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Resumen: Introducción: En 2014 se publicó el Documento de Consenso desarrollado por SEIP-SERPE-SEOP para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las infecciones osteoarticulares (IOA). En 2015 se constituyó RIOPed como red nacional multidisciplinar para la investigación en IOA. El objetivo del estudio ha sido valorar el grado de adecuación a las recomendaciones establecidas en el consenso durante un año de seguimiento. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo multicéntrico nacional realizado entre septiembre de 2015 y septiembre de 2016 en 37 hospitales con inclusión de pacientes menores de 16 años diagnosticados de IOA, confirmada mediante aislamiento microbiológico, o probable: artritis séptica (AS) con > 40.000 leucocitos en líquido sinovial u osteomielitis (OM)/osteoartritis (OA)/espondilodiscitis (ED) con prueba de imagen compatible. Los resultados se compararon con los obtenidos en el estudio retrospectivo realizado entre 2008 y 2012. Resultados: Se incluyeron 255 casos: 131 OM, 79 AS, 30 OA y 15 ED. Respecto a las pruebas complementarias que el consenso consideró de obligada realización, la radiografía se llevó a cabo en el 87,8% de los casos, el hemocultivo en el 91,6% y el cultivo de líquido sinovial en el 99% de AS. Se realizó RM en el 71% de las OM. La elección del tratamiento antibiótico intravenoso empírico se adecuó a las recomendaciones en el 65,1% de los casos, y en el 62,3% para el tratamiento oral. Se llevó a cabo cirugía en el 36,8% de las AS (85,7% artrotomía), con un descenso significativo respecto al estudio retrospectivo (p = 0,014). Solo el 58,5% de casos se ajustaron a las recomendaciones de duración del tratamiento; sin embargo, se comprobó una menor duración del tratamiento intravenoso. Conclusiones: En general, el grado de adecuación a las recomendaciones que marcaron el grupo de expertos es bueno para las pruebas complementarias y aceptable respecto a la elección del tratamiento antibiótico, aun detectándose casi un 40% de inadecuación. Se ha conseguido un descenso de la estancia hospitalaria. Abstract: Introduction: In 2014 the Consensus Document produced by the Spanish Paediatric Societies (SEIP-SERPE-SEOP) was published to help in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarticular infections (OAI). In 2015 the RIOPed was considered as a multidisciplinary national network for the investigation into OAI. The aim of this study was to assess the level of adaption to the recommendations established in the Consensus during one year of follow-up. Material and methods: A prospective, national multicentre study was carried out in 37 hospitals between September 2015 and September 2016. The study included patients > 16 years-old with a diagnosis of OAI, confirmed by microbiological isolation, or probable: septic arthritis (SA) with > 40,000 white cells in synovial fluid, or osteomyelitis (OM)/spondylodiscitis (SD) with a compatible imaging test. The results were compared with those obtained in a retrospective study conducted between 2008 and 2012. Results: A total of 235 cases were included, of which 131 were OM, 79 SA, 30 OA, and 15 SD. As regards the complementary tests that the Consensus considered mandatory to perform, radiography was carried out on 87.8% of the cases, a blood culture on 91.6%, and culture of the synovial fluid in 99% of SA. A magnetic resonance (MR) was performed on 71% of the OM cases. The choice of intravenous empirical antibiotic treatment was adapted to the recommendations in 65.1% of cases, and in 62.3% for the oral treatment. Surgery was performed in 36.8% of SA cases (85.7% arthrotomy), with a significant decrease compared to the retrospective study (P = .014). Only 58.5% of cases followed the recommendations on the duration of the treatment; however, a lower duration of intravenous treatment was observed. Conclusions: In general, the level of adaptation to the recommendations that were set by the Expert Group, is good for the complementary tests, and acceptable as regards the choice of antibiotic treatment, although inadequate in almost 40% of cases. A decrease in hospital stay was achieved.

