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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition resulting from a persistent inflammatory state in the airways even after smoking cessation. Intriguingly, the reasons behind this persistence of the inflammatory influx without smoking exposure have not been fully unraveled. We aimed to explore the hypothesis that systemic inflammation in COPD patients influences lung cell inflammatory response. Methods: We cultured human lung fibroblast and human airway epithelial cell lines with plasma from COPD patients (four emphysematous-COPD, four asthma-COPD overlap, four chronic bronchitis-COPD, and four bronchiectasis COPD), and four smokers or ex-smokers without COPD as controls. Non-stimulated cells were used as controls. We measured Interleukine-8 (IL-8), C-reactive protein (CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in plasma and cul ture supernatants by ELISA. Results: Cells stimulated with plasma from COPD patients and non-COPD smoker subjects produced higher CRP, IL 8 and MMP-9 levels, an increase for COPD in CRP (p=0.029) in epithelial cells and IL-8 (p=0.039) in fibroblasts and decrease for MMP-9 (p=0.039) in fibroblasts, compared with non-stimulated cells. The response was higher in epithe lial cells for IL-8 (p=0.003) and in fibroblasts for MMP-9 (p=0.063). The plasma from chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis phenotypes induced higher IL-8 in fibroblasts. Conclusions: Plasma from COPD patients increases the inflammatory response in lung epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts, with a different response depending on the cell type and clinical phenotype.

[Background] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition resulting from a persistent inflammatory state in the airways even after smoking cessation. Intriguingly, the reasons behind this persistence of the inflammatory influx without smoking exposure have not been fully unraveled. We aimed to explore the hypothesis that systemic inflammation in COPD patients influences lung cell inflammatory response., [Methods] We cultured human lung fibroblast and human airway epithelial cell lines with plasma from COPD patients (four emphysematous-COPD, four asthma-COPD overlap, four chronic bronchitis-COPD, and four bronchiectasis-COPD), and four smokers or ex-smokers without COPD as controls. We measured Interleukine-8 (IL-8), C-reactive protein (CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in plasma and culture supernatants by ELISA., [Results] Cells stimulated with plasma from COPD patients and control subjects produced higher CRP, IL-8 and MMP-9 levels, an increase for COPD in CRP(p=0.039) in epithelial cells and IL-8(p=0.039) in fibroblasts and decrease for MMP-9(p=0.039) in fibroblasts. The response was higher in epithelial cells for IL-8(p=0.003) and in fibroblasts for MMP-9(p=0.063). The plasma from chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis phenotypes induced higher IL-8 in fibroblasts., [Conclusions] Plasma from COPD patients increases the inflammatory response in lung epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts, with a different response depending on the cell type and clinical phenotype.

[ES] Introducción El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la utilidad del implante de semillas radiactivas (RSL) para la localización de la recurrencia cervical del cáncer de tiroides. Material y método Diez pacientes con cáncer de tiroides y compromiso ganglionar (4 de nuevo diagnóstico y 6 reoperados por recurrencia cervical) confirmados por ultrasonido y citología/Tg-PAAF fueron seleccionados para este procedimiento. Se introdujo una semilla 125I en la lesión metastásica mediante una aguja guiada por ecografía. Durante la cirugía se utilizó una sonda/gammacámara portátil para la localización de la lesión. Después de la cirugía se verificó que la semilla estaba incluida en el tejido extirpado. Se analizaron la duración de la intervención quirúrgica, la actividad de la semilla, los niveles de tiroglobulina, la dosis efectiva de radiación, las complicaciones y el grado de resección quirúrgica. Resultados Todos los ganglios marcados fueron positivos en histología. La duración media del procedimiento ecográfico fue de 11,4 ± 3,4 minutos. La semilla permaneció dentro del paciente, una media de 4 días (1-7) y el tiempo quirúrgico medio fue de 44,7 ± 29,1 minutos. Encontramos 21 especímenes metastásicos con un diámetro medio de 13,9 ± 6,3 mm. La actividad media de la semilla implantada fue de 71,27 ± 21,6 MBq (42,8-105). En el grupo reoperado, el nivel de tiroglobulina fue de 2,08 ± 1,56 ng/dl y tras la cirugía 0,13 ± 0,12 ng/dl, p < 0,01. Registramos un caso de hipoparatiroidismo transitorio en el grupo total. Conclusiones La introducción de RSL en nuestra unidad ha mostrado beneficios para el paciente y el equipo médico, siendo un procedimiento seguro y efectivo que también mejora la programación quirúrgica., [EN] Introduction The aim of this work is the evaluation of usefulness of radioactive seed localization (RSL) for the detection of cervical recurrence of thyroid cancer in order to improve the surgical outcome. Material and method Ten patients with thyroid cancer and lymph node involvement (4 naive and 6 with cervical recurrence) evidenced by ultrasound, cytology/Tg-FNAB (reoperated group) were selected for this procedure. A 125I seed was placed in the metastatic lesion using a needle guided by ultrasound. During surgery, a handheld gamma probe/portable gammacamera were used for lesion localization and excision. After removing the target tissue, it was verified that the seed was included in the excised tissue. Surgical intervention duration, lesion location, seed activity, thyroglobulin level, effective radiation dose, complications and the degree of surgical resection were analyzed. Results All the marked nodes were positive in histology. The mean duration of the ultrasound procedure was 11.4 ± 3.4 minutes. Seed was kept inside the patient, in average, during 4 days (1-7) and the average surgical time was 44.7 ± 29.1 minutes. We found 21 metastatic specimens with an average diameter 13.9 ± 6.3 mm. The mean activity of the implanted seed was 71.27 ± 21.6 MBq (42.8-105) In the reoperated group, thyroglobulin level was 2.08 ± 1.56 ng/dl and decreased after surgery to 0.13 ± 0.12 ng/dl, P < .01. Only one case of transient hypoparathyroidism was found in the total group. Conclusions The introduction of RSL in our unit has shown benefits for the patient and medical team, being a safe and effective procedure that also improves surgical programming.