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1. Widespread horse-based mobility arose around 2200 bce in Eurasia

Author

Librado, Pablo, Tressières, Gaetan, Chauvey, Lorelei, Fages, Antoine, Khan, Naveed, Schiavinato, Stéphanie, Calvière-Tonasso, Laure, Kusliy, Mariya A., Gaunitz, Charleen, Liu, Xuexue, Wagner, Stefanie, Der Sarkissian, Clio, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Perdereau, Aude, Aury, Jean-Marc, Southon, John, Shapiro, Beth, Bouchez, Olivier, Donnadieu, Cécile, Collin, Yvette Running Horse, Gregersen, Kristian M., Jessen, Mads Dengsø, Christensen, Kirsten, Claudi-Hansen, Lone, Pruvost, Mélanie, Pucher, Erich, Vulic, Hrvoje, Novak, Mario, Rimpf, Andrea, Turk, Peter, Reiter, Simone, Brem, Gottfried, Schwall, Christoph, Barrey, Éric, Robert, Céline, Degueurce, Christophe, Horwitz, Liora Kolska, Klassen, Lutz, Rasmussen, Uffe, Kveiborg, Jacob, Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær, Makowiecki, Daniel, Makarowicz, Przemysław, Szeliga, Marcin, Ilchyshyn, Vasyl, Rud, Vitalii, Romaniszyn, Jan, Mullin, Victoria E., Verdugo, Marta, Bradley, Daniel G., Cardoso, João L., Valente, Maria J., Telles Antunes, Miguel, Ameen, Carly, Thomas, Richard, Ludwig, Arne, Marzullo, Matilde, Prato, Ornella, Bagnasco Gianni, Giovanna, Tecchiati, Umberto, Granado, José, Schlumbaum, Angela, Deschler-Erb, Sabine, Mráz, Monika Schernig, Boulbes, Nicolas, Gardeisen, Armelle, Mayer, Christian, Döhle, Hans-Jürgen, Vicze, Magdolna, Kosintsev, Pavel A., Kyselý, René, Peške, Lubomír, O’Connor, Terry, Ananyevskaya, Elina, Shevnina, Irina, Logvin, Andrey, Kovalev, Alexey A., Iderkhangai, Tumur-Ochir, Sablin, Mikhail V., Dashkovskiy, Petr K., Graphodatsky, Alexander S., Merts, Ilia, Merts, Viktor, Kasparov, Aleksei K., Pitulko, Vladimir V., Onar, Vedat, Öztan, Aliye, Arbuckle, Benjamin S., McColl, Hugh, Renaud, Gabriel, Khaskhanov, Ruslan, Demidenko, Sergey, Kadieva, Anna, Atabiev, Biyaslan, Sundqvist, Marie, Lindgren, Gabriella, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Albizuri, Silvia, Trbojević Vukičević, Tajana, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Burić, Marcel, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Weinstock, Jaco, Asensio Vilaró, David, Codina, Ferran, García Dalmau, Cristina, Morer de Llorens, Jordi, Pou, Josep, de Prado, Gabriel, Sanmartí, Joan, Kallala, Nabil, Torres, Joan Ramon, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Belarte Franco, Maria-Carme, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Zazzo, Antoine, Lepetz, Sébastien, Duchesne, Sylvie, Alexeev, Anatoly, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Houle, Jean-Luc, Bayarkhuu, Noost, Turbat, Tsagaan, Crubézy, Éric, Shingiray, Irina, Mashkour, Marjan, Berezina, Natalia Ya., Korobov, Dmitriy S., Belinskiy, Andrey, Kalmykov, Alexey, Demoule, Jean-Paul, Reinhold, Sabine, Hansen, Svend, Wallner, Barbara, Roslyakova, Natalia, Kuznetsov, Pavel F., Tishkin, Alexey A., Wincker, Patrick, Kanne, Katherine, Outram, Alan, and Orlando, Ludovic

Published
2024
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2. Palaeogenomic analysis of black rat (Rattus rattus) reveals multiple European introductions associated with human economic history

