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Curcumin has protective actions in neuropsychiatric disorders, acting as a neuroprotective agent. As a first approach, the study aimed at a systematic review of the potential effects of curcumin on cognitive performance for attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This research was carried out in the databases of PubMed, Embase, SciELO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Web of Science, and the Grey literature. Upon discovering the scarcity of relevant studies, and knowing that curcumin might have an ADHD hyperactive and anxious behavior, the study proposed to evaluate the effects of curcumin in an ADHD phenotype of spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats (SHR). No studies were found that related to curcumin and ADHD. Fifteen SHRs were then divided into separate groups that received water (1 mg/kg/day), curcumin (50 mg/kg/day), or methylphenidate (1 mg/kg/day) for 42 days. Behavioral tests to assess activity (Open Field Test), anxiety and impulsivity (Elevated Plus-Maze, and Social Interaction), and memory (Y-Maze, and the Object Recognition Test) were all performed. The animals that were treated with curcumin showed less anxious and hyperactive behavior, as seen in the Open Field Test and the Social Interaction Test. Anxious behavior was measured by the EPM and was not modulated by any treatment. The results of the Y-Maze Test demonstrated that curcumin improved spatial memory. In the Object Recognition Test, neither the short nor the long-term memory was improved. The treatments that were used in this study beneficially modulated the anxious and hyperactive behavior of the SHR.

Background: Curcumin has protective actions in neuropsychiatric disorders. Its mechanism of action is associated with the restoration of catecholaminergic balance, reduction of oxidative/nitrosative stress, protection against inflammation, and neuroprotection. Objective: In a first approach, the study presents an empty review of the potential effect of curcumin on cognitive performance in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: On a second moment, seeing the scarcity of studies and knowing that ADHD is related to hyperactive and anxious behavior, 20 spontaneously hypertensive Wistar rats (SHR) were divided into groups that received water (1 mg/kg/day), curcumin (50 mg/kg/day), or methylphenidate (1 mg/kg/day) for 42 days. Behavioral tests to assess activity (Open Field test), anxiety and impulsivity (Elevated Plus Maze, and Social Interaction), and memory (Y Maze and Object Recognition Test) were performed. Results: Animals treated with curcumin showed less anxious and hyperactive behavior. Related to the memory, the results can be related to hyperactivity. Conclusion: Thus, the data suggest that the treatments used here can beneficially modulate the anxious and hyperactive behavior of SHR.

At the end of 2019, the new coronavirus 2019 emerged in Wuhan, China, being responsible for the COVID-19 disease, which causes several clinical conditions ranging from mild nonspecific symptoms to severe pneumonia with damage to organic function. Taking into consideration that a balanced diet can significantly help patients in the control of chronic infectious diseases, the aim of this study was to discuss and present recent data regarding the role of vitamins A, C, D, and E, and the minerals zinc and selenium in the treatment of COVID-19. This is a narrative review concerning the aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and data related to vitamins and minerals, as well as its nutritional importance for the treatment of the disease. The alterations caused by the deficiency of plasma concentrations of vitamins and minerals involve the reduction of the good performance of the immune system, which is one of the factors that lead to a deficient immune state. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between micronutrients and infection caused by COVID-19.

A pandemia da doença do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) surgiu no fim de 2019 em Wuhan, China, e rapidamente se alastrou ao redor de todo o globo. Considerando sua rápida taxa de transmissão, a COVID-19 tornou-se uma ameaça à saúde pública mundial. Portanto, ideias objetivas baseadas em evidências científicas devem ser propostas para o tratamento de pacientes infectados. A vitamina D é um hormônio que apresenta função importante na regulação da função do sistema imune. As principais fontes de obtenção da Vitamina D são a alimentação e do processo de síntese no organismo iniciado na pele, através de fotorreação mediada pela luz solar, em que a pré-vitamina D isomeriza-se em pró-vitamina D. Posteriormente, é metabolizada no fígado em 25-hidroxivitamina D, e convertida no rim em sua forma ativa, a 1,25-dihidroxivitamina D. Por conta do seu papel chave na melhoria da resposta imune, a Vitamina D pode afetar positivamente o tratamento de diversas doenças infectocontagiosas, tais como a influenza e H1N1. Esta revisão tem como objetivo informar sobre o uso de Vitamina D como possível aliado no tratamento da COVID-19. Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão apontam que a vitamina D pode exercer funções imunomoduladoras e anti-inflamatórias, que beneficiam significativamente o tratamento de infecções virais. Recomenda-se que ensaios clínicos randomizados e estudos populacionais amplos sejam conduzidos para melohr elucidar o papel efetivo da Vitamina D no tratamento de pacientes com COVID-19.

Objetivos: verificar a adequação da ingestão de ferro e ácido fólico por gestantes de acordo com as recomendações preconizadas para essa fase. Métodos: Estudo transversal que envolveu 24 gestantes atendidas em Unidades Básicas de Saúde. As gestantes responderam ao questionário com dados socioeconômicos e gestacionais conforme dados presentes na caderneta da gestante do Ministério da Saúde. O estado nutricional das gestantes foi classificado conforme o Índice de Massa Corporal gestacional. A quantificação da ingestão dietética referente à energia, macronutrientes, ferro e ácido fólico foram calculadas com o auxílio do programa NutWin. Para fins de adequação, os resultados foram comparados com os valores de referência recomendados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde para energia e marcronutrientes e com o proposto pelo Institute of Medicine para micronutrientes durante o período gestacional. Resultados: Com relação ao estado nutricional, 41,7% estavam com o peso adequado, 25% com sobrepeso e 16,7% com obesidade. Observou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a ingestão e recomendação de carboidratos (p < 0,05), ácido fólico alimentar (p < 0,05), ácido fólico total (p < 0,05), ferro alimentar (p < 0,05) e ferro total (p < 0,05). Das 24 gestantes 58,3% eram casadas, 83,3% completaram ensino médio ou superior e 100% tinham a renda mensal menor que 5 salarios mínimos. Conclusão: As gestantes apresentam inadequação quanto ao consumo de micronutrientes, o que evidencia a importância da suplementação individualizada das mesmas, com base na análise prévia da ingestão alimentar de micronutrientes e biomarcadores dos mesmos, para melhor atender as necessidades individuais desse período.