Introduction: In 2014 the Consensus Document produced by the Spanish Paediatric Societies (SEIP-SERPE-SEOP) was published to help in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarticular infections (OAI). In 2015 the RIOPed was considered as a multidisciplinary national network for the investigation into OAI. The aim of this study was to assess the level of adaption to the recommendations established in the Consensus during one year of follow-up. Material and methods: A prospective, national multicentre study was carried out in 37 hospitals between September 2015 and September 2016. The study included patients >16 years-old with a diagnosis of OAI, confirmed by microbiological isolation, or probable: septic arthritis (SA) with >40,000 white cells in synovial fluid, or osteomyelitis (OM)/spondylodiscitis (SD) with a compatible imaging test. The results were compared with those obtained in a retrospective study conducted between 2008 and 2012. Results: A total of 235 cases were included, of which 131 were OM, 79 SA, 30 OA, and 15 SD. As regards the complementary tests that the Consensus considered mandatory to perform, radiography was carried out on 87.8% of the cases, a blood culture on 91.6%, and culture of the synovial fluid in 99% of SA. A magnetic resonance (MR) was performed on 71% of the OM cases. The choice of intravenous empirical antibiotic treatment was adapted to the recommendations in 65.1% of cases, and in 62.3% for the oral treatment. Surgery was performed in 36.8% of SA cases (85.7% arthrotomy), with a significant decrease compared to the retrospective study (P = .014). Only 58.5% of cases followed the recommendations on the duration of the treatment; however, a lower duration of intravenous treatment was observed. Conclusions: In general, the level of adaptation to the recommendations that were set by the Expert Group, is good for the complementary tests, and acceptable as regards the choice of antibiotic treatment, although inadequate in almost 40% of cases. A decrease in hospital stay was achieved. Resumen: Introducción: En 2014 se publicó el Documento de Consenso desarrollado por SEIP-SERPE-SEOP para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las infecciones osteoarticulares (IOA). En 2015 se constituyó RIOPed como red nacional multidisciplinar para la investigación en IOA. El objetivo del estudio ha sido valorar el grado de adecuación a las recomendaciones establecidas en el consenso durante un año de seguimiento. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo multicéntrico nacional realizado entre septiembre de 2015 y septiembre de 2016 en 37 hospitales con inclusión de pacientes menores de 16 años diagnosticados de IOA, confirmada mediante aislamiento microbiológico, o probable: artritis séptica (AS) con >40.000 leucocitos en líquido sinovial u osteomielitis (OM)/osteoartritis (OA)/espondilodiscitis (ED) con prueba de imagen compatible. Los resultados se compararon con los obtenidos en el estudio retrospectivo realizado entre 2008 y 2012. Resultados: Se incluyeron 255 casos: 131 OM, 79 AS, 30 OA y 15 ED. Respecto a las pruebas complementarias que el consenso consideró de obligada realización, la radiografía se llevó a cabo en el 87,8% de los casos, el hemocultivo en el 91,6% y el cultivo de líquido sinovial en el 99% de AS. Se realizó RM en el 71% de las OM. La elección del tratamiento antibiótico intravenoso empírico se adecuó a las recomendaciones en el 65,1% de los casos, y en el 62,3% para el tratamiento oral. Se llevó a cabo cirugía en el 36,8% de las AS (85,7% artrotomía), con un descenso significativo respecto al estudio retrospectivo (P = ,014). Solo el 58,5% de casos se ajustaron a las recomendaciones de duración del tratamiento; sin embargo, se comprobó una menor duración del tratamiento intravenoso. Conclusiones: En general, el grado de adecuación a las recomendaciones que marcaron el grupo de expertos es bueno para las pruebas complementarias y aceptable respecto a la elección del tratamiento antibiótico, aun detectándose casi un 40% de inadecuación. Se ha conseguido un descenso de la estancia hospitalaria.

