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1. Association Between Outdoor Air Pollution and Risk of Malignant and Benign Brain Tumors: The Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Author

Wu, Anna H, Wu, Jun, Tseng, Chiuchen, Yang, Juan, Shariff-Marco, Salma, Fruin, Scott, Larson, Timothy, Setiawan, Veronica W, Masri, Shahir, Porcel, Jacqueline, Jain, Jennifer, Chen, Thomas C, Stram, Daniel O, Marchand, Loïc Le, Ritz, Beate, and Cheng, Iona

Abstract

BackgroundThere are increasing concerns about the potential impact of air pollution on chronic brain inflammation and microglia cell activation, but evidence of its carcinogenic effects is limited.MethodsWe used kriging interpolation and land use regression models to estimate long-term air pollutant exposures of oxides of nitrogen (NOx, NO2), kriging interpolation for ozone (O3), carbon monoxide, and particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10), and nearest monitoring station measurements for benzene for 103 308 men and women from the Multiethnic Cohort, residing largely in Los Angeles County from recruitment (1993-1996) through 2013. We used Cox proportional hazards models to examine the associations between time-varying pollutants and risk of malignant brain cancer (94 men, 116 women) and meningioma (130 men, 425 women) with adjustment for sex, race and ethnicity, neighborhood socioeconomic status, smoking, occupation, and other covariates. Stratified analyses were conducted by sex and race and ethnicity.ResultsBrain cancer risk in men increased in association with exposure to benzene (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.55 to 7.55) and PM10 (HR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.00 to 3.23). Stronger associations with PM10 (HR = 3.02, 95% CI = 1.26 to 7.23), O3 (HR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.09 to 7.88), and benzene (HR = 4.06, 95% CI = 1.17 to 18.2) were observed among Latino men. Air pollution was unrelated to risk of meningioma except that O3 exposure was associated with risk in men (HR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.02 to 3.06). Brain cancer risk in women was unrelated to air pollution exposures.ConclusionsConfirmation of these sex differences in air pollution-brain cancer associations and the stronger findings in Latino men in additional diverse populations is warranted.

Published
2020

2. Supplementary Table S6 from Lung Cancer in Ever- and Never-Smokers: Findings from Multi-Population GWAS Studies

Author

Li, Yafang, primary, Xiao, Xiangjun, primary, Li, Jianrong, primary, Han, Younghun, primary, Cheng, Chao, primary, Fernandes, Gail F., primary, Slewitzke, Shannon E., primary, Rosenberg, Susan M., primary, Zhu, Meng, primary, Byun, Jinyoung, primary, Bossé, Yohan, primary, McKay, James D., primary, Albanes, Demetrios, primary, Lam, Stephen, primary, Tardon, Adonina, primary, Chen, Chu, primary, Bojesen, Stig E., primary, Landi, Maria T., primary, Johansson, Mattias, primary, Risch, Angela, primary, Bickeböller, Heike, primary, Wichmann, H-Erich, primary, Christiani, David C., primary, Rennert, Gad, primary, Arnold, Susanne M., primary, Goodman, Gary E., primary, Field, John K., primary, Davies, Michael P.A., primary, Shete, Sanjay, primary, Marchand, Loïc Le, primary, Liu, Geoffrey, primary, Hung, Rayjean J., primary, Andrew, Angeline S., primary, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., primary, Sun, Ryan, primary, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, primary, Grankvist, Kjell, primary, Johansson, Mikael, primary, Caporaso, Neil E., primary, Cox, Angela, primary, Hong, Yun-Chul, primary, Lazarus, Philip, primary, Schabath, Matthew B., primary, Aldrich, Melinda C., primary, Schwartz, Ann G., primary, Gorlov, Ivan, primary, Purrington, Kristen S., primary, Yang, Ping, primary, Liu, Yanhong, primary, Bailey-Wilson, Joan E., primary, Pinney, Susan M., primary, Mandal, Diptasri, primary, Willey, James C., primary, Gaba, Colette, primary, Brennan, Paul, primary, Xia, Jun, primary, Shen, Hongbing, primary, and Amos, Christopher I., primary

Published
2024
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3. Data from Lung Cancer in Ever- and Never-Smokers: Findings from Multi-Population GWAS Studies

Author

Li, Yafang, primary, Xiao, Xiangjun, primary, Li, Jianrong, primary, Han, Younghun, primary, Cheng, Chao, primary, Fernandes, Gail F., primary, Slewitzke, Shannon E., primary, Rosenberg, Susan M., primary, Zhu, Meng, primary, Byun, Jinyoung, primary, Bossé, Yohan, primary, McKay, James D., primary, Albanes, Demetrios, primary, Lam, Stephen, primary, Tardon, Adonina, primary, Chen, Chu, primary, Bojesen, Stig E., primary, Landi, Maria T., primary, Johansson, Mattias, primary, Risch, Angela, primary, Bickeböller, Heike, primary, Wichmann, H-Erich, primary, Christiani, David C., primary, Rennert, Gad, primary, Arnold, Susanne M., primary, Goodman, Gary E., primary, Field, John K., primary, Davies, Michael P.A., primary, Shete, Sanjay, primary, Marchand, Loïc Le, primary, Liu, Geoffrey, primary, Hung, Rayjean J., primary, Andrew, Angeline S., primary, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., primary, Sun, Ryan, primary, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, primary, Grankvist, Kjell, primary, Johansson, Mikael, primary, Caporaso, Neil E., primary, Cox, Angela, primary, Hong, Yun-Chul, primary, Lazarus, Philip, primary, Schabath, Matthew B., primary, Aldrich, Melinda C., primary, Schwartz, Ann G., primary, Gorlov, Ivan, primary, Purrington, Kristen S., primary, Yang, Ping, primary, Liu, Yanhong, primary, Bailey-Wilson, Joan E., primary, Pinney, Susan M., primary, Mandal, Diptasri, primary, Willey, James C., primary, Gaba, Colette, primary, Brennan, Paul, primary, Xia, Jun, primary, Shen, Hongbing, primary, and Amos, Christopher I., primary

Published
2024
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4. Figure S4 from Lung Cancer in Ever- and Never-Smokers: Findings from Multi-Population GWAS Studies