Author

Yu, He, Jamieson, Alexandra, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, Conroy, Chris J., Knight, Becky, Speller, Camilla, Al-Jarah, Hiba, Eager, Heidi, Trinks, Alexandra, Adikari, Gamini, Baron, Henriette, Böhlendorf-Arslan, Beate, Bohingamuwa, Wijerathne, Crowther, Alison, Cucchi, Thomas, Esser, Kinie, Fleisher, Jeffrey, Gidney, Louisa, Gladilina, Elena, Gol’din, Pavel, Goodman, Steven M., Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila, Helm, Richard, Hillman, Jesse C., Kallala, Nabil, Kivikero, Hanna, Kovács, Zsófia E., Kunst, Günther Karl, Kyselý, René, Linderholm, Anna, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Marković, Nemanja, Morales-Muñiz, Arturo, Nabais, Mariana, O’Connor, Terry, Oueslati, Tarek, Quintana Morales, Eréndira M., Pasda, Kerstin, Perera, Jude, Perera, Nimal, Radbauer, Silvia, Ramon, Joan, Rannamäe, Eve, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, Treasure, Edward, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, van der Jagt, Inge, Van Neer, Wim, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Walker, Thomas, Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, Zeiler, Jørn, Dobney, Keith, Boivin, Nicole, Searle, Jeremy B., Krause-Kyora, Ben, Krause, Johannes, Larson, Greger, and Orton, David

Published
2022
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3. Widespread horse-based mobility arose around 2200 bcein Eurasia

Author

Librado, Pablo, Tressières, Gaetan, Chauvey, Lorelei, Fages, Antoine, Khan, Naveed, Schiavinato, Stéphanie, Calvière-Tonasso, Laure, Kusliy, Mariya A., Gaunitz, Charleen, Liu, Xuexue, Wagner, Stefanie, Der Sarkissian, Clio, Seguin-Orlando, Andaine, Perdereau, Aude, Aury, Jean-Marc, Southon, John, Shapiro, Beth, Bouchez, Olivier, Donnadieu, Cécile, Collin, Yvette Running Horse, Gregersen, Kristian M., Jessen, Mads Dengsø, Christensen, Kirsten, Claudi-Hansen, Lone, Pruvost, Mélanie, Pucher, Erich, Vulic, Hrvoje, Novak, Mario, Rimpf, Andrea, Turk, Peter, Reiter, Simone, Brem, Gottfried, Schwall, Christoph, Barrey, Éric, Robert, Céline, Degueurce, Christophe, Horwitz, Liora Kolska, Klassen, Lutz, Rasmussen, Uffe, Kveiborg, Jacob, Johannsen, Niels Nørkjær, Makowiecki, Daniel, Makarowicz, Przemysław, Szeliga, Marcin, Ilchyshyn, Vasyl, Rud, Vitalii, Romaniszyn, Jan, Mullin, Victoria E., Verdugo, Marta, Bradley, Daniel G., Cardoso, João L., Valente, Maria J., Telles Antunes, Miguel, Ameen, Carly, Thomas, Richard, Ludwig, Arne, Marzullo, Matilde, Prato, Ornella, Bagnasco Gianni, Giovanna, Tecchiati, Umberto, Granado, José, Schlumbaum, Angela, Deschler-Erb, Sabine, Mráz, Monika Schernig, Boulbes, Nicolas, Gardeisen, Armelle, Mayer, Christian, Döhle, Hans-Jürgen, Vicze, Magdolna, Kosintsev, Pavel A., Kyselý, René, Peške, Lubomír, O’Connor, Terry, Ananyevskaya, Elina, Shevnina, Irina, Logvin, Andrey, Kovalev, Alexey A., Iderkhangai, Tumur-Ochir, Sablin, Mikhail V., Dashkovskiy, Petr K., Graphodatsky, Alexander S., Merts, Ilia, Merts, Viktor, Kasparov, Aleksei K., Pitulko, Vladimir V., Onar, Vedat, Öztan, Aliye, Arbuckle, Benjamin S., McColl, Hugh, Renaud, Gabriel, Khaskhanov, Ruslan, Demidenko, Sergey, Kadieva, Anna, Atabiev, Biyaslan, Sundqvist, Marie, Lindgren, Gabriella, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Albizuri, Silvia, Trbojević Vukičević, Tajana, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Burić, Marcel, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Weinstock, Jaco, Asensio Vilaró, David, Codina, Ferran, García Dalmau, Cristina, Morer de Llorens, Jordi, Pou, Josep, de Prado, Gabriel, Sanmartí, Joan, Kallala, Nabil, Torres, Joan Ramon, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Belarte Franco, Maria-Carme, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Zazzo, Antoine, Lepetz, Sébastien, Duchesne, Sylvie, Alexeev, Anatoly, Bayarsaikhan, Jamsranjav, Houle, Jean-Luc, Bayarkhuu, Noost, Turbat, Tsagaan, Crubézy, Éric, Shingiray, Irina, Mashkour, Marjan, Berezina, Natalia Ya., Korobov, Dmitriy S., Belinskiy, Andrey, Kalmykov, Alexey, Demoule, Jean-Paul, Reinhold, Sabine, Hansen, Svend, Wallner, Barbara, Roslyakova, Natalia, Kuznetsov, Pavel F., Tishkin, Alexey A., Wincker, Patrick, Kanne, Katherine, Outram, Alan, and Orlando, Ludovic

