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We introduce deep neural networks for scanpath and saliency prediction trained on 360-degree images. The scanpath prediction model called SaltiNet is based on a temporal-aware novel representation of saliency information named the saliency volume. The first part of the network consists of a model trained to generate saliency volumes, whose parameters are fit by back-propagation using a binary cross entropy (BCE) loss over downsampled versions of the saliency volumes. Sampling strategies over these volumes are used to generate scanpaths over the 360-degree images. Our experiments show the advantages of using saliency volumes, and how they can be used for related tasks. We also show how a similar architecture achieves state-of-the-art performance for the related task of saliency map prediction. Our source code and trained models available at https://github.com/massens/saliency-360salient-2017.

We introduce SaltiNet, a deep neural network for scanpath prediction trained on 360-degree images. The model is based on a temporal-aware novel representation of saliency information named the saliency volume. The first part of the network consists of a model trained to generate saliency volumes, whose parameters are fit by back-propagation computed from a binary cross entropy (BCE) loss over downsampled versions of the saliency volumes. Sampling strategies over these volumes are used to generate scanpaths over the 360-degree images. Our experiments show the advantages of using saliency volumes, and how they can be used for related tasks. Our source code and trained models available at https://github.com/massens/saliency-360salient-2017., Winner of the Best Scan-path Award at the Salient360!: Visual attention modeling for 360 degrees Images Grand Challenge of ICME 2017. Presented at the ICCV 2017 Workshop on Egocentric Perception, Interaction and Computing (EPIC)

We introduce PathGAN, a deep neural network for visual scanpath prediction trained on adversarial examples. A visual scanpath is defined as the sequence of fixation points over an image defined by a human observer with its gaze. PathGAN is composed of two parts, the generator and the discriminator. Both parts extract features from images using off-the-shelf networks, and train recurrent layers to generate or discriminate scanpaths accordingly. In scanpath prediction, the stochastic nature of the data makes it very difficult to generate realistic predictions using supervised learning strategies, but we adopt adversarial training as a suitable alternative. Our experiments prove how PathGAN improves the state of the art of visual scanpath prediction on the iSUN and Salient360! datasets. Source code and models are available at https://imatge-upc.github.io/pathgan/, Comment: ECCV 2018 Workshop on Egocentric Perception, Interaction and Computing (EPIC). This work obtained the 2nd award in Prediction of Head-gaze Scan-paths for Images, and the 2nd award in Prediction of Eye-gaze Scan-paths for Images at the IEEE ICME 2018 Salient360! Challenge