/Gilead: Honoraria, Other; Novartis: Honoraria, Other; Incyte: Honoraria, Other; Equilium: Honoraria; Karyopharm: Honoraria; NexImmune: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Nektar Therapeutics: Honoraria, Other; MorphoSys: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria. Kersten: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding; BMS/Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Miltenyi Biotec: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support. Oluwole: Janssen: Consultancy; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy; Curio Science: Consultancy. Ghobadi: Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Atara Biotherapeutics: Consultancy; Wugen: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy. McGuirk: Juno Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Kite/ Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel accommodations, expense, Kite a Gilead company, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Research Funding; Gamida Cell: Research Funding; Pluristem Therapeutics: Research Funding; Bellicum Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Allovir: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Magenta Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; EcoR1 Capital: Consultancy; Novartis: Research Funding; Fresenius Biotech: Research Funding; Astelllas Pharma: Research Funding. Pagel: Incyte/MorphoSys: Consultancy; Gilead: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Actinium Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics/AbbVie: Consultancy; BeiGene: Consultancy; Epizyme: Consultancy; MEI Pharma: Consultancy; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy. Muñoz: Targeted Oncology, OncView, Kyowa, Physicians' Education Resource, and Seagen: Honoraria; Pharmacyclics, Abbvie, Bayer, Kite, a Gilead Company, Pfizer, Janssen, Juno/Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, Kyowa, Alexion, Beigene, Fosun Kite, Innovent, Seagen, Debiopharm, Karyopharm, Genmab, ADC Therapeutics, Epizyme, Beigene, and Servier: Consultancy; Kite, a Gilead Company, Kyowa, Bayer, Pharmacyclics, Janssen, Seagen, Acrotech, Aurobindo, Beigene, Verastem, AstraZeneca, Celgene/Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech, and Roche: Speakers Bureau; Bayer, Kite, a Gilead Company, Celgene, Merck, Portola, Incyte, Genentech, Pharmacyclics, Seagen, and Janssen, Millennium: Research Funding; OncView: Honoraria; Kyowa Kirin: Honoraria; Physicians' Education Resource: Honoraria. Farooq: Kite, a Gilead Company: Honoraria. Van Meerten: Kite, a Gilead Company: Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy. Reagan: Genentech: Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy; Curis: Consultancy; Seagen: Research Funding. Sureda: Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; GSK: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Other: Support for attending meetings and/or travel; Bluebird: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Mundipharma: Consultancy; BMS/Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Support for attending meetings and/or travel, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; MSD: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Support for attending meetings and/or travel, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau. Flinn: Loxo: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Other: All Consultancy and Research Funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Gilead Sciences: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Forma Therapeutics: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Pfizer: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Calithera Biosciences: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Juno Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; ArQule: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Karyopharm Therapeutics: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Nurix Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Great Point Partners: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; BeiGene: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Seagen: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Trillium Therapeutics: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Constellation Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Unum Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Yingli Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Curis: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Celgene: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; IGM Biosciences: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Iksuda Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Verastem: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Portola Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Infinity Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Rhizen Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Forty Seven: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Incyte: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Agios: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Teva: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Merck: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Acerta Pharma: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Triphase Research & Development Corp.: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Century Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Hutchison MediPharma: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Vincerx Pharma: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Sarah Cannon Research Institute: Current Employment; Servier Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Yingli Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Seagen: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Servier Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Unum Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Johnson & Johnson: Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding. Vandenberghe: Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene: Consultancy; Pfizer: Research Funding; Gilead Sciences: Consultancy, Other: Travel support; Miltenyi Biotec: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy. Song: GlaxoSmithKline: Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Kite, a Gilead Company: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria. Dickinson: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel, accommodation, expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Gilead Sciences: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; MSD: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria. Minnema: Janssen: Consultancy; Alnylam: Consultancy; Kite/Gilead: Consultancy; Cilag: Consultancy; Celgene: Other: Travel expenses; BMS: Consultancy. Riedell: Kite/Gilead: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; BeiGene: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Bayer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Calibr: Research Funding; Tessa Therapeutics: Research Funding; Xencor: Research Funding; MorphoSys: Research Funding. Leslie: Karyopharm Therapeutics: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; BeiGene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Merck: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy; Epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; PCYC/Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Seagen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau. Chaganti: Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: travel support, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene-BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Travel support; Atara Bio: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Research Funding; Incyte: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Yang: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment. Filosto: Tusk Therapeutics: Patents & Royalties: or other intellecular property; Gilead Sciences: Other: stock or other ownership ; Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment. Schupp: Gilead Sciences: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment, Honoraria, Other: Travel support. To: NantWorks: Ended employment in the past 24 months; Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment, Other: stock or other ownership . Cheng: Kite, a Gilead Company: Current Employment, Other: Travel support; Gilead Sciences: Other: stock or other ownership . Gordon: Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding; Zylem Biosciences: Patents & Royalties: Patents, No royalties. Westin: Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Curis: Research Funding; Iksuda Therapeutics: Consultancy; Umoja: Consultancy; ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy, Research Funding; Morphosys: Research Funding; 47 Inc: Research Funding.