Abstract

Horses revolutionized human history with fast mobility1. However, the timeline between their domestication and their widespread integration as a means of transport remains contentious2–4. Here we assemble a collection of 475 ancient horse genomes to assess the period when these animals were first reshaped by human agency in Eurasia. We find that reproductive control of the modern domestic lineage emerged around 2200 bce, through close-kin mating and shortened generation times. Reproductive control emerged following a severe domestication bottleneck starting no earlier than approximately 2700 bce, and coincided with a sudden expansion across Eurasia that ultimately resulted in the replacement of nearly every local horse lineage. This expansion marked the rise of widespread horse-based mobility in human history, which refutes the commonly held narrative of large horse herds accompanying the massive migration of steppe peoples across Europe around 3000 bceand earlier3,5. Finally, we detect significantly shortened generation times at Botai around 3500 bce, a settlement from central Asia associated with corrals and a subsistence economy centred on horses6,7. This supports local horse husbandry before the rise of modern domestic bloodlines.

Published
2024
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6. Sessions 2–3, Single Contributions

Author

Matteazzi, Michele, Greco, Giovanna, Crisà, Antonino, Iara, Kristine, Castiglione, Marianna, Pilutti Namer, Myriam, Denti, Mario, Blakely, Sandra, Zurbach, Julien, Tsiafaki, Despoina, Harrington, Katherine, Bernal-Casasola, Darío, Marlasca, Ricard, Vargas Girón, José Manuel, Retamosa Gámez, José Alberto, Treister, Mikhail, Luginbühl, Josy, Andersson, Espen B., Courault, Christopher, Domingo, Javier Á., Barresi, Paolo, Pensabene, Patrizio, Domingo, Joseph R., Mulattieri, Simone, Blázquez-Cerrato, Cruces, Sánchez De La Parra-Pérez, Santiago, Konstantinidis, Panagiotis, Mylonas, Marios, Tzanavari, Katerina, Gerofoka, Eleni, Klinaki, Eleni, Vassiliadou, Ioanna, Ketanis, Kostas, Koukouvou, Angeliki, Toma, Natalia, Rumscheid, Frank, Grawehr, Matthias, Emanuelsson-Paulson, Therese, Heinz, Reinhard, Plattner, Georg A., Bianchi, Fulvia, Bruno, Matthias, Quatember, Ursula, Cicala, Luigi, Vecchio, Luigi, Sperling, Heinz, Trinkl, Elisabeth, Schulze, Harald, Wielgosz-Rondolino, Dagmara, Cussini, Eleonora, Wiesenberg, Frank, Cisneros, Miguel, Barrero, Nova, Caldera, Pilar, Encuentra, Alfredo, Ortiz, Esperanza, Paz, Juan Á., Hetzel, Ella Magdalena, Dimakopoulos, Stavros, Falco, Giulia, Keleş, Vedat, Yilmaz, Michael D., Mauné, Stephané, García Vargas, Enrique, Bourgeon, Oriane, Dubler, Corinne, Desbonnets, Quentin, Tobar, Ivan González, Tiago-Seoane, Ophélie, Hermann, Florian, Bernardes, Joao Pedro, Teichner, Felix, Soares, Ricardo, Kallala, Nabil, Sanmartí, Joan, Belarte, Carme, Ramon, Joan, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Cantero, Francisco J., López, Dani, Portillo, Marta, Valenzuela-Lamas, Sílvia, Nasr, Mongi, Matveev, Sergiu, Reynolds, Leah, Bentz, Martin, and Heinzelmann, Michael

