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Wound healing represents a global public health problem when it is not treated correctly, which can cause complications for the patient, such as functional loss of an organ, amputation, and even death. At a biological level, wound healing involves a complex mechanism in which the immune system and cellular biochemical cascades intervene in a coordinated manner, whose development occurs in stages such as inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Therefore, therapies have been developed to accelerate wound healing and have proven effective. However, factors such as diabetes mellitus limit the healing process because it causes alterations in microvascular dysfunction, as well as in the inflammatory response and greater oxidative stress. This is reflected in an abnormal healing process; therefore, the search for healing compounds has become an area of interest. In this regard, medicinal plants have been used for centuries to treat wounds in different cultures in the world. Hence, this review documents the main plant species used in Latin America due to its great biodiversity and numerous species that are potentially important for the development of new active healing compounds. In this review, 62 plant families with wound healing studies were found, highlighting Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Euphorbiaceae family. Additionally, 32 natural compounds with diverse structural nature were found, whose effects have been evaluated in in vivo and in vitro models, which are essential for studying the pathogenesis of the tissue repair mechanism, detecting new biomarkers, and evaluate new treatments. Currently, several models are used to study the wound healing process, including in silico, in vitro, and in vivo models. On the other hand, there is no appropriate model to determine the wound healing effect, and, in many cases, they are combined to provide sufficient scientific evidence. Therefore, this review demonstrates that Latin America is a potential region for research into sources of healing molecules. Nevertheless, other species are still being studied whose scientific findings allow generating viable alternatives for the solution of health problems associated with wound healing.

The demand for metallic nanoparticles synthesized using green methods has increased due to their various therapeutic and clinical applications, and plant biotechnology may be a potential resource facilitating sustainable methods of AgNPs synthesis. In this study, we evaluate the capacity of extracts from Randia aculeata cell suspension culture (CSC) in the synthesis of AgNPs at different pH values, and their activity against pathogenic bacteria and cancer cells was evaluated. Using aqueous CSC extracts, AgNPs were synthesized with 10% (w/v) of fresh biomass and AgNO3 (1 mM) at a ratio of 1:1 for 24 h of incubation and constant agitation. UV-vis analysis showed a high concentration of AgNPs as the pH increased, and TEM analysis showed polydisperse nanoparticles with sizes from 10 to 90 nm. Moreover, CSC extracts produce reducing agents such as phenolic compounds (162.2 ± 27.9 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g biomass) and flavonoids (122.07 ± 8.2 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g biomass). Notably, AgNPs had strong activity against E. coli, S. pyogenes, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and S. typhimurium, mainly with AgNPs at pH 6 (MIC: 1.6 to 3.9 µg/mL). AgNPs at pH 6 and 10 had a high antiproliferative effect on cancer cells (IC50 < 5.7 µg/mL). Therefore, the use of cell suspension cultures may be a sustainable option for the green synthesis of AgNPs.