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Eating a nutritionally balanced breakfast can be a challenge when following a gluten-free diet (GFD). We assessed the ingredients and nutrient composition of 364 gluten-free breakfast products (GFPs) and 348 gluten-containing counterparts (GCCs), and we analysed the nutritional quality of breakfast in a group of Spanish children and adolescents with celiac disease (CD) (n = 70), as compared to controls (n = 67). Food intakes were estimated using three 24 h dietary records. The composition of GFPs and GCCs was retrieved from the package labels of commercially available products. Most participants (98.5%) ate breakfast daily, and only one person in each group skipped breakfast once. The breakfast contribution of the total daily energy was 19% in participants with CD and 20% in controls. CD patients managed a balanced breakfast in terms of energy (54% from carbohydrates; 12% from proteins; 34% from lipids) and key food groups (cereals, dairy, fruits), but their intake of fruits needs improvement. Compared to controls, breakfast in the CD group provided less protein and saturated fat, a similar amount of carbohydrates and fibre, and more salt. Fibre is frequently added to GFPs, but these contain less protein because of the flours used in formulation. Gluten-free bread contains more fat and is more saturated than is GCC. Sugars, sweets, and confectionery contribute more to energy and nutrient intakes in participants with CD, while grain products do so in controls. Overall, breakfast on a GFD can be adequate, but can be improved by GFPs reformulation and a lower consumption of processed foods.

We developed a comprehensive composition database of 629 cereal-based gluten free (GF) products available in Spain. Information on ingredients and nutritional composition was retrieved from food package labels. GF products were primarily composed of rice and/or corn flour, and 90% of them included added rice starch. The most common added fat was sunflower oil (present in one third of the products), followed by palm fat, olive oil, and cocoa. Only 24.5% of the products had the nutrition claim &ldquo, no added sugar&rdquo, Fifty-six percent of the GF products had sucrose in their formulation. Xanthan gum was the most frequently employed fiber, appearing in 34.2% of the GF products, followed by other commonly used such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (23.1%), guar gum (19.7%), and vegetable gums (19.6%). Macronutrient analysis revealed that 25.4% of the products could be labeled as a source of fiber. Many of the considered GF food products showed very high contents of energy (33.5%), fats (28.5%), saturated fatty acids (30.0%), sugars (21.6%), and salt (28.3%). There is a timid reformulation in fat composition and salt reduction, but a lesser usage of alternative flours and pseudocereals.

espanolIntroduccion: la evidencia actual indica que el desarrollo de algunos tipos de cancer esta asociado a factores ambientales. Pocos estudios realizados en Espana han evaluado el estado nutricional de las mujeres con cancer. Objetivos: el objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar el estado nutricional de las mujeres en el momento de ser diagnosticadas de cancer de mama (CM) en una region del norte de Espana (Asturias), donde las cifras de cancer de mama son particularmente elevadas en comparacion con el resto de Espana. Material y metodos: se realizo un estudio transversal con una muestra de 76 mujeres recien diagnosticadas de cancer de mama. Se recopilaron datos sobre su estilo de vida, antropometria, ingesta, bioquimica y dieta de forma inmediata tras el diagnostico y antes del inicio del tratamiento. Resultados: un alto porcentaje de estas mujeres diagnosticadas de cancer eran sedentarias (59,2%). El valor medio de su indice de masa corporal (IMC) era de 27,3 ± 5,5 kg/m2. Asimismo, estas pacientes mostraron un alto porcentaje de grasa corporal, del 38,3%, y un elevado perimetro de la cintura, de 92,2 cm. La dieta de todas las pacientes incluia una escasa ingesta de frutas, verduras, legumbres y frutos secos, y en cambio una ingesta elevada de carnes rojas y procesadas y alimentos dulces, en comparacion con las recomendaciones dieteticas espanolas (p Conclusion: los resultados tambien mostraron unas escasas ingestas de folato, calcio y vitamina D, particularmente preocupantes en las mujeres. En conclusion, la mayoria de las voluntarias con CM presentaban sobrepeso, altos niveles de sedentarismo y un patron de dieta no equilibrada en el momento del diagnostico. EnglishBackground: evidence from research suggests that the development of cancer disease is associated with environmental factors. There are few studies evaluating nutritional status in women suffering from cancer in Spain. Objectives: this study aimed to assess the nutritional status in breast cancer female patients at diagnosis in a northern region of Spain (Asturias), where breast cancer rates are particularly high when compared to the rest of Spain. Material and methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 76 newly diagnosed female cancer patients. Lifestyle factors, anthropometry, biochemical, and dietary intake data were collected immediately after diagnosis and prior to the initiation of the prescribed treatment. Results: a high percentage of these women diagnosed with cancer were sedentary (59.2%). Their average body mass index (BMI) was 27.3 ± 5.5 kg/m2. They also showed a high percentage of body fat, 38.3%, as well as a large waist circumference of 92.2 cm. Patients reported a low intake of fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts, and a high intake of red meat, meat products, and sweet foodstuffs as compared to the Spanish dietary guidelines (p Conclusion: the results showed a low intake of folate, calcium, and vitamin D, which is particularly relevant in women. In conclusion, these breast cancer patients showed overweight and high sedentarism levels, and reported unbalanced dietary patterns at the time of diagnosis.