Published
2022
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7. Palaeogenomic analysis of black rat (Rattus rattus) reveals multiple European introductions associated with human economic history

Author

Yu, He [0000-0003-1323-4730], Jamieson, Alexandra [0000-0003-0979-5762], Hulme-Beaman, Ardern [0000-0001-8130-9648], Conroy, Chris J. [0000-0001-7198-9651], Speller, Camilla [0000-0001-7128-9903], Baron, Henriette [0000-0003-4338-3681], Crowther, Alison [0000-0002-2394-1917], Cucchi, Thomas [0000-0001-6021-5001], Fleisher, Jeffrey [0000-0002-6505-9666], Gladilina, Elena [0000-0002-5114-7526], Gol’din, Pavel [0000-0001-6118-1384], Goodman, Steven M. [0000-0001-9318-0570], Kunst, Günther Karl [0000-0002-2175-8641], Linderholm, Anna [0000-0002-1613-9926], Morales-Muñiz, Arturo [0000-0002-9933-6836], Nabais, Mariana [0000-0001-5344-237X], Oueslati, Tarek [0000-0002-2886-085X], Quintana Morales, Eréndira M. [0000-0001-5927-5058], Rannamäe, Eve [0000-0003-1186-5512], Sanmartí Grego, Joan [0000-0002-6635-9249], Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia [0000-0001-9886-0372], Neer, Wim Van [0000-0003-1710-3623], Vigne, Jean-Denis [0000-0002-7367-7552], Wynne-Jones, Stephanie [0000-0002-3005-8647], Dobney, Keith [0000-0001-9036-4681], Boivin, Nicole [0000-0002-7783-4199], Searle, Jeremy B. [0000-0001-7710-5204], Krause-Kyora, Ben [0000-0001-9435-2872], Krause, Johannes [0000-0001-9144-3920], Larson, Greger [0000-0002-4092-0392], Orton, David [0000-0003-4069-8004], Yu, He, Jamieson, Alexandra, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, Conroy, Chris J., Knight, Becky, Speller, Camilla, Al-Jarah, Hiba, Eager, Heidi, Trinks, Alexandra, Adikari, Gamini, Baron, Henriette, Böhlendorf-Arslan, Beate, Bohingamuwa, Wijerathne, Crowther, Alison, Cucchi, Thomas, Esser, Kinie, Fleisher, Jeffrey, Gidney, Louisa, Gladilina, Elena, Gol’din, Pavel, Goodman, Steven M., Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila, Helm, Richard, Hillman, Chris, Kallala, Nabil, Kivikero, Hanna, Kovács, Zsófia E., Kunst, Günther Karl, Kyselý, René, Linderholm, Anna, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Morales-Muñiz, Arturo, Nabais, Mariana, O’Connor, Terry, Oueslati, Tarek, Quintana Morales, Eréndira M., Pasda, Kerstin, Jude Perera, Perera, Nimal, Radbauer, Silvia, Ramon, Joan, Rannamäe, Eve, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, Treasure, Edward, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Jagt, Inge van der, Neer, Wim Van, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Walker, Thomas, Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, Zeiler, Jørn, Dobney, Keith, Boivin, Nicole, Searle, Jeremy B., Krause-Kyora, Ben, Krause, Johannes, Larson, Greger, Orton, David, Yu, He [0000-0003-1323-4730], Jamieson, Alexandra [0000-0003-0979-5762], Hulme-Beaman, Ardern [0000-0001-8130-9648], Conroy, Chris J. [0000-0001-7198-9651], Speller, Camilla [0000-0001-7128-9903], Baron, Henriette [0000-0003-4338-3681], Crowther, Alison [0000-0002-2394-1917], Cucchi, Thomas [0000-0001-6021-5001], Fleisher, Jeffrey [0000-0002-6505-9666], Gladilina, Elena [0000-0002-5114-7526], Gol’din, Pavel [0000-0001-6118-1384], Goodman, Steven