Purpose: MET gene amplification is associated with poor prognosis in gastric/gastroesophageal junction/esophageal (G/GEJ/E) cancers. We determined antitumor activity, safety, and pharmacokinetics of the small-molecule MET inhibitor AMG 337 in MET-amplified G/GEJ/E adenocarcinoma or other solid tumors. Patients and Methods: In this phase II, single-arm study, adults with MET-amplified G/GEJ/E adenocarcinoma (cohort 1) or other MET-amplified solid tumors (cohort 2) received AMG 337 300 mg/day orally in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR; cohort 1). Secondary endpoints included ORR (cohort 2), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. Results: Of 2101 patients screened for MET amplification, 132 were MET-amplified and 60 were enrolled: 45 in cohort 1, and 15 in cohort 2. Fifty-six patients (97%) had metastatic disease; 57 had prior lines of therapy (1 prior line, 29%; ≥2 prior lines, 69%). A protocol-permitted review showed efficacy that was lower-than-expected based on preliminary data from a first-in-human study, and enrollment was stopped. Fifty-eight patients received ≥1 AMG 337 dose. ORR in cohort 1 was 18% (8 partial responses). No responses were observed in cohort 2. Of 54 evaluable patients, median (95% CI) PFS and OS were 3.4 (2.2–5.0) and 7.9 (4.8–10.9) months, respectively. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were headache (60%), nausea (38%), vomiting (38%), and abdominal pain, decreased appetite, and peripheral edema (33% each); 71% had grade ≥3 AEs and 59% had serious AEs. Conclusions: AMG 337 showed antitumor activity in MET-amplified G/GEJ/E adenocarcinoma but not in MET-amplified non–small-cell lung cancer. See related commentary by Ma, p. 2375

Background Carfilzomib is approved in the United States and Europe for treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). This study evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of carfilzomib in patients with relapsed or progressive advanced malignancies and varying degrees of impaired hepatic function. Methods Patients with normal hepatic function (normal) or hepatic impairment (mild, moderate, or severe) received carfilzomib infusion in 28-day cycles. The primary objective was to assess the influence of hepatic impairment on carfilzomib PK following 27 and 56 mg/m2 doses. Results The majority of patients enrolled in this study had solid tumors (n = 44) vs. MM (n = 2) since patients with multiple myeloma do not tend to have severe hepatic impairment in the same way as patients with solid tumors. A total of 11 normal and 17 mild, 14 moderate, and 4 severe hepatic impairment patients were enrolled. Compared with patients with normal hepatic function, patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment had 44 and 26% higher carfilzomib AUC0–last, respectively (27 mg/m2 dose); increases at the 56 mg/m2 dose were 45 and 21%, respectively. Considerable PK variability (% coefficient of variation in AUC ≤100%) was discerned and no consistent trend of increasing exposure resulting from increasing hepatic impairment severity (moderate vs. mild) was seen. The observed adverse event (AE) profile in patients of mostly solid tumors was consistent with the known safety profile of carfilzomib, with the exception of an increased frequency of AEs consistent with hepatic function abnormalities. Conclusions In this population of primarily advanced solid tumor patients, patients with mild and moderate hepatic impairment had approximately 20–50% higher carfilzomib AUC vs. normal hepatic function patients. These increases are unlikely to be clinically significant, in light of the intrinsic PK variability and exposure–response relationship of carfilzomib. Trial registrationhttp://clinicaltrials.gov NCT01949545; date of registration: September 6, 2013