Author

Li, Yafang, primary, Xiao, Xiangjun, primary, Li, Jianrong, primary, Han, Younghun, primary, Cheng, Chao, primary, Fernandes, Gail F., primary, Slewitzke, Shannon E., primary, Rosenberg, Susan M., primary, Zhu, Meng, primary, Byun, Jinyoung, primary, Bossé, Yohan, primary, McKay, James D., primary, Albanes, Demetrios, primary, Lam, Stephen, primary, Tardon, Adonina, primary, Chen, Chu, primary, Bojesen, Stig E., primary, Landi, Maria T., primary, Johansson, Mattias, primary, Risch, Angela, primary, Bickeböller, Heike, primary, Wichmann, H-Erich, primary, Christiani, David C., primary, Rennert, Gad, primary, Arnold, Susanne M., primary, Goodman, Gary E., primary, Field, John K., primary, Davies, Michael P.A., primary, Shete, Sanjay, primary, Marchand, Loïc Le, primary, Liu, Geoffrey, primary, Hung, Rayjean J., primary, Andrew, Angeline S., primary, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., primary, Sun, Ryan, primary, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, primary, Grankvist, Kjell, primary, Johansson, Mikael, primary, Caporaso, Neil E., primary, Cox, Angela, primary, Hong, Yun-Chul, primary, Lazarus, Philip, primary, Schabath, Matthew B., primary, Aldrich, Melinda C., primary, Schwartz, Ann G., primary, Gorlov, Ivan, primary, Purrington, Kristen S., primary, Yang, Ping, primary, Liu, Yanhong, primary, Bailey-Wilson, Joan E., primary, Pinney, Susan M., primary, Mandal, Diptasri, primary, Willey, James C., primary, Gaba, Colette, primary, Brennan, Paul, primary, Xia, Jun, primary, Shen, Hongbing, primary, and Amos, Christopher I., primary

Published
2024
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5. Lung Cancer in Ever- and Never-Smokers: Findings from Multi-Population GWAS Studies

Author

Li, Yafang, primary, Xiao, Xiangjun, additional, Li, Jianrong, additional, Han, Younghun, additional, Cheng, Chao, additional, Fernandes, Gail F., additional, Slewitzke, Shannon E., additional, Rosenberg, Susan M., additional, Zhu, Meng, additional, Byun, Jinyoung, additional, Bossé, Yohan, additional, McKay, James D., additional, Albanes, Demetrios, additional, Lam, Stephen, additional, Tardon, Adonina, additional, Chen, Chu, additional, Bojesen, Stig E., additional, Landi, Maria T., additional, Johansson, Mattias, additional, Risch, Angela, additional, Bickeböller, Heike, additional, Wichmann, H-Erich, additional, Christiani, David C., additional, Rennert, Gad, additional, Arnold, Susanne M., additional, Goodman, Gary E., additional, Field, John K., additional, Davies, Michael P.A., additional, Shete, Sanjay, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Liu, Geoffrey, additional, Hung, Rayjean J., additional, Andrew, Angeline S., additional, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., additional, Sun, Ryan, additional, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, additional, Grankvist, Kjell, additional, Johansson, Mikael, additional, Caporaso, Neil E., additional, Cox, Angela, additional, Hong, Yun-Chul, additional, Lazarus, Philip, additional, Schabath, Matthew B., additional, Aldrich, Melinda C., additional, Schwartz, Ann G., additional, Gorlov, Ivan, additional, Purrington, Kristen S., additional, Yang, Ping, additional, Liu, Yanhong, additional, Bailey-Wilson, Joan E., additional, Pinney, Susan M., additional, Mandal, Diptasri, additional, Willey, James C., additional, Gaba, Colette, additional, Brennan, Paul, additional, Xia, Jun, additional, Shen, Hongbing, additional, and Amos, Christopher I., additional

Published
2024
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6. Race, ethnicity, community-level socioeconomic factors, and risk of COVID-19 in the United States and the United Kingdom

Author

Lo, Chun-Han, Nguyen, Long H., Drew, David A., Warner, Erica T., Joshi, Amit D., Graham, Mark S., Anyane-Yeboa, Adjoa, Shebl, Fatma M., Astley, Christina M., Figueiredo, Jane C., Guo, Chuan-Guo, Ma, Wenjie, Mehta, Raaj S., Kwon, Sohee, Song, Mingyang, Davies, Richard, Capdevila, Joan, Sudre, Carole H., Wolf, Jonathan, Cozier, Yvette C., Rosenberg, Lynn, Wilkens, Lynne R., Haiman, Christopher A., Marchand, Loïc Le, Palmer, Julie R., Spector, Tim D., Ourselin, Sebastien, Steves, Claire J., and Chan, Andrew T.

Published
2021
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9. Alcohol intake and endogenous sex hormones in women: meta-analysis of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization

Author

Tin, Sandar Tin, primary, Smith-Byrne, Karl, additional, Ferrari, Pietro, additional, Rinaldi, Sabina, additional, McCullough, Marjorie L, additional, Teras, Lauren R, additional, Manjer, Jonas, additional, Giles, Graham, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Haiman, Christopher A, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R, additional, Chen, Yu, additional, Hankinson, Sue, additional, Tworoger, Shelley, additional, Eliassen, A Heather, additional, Willett, Walter C, additional, Ziegler, Regina G, additional, Fuhrman, Barbara J, additional, Sieri, Sabina, additional, Agnoli, Claudia, additional, Cauley, Jane, additional, Menon, Usha, additional, Fourkala, Evangelia Ourania, additional, Rohan, Thomas E, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Reeves, Gillian K, additional, and Key, Timothy J, additional

Published
2023
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13. Supplemental Tables 1-4 from Inclusion of a Genetic Risk Score into a Validated Risk Prediction Model for Colorectal Cancer in Japanese Men Improves Performance

Author

Iwasaki, Motoki, primary, Tanaka-Mizuno, Sachiko, primary, Kuchiba, Aya, primary, Yamaji, Taiki, primary, Sawada, Norie, primary, Goto, Atsushi, primary, Shimazu, Taichi, primary, Sasazuki, Shizuka, primary, Wang, Hansong, primary, Marchand, Loïc Le, primary, and Tsugane, Shoichiro, primary

Published
2023
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14. Association of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals With the Metabolic Syndrome Among Women in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Author

Ihenacho, Ugonna, Guillermo, Cherie, Wilkens, Lynne R, Franke, Adrian A, Tseng, Chiuchen, Li, Yuqing, Sangaramoorthy, Meera, Derouen, Mindy C, Haiman, Christopher A, Stram, Daniel O, Marchand, Loïc Le, Cheng, Iona, and Wu, Anna H