M. [0000-0001-9318-0570], Kunst, Günther Karl [0000-0002-2175-8641], Linderholm, Anna [0000-0002-1613-9926], Morales-Muñiz, Arturo [0000-0002-9933-6836], Nabais, Mariana [0000-0001-5344-237X], Oueslati, Tarek [0000-0002-2886-085X], Quintana Morales, Eréndira M. [0000-0001-5927-5058], Rannamäe, Eve [0000-0003-1186-5512], Sanmartí Grego, Joan [0000-0002-6635-9249], Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia [0000-0001-9886-0372], Neer, Wim Van [0000-0003-1710-3623], Vigne, Jean-Denis [0000-0002-7367-7552], Wynne-Jones, Stephanie [0000-0002-3005-8647], Dobney, Keith [0000-0001-9036-4681], Boivin, Nicole [0000-0002-7783-4199], Searle, Jeremy B. [0000-0001-7710-5204], Krause-Kyora, Ben [0000-0001-9435-2872], Krause, Johannes [0000-0001-9144-3920], Larson, Greger [0000-0002-4092-0392], Orton, David [0000-0003-4069-8004], Yu, He, Jamieson, Alexandra, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, Conroy, Chris J., Knight, Becky, Speller, Camilla, Al-Jarah, Hiba, Eager, Heidi, Trinks, Alexandra, Adikari, Gamini, Baron, Henriette, Böhlendorf-Arslan, Beate, Bohingamuwa, Wijerathne, Crowther, Alison, Cucchi, Thomas, Esser, Kinie, Fleisher, Jeffrey, Gidney, Louisa, Gladilina, Elena, Gol’din, Pavel, Goodman, Steven M., Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila, Helm, Richard, Hillman, Chris, Kallala, Nabil, Kivikero, Hanna, Kovács, Zsófia E., Kunst, Günther Karl, Kyselý, René, Linderholm, Anna, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Morales-Muñiz, Arturo, Nabais, Mariana, O’Connor, Terry, Oueslati, Tarek, Quintana Morales, Eréndira M., Pasda, Kerstin, Jude Perera, Perera, Nimal, Radbauer, Silvia, Ramon, Joan, Rannamäe, Eve, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, Treasure, Edward, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Jagt, Inge van der, Neer, Wim Van, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Walker, Thomas, Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, Zeiler, Jørn, Dobney, Keith, Boivin, Nicole, Searle, Jeremy B., Krause-Kyora, Ben, Krause, Johannes, Larson, Greger, and Orton, David

Abstract

The distribution of the black rat (Rattus rattus) has been heavily influenced by its association with humans. The dispersal history of this non-native commensal rodent across Europe, however, remains poorly understood, and different introductions may have occurred during the Roman and medieval periods. Here, in order to reconstruct the population history of European black rats, we generated a de novo genome assembly of the black rat, 67 ancient black rat mitogenomes and 36 ancient nuclear genomes from sites spanning the 1st-17th centuries CE in Europe and North Africa. Analyses of mitochondrial DNA confirm that black rats were introduced into the Mediterranean and Europe from Southwest Asia. Genomic analyses of the ancient rats reveal a population turnover in temperate Europe between the 6th and 10th centuries CE, coincident with an archaeologically attested decline in the black rat population. The near disappearance and re-emergence of black rats in Europe may have been the result of the breakdown of the Roman Empire, the First Plague Pandemic, and/or post-Roman climatic cooling.