Introduction/Background In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1b/2 study we assessed the efficacy/safety of rilotumumab or ganitumab combined with etoposide and carboplatin or cisplatin as first-line treatment in patients with extensive stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Patients and Methods In the phase 1b study, patients received rilotumumab 15 mg/kg or ganitumab 18 mg/kg with etoposide and carboplatin or cisplatin. In the phase 2 study, patients were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive placebo, rilotumumab, or ganitumab with etoposide and carboplatin or cisplatin. Chemotherapy was administered for ≤ 6 cycles; rilotumumab, ganitumab, or placebo was then continued as maintenance therapy. The primary end points were incidence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs; phase 1b) and overall survival (OS; phase 2). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Results In the phase 1b study (n = 28), 1 patient treated with ganitumab experienced a DLT (Grade 4 neutropenia/thrombocytopenia lasting ≥ 7 days). In the phase 2 study, 185 patients were enrolled (placebo, n = 61; rilotumumab, n = 62; ganitumab, n = 62). Median OS was 10.8, 12.2 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-1.25; P = .384), and 10.7 (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.63-1.41; P = .787) months, in placebo, rilotumumab, or ganitumumab arms, respectively. Median PFS was 5.4, 5.4 (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.71-1.54; P = .797), and 5.5 (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.72-1.55; P = .780) months, respectively. Adverse events resulting in treatment discontinuation occurred in 11 (19%), 10 (16%), and 7 (12%) patients, respectively. Serum biomarker analysis showed improved survival for patients with baseline hepatocyte growth factor levels below the median in the rilotumumab arm. Conclusion Although the combination of rilotumumab or ganitumab with chemotherapy was tolerable, overall outcomes were not improved in patients with ES-SCLC.

Introduction: The PK profile of carfilzomib is well characterized in patients with multiple myeloma. However, during clinical development of carfilzomib, patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (HI) were excluded from initial clinical studies. To support carfilzomib dose recommendations for patients with baseline HI, this study evaluated PK and safety of carfilzomib in patients with varying degrees of HI and relapsed or progressive advanced malignancies. Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase 1 study evaluated adult patients with normal (Norm) hepatic function or, mild, moderate (Mod), severe HI receiving carfilzomib infusion on days (D) 1-2, 8-9, 15 and 16 in 28-D cycles (C). Dose was escalated from 20 mg/m2 on C1 D1-D2 to 27 mg/m2 on D8 of C1 and if tolerated, further to 56 mg/m2 on D1 of C2. Norm hepatic function defined as bilirubin and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels 1-1.5 x ULN, or AST >ULN but with bilirubin 1.5-3 x ULN with any AST; or severe: bilirubin >3 x ULN and any AST. The primary objective was to assess the effect of HI on area under the curve (AUC) from time 0 to the last concentration measured (AUC0-last) and from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-inf) of carfilzomib. Secondary objectives included evaluation of carfilzomib maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), time to maximum concentration (Tmax), clearance (CL), terminal half-life (T1/2), volume of distribution at steady state (Vss), mean residence time (MRT), and safety and tolerability, as well as PK parameters for carfilzomib's major metabolites. Plasma for analysis of PK parameters were collected on C1D16 for carfilzomib 27 mg/m2 and on C2D1 for the 56 mg/m2 dose. PK parameters were evaluated using a non-compartmental approach. The carfilzomib PK in HI patients was compared with Norm patients using summary statistics and analysis of variance. Due to enrollment challenges and lack of demonstrable efficacy with carfilzomib monotherapy, enrollment of severe HI patient (mostly advanced solid tumors) was discontinued. Results: 11 Norm, 17 Mild, 14 Mod, and 4 severe patients were enrolled; 61% male, mean age 62 years. Of these patients, 10 Norm, 14 Mild, 9 Mod, and 0 severe HI patients were PK evaluable. Following carfilzomib 27 and 56 mg/m2, considerable PK variability was seen within each of the treatment groups, with an overlapping exposure observed between groups (Table 1). Median Tmax ranged from 0.29 to 0.48 hour with peak concentrations of carfilzomib most often observed at 15 minutes after start or immediately before the end of infusion. Thereafter, concentrations of carfilzomib declined rapidly with a mean T1/2 of approximately 0.5 to 0.7 hour in all patient groups. A dose-dependent increase in mean AUC and Cmax of carfilzomib was observed between 27 mg/m2 and 56 mg/m2 in all 3 patient groups (Table 1); however, there was no consistent trend of increasing