Resumen: Introducción: La información existente sobre el impacto de la gripe en la población infantil española es escasa. El presente trabajo pretende aumentar este conocimiento estudiando aspectos clave como la incidencia de hospitalización, clínica, comorbilidades y el estado vacunal en los niños hospitalizados. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, por revisión de historias clínicas, en menores de 15 años hospitalizados por gripe adquirida en la comunidad, confirmada microbiológicamente, durante 2 temporadas gripales (2014-2015 y 2015-2016). El estudio se realizó en 10 hospitales de 6 ciudades, que atienden aproximadamente al 12% de la población infantil española. Resultados: Fueron hospitalizados 907 niños con diagnóstico principal de gripe (447 50%) de los casos. Una gran parte de las formas graves de gripe en población infantil podrían ser evitada si se cumplieran las indicaciones actuales de vacunación. Abstract: Introduction: There are only a limited number of studies on the impact of influenza in the Spanish child population. The present work intends to increase this knowledge by studying some key aspects, such as the incidence of hospital admissions, clinic variables, comorbidities, and the vaccination status in the hospitalised children. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of children under 15 years and hospitalised due to community acquired influenza confirmed microbiologically, during 2 ́flu seasons (2014-2015 and 2015-2016). The study was carried out in 10 hospitals of 6 cities, which represent approximately 12% of the Spanish child population. Results: A total of 907 children were admitted to hospital with main diagnosis of influenza infection (447 10 years. Admission to the PICU was required in 10% (92) of the cases, mainly due to acute respiratory failure. Conclusion: Influenza continues to be an important cause of hospitalisation in the Spanish child population. Children 50%) of the cases. Many of the severe forms of childhood influenza that occur today could be avoided if current vaccination guidelines were met.

Introduction: There are only a limited number of studies on the impact of influenza in the Spanish child population. The present work intends to increase this knowledge by studying some key aspects, such as the incidence of hospital admissions, clinic variables, comorbidities, and the vaccination status in the hospitalised children. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of children under 15 years and hospitalised due to community acquired influenza confirmed microbiologically, during 2 ́flu seasons (2014–2015 and 2015–2016). The study was carried out in 10 hospitals of 6 cities, which represent approximately 12% of the Spanish child population. Results: A total of 907 children were admitted to hospital with main diagnosis of influenza infection (447 10 years. Admission to the PICU was required in 10% (92) of the cases, mainly due to acute respiratory failure. Conclusion: Influenza continues to be an important cause of hospitalization in the Spanish child population. Children 50%) of the cases. Many of the severe forms of childhood influenza that occur today could be avoided if current vaccination guidelines were met. Resumen: Introducción: La información existente sobre el impacto de la gripe en la población infantil española es escasa. El presente trabajo pretende aumentar este conocimiento estudiando aspectos clave como la incidencia de hospitalización, clínica, comorbilidades y el estado vacunal en los niños hospitalizados. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, por revisión de historias clínicas, en menores de 15 años hospitalizados por gripe adquirida en la comunidad, confirmada microbiológicamente, durante 2 temporadas gripales (2014-2015 y 2015-2016). El estudio se realizó en 10 hospitales de 6 ciudades, que atienden aproximadamente al 12% de la población infantil española. Resultados: Fueron hospitalizados 907 niños con diagnóstico principal de gripe (447 50%) de los casos. Una gran parte de las formas graves de gripe en población infantil podrían ser evitada si se cumplieran las indicaciones actuales de vacunación.