Published
2021

8. Palaeogenomic analysis of black rat (Rattus rattus) reveals multiple European introductions associated with human economic history

Author

Yu, He, primary, Jamieson, Alexandra, additional, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, additional, Conroy, Chris J., additional, Knight, Becky, additional, Speller, Camilla, additional, Al-Jarah, Hiba, additional, Eager, Heidi, additional, Trinks, Alexandra, additional, Adikari, Gamini, additional, Baron, Henriette, additional, Böhlendorf-Arslan, Beate, additional, Bohingamuwa, Wijerathne, additional, Crowther, Alison, additional, Cucchi, Thomas, additional, Esser, Kinie, additional, Fleisher, Jeffrey, additional, Gidney, Louisa, additional, Gladilina, Elena, additional, Gol’din, Pavel, additional, Goodman, Steven M., additional, Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila, additional, Helm, Richard, additional, Hillman, Chris, additional, Kallala, Nabil, additional, Kivikero, Hanna, additional, Kovács, Zsófia E., additional, Karl Kunst, Günther, additional, Kyselý, René, additional, Linderholm, Anna, additional, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, additional, Morales-Muñiz, Arturo, additional, Nabais, Mariana, additional, O’Connor, Terry, additional, Oueslati, Tarek, additional, Quintana Morales, Eréndira M., additional, Pasda, Kerstin, additional, Perera, Jude, additional, Perera, Nimal, additional, Radbauer, Silvia, additional, Ramon, Joan, additional, Rannamäe, Eve, additional, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, additional, Treasure, Edward, additional, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, additional, van der Jagt, Inge, additional, Van Neer, Wim, additional, Vigne, Jean-Denis, additional, Walker, Thomas, additional, Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, additional, Zeiler, Jørn, additional, Dobney, Keith, additional, Boivin, Nicole, additional, Searle, Jeremy B., additional, Krause-Kyora, Ben, additional, Krause, Johannes, additional, Larson, Greger, additional, and Orton, David, additional

Published
2021
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9. El projecte de recerca arqueològica a Althiburos i els seus encontorns (El Kef, Tunísia)

Author

Sanmartí, Joan, Kallala, Nabil, Belarte, Carme, Ramon, Joan, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Ben Moussa, Moncef, Tarradell, Núria, Zakia, Bel Haj Nasr Loum, Revilla, Víctor, Jornet Niella, Rafel, Campillo, Jordi, Montanero, David, Chérif, Sarhane, Fadrique, Thaïs, López Reyes, Daniel, Portillo, Marta, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Cantero, Francisco, Torchani, Mounir, Jenène, Moufida, Hatmi, Mondher, and Portillo Ramírez, Marta, 1976

Subjects
Arqueologia púnica, 90 - Arqueologia. Prehistòria, Althiburos (Ciutat antiga) -- Arqueologia, Punic antiquities, Archaeological excavations, Arqueologia púnica -- Althiburos (Ciutat antiga), Excavacions arqueològiques -- Althiburos (Ciutat antiga), Excavacions arqueològiques
Abstract

El coneixement de la protohistòria del Magrib oriental –entenent com a tal l’edat del bronze i la primera edat del ferro, és a dir, el segon i el primer mil·lennis aC, de la zona que correspon a les actuals Tunísia i Algèria oriental– presenta un veritable buit. Això és evident si es compara amb l’estat de la recerca sobre el mateix període a Europa, i potser encara més amb el coneixement sobre el paleolític i el neolític al nord d’Àfrica. Per al final d’aquest període, les fonts escrites gregues i romanes aporten dades abundants sobre els regnes númides i les seves relacions complexes amb Cartago i, més tard, amb Roma. Si bé existeix documentació arqueològica sobre aquests regnes, el cert és que presenta llacunes molt importants, i que, remuntant en el temps, tenim un desconeixement gairebé absolut sobre aquesta zona des de finals del III mil·lenni aC.