Subjects
ENDOCRINE disruptors, METABOLIC syndrome, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, HDL cholesterol, AFRICAN American women, COHORT analysis
Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death among women. MetS is a diagnosis of at least 3 of the following: high blood pressure, high fasting glucose, high triglycerides, high waist circumference, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Epidemiological studies suggest that endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) exposure is positively associated with individual components of MetS, but evidence of an association between EDCs and MetS remains inconsistent. In a cross-sectional analysis within the Multiethnic Cohort Study, we evaluated the association between 4 classes of urinary EDCs (bisphenol A [BPA], triclosan, parabens, and phthalates) and MetS among 1728 women. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% CI for the association between tertiles of each EDC and MetS adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), racial and ethnic group, and breast cancer status. Stratified analyses by race and ethnicity and BMI were conducted. MetS was identified in 519 (30.0%) women. We did not detect statistically significant associations of MetS with BPA, triclosan, or phthalate metabolite excretion. MetS was inversely associated with total parabens (P trend =.002). Although there were suggestive inverse associations between EDCs and MetS among Latino and African American women, and women with BMI < 30 kg/m2, there was no statistically significant heterogeneity in associations by race and ethnicity or BMI. These findings suggest an inverse association between parabens and MetS in larger multiethnic studies. Prospective analyses to investigate suggested differences in associations by race, ethnicity, and BMI are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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15. Association between circulating inflammatory markers and adult cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis

Author

Yarmolinsky, James, Robinson, Jamie W, Mariosa, Daniela, Karhunen, Ville, Huang, Jian, Dimou, Niki, Murphy, Neil, Burrows, Kimberley, Bouras, Emmanouil, Smith-Byrne, Karl, Lewis, Sarah J, Galesloot, Tessel E, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Vermeulen, Sita, Martin, Paul, Albanes, Demetrius, Hou, Lifang, Newcomb, Polly A, White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Wu, Anna H, Marchand, Loïc Le, Phipps, Amanda I, Buchanan, Daniel D, Zhao, Sizheng Steven, Gill, Dipender, Chanock, Stephen J, Purdue, Mark P, Smith, George Davey, Brennan, Paul, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Dehghan, Abbas, Johansson, Mattias, Gunter, Marc J, Tsilidis, Kostas K, and Martin, Richard M

Subjects
Article
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Tumour-promoting inflammation is a “hallmark” of cancer and conventional epidemiological studies have reported links between various inflammatory markers and cancer risk. The causal nature of these relationships and, thus, the suitability of these markers as intervention targets for cancer prevention is unclear. METHODS: We meta-analysed 6 genome-wide association studies of circulating inflammatory markers comprising 59,969 participants of European ancestry. We then used combined cis -Mendelian randomization and colocalisation analysis to evaluate the causal role of 66 circulating inflammatory markers in risk of 30 adult cancers in 338,162 cancer cases and up to 824,556 controls. Genetic instruments for inflammatory markers were constructed using genome-wide significant ( P < 5.0 x 10 (-8) ) cis -acting SNPs (i.e. in or ±250 kb from the gene encoding the relevant protein) in weak linkage disequilibrium (LD, r (2) < 0.10). Effect estimates were generated using inverse-variance weighted random-effects models and standard errors were inflated to account for weak LD between variants with reference to the 1000 Genomes Phase 3 CEU panel. A false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P -value (“ q -value”) < 0.05 was used as a threshold to define “strong evidence” to support associations and 0.05 ≤ q -value < 0.20 to define “suggestive evidence”. A colocalisation posterior probability (PPH (4) ) > 70% was employed to indicate support for shared causal variants across inflammatory markers and cancer outcomes. RESULTS: We found strong evidence to support an association of genetically-proxied circulating pro-adrenomedullin concentrations with increased breast cancer risk (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.10-1.29, q -value=0.033, PPH (4) =84.3%) and suggestive evidence to support associations of interleukin-23 receptor concentrations with increased pancreatic cancer risk (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.20-1.69, q -value=0.055, PPH (4) =73.9%), prothrombin concentrations with decreased basal cell carcinoma risk (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.53-0.81, q -value=0.067, PPH (4) =81.8%), macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations with increased bladder cancer risk (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.23, q -value=0.072, PPH (4) =76.1%), and interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 concentrations with decreased triple-negative breast cancer risk (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88-0.97, q -value=0.15), PPH (4) =85.6%). For 22 of 30 cancer outcomes examined, there was little evidence ( q -value ≥ 0.20) that any of the 66 circulating inflammatory markers examined were associated with cancer risk. CONCLUSION: Our comprehensive joint Mendelian randomization and colocalisation analysis of the role of circulating inflammatory markers in cancer risk identified potential roles for 5 circulating inflammatory markers in risk of 5 site-specific cancers. Contrary to reports from some prior conventional epidemiological studies, we found little evidence of association of circulating inflammatory markers with the majority of site-specific cancers evaluated.

Published
2023

16. Supplemental Figure 1 from Contextual Impact of Neighborhood Obesogenic Factors on Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort

Author

Conroy, Shannon M., primary, Clarke, Christina A., primary, Yang, Juan, primary, Shariff-Marco, Salma, primary, Shvetsov, Yurii B., primary, Park, Song-Yi, primary, Albright, Cheryl L., primary, Hertz, Andrew, primary, Monroe, Kristine R., primary, Kolonel, Laurence N., primary, Marchand, Loïc Le, primary, Wilkens, Lynne R., primary, Gomez, Scarlett Lin, primary, and Cheng, Iona, primary

Published
2023
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18. Supplemental Table 1 from Contextual Impact of Neighborhood Obesogenic Factors on Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort

Author

Conroy, Shannon M., primary, Clarke, Christina A., primary, Yang, Juan, primary, Shariff-Marco, Salma, primary, Shvetsov, Yurii B., primary, Park, Song-Yi, primary, Albright, Cheryl L., primary, Hertz, Andrew, primary, Monroe, Kristine R., primary, Kolonel, Laurence N., primary, Marchand, Loïc Le, primary, Wilkens, Lynne R., primary, Gomez, Scarlett Lin, primary, and Cheng, Iona, primary

Published
2023
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19. Supplemental Table 2 from Contextual Impact of Neighborhood Obesogenic Factors on Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort

Author

Conroy, Shannon M., primary, Clarke, Christina A., primary, Yang, Juan, primary, Shariff-Marco, Salma, primary, Shvetsov, Yurii B., primary, Park, Song-Yi, primary, Albright, Cheryl L., primary, Hertz, Andrew, primary, Monroe, Kristine R., primary, Kolonel, Laurence N., primary, Marchand, Loïc Le, primary, Wilkens, Lynne R., primary, Gomez, Scarlett Lin, primary, and Cheng, Iona, primary

Published
2023
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27. Diet Quality and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort.

