Search

The unique and original Pomor book-handwriting style, created by the scribes of the Vygo-Leksinsky community, was also widespread in the regional Old Believer centers of the Priestless denominations, including part of the Ural Old Believer settlers. The Depository of Ancient Manuscripts of the Ural Federal University contains manuscripts with Pomor decor collected during archaeographical expeditions in the Ural region and adjacent territories. The article examines development of Pomor handwritten ornamental decoration forms using the example of manuscripts of the LAS UrFU from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th centuries. The process of the formation of the style basis (1st half — mid-18th century), the acquisition of its classical appearance (2nd half of the 18th c.), the process of evolution of individual elements, which led to changes and variability in compositions while maintaining repeatable stable forms, are traced (1st half of the 19th c.). The author also notes the trend of “fading” of the style, due to changes of a socio-political and cultural nature — the dissolution of the Vyg monastery and cessation of the creation of literary artefacts in a centralized manner, the spread of the practice of private scribing and design of manuscripts, as well as the influence of the so-called urban culture on the art of manuscript design, and regional features of writing, elements of folk arts and crafts (2nd half of 19th — early 20th cc.). The study of the forms of Pomor book ornament was carried out on the basis of methods of working with the decor of Pomor handwritten books developed by St. Petersburg scientists G. V. Markelov and F. V. Panchenko, including descriptions of the main types, varieties, subspecies of particular pattern elements, compiling alphanumeric designations of the main designs of Pomor ornament, distinguishing the features of compositions characteristic of a certain period of time, as well as problems of transformation of elements and style interpretation variants. The use of this technique allowed taking a fresh look at the problem of the existence and development of the Pomor style as a stable structure. Having created an ornamental style unique in its beauty and expressiveness, the scribes of the Vyg Pustyn produced manuscripts with characteristic Pomor decor for more than a century and a half. However, even after the liquidation of the monasteries and the dispersal of workshops for copying manuscripts (middle of the 19th century), the Pomor style continued to live in the manuscripts of the Old Believers due to its relevance. The stability, repeatability of designs and their immutability within the cultural and historical community of the Old Believer population allows speaking of the Pomor style as a bright independent phenomenon of book design art and a phenomenon of a historical and cultural nature.

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Despite the growing interest in mirrorless vehicles equipped with a camera monitor system (CMS), the human factors research findings on CMS display layout design have not been synthesized yet, hindering the application of the knowledge and the identification of future research directions. In an effort to address the 'lack of integration of the existing knowledge', this literature review addresses the following research questions: 1) what CMS display layout designs have been considered/developed by academic researchers and by automakers, respectively?; 2) among possible CMS display layout design alternatives, which ones have not yet been examined through human factors evaluation studies?; and 3) how do the existing human factors studies on the evaluation of different CMS display layout designs vary in the specifics of research? This review provides significant implications for the ergonomic design of CMS display layouts, including some potential design opportunities and future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Question order effect refers to the phenomenon that previous questions may affect the cognitive response process and respondents' answers. Previous questions generate a context or frame in which questions are interpreted. At the same time, in online surveys, the visual design may also shift responses. Past empirical research has yielded considerable evidence supporting the impact of question order on measurement, but few studies have investigated how question order effects vary with the visual design. Our main research question was whether question order effects are different on item-by-item formats compared to grid formats. The study uses data from an online survey experiment conducted on a non-probability-based online panel in Hungary, in 2019. We used the welfare-related questions of the 8'th wave of ESS. We manipulated the questionnaire by changing the position of a question that calls forth negative stereotypes about such social benefits and services. We further varied the visual design by presenting the questions in separate pages (item-by-item) or one grid. The results show that placing the priming questions right before the target item significantly changed respondents' attitudes in a negative way, but the effect was significant only when questions were presented on separate pages. A possible reason behind this finding may be that respondents engage in a deeper cognition when questions are presented separately. On the other hand, the grid format was robust against question order, in addition, we found little evidence of stronger satisficing on grids. The findings highlight that mixing item-by-item and grids formats in online surveys may introduce measurement inequivalence, especially when question order effects are expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses about Worcestershire born poet William Shenstone was not only an innovative landscape gardener, also the designer of illustrations that embellished his manuscript and printed verse. The article's aim is to recover the visual culture that the poet devised in relation to his landscaping activities, to explain its relational working and to shed light on the different practices of meaning-making that are supported by his production of visual and textual media.