Resumen: El Comité Asesor de Vacunas de la Asociación Española de Pediatría publica anualmente el calendario de vacunaciones que estima idóneo para los niños residentes en España, teniendo en cuenta la evidencia disponible.En cuanto a las vacunas financiadas, se recomienda emplear el esquema 2 + 1 (2, 4 y 11 meses) con vacunas hexavalentes (DTPa-VPI-Hib-HB) y con antineumocócica conjugada 13-valente.Se aconseja un refuerzo a los 6 años, preferentemente con DTPa, junto con una dosis de polio para aquellos que recibieron esquemas 2 + 1, así como vacunación con Tdpa en adolescentes y en cada embarazo, entre la semana 27 y la 32.Se emplearán esquemas de 2 dosis para triple vírica (12 meses y 3-4 años) y varicela (15 meses y 3-4 años). La segunda dosis se podría aplicar como vacuna tetravírica.Se recomienda vacunación sistemática universal frente al VPH, tanto a chicas como a chicos, preferentemente a los 12 años, debiéndose realizar un mayor esfuerzo para mejorar las coberturas. La nueva vacuna de 9 genotipos amplía la cobertura para ambos sexos.Se recomienda que la vacuna antimeningocócica conjugada tetravalente (MenACWY) se introduzca en el calendario financiado a los 12 meses y a los 12-14 años, aconsejándose un rescate hasta los 19 años. Igualmente, se recomienda en los mayores de 6 semanas de edad con factores de riesgo o que viajen a países de elevada incidencia de estos serogrupos.Respecto a las vacunas no financiadas, se recomienda la antimeningocócica B, con esquema 2 + 1, solicitando su entrada en el calendario. Es recomendable vacunar a todos los lactantes frente al rotavirus. Abstract: The Advisory Committee on Vaccines of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics annually publishes the immunisation schedule considered optimal for children resident in Spain, according to available evidence on current vaccines.As regards funded immunisations, the 2 + 1 strategy (2, 4, 11 months) with hexavalent (DTPa-IPV-Hib-HB) and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccines are recommended.Administration of the 6-year booster dose with DTPa is recommended, with a poliomyelitis dose for children who had received the 2 + 1 scheme, as well as Tdap vaccine for adolescents and pregnant women in every pregnancy between 27 and 32 weeks gestation.The 2-dose scheme should be used for MMR (12 months and 3-4 years) and varicella (15 months and 3-4 years). MMRV vaccine could be applied as the second dose.Vaccination against HPV is recommended in both genders, preferably at 12 years of age. A stronger effort should be made to improve vaccination coverage. The new 9-valent vaccine is now available, expanding the coverage for both genders.Tetravalent meningococcal vaccine (MenACWY) is recommended at 12 months and 12-14 years, with a catch-up up at 19 years of age. It is also recommended in infants older than 6 weeks of age with risk factors, or travellers to countries with high incidence of ACWY meningococcal serogroups.As regards non-funded immunisations, it is recommended meningococcal B vaccination, with a 2 + 1 schedule, and requests that it be included in the National Immunisation Program. Vaccination against rotavirus is recommended in all infants.