Author

Steel, Heather, Song-Yi Park, Lim, Tiffany, Stram, Daniel O., Boushey, Carol J., Hébert, James R., Marchand, Loïc Le, Wu, Anna H., and Setiawan, Veronica Wendy

Abstract

Background: Data on diet quality and pancreatic cancer are limited. We examined the relationship between diet quality, assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), the alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score and the energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII), and pancreatic cancer incidence in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Methods: Diet quality scores were calculated from a validated food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline. Cox models were used to calculate HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, diabetes, family history of pancreatic cancer, physical activity, smoking variables, total energy intake, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption. Stratified analyses by sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, and BMI were conducted. Results: Over an average follow-up of 19.3 years, 1,779 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified among 177,313 participants (average age of 60.2 years at baseline, 1993-1996). Overall, we did not observe associations between the dietary pattern scores and pancreatic cancer (aMED: 0.98; 95% CI, 0.83-1.16; HEI-2015: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.88-1.21; AHEI-2010: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.88-1.20; DASH: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.79-1.08; E-DII: 1.05; 95% CI, 0.89-1.23). An inverse association was observed with DASH for ever smokers (HR, 0.75; 0.61-0.93), but not for nonsmokers (HR, 1.05; 0.83-1.32). Conclusions: The DASH diet showed an inverse association with pancreatic cancer among ever smokers, but does not show a protective association overall. Impact: Modifiable measures are needed to reduce pancreatic cancer burden in these high-risk populations; our study adds to the discussion of the benefit of dietary changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Abstract PO-175: Neighborhood segregation typology and breast cancer risk: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Author

Sangaramoorthy, Meera, primary, Gibbons, Joseph, additional, Yang, Juan, additional, Lin, Katherine, additional, Li, Yuqing, additional, Khan-Gates, Jenna A, additional, Inamdar, Pushkar, additional, Haiman, Christopher A., additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R, additional, Gomez, Scarlett L., additional, Shariff-Marco, Salma, additional, and Cheng, Iona, additional

Published
2022
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30. Abstract PO-171: Local economic and racial/ethnic segregation and breast cancer risk: The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Author

Khan-Gates, Jenna, primary, Shariff-Marco, Salma, additional, Lin, Katherine, additional, Inamdar, Pushkar, additional, Yang, Juan, additional, Li, Yuqing, additional, Sangaramoorthy, Meera, additional, Haiman, Christopher, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R, additional, Gomez, Scarlett L, additional, and Cheng, Iona, additional

Published
2022
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31. Salicylic acid and risk of colorectal cancer: a two sample Mendelian randomization study

Author

Nounu, Aayah, primary, Richmond, Rebecca C, additional, Stewart, Isobel D, additional, Surendran, Praveen, additional, Wareham, Nicholas J., additional, Butterworth, Adam, additional, Weinstein, Stephanie J, additional, Albanes, Demetrius, additional, Baron, John A, additional, Hopper, John L, additional, Figueiredo, Jane C, additional, Newcomb, Polly A, additional, Lindor, Noralane M, additional, Casey, Graham, additional, Platz, Elizabeth A, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Ulrich, Cornelia M, additional, Li, Christopher I, additional, van Duijnhoven, Fränzel JB, additional, Gsur, Andrea, additional, Campbell, Peter T, additional, Moreno, Víctor, additional, Vodicka, Pavel, additional, Vodickova, Ludmila, additional, Amitay, Efrat, additional, Alwers, Elizabeth, additional, Chang-Claude, Jenny, additional, Sakoda, Lori C, additional, Slattery, Martha L, additional, Schoen, Robert E, additional, Gunter, Marc J, additional, Castellví-Bel, Sergi, additional, Kim, Hyeong Rok, additional, Kweon, Sun-Seog, additional, Chan, Andrew T, additional, Li, Li, additional, Zheng, Wei, additional, Bishop, D Timothy, additional, Buchanan, Daniel D, additional, Giles, Graham G, additional, Gruber, Stephen B, additional, Rennert, Gad, additional, Stadler, Zsofia K, additional, Harrison, Tabitha A, additional, Lin, Yi, additional, Keku, Temitope O, additional, Woods, Michael O, additional, Schafmayer, Clemens, additional, Van Guelpen, Bethany, additional, Gallinger, Steven, additional, Hampel, Heather, additional, Berndt, Sonja I, additional, Pharoah, Paul D P, additional, Lindblom, Annika, additional, Wolk, Alicja, additional, Wu, Anna H, additional, White, Emily, additional, Peters, Ulrike, additional, Drew, David A, additional, Scherer, Dominique, additional, Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo, additional, Brenner, Hermann, additional, Hoffmeister, Michael, additional, Williams, Ann C, additional, and Relton, Caroline L, additional

Published
2021
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32. Additional file 1 of Urinary phthalate exposures and risk of breast cancer: the Multiethnic Cohort study

Author

Wu, Anna H., Franke, Adrian A., Wilkens, Lynne R., Chiuchen Tseng, Conroy, Shannon M., Yuqing Li, Polfus, Linda M., De Rouen, Mindy, Caberto, Christian, Haiman, Christopher, Stram, Daniel O., Marchand, Loïc Le, and Cheng, Iona

Abstract

Additional file 1: Supplement Table 1. Molecular weight of phthalate metabolites and phthalic acid and samples with lower limit of detection (LLOD), and geometric mean (95%CI) of phthalate metabolites and summary variables of phthalates (μg/g creatinine) by study area and by race/ethnicity. Supplementary Table 2. Pairwise Spearman’s correlations between individual phthalate biomarkers and summation variables among controls. Supplementary Table 3. Associations of risk (OR and 95% CI) a of hormone receptor positive (HR+) and HR negative (HR-) invasive breast cancers with summary phthalate exposures by race/ethnicity. Supplemental Table 4. Distribution of covariates by tertiles of total phthalate exposure (∑LMHMPA).

Published
2021
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33. Additional file 1 of Utility of self-rated adherence for monitoring dietary and physical activity compliance and assessment of participant feedback of the Healthy Diet and Lifestyle Study pilot

Author

O’Reilly, Holly, Panizza, Chloe E., Unhee Lim, Yonemori, Kim M., Wilkens, Lynne R., Shvetsov, Yurii B., Harvie, Michelle N., Shepherd, John, Fengqing Maggie Zhu, Marchand, Loïc Le, Boushey, Carol J., and Cassel, Kevin D.

Abstract

Additional file 1. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a pilot or feasibility trial*.

Published
2021
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34. Cancer Mortality Patterns by Birthplace and Generation Status of Mexican Latinos: The Multiethnic Cohort.

