Search

To present updated information on odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) classification, etiology, genetic and molecular alterations, epidemiology, clinical presentation, radiographic characteristics, histological and immune histochemical features, differential diagnosis, treatment, and controversies, as well as a literature review of case frequencies in different countries.Studies were selected using the key words 'odontogenic keratocyst,' 'odontogenic cysts,' 'odontogenic keratocyst and clinical study'. Full-text papers were reviewed on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature search aimed to find articles that would show the frequency of OKC, dentigerous cyst, radicular cyst, and other cysts.OKC presents local aggression and high recurrence; therefore, a better understanding of its clinical characteristics and the genetic and molecular factors involved in this peculiar and controversial lesion is required. It is always essential to discuss treatment alternatives. Although OKC is an entity with a high recurrence, aggressive treatment is not advisable in all cases because factors such as commitment to anatomical structures and possible complications should be considered. However, periodic radiographic controls are advised.To reduce the high number of present cases worldwide, it is important to improve knowledge on this pathology so that accurate diagnoses can be achieved and appropriate treatment can be provided. OKC presents local aggression and high recurrence; therefore, a better understanding is needed of the clinical characteristics and genetic and molecular factors involved in OKC. Furthermore, it is always essential to discuss treatment alternatives.

The odontogenic keratocyst (OKCs) is a rare disease manifested in the maxillofacial region, mainly affecting the mandiblerather than maxilla and is associated with the presence of a retained tooth. Most cases are asymptomatic, affecting males than women in their second decade of life and patients may present pain or soft tissue swelling in infected OKCs. Bony expansion and paresthesia of the lips are reported in fewer cases. The most common region in the maxillae is the third molar and cuspid region. The objective of this report is to present an uncommon clinical case of a 72 years old male with asymptomatic OKCs in the left maxilla region, presenting with bone lysis in the vestibular and palatine region with nostril alloy without compromising the teethes. Patient was treated with enucleation and peripheral osteotomy using a rotary instrument, today day without recurrence. A simple review of cases with maxillary keratocyst was made too.

The purpose of the present article was to present a clinical case of an 11-year-old girl with peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF). Additionally, after performing a literature review, we identified clinical information that occurs more frequently in association with POF, such evidence would help professionals in yielding a specific diagnosis and tailor a more specific therapeutic approach with the objective to decrease morbidities' associated with POF. This lesion represents the third most common lesion of all localized reactive hyperplastic lesions. Clinical aspects related to this pathology include the fact that it occurs most frequently in women between the first and second decades of life. It affects anterior maxillary region and interferes with normal functioning of this anatomical structure. After conducting the literature search, we found that it can also be presented in a considerable number of males with pain and hyperemia being the most common clinical manifestations. We found that often clinical cases are presented with incomplete information. It is important that in order to get to a consensus with respect to updates about information related to this lesion, new case series that include complete clinical information, radiographic analysis, and histopathology tests could be presented.

Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare condition of osteolysis with excessive lymphangiogenesis within bone tissue. The etiology of this condition remains unknown but seems to affect mainly children and young adults of both genders all over the world. Unfortunately, there is no standardized method for diagnosis; however, histopathology remains as the gold standard. This condition is often misdiagnosed due to its varying clinical presentations from case-to-case. Here, we report the case of an 8-year-old girl who presented with chronic mandibular pain during mastication and received multiple antibiotic treatment due to infectious origin suspicion. After integrating information from clinical manifestations, radiographic, laboratory, and histopathology information, she was diagnosed with GSD. Additionally, due to the lack of literature with respect to insights into biological mechanisms and standardized treatment for this condition, we underwent a literature revision to provide information related to activation of cells from the immune system, such as macrophages, T-cells, and dendritic cells, and their contribution to the lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis, and osteoclastogenic process in GSD. It is important to consider these mechanisms in patients with GSD, especially since new studies performed in earlier stages are required to confirm their use as novel diagnostic tools and find new possibilities for treatment.