Published
2015

10. El projecte de recerca arqueològica a Althiburos i els seus encontorns (El Kef, Tunísia)

Author

Sanmartí, Joan, Kallala, Nabil, Belarte, Carme, Ramon, Joan, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Ben Moussa, Moncef, Tarradell, Núria, Zakia, Bel Haj Nasr Loum, Revilla, Víctor, Jornet Niella, Rafel, Campillo, Jordi, Montanero, David, Chérif, Sarhane, Fadrique, Thaïs, López Reyes, Daniel, Portillo, Marta, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Cantero, Francisco, Torchani, Mounir, Jenène, Moufida, Hatmi, Mondher, Sanmartí, Joan, Kallala, Nabil, Belarte, Carme, Ramon, Joan, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Ben Moussa, Moncef, Tarradell, Núria, Zakia, Bel Haj Nasr Loum, Revilla, Víctor, Jornet Niella, Rafel, Campillo, Jordi, Montanero, David, Chérif, Sarhane, Fadrique, Thaïs, López Reyes, Daniel, Portillo, Marta, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, Cantero, Francisco, Torchani, Mounir, Jenène, Moufida, and Hatmi, Mondher

Abstract

El coneixement de la protohistòria del Magrib oriental –entenent com a tal l’edat del bronze i la primera edat del ferro, és a dir, el segon i el primer mil·lennis aC, de la zona que correspon a les actuals Tunísia i Algèria oriental– presenta un veritable buit. Això és evident si es compara amb l’estat de la recerca sobre el mateix període a Europa, i potser encara més amb el coneixement sobre el paleolític i el neolític al nord d’Àfrica. Per al final d’aquest període, les fonts escrites gregues i romanes aporten dades abundants sobre els regnes númides i les seves relacions complexes amb Cartago i, més tard, amb Roma. Si bé existeix documentació arqueològica sobre aquests regnes, el cert és que presenta llacunes molt importants, i que, remuntant en el temps, tenim un desconeixement gairebé absolut sobre aquesta zona des de finals del III mil·lenni aC.

Published
2016

11. Sobre los orígenes de la civilización númida y su relación con la colonización fenicia

Author

Kallala, Nabil, Ramón Torres, Joan, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, Belarte Franco, Maria Carme, Maraoui Telmini, Bouthéina, Fadrique, T., Jornet Niella, Rafel, López Reyes, Daniel, Morell Cortés, Núria, Valenzuela Lamas, Sílvia, Kallala, Nabil, Ramón Torres, Joan, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, Belarte Franco, Maria Carme, Maraoui Telmini, Bouthéina, Fadrique, T., Jornet Niella, Rafel, López Reyes, Daniel, Morell Cortés, Núria, and Valenzuela Lamas, Sílvia

Abstract

Este artículo muestra los resultados de un proyecto de investigación sobre los procesos económicos y sociales que condujeron a la formación de los reinos númidas conocidos a través de las fuentes greco-latinas. Los trabajos de excavación y prospección realizados en la antigua Althiburos (El Kef, Túnez) y sus alrededores han permitido establecer la existencia, al menos desde el siglo IX a.C., de una sociedad aldeana plenamente sedentaria y que desde el s. VIII a.C., tal vez como consecuencia de los primeros contactos con el mundo fenicio, practica la metalurgia del hierro. Desde el siglo IV a.C. existen elementos que indican una vida plenamente urbana, unas relaciones intensas con Cartago y la existencia de un sistema institucional desarrollado.

Published
2010

12. Palaeogenomic analysis of black rat (Rattus rattus) reveals multiple European introductions associated with human economic history.