Author

Chen, Hongjie, Wu, Anna H, Wang, Songren, Bookstein, Arthur, Marchand, Loïc Le, Wilkens, Lynne R, Haiman, Christopher A, Cheng, Iona, Monroe, Kristine R, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, and Le Marchand, Loïc

Abstract

Background: Latinos are the largest minority group in the United States. We assessed cancer mortality by birthplace and generation status of Mexican Latinos in the Multiethnic Cohort.Methods: We included 26 751 Latinos of Mexican origin and 6093 non-Latino Whites aged 45-74 years at cohort entry (1993-1996) from the California Multiethnic Cohort component. The Mexican Latinos comprised 42% first-generation Mexico-born immigrants, 42% second-generation (28% US-born with both parents Mexico-born and 14% US-born with 1 parent US-born and 1 parent Mexico-born), and 16% third-generation or more who were US-born with both parents US-born. Multivariable Cox models were used to calculate covariate adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for overall and site-specific cancer mortality by birthplace and generation status. All statistical tests were 2-sided.Results: Cancer death rate was highest among the US-born with 1 parent US-born and 1 parent Mexico-born (age-adjusted rate = 471.0 per 100 000 person-years) and US-born with both parents US-born (age-adjusted rate = 469.0 per 100 000 person-years) groups. The US-born with both parents Mexico-born group had a 30% (hazard ratio = 1.30, 95% confidence interval = 1.18 to 1.44) higher risk of cancer death than the first-generation Mexico-born immigrants group, showing US birthplace was associated with an elevated cancer mortality. For cancer-specific mortality, US birthplace was positively associated with colorectal, liver and lung, and ovarian cancer (P values ranged from .04 to .005). Among US-born Mexican Latinos, generation status was not statistically significantly associated with overall cancer or site-specific cancer mortality.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that US birthplace is a risk factor for cancer death in Mexican Americans. Identification of the contributing factors is important to curtail patterns of increasing cancer mortality in US-born Mexican Latinos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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36. No Difference in Penetrance between Truncating and Missense/Aberrant Splicing Pathogenic Variants in MLH1 and MSH2: A Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database Study

Author

Dominguez-Valentin, Mev, primary, Plazzer, John-Paul, additional, Sampson, Julian R., additional, Engel, Christoph, additional, Aretz, Stefan, additional, Jenkins, Mark A., additional, Sunde, Lone, additional, Bernstein, Inge, additional, Capella, Gabriel, additional, Balaguer, Francesc, additional, Macrae, Finlay, additional, Winship, Ingrid M., additional, Thomas, Huw, additional, Evans, Dafydd Gareth, additional, Burn, John, additional, Greenblatt, Marc, additional, de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel, Wouter H., additional, Sijmons, Rolf H., additional, Nielsen, Maartje, additional, Bertario, Lucio, additional, Bonanni, Bernardo, additional, Tibiletti, Maria Grazia, additional, Cavestro, Giulia Martina, additional, Lindblom, Annika, additional, Valle, Adriana Della, additional, Lopez-Kostner, Francisco, additional, Alvarez, Karin, additional, Gluck, Nathan, additional, Katz, Lior, additional, Heinimann, Karl, additional, Vaccaro, Carlos A., additional, Nakken, Sigve, additional, Hovig, Eivind, additional, Green, Kate, additional, Lalloo, Fiona, additional, Hill, James, additional, Vasen, Hans F. A., additional, Perne, Claudia, additional, Büttner, Reinhard, additional, Görgens, Heike, additional, Holinski-Feder, Elke, additional, Morak, Monika, additional, Holzapfel, Stefanie, additional, Hüneburg, Robert, additional, von Knebel Doeberitz, Magnus, additional, Loeffler, Markus, additional, Rahner, Nils, additional, Weitz, Jürgen, additional, Steinke-Lange, Verena, additional, Schmiegel, Wolff, additional, Vangala, Deepak, additional, Crosbie, Emma J., additional, Pineda, Marta, additional, Navarro, Matilde, additional, Brunet, Joan, additional, Moreira, Leticia, additional, Sánchez, Ariadna, additional, Serra-Burriel, Miquel, additional, Mints, Miriam, additional, Kariv, Revital, additional, Rosner, Guy, additional, Piñero, Tamara Alejandra, additional, Pavicic, Walter Hernán, additional, Kalfayan, Pablo, additional, Broeke, Sanne W. ten, additional, Mecklin, Jukka-Pekka, additional, Pylvänäinen, Kirsi, additional, Renkonen-Sinisalo, Laura, additional, Lepistö, Anna, additional, Peltomäki, Päivi, additional, Hopper, John L., additional, Win, Aung Ko, additional, Buchanan, Daniel D., additional, Lindor, Noralane M., additional, Gallinger, Steven, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Newcomb, Polly A., additional, Figueiredo, Jane C., additional, Thibodeau, Stephen N., additional, Therkildsen, Christina, additional, Hansen, Thomas V. O., additional, Lindberg, Lars, additional, Rødland, Einar Andreas, additional, Neffa, Florencia, additional, Esperon, Patricia, additional, Tjandra, Douglas, additional, Möslein, Gabriela, additional, Seppälä, Toni T., additional, and Møller, Pål, additional

Published
2021
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37. Food Intakes Mediate Ethnic Differences in the Gut Microbiome

Author

Borrello, Kirra, primary, Park, Song-Yi, additional, Lim, Unhee, additional, Maskarinec, Gertraud, additional, Boushey, Carol, additional, Wilkens, Lynne, additional, Randolph, Timothy, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Hullar, Meredith, additional, and Lampe, Johanna, additional

Published
2021
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38. Nongenetic Determinants of Risk for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Author

Archambault, Alexi N, primary, Lin, Yi, additional, Jeon, Jihyoun, additional, Harrison, Tabitha A, additional, Bishop, D Timothy, additional, Brenner, Hermann, additional, Casey, Graham, additional, Chan, Andrew T, additional, Chang-Claude, Jenny, additional, Figueiredo, Jane C, additional, Gallinger, Steven, additional, Gruber, Stephen B, additional, Gunter, Marc J, additional, Hoffmeister, Michael, additional, Jenkins, Mark A, additional, Keku, Temitope O, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Li, Li, additional, Moreno, Victor, additional, Newcomb, Polly A, additional, Pai, Rish, additional, Parfrey, Patrick S, additional, Rennert, Gad, additional, Sakoda, Lori C, additional, Sandler, Robert S, additional, Slattery, Martha L, additional, Song, Mingyang, additional, Win, Aung Ko, additional, Woods, Michael O, additional, Murphy, Neil, additional, Campbell, Peter T, additional, Su, Yu-Ru, additional, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, additional, Liang, Peter S, additional, Du, Mengmeng, additional, Hsu, Li, additional, Peters, Ulrike, additional, and Hayes, Richard B, additional