The Advisory Committee on Vaccines of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics annually publishes the immunisation schedule considered optimal for children resident in Spain, according to available evidence on current vaccines.As regards funded immunisations, the 2 + 1 strategy (2, 4, 11 months) with hexavalent (DTPa-IPV-Hib-HB) and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccines are recommended.Administration of the 6-year booster dose with DTPa is recommended, with a poliomyelitis dose for children who had received the 2 + 1 scheme, as well as Tdap vaccine for adolescents and pregnant women in every pregnancy between 27 and 32 weeks gestation.The 2-dose scheme should be used for MMR (12 months and 3–4 years) and varicella (15 months and 3–4 years). MMRV vaccine could be applied as the second dose.Vaccination against HPV is recommended in both genders, preferably at 12 years of age. A stronger effort should be made to improve vaccination coverage. The new 9-valent vaccine is now available, expanding the coverage for both genders.Tetravalent meningococcal vaccine (MenACWY) is recommended at 12 months and 12-14 years, with a catch-up up at 19 years of age. It is also recommended in infants older than 6 weeks of age with risk factors, or travellers to countries with high incidence of ACWY meningococcal serogroups.As regards non-funded immunisations, meningococcal B vaccination is recommended, with a 2 + 1 schedule, and requests that it be included in the National Immunisation Programme. Vaccination against rotavirus is recommended in all infants. Resumen: El Comité Asesor de Vacunas de la Asociación Española de Pediatría publica anualmente el calendario de vacunaciones que estima idóneo para los niños residentes en España, teniendo en cuenta la evidencia disponible.En cuanto a las vacunas financiadas, se recomienda emplear el esquema 2 + 1 (2, 4 y 11 meses) con vacunas hexavalentes (DTPa-VPI-Hib-HB) y con antineumocócica conjugada 13-valente.Se aconseja un refuerzo a los 6 años, preferentemente con DTPa, junto con una dosis de polio para aquellos que recibieron esquemas 2 + 1, así como vacunación con Tdpa en adolescentes y en cada embarazo, entre la semana 27 y la 32.Se emplearán esquemas de 2 dosis para triple vírica (12 meses y 3-4 años) y varicela (15 meses y 3-4 años). La segunda dosis se podría aplicar como vacuna tetravírica.Se recomienda vacunación sistemática universal frente al VPH, tanto a chicas como a chicos, preferentemente a los 12 años, debiéndose realizar un mayor esfuerzo para mejorar las coberturas. La nueva vacuna de 9 genotipos amplía la cobertura para ambos sexos.Se recomienda que la vacuna antimeningocócica conjugada tetravalente (MenACWY) se introduzca en el calendario financiado a los 12 meses y a los 12-14 años, aconsejándose un rescate hasta los 19 años. Igualmente, se recomienda en los mayores de 6 semanas de edad con factores de riesgo o que viajen a países de elevada incidencia de estos serogrupos.Respecto a las vacunas no financiadas, se recomienda la antimeningocócica B, con esquema 2 + 1, solicitando su entrada en el calendario. Es recomendable vacunar a todos los lactantes frente al rotavirus.

Background: This descriptive, non-comparative, phase III study evaluated the safety and tolerability of cell culture-derived (TIVc) and egg-derived (TIV) seasonal influenza vaccines in children at risk of influenza-related complications. Methods: Four hundred and thirty subjects were randomized 2:1 to TIVc or TIV. Subjects aged 3 to

Resumen: El Comité Asesor de Vacunas de la Asociación Española de Pediatría publica anualmente el calendario de vacunaciones que estima idóneo para los niños residentes en España, teniendo en cuenta la evidencia disponible. En cuanto a las vacunas financiadas, se recomienda emplear el esquema 2+1 (2, 4 y 11-12 meses) con vacunas hexavalentes (DTPa-VPI-Hib-VHB) y con antineumocócica conjugada 13-valente. Se aconseja un refuerzo a los 6 años, preferentemente con DTPa, junto a una dosis de polio para aquellos que recibieron esquemas 2+1, así como vacunación con Tdpa en adolescentes y en cada embarazo, entre la 27 y 32 semanas. Se emplearán esquemas de dos dosis para triple vírica (12 meses y 2-4 años) y varicela (15 meses y 2-4 años). De haber disponibilidad, la segunda dosis se podría aplicar como vacuna tetravírica. Se deben incrementar las coberturas frente al papilomavirus en niñas de 12 años con dos dosis (0, 6 meses), así como informar y recomendar la vacunación de los varones, dados los beneficios potenciales de la misma. La nueva vacuna de 9 genotipos ya está disponible, ampliando la cobertura para ambos sexos. Respecto a vacunas no financiadas, se recomienda la antimeningocócica B, con esquema 3+1, solicitando su entrada en calendario. Se recomienda individualmente la vacuna antimeningocócica conjugada tetravalente (MenACWY) en adolescentes (14-18 años) que vayan a residir en países con vacunación sistemática frente a los serogrupos ACWY. También en mayores de 6 semanas de vida con factores de riesgo o viajeros a países de elevada incidencia. Es recomendable vacunar a todos los lactantes frente al rotavirus. Abstract: The Advisory Committee on Vaccines of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics annually publishes the immunisation schedule considered optimal for children resident in Spain, according to available evidence on current vaccines. Regarding funded immunisations, 2+1 strategy (2, 4, 11-12 months) with hexavalent (DTPa-IPV-Hib-HB) and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccines are recommended. Administration of the 6-year booster dose with DTPa is recommended, and a poliomyelitis dose for children who had received the 2+1 scheme, as well as Tdap vaccine for adolescents and pregnant women in every pregnancy between 27 and 32 weeks’ gestation. The two-dose scheme should be used for MMR (12 months and 2-4 years) and varicella (15 months and 2-4 years). MMRV vaccine could be applied as the second dose if available. Coverage of human papillomavirus vaccination in girls aged 12 with a two dose scheme (0, 6 months) should be improved. Information and recommendation for male adolescents about potential beneficial effects of this immunisation should be provided as well. The new 9 genotypes vaccine is now available, expanding the coverage for both gender. Regarding non-funded immunisations, Committee on Vaccines of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics recommends meningococcal B vaccination, with a 3+1 schedule, and requests to be included in the National Immunisation Program. Tetravalent meningococcal vaccine (MenACWY) is recommended to adolescents (14-18 years) who are going to live in countries with systematic vaccination against ACWY serogroups, and people >6 weeks of age with risk factors or travellers to countries with very high incidence. Vaccination against rotavirus is recommended in all infants.

