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1. Insider Attack Model Against HSM-Based Architecture

Author

Marc Dib and Samuel Pierre

Subjects
Application server, cryptography, cybersecurity, confidentiality, hardware security module, insider attacks, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract

Data security is an increasingly important issue in 2023. Whether about user privacy, data availability, or integrity, consumer information is getting targeted by cyber-pirates for various motives. Many strategies and tools have been developed to keep outsider attackers from accessing server-side data, but there needs to be more solutions that target insider attacks. In this paper, we propose a combinatory attack model to identify the risks of insider attacks against HSM-based security architectures. Our proposed model is based on the study of attack vectors in the security architecture and the conduction of all possible attacks on those vectors. It shows that these typical architectures are vulnerable to private key theft and replacement and data theft, alteration, swapping, nullification, and deletion. Results show that we successfully conducted each attack on an HSM-based security architecture relatively easily. They prove the essential need for a security architecture considering insider threats.

Published
2023
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2. Echocardiography to predict tolerance to negative fluid balance in acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury

Author

Jérôme Allyn, Mathieu Desmard, Omar Daoud, Nicolas Allou, Marc Dib, Hervé Mentec, Parvine Tashk, Philippe Montravers, and Guillaume Dufour

Subjects
Male, ARDS, Acute Lung Injury, Lung injury, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Inferior vena cava, Predictive Value of Tests, Fraction of inspired oxygen, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Pulmonary wedge pressure, APACHE, Aged, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, Water-Electrolyte Balance, medicine.disease, Respiratory Function Tests, Intensive Care Units, medicine.vein, Echocardiography, Anesthesia, Female, business, Fluid balance
Abstract

Purpose In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI), a conservative fluid management strategy improves lung function but could jeopardize extrapulmonary organ perfusion. The objective was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of echocardiography to predict tolerance of negative fluid balance (NFB) in patients with ARDS/ALI. Materials and Methods A prospective and observational study in an adult intensive care unit of a university hospital was conducted. All hemodynamically stable patients with ARDS/ALI were included. Echocardiography was performed before NFB and again after 24 hours. Tolerance of NFB was evaluated by the presence of hypotension, acute kidney injury, or need for fluid expansion. The 2 patient groups (tolerating and not tolerating NFB) were compared. Results Forty-five patients were included. Median age (Q1-Q3) was 58 (52-66) years, and the ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen was 205 (163-258) mm Hg. Negative fluid balance was 1950 (1200-2200) mL within 24 hours in the tolerant group. Complications of NFB were observed in 35% cases. After univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyzes, 2 criteria was independently associates with poor tolerance: mitral inflow E wave to early diastolic mitral annulus velocities ratio (E/Ea ratio; odds ratio, 2.02 [1.02-4.02]; P = .04) and weight gain (odds ratio, 1.2 [1.03-1.4]; P = .02). The area under receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.74 for E/Ea and 0.77 for weight gain. Conclusions The ratio of E/Ea accurately predicted tolerance of NFB in patients with ARDS/ALI.

Published
2013

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