Published
2021
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39. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Lung Cancer Screening by the 2021 USPSTF Guidelines Versus Risk-Based Criteria: The Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Author

Aredo, Jacqueline V, Choi, Eunji, Ding, Victoria Y, Tammemägi, Martin C, Haaf, Kevin ten, Luo, Sophia J, Freedman, Neal D, Wilkens, Lynne R, Marchand, Loïc Le, Wakelee, Heather A, Meza, Rafael, Park, Sung-Shim Lani, Cheng, Iona, and Han, Summer S

Subjects
LUNG cancer, COHORT analysis
Abstract

Background In 2021, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) revised its lung cancer screening guidelines to expand screening eligibility. We evaluated screening sensitivities and racial and ethnic disparities under the 2021 USPSTF criteria vs alternative risk-based criteria in a racially and ethnically diverse population. Methods In the Multiethnic Cohort, we evaluated the proportion of ever-smoking lung cancer cases eligible for screening (ie, screening sensitivity) under the 2021 USPSTF criteria and under risk-based criteria through the PLCOm2012 model (6-year risk ≥1.51%). We also calculated the screening disparity (ie, absolute sensitivity difference) for each of 4 racial or ethnic groups (African American, Japanese American, Latino, Native Hawaiian) vs White cases. Results Among 5900 lung cancer cases, 43.3% were screen eligible under the 2021 USPSTF criteria. Screening sensitivities varied by race and ethnicity, with Native Hawaiian (56.7%) and White (49.6%) cases attaining the highest sensitivities and Latino (37.3%), African American (38.4%), and Japanese American (40.0%) cases attaining the lowest. Latino cases had the greatest screening disparity vs White cases at 12.4%, followed by African American (11.2%) and Japanese American (9.6%) cases. Under risk-based screening, the overall screening sensitivity increased to 75.7%, and all racial and ethnic groups had increased sensitivities (54.5%-91.9%). Whereas the screening disparity decreased to 5.1% for African American cases, it increased to 28.6% for Latino cases and 12.8% for Japanese American cases. Conclusions In the Multiethnic Cohort, racial and ethnic disparities decreased but persisted under the 2021 USPSTF lung cancer screening guidelines. Risk-based screening through PLCOm2012 may increase screening sensitivities and help to reduce disparities in some, but not all, racial and ethnic groups. Further optimization of risk-based screening strategies across diverse populations is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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40. Neighborhood Obesogenic Environment and Risk of Prostate Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort.

Author

DeRouen, Mindy C., Li Tao, Shariff-Marco, Salma, Juan Yang, Shvetsov, Yurii B., Song-Yi Park, Albright, Cheryl L., Monroe, Kristine R., Marchand, Loïc Le, Wilkens, Lynne R., Gomez, Scarlett Lin, and Iona Cheng

Abstract

Background: Obesity is associated with risk of aggressive prostate cancer. It is not known whether neighborhood obesogenic factors are independently associated with prostate cancer risk. Methods: Neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) and four neighborhood obesogenic environment factors (urbanicity, mixed-land development, unhealthy food environment, and parks) were assessed for associations with prostate cancer risk among 41,563 African American, Japanese American, Latino, and White males in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study, California site. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for nonaggressive and aggressive prostate cancer, adjusting for individual-level sociodemographic, behavioral, and prostate cancer risk factors. Analyses were stratified by race, ethnicity, and, among Latino males, nativity. Results: Males residing in low-SES, compared with high-SES, neighborhoods had lower risk of nonaggressive prostate cancer [lowest vs. highest quintile HR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.68-0.95, Ptrend 0.024], driven by a similar trend among foreign-born Latino males. Foreign-born Latino males in neighborhoods with low mixed-land development had increased risk of non-aggressive disease (lowest vs. highest quintile HR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.07-2.09). For aggressive disease, the only association noted was between lower mixed-land development and lower risk among White males (Ptrend = 0.040). Conclusions: nSES and obesogenic environment factors were independently associated with prostate cancer risk; associations varied by race, ethnicity, nativity, and disease aggressiveness. Impact: Upstream structural and social determinants of health that contribute to neighborhood obesogenic characteristics likely impact prostate cancer risk differently across groups defined by race, ethnicity, and nativity and by disease aggressiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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41. Risk Stratification for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Using a Combination of Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores: An International Multi-Center Study.

Author

Archambault, Alexi N, Jeon, Jihyoun, Lin, Yi, Thomas, Minta, Harrison, Tabitha A, Bishop, D Timothy, Brenner, Hermann, Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Figueiredo, Jane C, Gallinger, Steven, Gruber, Stephen B, Gunter, Marc J, Guo, Feng, Hoffmeister, Michael, Jenkins, Mark A, Keku, Temitope O, Marchand, Loïc Le, and Li, Li

Subjects
RESEARCH, RESEARCH methodology, SOCIAL networks, EARLY detection of cancer, MEDICAL screening, EVALUATION research, COLORECTAL cancer, RISK assessment, COMPARATIVE studies, PSYCHOLOGICAL tests, DISEASE susceptibility, RESEARCH funding
Abstract

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among individuals aged younger than 50 years has been increasing. As screening guidelines lower the recommended age of screening initiation, concerns including the burden on screening capacity and costs have been recognized, suggesting that an individualized approach may be warranted. We developed risk prediction models for early-onset CRC that incorporate an environmental risk score (ERS), including 16 lifestyle and environmental factors, and a polygenic risk score (PRS) of 141 variants.Methods: Relying on risk score weights for ERS and PRS derived from studies of CRC at all ages, we evaluated risks for early-onset CRC in 3486 cases and 3890 controls aged younger than 50 years. Relative and absolute risks for early-onset CRC were assessed according to values of the ERS and PRS. The discriminatory performance of these scores was estimated using the covariate-adjusted area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.Results: Increasing values of ERS and PRS were associated with increasing relative risks for early-onset CRC (odds ratio per SD of ERS = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08 to 1.20; odds ratio per SD of PRS = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.51 to 1.68), both contributing to case-control discrimination (area under the curve = 0.631, 95% CI = 0.615 to 0.647). Based on absolute risks, we can expect 26 excess cases per 10 000 men and 21 per 10 000 women among those scoring at the 90th percentile for both risk scores.Conclusions: Personal risk scores have the potential to identify individuals at differential relative and absolute risk for early-onset CRC. Improved discrimination may aid in targeted CRC screening of younger, high-risk individuals, potentially improving outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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42. The Survival Impact of Second Primary Lung Cancer in Patients With Lung Cancer.