exposure (AUC0-last, AUC0-inf, and Cmax) with increasing severity of HI (Table 1 and 2). The mean AUC of the most abundant metabolite, PR-389/M14 was similar across all groups. A mean increase of approximately 60%-80% was observed for M15 and M16 AUC0-last, AUC0-inf and Cmax in patients with Mod HI vs Norm patients. These metabolites have no known biological activity. Median duration of exposure was 6 (Norm), 4.3 (Mild), 2.3 (Mod), and 0.8 (severe) wks. Thirty-five (76%) patients had grade >/=3 adverse events (AEs) including 15 patients with treatment-related grade >/=3 AEs. Grade >/=3 increased blood bilirubin (22%; Mod HI patients only), anemia (15%), fatigue (15%), and increased alanine aminotransferase (9%; Mod HI patients only) occurred in >3 patients. Conclusions: No marked differences in exposures (AUC and Cmax) were observed between Norm patients and mild/Mod HI patients following carfilzomib doses of 27 and 56 mg/m2.No consistent trend in carfilzomib exposure related to HI severity was seen. With the exception of the increased frequency of AEs consistent with hepatic function abnormalities, the observed AE profile in this study was consistent with the known safety profile of carfilzomib. HI did not appear to substantially increase severity of AEs; however, the number of patients was limited. Based on the results in this study, no carfilzomib dose adjustment appears to be warranted in patients with relapsed or progressive advanced malignancies and mild or Mod HI. Disclosures Anthony: Spectrum Pharmaceuticals: Speakers Bureau; Paradigm Diagnostics: Consultancy. De Vos:European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Dutch Working Group Neuro-Oncology: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; University Medical Center Utrecht: Employment. White:Amgen: Employment. Schupp:Amgen Inc.: Employment, Equity Ownership. Ou:Amgen: Employment, Equity Ownership.

Introduction: Carfilzomib is an irreversible proteasome inhibitor that is approved as a single agent in the United States and other countries for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM); carfilzomib in combination with lenalidomide (LEN) and dexamethasone is also approved in the United States for the treatment of relapsed MM. The approved dose and schedule of carfilzomib is a twice-weekly, 10-min intravenous (IV) infusion on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 of 28-day cycles (starting dose: 20 mg/m2 [days 1 and 2 of cycle 1]; escalated to a target dose of 27 mg/m2 thereafter). Here we present updated results from the multicenter, phase 1/2 study CHAMPION-1 (NCT01677858), which evaluated the safety and efficacy of once-weekly carfilzomib with dexamethasone (Kd) in patients with relapsed or refractory MM. Methods: Patients with relapsed or refractory MM (1-3 prior lines of therapy) were eligible. Patients received carfilzomib as a 30-min IV infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 of 28-day cycles. The phase 1 portion of the study utilized a standard 3+3 dose-escalation scheme. All patients received carfilzomib at 20 mg/m2 on day 1 of cycle 1; patients received 45, 56, 70, or 88 mg/m2 beginning on day 8 of cycle 1 in successive dose-level cohorts until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was reached. All patients received dexamethasone 40 mg (IV or oral administration) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycles 1-8; dexamethasone was omitted on day 22 in cycles ≥ 9. In the phase 2 portion, patients received carfilzomib at the MTD (carfilzomib dose of 20 mg/m2 on cycle 1, day 1; escalating to the MTD for subsequent doses) and dexamethasone at the same dose and schedule. Kd was administered until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. The primary objective of the phase 1 portion was to determine the MTD of carfilzomib in the Kd regimen; the primary objective of the phase 2 portion was to determine the overall response rate (ORR [≥partial response]). Blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses. Results: A total of 27 patients were enrolled in phase 1; the MTD of carfilzomib was determined to be 70 mg/m2. Results are presented for all patients treated with Kd at the carfilzomib MTD in both the phase 1b (n=15) and phase 2 (n=89) portions of the study. Among these 104 patients, median patient age was 68.5 years (range, 41-88). Patients received a median of 1 prior line of therapy (range, 