Author

Yu, He, Jamieson, Alexandra, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, Conroy, Chris J., Knight, Becky, Speller, Camilla, Al-Jarah, Hiba, Eager, Heidi, Trinks, Alexandra, Adikari, Gamini, Baron, Henriette, Böhlendorf-Arslan, Beate, Bohingamuwa, Wijerathne, Crowther, Alison, Cucchi, Thomas, Esser, Kinie, Fleisher, Jeffrey, Gidney, Louisa, Gladilina, Elena, Gol'din, Pavel, Goodman, Steven M., Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila, Helm, Richard, Hillman, Jesse C., Kallala, Nabil, Kivikero, Hanna, Kovács, Zsófia E., Kunst, Günther Karl, Kyselý, René, Linderholm, Anna, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Marković, Nemanja, Morales-Muñiz, Arturo, Nabais, Mariana, O'Connor, Terry, Oueslati, Tarek, Quintana Morales, Eréndira M., Pasda, Kerstin, Perera, Jude, Perera, Nimal, Radbauer, Silvia, Ramon, Joan, Rannamäe, Eve, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, Treasure, Edward, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, van der Jagt, Inge, Van Neer, Wim, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Walker, Thomas, Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, Zeiler, Jørn, Dobney, Keith, Boivin, Nicole, Searle, Jeremy B., Krause-Kyora, Ben, Krause, Johannes, Larson, Greger, Orton, David, Yu, He, Jamieson, Alexandra, Hulme-Beaman, Ardern, Conroy, Chris J., Knight, Becky, Speller, Camilla, Al-Jarah, Hiba, Eager, Heidi, Trinks, Alexandra, Adikari, Gamini, Baron, Henriette, Böhlendorf-Arslan, Beate, Bohingamuwa, Wijerathne, Crowther, Alison, Cucchi, Thomas, Esser, Kinie, Fleisher, Jeffrey, Gidney, Louisa, Gladilina, Elena, Gol'din, Pavel, Goodman, Steven M., Hamilton-Dyer, Sheila, Helm, Richard, Hillman, Jesse C., Kallala, Nabil, Kivikero, Hanna, Kovács, Zsófia E., Kunst, Günther Karl, Kyselý, René, Linderholm, Anna, Maraoui-Telmini, Bouthéina, Marković, Nemanja, Morales-Muñiz, Arturo, Nabais, Mariana, O'Connor, Terry, Oueslati, Tarek, Quintana Morales, Eréndira M., Pasda, Kerstin, Perera, Jude, Perera, Nimal, Radbauer, Silvia, Ramon, Joan, Rannamäe, Eve, Sanmartí Grego, Joan, Treasure, Edward, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia, van der Jagt, Inge, Van Neer, Wim, Vigne, Jean-Denis, Walker, Thomas, Wynne-Jones, Stephanie, Zeiler, Jørn, Dobney, Keith, Boivin, Nicole, Searle, Jeremy B., Krause-Kyora, Ben, Krause, Johannes, Larson, Greger, and Orton, David

Abstract

The distribution of the black rat (Rattus rattus) has been heavily influenced by its association with humans. The dispersal history of this non-native commensal rodent across Europe, however, remains poorly understood, and different introductions may have occurred during the Roman and medieval periods. Here, in order to reconstruct the population history of European black rats, we first generate a de novo genome assembly of the black rat. We then sequence 67 ancient and three modern black rat mitogenomes, and 36 ancient and three modern nuclear genomes from archaeological sites spanning the 1st-17th centuries CE in Europe and North Africa. Analyses of our newly reported sequences, together with published mitochondrial DNA sequences, confirm that black rats were introduced into the Mediterranean and Europe from Southwest Asia. Genomic analyses of the ancient rats reveal a population turnover in temperate Europe between the 6th and 10th centuries CE, coincident with an archaeologically attested decline in the black rat population. The near disappearance and re-emergence of black rats in Europe may have been the result of the breakdown of the Roman Empire, the First Plague Pandemic, and/or post-Roman climatic cooling.

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