in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of studies evaluating how cooking affects the nutrient content of foods. However, most of them refer to very specific experiments usually with vegetable foods, which cannot be extrapolated to other food groups.the objective is to summarize the available evidence on typical and most suitable culinary techniques for designing healthy diets, reconciling an adequate nutritional contribution with the gastronomic value and the maintenance of the organoleptic properties.an analysis was conducted of articles published on the association between the most common cooking methods and changes in the nutritional value of the food, without year restriction.culinary techniques best studied and described, are moist heat, dry heat and mixed heat cooking methods, with their different modalities. Real nutrient losses in a specific food are associated to multiple factors, mainly the time-temperature binomial, but also the type and state of the food, the previous manipulation and the cooking method itself. So far, the most accurate way to calculate these nutrient losses is to apply the nutrient retention factors established by agreement, according to food groups and culinary methods.updated reviews on the knowledge of the most commonly used cooking methods, as well as more innovative ones, are essential and should be carried out regularly, so that they serve as a reference that ensures a continuous improvement of the quality, both nutritional and gastronomic, of the different elaborations.Introducción: en los últimos años ha habido un incremento en el número de estudios que evalúan cambios nutricionales en los alimentos debidos al cocinado. No obstante, la mayoría de ellos se refieren a experimentos muy específicos, generalmente con alimentos vegetales, y no extrapolables a otros grupos de alimentos.Objetivos: el objetivo es resumir la evidencia disponible sobre técnicas culinarias habituales y más adecuadas para diseñar “dietas saludables”, conciliando el adecuado aporte nutricional con el valor gastronómico y el mantenimiento de las propiedades organolépticas.Métodos: se realizó un análisis bibliográfico de los artículos publicados sobre la asociación entre las técnicas culinarias más habituales y el cambio en el valor nutritivo de los alimentos, en español e inglés y sin restricción de fecha.Resultados: las técnicas culinarias mejor estudiadas y descritas, en cuanto a fundamentos y a efectos generales sobre el valor nutricional de los alimentos, son las técnicas de cocción realizadas en medio húmedo, en medio seco y mixtas, con sus diferentes modalidades. En las pérdidas reales de nutrientes en un alimento específico, intervienen múltiples factores, principalmente el binomio tiempo-temperatura, pero también el tipo y el estado del alimento, la manipulación previa y el método de cocción. Hasta el momento, la forma más precisa de calcular estas pérdidas nutricionales es aplicar factores de retención de nutrientes establecidos por convenio según grupos de alimentos y técnicas culinarias.Conclusiones: los estudios de revisión y actualización del conocimiento de los diferentes métodos culinarios más comúnmente empleados, así como los de otros más innovadores, son fundamentales y deberían llevarse a cabo regularmente para asegurar una mejora continua de la calidad, tanto nutricional como gastronómica, de las diferentes elaboraciones.

Resumen Introducción: en los últimos años ha habido un incremento en el número de estudios que evalúan cambios nutricionales en los alimentos debidos al cocinado. No obstante, la mayoría de ellos se refieren a experimentos muy específicos, generalmente con alimentos vegetales, y no extrapolables a otros grupos de alimentos. Objetivos: el objetivo es resumir la evidencia disponible sobre técnicas culinarias habituales y más adecuadas para diseñar "dietas saludables", conciliando el adecuado aporte nutricional con el valor gastronómico y el mantenimiento de las propiedades organolépticas. Métodos: se realizó un análisis bibliográfico de los artículos publicados sobre la asociación entre las técnicas culinarias más habituales y el cambio en el valor nutritivo de los alimentos, en español e inglés y sin restricción de fecha. Resultados: las técnicas culinarias mejor estudiadas y descritas, en cuanto a fundamentos y a efectos generales sobre el valor nutricional de los alimentos, son las técnicas de cocción realizadas en medio húmedo, en medio seco y mixtas, con sus diferentes modalidades. En las pérdidas reales de nutrientes en un alimento específico, intervienen múltiples factores, principalmente el binomio tiempo-temperatura, pero también el tipo y el estado del alimento, la manipulación previa y el método de cocción. Hasta el momento, la forma más precisa de calcular estas pérdidas nutricionales es aplicar factores de retención de nutrientes establecidos por convenio según grupos de alimentos y técnicas culinarias. Conclusiones: los estudios de revisión y actualización del conocimiento de los diferentes métodos culinarios más comúnmente empleados, así como los de otros más innovadores, son fundamentales y deberían llevarse a cabo regularmente para asegurar una mejora continua de la calidad, tanto nutricional como gastronómica, de las diferentes elaboraciones.

Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that folate may modulate colorectal carcinogenesis. Its role could be associated with the importance of tetrahydrofolate in DNA and RNA methylation, as well as in thymidylate and purine synthesis, essential for DNA synthesis and repair. In consequence, we analyzed the global DNA methylation and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)/S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) colonic mucosa concentration in biopsies with polyps vs. control biopsies from the same patients ( n =45). Significant colonic DNA global hypomethylation ( p

We report a case of nonendodontically treated first upper premolar crown root fracture in which the palatal cusp fracture extended below the cementoenamel junction. Reattachment of the palatal cusp in its original position by acid-etch and flowable composite allowed the creation of a standard access opening as in an intact tooth, avoiding apex location errors and contamination of the root canal. During crown-lengthening surgery, the palatal cusp fragment was hollowed out and used as a natural individual matrix for placement of the core material.

This study reports the influence of colorectal neoplasia on methylation intermediates and folate concentrations in human colonic mucosa, as well as systemic measures of folate status, to examine biomarkers and possible mechanisms of folate-related carcinogenesis. A total of 47 patients were selected from those previously diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the colorectum undergoing surgery. For each individual, we obtained a biopsy of the adenocarcinoma and a biopsy of normal appearing mucosa, to perform an intra-individual comparison. The ‘methylation’ ratio (S-adenosylmethionine/S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH)) was lower in pathological tissue vs normal mucosa (P=0.08), mainly due to a much higher SAH concentration (P