The Advisory Committee on Vaccines of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics annually publishes the immunisation schedule considered optimal for children resident in Spain, according to available evidence on current vaccines.Regarding funded immunisations, 2 + 1 strategy (2, 4, 11–12 months) with hexavalent (DTPa-IPV-Hib-HB) and 13-valent pneumococcal vaccines are recommended.Administration of the 6-year booster dose with DTPa is recommended, and a poliomyelitis dose for children who had received the 2 + 1 scheme, as well as Tdap vaccine for adolescents and pregnant women in every pregnancy between 27 and 32 weeks’ gestation.The two-dose scheme should be used for MMR (12 months and 2–4 years) and varicella (15 months and 2–4 years). MMRV vaccine could be applied as the second dose if available.Coverage of human papillomavirus vaccination in girls aged 12 with a two dose scheme (0, 6 months) should be improved. Information and recommendation for male adolescents about potential beneficial effects of this immunisation should be provided as well. The new 9 genotypes vaccine is now available, expanding the coverage for both gender. Regarding non-funded immunisations, Committee on Vaccines of the Spanish Association of Paediatrics recommends meningococcal B vaccination, with a 3 + 1 schedule, and requests to be included in the National Immunisation Program. Tetravalent meningococcal vaccine (MenACWY) is recommended to adolescents (14–18 years) who are going to live in countries with systematic vaccination against ACWY serogroups, and people >6 weeks of age with risk factors or travellers to countries with very high incidence.Vaccination against rotavirus is recommended in all infants. Resumen: El Comité Asesor de Vacunas de la Asociación Española de Pediatría publica anualmente el calendario de vacunaciones que estima idóneo para los niños residentes en España, teniendo en cuenta la evidencia disponible. En cuanto a las vacunas financiadas, se recomienda emplear el esquema 2+1 (2, 4 y 11-12 meses) con vacunas hexavalentes (DTPa-VPI-Hib-VHB) y con antineumocócica conjugada 13-valente. Se aconseja un refuerzo a los 6 años, preferentemente con DTPa, junto a una dosis de polio para aquellos que recibieron esquemas 2+1, así como vacunación con Tdpa en adolescentes y en cada embarazo, entre la 27 y 32 semanas. Se emplearán esquemas de dos dosis para triple vírica (12 meses y 2-4 años) y varicela (15 meses y 2-4 años). De haber disponibilidad, la segunda dosis se podría aplicar como vacuna tetravírica. Se deben incrementar las coberturas frente al papilomavirus en niñas de 12 años con dos dosis (0, 6 meses), así como informar y recomendar la vacunación de los varones, dados los beneficios potenciales de la misma. La nueva vacuna de 9 genotipos ya está disponible, ampliando la cobertura para ambos sexos. Respecto a vacunas no financiadas, se recomienda la antimeningocócica B, con esquema 3+1, solicitando su entrada en calendario. Se recomienda individualmente la vacuna antimeningocócica conjugada tetravalente (MenACWY) en adolescentes (14-18 años) que vayan a residir en países con vacunación sistemática frente a los serogrupos ACWY. También en mayores de 6 semanas de vida con factores de riesgo o viajeros a países de elevada incidencia.Es recomendable vacunar a todos los lactantes frente al rotavirus.