1-3); 83% of patients had received prior bortezomib (BTZ), 49% of patients were BTZ-refractory, 27% were LEN-refractory, and 16% were refractory to both BTZ and LEN. Median carfilzomib treatment duration was 7.7 months (range, 0.03-24.2). The ORR was 77% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 68%-85%); the clinical benefit rate (≥minimal response) was 84% (95% CI: 75%-90%). Kaplan-Meier median progression-free survival was 12.6 months (95% CI: 9.0-not estimable). Twelve patients (12%) discontinued treatment due to an adverse event. The most common adverse events of any grade and of grade ≥3 are shown in the Table. Five patients died on study: 1 patient each had cause of death reported as disease progression, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, and cardiopulmonary arrest. The mean area under the curve and maximum concentration following a 70-mg/m2 carfilzomib dose was 1050 ng×h/mL and 2510 ng/mL, respectively. At 1 hour post dosing of carfilzomib 70 mg/m2, the activity of the predominant chymotrypsin-like proteasome catalytic subunit in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (ie, low molecular mass polypeptide 7) was strongly inhibited (97% inhibition as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ProCISE]; 93% inhibition as determined by a fluorogenic substrate assay). Conclusions: CHAMPION-1 is the first clinical study to evaluate carfilzomib on a weekly dosing schedule. Once-weekly carfilzomib (70 mg/m2) with dexamethasone demonstrated acceptable safety and tolerability with promising efficacy for patients with relapsed or refractory MM. The dose and schedule of carfilzomib used in the CHAMPION-1 study (20/70 mg/m2) is currently being compared with the regulatory-approved carfilzomib dose and schedule (20/27 mg/m2 administered twice-weekly) in the ongoing, phase 3, superiority study ARROW (NCT02412878). Disclosures Lyons: Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Insyte: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria. Harb:Onyx Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy. Boccia:Incyte Corporation: Honoraria. Moss:Onyx: Honoraria, Research Funding. Rifkin:Onyx Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Schupp:Amgen: Employment, Equity Ownership. Dixon:Onyx/Amgen: Employment, Equity Ownership. Ou:Onyx/Amgen: Employment, Equity Ownership. Anderl:Onyx/Amgen: Employment, Equity Ownership. Berdeja:Abbvie: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Acetylon: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Onyx: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; MEI: Research Funding; Array: Research Funding; Curis: Research Funding.

694 Background: Pmab, R, and G are fully human monoclonal antibodies that target EGFR, HGF, and IGF-1R, respectively. In part 2 of this 3-part study in previously treated pts with wild-type (WT) KRAS mCRC, pmab+R met the pre-specified criterion for improvement in objective response rate (ORR) whereas pmab+G did not. We report an exploratory analysis of the treatment effect of pmab, R, and G in pts with activating RAS mutations beyond KRAS exon 2. Methods: Part 2 was a phase II, randomized, double-blinded trial of pmab+R or pmab+G vs. pmab+placebo, administered Q2W until disease progression or intolerance. The primary endpoint was ORR. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. Mutations in KRAS exon 3 (codons 59/61) and exon 4 (codons 117/146); NRAS exon 2 (codons 12/13), exon 3 (codons 59/61), and exon 4 (codons 117/146); and BRAF exon 15 (codon 600) were detected by bidirectional Sanger sequencing. Results: Of 142 pts randomized, 92 (65%) were evaluable for RAS. Of 92 evaluable pts, 79 (86%) were WT RAS (WT in KRAS and NRAS exons 2, 3, and 4) and 13 (14%) had RAS mutations beyond KRAS exon 2 (mutant in any KRAS exon 3 or 4 or NRAS exon 2, 3, or 4). None of the pts with RAS mutations had an objective response (Table). Of 93 pts evaluable for BRAF, 7 (8%) had V600E mutations (all 7 were WT RAS). Two pts with BRAF V600E tumors had a partial response and were in the pmab+R arm (n=3). No new safety signals were identified. Conclusions: In this small, retrospective study, ORR, PFS and OS were similar between the arms of R or G plus pmab vs pmab alone in pts with WT RAS mCRC tumors. Our findings indicate that RAS mutations beyond KRAS exon 2 impact ORR, PFS, and OS. Clinical trial information: NCT00788957. [Table: see text]