Author

Choi, Eunji, Luo, Sophia J, Aredo, Jacqueline V, Backhus, Leah M, Wilkens, Lynne R, Su, Chloe C, Neal, Joel W, Marchand, Loïc Le, Cheng, Iona, Wakelee, Heather A, Han, Summer S, and Le Marchand, Loïc

Subjects
LUNGS, LUNG tumors, TUMOR classification, SECONDARY primary cancer, RESEARCH funding, SMOKING, LONGITUDINAL method
Abstract

Background: Lung cancer survivors have a high risk of developing second primary lung cancer (SPLC), but little is known about the survival impact of SPLC diagnosis.Methods: We analyzed data from 138 969 patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), who were surgically treated for initial primary lung cancer (IPLC) in 1988-2013. Each patient was followed from the date of IPLC diagnosis to SPLC diagnosis (for those with SPLC) and last vital status through 2016. We performed multivariable Cox regression to evaluate the association between overall survival and SPLC diagnosis as a time-varying predictor. To investigate potential effect modification, we tested interaction between SPLC and IPLC stage. Using data from the Multiethnic Cohort Study (MEC) (n = 1540 IPLC patients with surgery), we evaluated the survival impact of SPLC by smoking status. All statistical tests were 2-sided.Results: A total of 12 115 (8.7%) patients developed SPLC in SEER over 700 421 person-years of follow-up. Compared with patients with single primary lung cancer, those with SPLC had statistically significantly reduced overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.06 to 2.17; P < .001). The effect of SPLC on reduced survival was more pronounced among patients with early stage IPLC vs advanced-stage IPLC (HR = 2.14, 95% CI = 2.08 to 2.20, vs HR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.21 to 1.70, respectively; Pinteraction < .001). Analysis using MEC data showed that the effect of SPLC on reduced survival was statistically significantly larger among persons who actively smoked at initial diagnosis vs those who formerly or never smoked (HR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.48 to 3.61, vs HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 0.98 to 2.03, respectively; Pinteraction = .04).Conclusions: SPLC diagnosis is statistically significantly associated with decreased survival in SEER and MEC. Intensive surveillance targeting patients with early stage IPLC and active smoking at IPLC diagnosis may lead to a larger survival benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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43. Genome-wide Association Study of Pancreatic Fat: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study

Author

Streicher, Samantha A, primary, Lim, Unhee, additional, Park, S. Lani, additional, Li, Yuqing, additional, Sheng, Xin, additional, Hom, Victor, additional, Xia, Lucy, additional, Pooler, Loreall, additional, Shepherd, John, additional, Loo, Lenora WM, additional, Darst, Burcu F, additional, Highland, Heather M, additional, Polfus, Linda M, additional, Bogumil, David, additional, Ernst, Thomas, additional, Buchthal, Steven, additional, Franke, Adrian A, additional, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, additional, Tiirikainen, Maarit, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R, additional, Haiman, Christopher A, additional, Stram, Daniel O, additional, Cheng, Iona, additional, and Marchand, Loïc Le, additional

Published
2021
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44. Assessment of a Polygenic Risk Score for Colorectal Cancer to Predict Risk of Lynch Syndrome Colorectal Cancer

Author

Jenkins, Mark A, primary, Buchanan, Daniel D, additional, Lai, John, additional, Makalic, Enes, additional, Dite, Gillian S, additional, Win, Aung K, additional, Clendenning, Mark, additional, Winship, Ingrid M, additional, Hayes, Richard B, additional, Huyghe, Jeroen R, additional, Peters, Ulrike, additional, Gallinger, Steven, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Figueiredo, Jane C, additional, Pai, Rish K, additional, Newcomb, Polly A, additional, Church, James M, additional, Casey, Graham, additional, and Hopper, John L, additional

Published
2021
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45. TITLE: Utility of self-rated adherence for monitoring dietary and physical activity compliance and assessment of participant feedback of the Healthy Diet and Lifestyle Study pilot.

Author

O’Reilly, Holly, primary, Panizza, Chloe, additional, Lim, Unhee, additional, Yonemori, Kim M, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R, additional, Shvetsov, Yurii B, additional, Harvie, Michelle N, additional, Shepherd, John, additional, Zhu, Fengqing Maggie, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Boushey, Carol J, additional, and Cassel, Kevin D, additional

Published
2021
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46. Circulating bilirubin levels and risk of colorectal cancer: serological and Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Khoei, Nazlisadat Seyed, Jenab, Mazda, Murphy, Neil, Banbury, Barbara L., Carreras Torres, Robert, Viallon, Vivian, Kühn, Tilman, Bueno de Mesquita, H. Bas, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Cross, Amanda J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Stepien, Magdalena, Bulmer, Andrew, Tjønneland, Anne, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Severi, Gianluca, Carbonnel, Franck, Katzke, Verena, Boeing, Heiner, Bergmann, Manuela M., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Karakatsani, Anna, Martimianaki, Georgia, Palli, Domenico, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Panico, Salvatore, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Skeie, Guri, Merino, Susana, Bonet Bonet, Catalina, Rodríguez Barranco, Miguel, Gil, Leire, Chirlaque, María Dolores, Ardanaz, Eva, Myte, Robin, Hultdin, Johan, Pérez Cornago, Aurora, Aune, Dagfinn, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Albanes, Demetrius, Baron, John A., Berndt, Sonja I., Bézieau, Stéphane, Brenner, Hermann, Campbell, Peter T., Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T., Chang Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Cotterchio, Michelle, Gallinger, Steven, Gruber, Stephen B., Haile, Robert W., Hampe, Jochen, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L., Hsu, Li, Huyghe, Jeroen R., Jenkins, Mark A., Joshi, Amit D., Kampman, Ellen, Larsson, Susanna C., Marchand, Loïc Le, Li, Christopher I., Li, Li, Lindblom, Annika, Lindor, Noralane M., Martín Sánchez, Vicente, Moreno Aguado, Víctor, Newcomb, Polly A., Offit, Kenneth, Ogino, Shuji, Parfrey, Patrick S., Pharoah, Paul D. P., Rennert, Gad, Sakoda, Lori C., Schafmayer, Clemens, Schmit, Stephanie L., Schoen, Robert E., Slattery, Martha L., Thibodeau, Stephen N., Ulrich, Cornelia M., van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B., Weigl, Korbinian, Weinstein, Stephanie J., White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Woods, Michael O., Wu, Anna H., Zhang, Xuehong, Ferrari, Pietro, Anton, Gabriele, Peters, Annette, Peters, Ulrike, Gunter, Marc J., Wagner, Karl-Heinz, Freisling, Heinz, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, and Pharoah, Paul [0000-0001-8494-732X]