En crisis sanitaria se modifican los escenarios infocomunicativos para la toma de decisiones-acciones mediante los ejercicios de opinión pública en las redes sociales con impacto en salud. El objetivo del estudio es la caracterización de la construcción simbólica de opiniones públicas sobre la cooperación de Cuba en contexto de crisis sanitaria por covid-19, reflejada en los discursos y sus símbolos producidos en Twitter entre el 31 de diciembre de 2020 y el 18 de enero de 2021. Las etiquetas relacionadas son #CubaporlaVida, #CubaporlaSalud, #CubaCoopera, #CubaViva, #CubaSalvaVidas, y #ConunaNuevaSonrisa, que acumularon 84.581 trinos (tuits). La perspectiva utilizada es la transdisciplinar, para integrar conocimientos de las ciencias sociales e informáticas, y el enfoque es mixto, para el uso de métricas de polaridad. Se empleó: la minería de datos en la web para ahondar en el vínculo contenido-estructura-uso y el análisis crítico del discurso multimodal y de enfoque sociocognitivo, para relacionar estructuras ideológicas. El instrumento aplicado es el software Stela 5.2. Los resultados reflejan un discurso polarizado, con predominio de afinidades positiva y neutral, el empleo en su mayoría de formatos de retrinos, menciones y relación de metadatos para ampliar el mensaje. Los usuarios personales dirigieron sus interpelaciones a cuentas políticas, mediáticas e institucionales para conversar acerca de la temática.

The contribution of the investigation is guided to the systematization of the pedagogic conception of Adolfina Cossío Esturo, from the appreciation of her career in educative institutions of the oriental zone. Like this, helps the educational improvement, while the rescue of her work can promote the consolidation of the ethic-pedagogic values of the teacher, as well as his professional action ways, this way tribute to the integral formation of the university student. On the other side, the study of Adolfina open a new space dedicated to the rescue of the Cuban pedagogic bases, particularly in the dimension of the regional.

The formation of the professional of Journalism, find support into the ideas of Jose Marti about the press as educative scenery. The work that shows have as target: Explicate taking point from the pedagogic legacy of Jose Marti in the press the importance of forming journalism professional with a thought and a responsible educative practice, facing the challenges that today implicates the use and access to technologies of the information and communications. Is offer as result a systematization of his pedagogic thought in latinoamerican publications, to help get stronger the socio-educative function of the journalist since his initial formation. Is used as methods the analysis of content and the systematization.

There is a lack of evidence of the health impacts due to long COVID among children and young people (CYP). The objective of this study is to determine the main clinical characteristics of long COVID in CYP and to investigate the academic, social, and health status impacts of long COVID in this population. An observational, descriptive, and longitudinal study on CYP who presented COVID-19 symptoms for more than twelve weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection was performed between December 2020 and May 2021. Fifty CYP were included, with a median age of 14.1 years, 33 (66%) were female, and 17 (34%) had a relative diagnosed with long COVID. Since the initial infection and up to the first visit, CYP had persisting symptoms for a median of 4.1 months, and for 18 (36%) CYP these symptoms persisted for more than 6 months. Fatigue (100%), neurocognitive disorders (74%), muscular weakness (74%), and headache (72%) were the most reported symptoms. A total of 9 (18%) CYP could not attend school, 17 (34%) had a reduced schedule, 33 (66%) showed a decreased school performance, and 68% had stopped extracurricular activities. This preliminary study shows the impact that long COVID has on the health, academic, and social life of CYP.