Subjects
Adult, Male, Nutrition and Disease, Mendelian randomization analysis, lcsh:Medicine, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Antioxidants, Càncer colorectal, Risk Factors, Voeding en Ziekte, Humans, Prospective Studies, VLAG, Cancer, Aged, lcsh:R, Bilirubin, Middle Aged, Colorectal cancer, Europe, Case-Control Studies, Anti-oxidants, Female, Colorectal Neoplasms, Research Article
Abstract

Background: Bilirubin, a byproduct of hemoglobin breakdown and purported anti-oxidant, is thought to be cancer preventive. We conducted complementary serological and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate whether alterations in circulating levels of bilirubin are associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We decided a priori to perform analyses separately in men and women based on suggestive evidence that associations may differ by sex. Methods: In a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), pre-diagnostic unconjugated bilirubin (UCB, the main component of total bilirubin) concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography in plasma samples of 1386 CRC cases and their individually matched controls. Additionally, 115 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated (P < 5 × 10−8) with circulating total bilirubin were instrumented in a 2-sample MR to test for a potential causal effect of bilirubin on CRC risk in 52,775 CRC cases and 45,940 matched controls in the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), the Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR), and the Colorectal Transdisciplinary (CORECT) study. Results: The associations between circulating UCB levels and CRC risk differed by sex (Pheterogeneity = 0.008). Among men, higher levels of UCB were positively associated with CRC risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.04–1.36; per 1-SD increment of log-UCB). In women, an inverse association was observed (OR = 0.86 (0.76–0.97)). In the MR analysis of the main UGT1A1 SNP (rs6431625), genetically predicted higher levels of total bilirubin were associated with a 7% increase in CRC risk in men (OR = 1.07 (1.02–1.12); P = 0.006; per 1-SD increment of total bilirubin), while there was no association in women (OR = 1.01 (0.96–1.06); P = 0.73). Raised bilirubin levels, predicted by instrumental variables excluding rs6431625, were suggestive of an inverse association with CRC in men, but not in women. These differences by sex did not reach formal statistical significance (Pheterogeneity ≥ 0.2). Conclusions: Additional insight into the relationship between circulating bilirubin and CRC is needed in order to conclude on a potential causal role of bilirubin in CRC development.

Published
2020

47. The COronavirus Pandemic Epidemiology (COPE) Consortium: A Call to Action

Author

Chan, Andrew T, Drew, David A, Nguyen, Long H, Joshi, Amit D, Ma, Wenjie, Guo, Chuan-Guo, Lo, Chun-Han, Mehta, Raaj S, Kwon, Sohee, Sikavi, Daniel R, Magicheva-Gupta, Marina V, Fatehi, Zahra S, Flynn, Jacqueline J, Leonardo, Brianna M, Albert, Christine M, Andreotti, Gabriella, Beane-Freeman, Laura E, Balasubramanian, Bijal A, Brownstein, John S, Bruinsma, Fiona, Cowan, Annie N, Deka, Anusila, Ernst, Michael E, Figueiredo, Jane C, Franks, Paul W, Gardner, Christopher D, Ghobrial, Irene M, Haiman, Christopher A, Hall, Janet E, Deming-Halverson, Sandra L, Kirpach, Brenda, Lacey, James V, Marchand, Loïc Le, Marinac, Catherine R, Martinez, Maria Elena, Milne, Roger L, Murray, Anne M, Nash, Denis, Palmer, Julie R, Patel, Alpa V, Rosenberg, Lynn, Sandler, Dale P, Sharma, Shreela V, Schurman, Shepherd H, Wilkens, Lynne R, Chavarro, Jorge E, Eliassen, A Heather, Hart, Jaime E, Kang, Jae Hee, Koenen, Karestan C, Kubzansky, Laura D, Mucci, Lorelei A, Ourselin, Sebastien, Rich-Edwards, Janet W, Song, Mingyang, Stampfer, Meir J, Steves, Claire J, Willett, Walter C, Wolf, Jonathan, Spector, Tim, and COPE Consortium

Subjects
Epidemiology, COPE Consortium, Medical and Health Sciences, Betacoronavirus, Models, Clinical Research, Humans, Viral, Aetiology, Pandemics, Nutrition, Cancer, SARS-CoV-2, Data Collection, Prevention, COVID-19, Pneumonia, Biological, United States, United Kingdom, Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Pneumonia & Influenza, Public Health, Smartphone, Coronavirus Infections, Software, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution
Abstract

The rapid pace of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) pandemic presents challenges to the real-time collection of population-scale data to inform near-term public health needs as well as future investigations. We established the COronavirus Pandemic Epidemiology (COPE) consortium to address this unprecedented crisis on behalf of the epidemiology research community. As a central component of this initiative, we have developed a COVID Symptom Study (previously known as the COVID Symptom Tracker) mobile application as a common data collection tool for epidemiologic cohort studies with active study participants. This mobile application collects information on risk factors, daily symptoms, and outcomes through a user-friendly interface that minimizes participant burden. Combined with our efforts within the general population, data collected from nearly 3 million participants in the United States and United Kingdom are being used to address critical needs in the emergency response, including identifying potential hot spots of disease and clinically actionable risk factors. The linkage of symptom data collected in the app with information and biospecimens already collected in epidemiology cohorts will position us to address key questions related to diet, lifestyle, environmental, and socioeconomic factors on susceptibility to COVID-19, clinical outcomes related to infection, and long-term physical, mental health, and financial sequalae. We call upon additional epidemiology cohorts to join this collective effort to strengthen our impact on the current health crisis and generate a new model for a collaborative and nimble research infrastructure that will lead to more rapid translation of our work for the betterment of public health.

Published
2020

50. Utility of self-rated adherence for monitoring dietary and physical activity compliance&nbsp;and assessment of participant feedback of the Healthy Diet and Lifestyle Study pilot.

Author

O’Reilly, Holly, primary, Panizza, Chloe, additional, Lim, Unhee, additional, Yonemori, Kim M, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R, additional, Shvetsov, Yurii B, additional, Harvie, Michelle N, additional, Shepherd, John, additional, Zhu, Fengqing Maggie, additional, Marchand, Loïc Le, additional, Boushey, Carol J, additional, and Cassel, Kevin D, additional

Published
2020
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