IntroductionLong COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), manifests as persistent and often debilitating symptoms enduring well beyond the initial COVID-19 infection. This disease is especially worrying in children since it can seriously alter their development. Presently, a specific diagnostic test or definitive biomarker set for confirming long COVID is lacking, relying instead on the protracted presence of symptoms post-acute infection.MethodsWe measured the levels of 13 biomarkers in 105 saliva samples (49 from children with long COVID and 56 controls), and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyse the correlations between the levels of the different salivary biomarkers. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine which of the 13 analysed salivary biomarkers were useful to discriminate between children with long COVID and controls, as well as between children with mild and severe long COVID symptoms.ResultsPediatric long COVID exhibited increased oxidant biomarkers and decreased antioxidant, immune response, and stress-related biomarkers. Correlation analyses unveiled distinct patterns between biomarkers in long COVID and controls. Notably, a multivariate logistic regression pinpointed TOS, ADA2, total proteins, and AOPP as pivotal variables, culminating in a remarkably accurate predictive model distinguishing long COVID from controls. Furthermore, total proteins and ADA1 were instrumental in discerning between mild and severe long COVID symptoms.DiscussionThis research sheds light on the potential clinical utility of salivary biomarkers in diagnosing and categorizing the severity of pediatric long COVID. It also lays the groundwork for future investigations aimed at unravelling the prognostic value of these biomarkers in predicting the trajectory of long COVID in affected individuals.

Rotavirus (RV) is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis (GE) in infants and young children worldwide and is associated with a significant clinical and economic burden. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics, healthcare resource utilization and the direct medical costs related to RVGE hospitalizations in Spain. An observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2013 to May 2018 at the pediatric departments of 12 hospitals from different Spanish regions. Children under 5 years of age admitted to the hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of RVGE were selected. Data on clinical characteristics, healthcare resource use and costs were collected from patient records and hospital databases. Most children hospitalized for RVGE did not have any previous medical condition or chronic disease. Forty-seven percent had previously visited the Emergency Room (ER), 27% had visited a primary care pediatrician, and 15% had received pharmacological treatment prior to hospital admission due to an RVGE episode. The average length of a hospital stay for RVGE was 5.6 days, and the mean medical costs of RVGE hospitalizations per episode ranged from 3,940€ to 4,100€. The highest direct medical cost was due to the hospital stay. This study showed a high burden of health resource utilization and costs related to the management of cases of RVGE requiring hospitalization. RV vaccination with high coverage rates should be considered to minimize the clinical and economic impacts of this disease on the health-care system.

Introducción: La pandemia de COVID-19 modifica el ambiente info-comunicativo de los ciberusuarios. Cuba, en particular, presenta un nivel considerable de desarrollo tecnológico insertado en la plataforma social de Internet, Twitter. Este soporte desempeña un rol vertebral para el debate sobre temas relacionados a las brigadas médicas cubanas, por su enfrentamiento al virus en el ámbito internacional, que coadyuva a la conformación de una opinión global favorable. Lo planteado con anterioridad se expresa desde las conversaciones online y sus discursos en este sitio. Objetivo: Caracterizar el ambiente info-comunicativo de Twitter durante las conversaciones online sobre brigadas médicas cubanas, entre el 31 de diciembre de 2020 y el 18 de enero de 2021. Material y Métodos: Se emplea el método teórico hermenéutico, para la descripción de los resultados del procesamiento estadístico de contenido, estructura y uso en la web, correspondiente a un enfoque transdisciplinar, mediante la técnica de minería de datos y la aplicación como instrumento del algoritmo no supervisado SSA-UO para el análisis de sentimientos en Twitter. Resultados: Las características del ambiente info-comunicativo de Twitter durante las conversaciones online sobre brigadas médicas cubanas evidencian un predominio de la polaridad positiva. Conclusiones: Los retuits, las menciones y la publicación de enlaces condicionan las particularidades del debate sobre el tema en la esfera de microblogging.