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of arrays and decorations in the manuscripts of the Qajar period in the in-text section and to study the patterns and colors widely used in the manuscripts of this period. Methodology: The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. In this regard, first, the typographic characteristics of selected array pages are described. And inductively, common features are enumerated and analyzed. By purposefill sampling method, 77 art manuscripts with a scribe and writing date from Qajar period were selected from the exquisite manuscripts of the National Library. Notably, 34 sample images of these manuscripts are presented in this research. Findings: Qajar illumination has continued the Safavid style with the difference that the congressional margin is observed with a regular rhythm and large head-pieces. Qajar book decoration style has a special place as a coherent and school style in Iranian painting. And it has all the features (property) of a thematic and applied education of a painting school. Basically, the art of book decoration was mostly dependent on the court. And kings, princes, and local rulers were the most important clients of works of art and sponsors of art. Half of the studied Qurans have four or two pages with arrays in the opening papers (containing a list of chapters and prayers before recitation). The opening pages of all manuscripts of the Quran and prayer books and 76 percent of the literary books and 90 percent of the selected scientific manuscripts have head-pieces and inscriptions. In all Qurans, there are two opening pages and in the other manuscript, there is an opening page with a head-pieces and inscription. Most of the design of the head-pieces is the same as the dome or altar pattern. Ornate colored flowers have been used extensively in the text of gilding and sometimes in the layout of the head-pieces. The use of Arabesque in gilding the opening pages of the manuscripts under study is less varied. The flowers and leaves of Khatai are abundantly seen in the arrays of the opening pages of selected manuscripts. The purity and radiance of the colors used in the arrays of these books has created a kind of freshness and radiance. All Qurans and prayer books and 35 percent of literary books and 50 percent of selected scientific manuscripts have array margins on the opening pages. In the margins of the gilded and jeweled of the books, various types of Khatai flowers and leaves and Arabesque motifs are drawn on a golden or azure background and in some samples on the paper itself, hr the inscriptions of this period, Arabesque motifs are mostly designed in the form of frames or headbands, and the various thorns of the inscription are filled with Khatai motifs and small flowers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information extraction is a fundamental task of many business intelligence services that entail massive document processing. Understanding a document page structure in terms of its layout provides contextual support which is helpful in the semantic interpretation of the document terms. In this paper, inspired by the progress of deep learning methodologies applied to the task of object recognition, we transfer these models to the specific case of document object detection, reformulating the traditional problem of document layout analysis. Moreover, we importantly contribute to prior arts by defining the task of instance segmentation on the document image domain. An instance segmentation paradigm is especially important in complex layouts whose contents should interact for the proper rendering of the page, i.e., the proper text wrapping around an image. Finally, we provide an extensive evaluation, both qualitative and quantitative, that demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed methodology over the current state of the art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The journal peer-review system has a profound effect on scholarly careers, and yet, it is "far from perfect" (Miller, 2006: 425). Over 10 years ago, Harrison (2002) proposed that we should adopt a bill of rights for manuscript submitters to assure a fair and just peer-review process. Harrison's ideas remain relevant and important, but little has been done to recognize his call for a bill of rights. In response, I propose that it is time to formally recognize a set of basic rights manuscript submitters should be granted during peer review. I explore the basis for five such rights and analyze the forces that are likely to make abiding by these rights difficult in practice. There is much to be done in our journals and in the Academy to shore up protections granted to manuscript submitters during peer review. I additionally consider the following: Where do we go from here?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to analyse the way the woodcuts from Sebastian Brant’s Narrenschiff play a role in the transfer of the work into French. La grant nef des folz du monde (February 1499/1500) develops its own specific text/image relationship. It shows how the transfer from one language into another is accompanied by a new organisation of the meaning, part of the visual dimension being conveyed by the text. It is the case for the layout of the German incunable that gives the image a central part in the construction of the double page of each chapter and is partly transferred into textual devices as the French version leans towards traditional manuscript layouts in two columns. It is also the case in the translation process when the French text offers new developments inspired by the image to improve the impact of the satire. This reveals how a deeper connection is built between text and image in the translation process and how decisive the visual dimension of the book was for the adaptor who intends to unite into his text both a translation of the woodcuts and the text itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a novel account of the nature and significance of 'orality' in the writings of Italian 'migrant writers'. Providing in-depth analysis of 'I fiumi di altrove', a text and performance by the critically neglected Iraqi-born storyteller Yousif Jaralla, it investigates the role of orality as an integral part of migrant authors' work within, and as part of, the Italian cultural landscape. In order to challenge the perception of orality as an inferior and unsophisticated form of storytelling, the critical exploration takes as its theoretical starting point the idea of an oral-literary continuum. That framework supports both the analytical discussion of Jaralla's 'I fiumi di altrove' and its endorsement of the literary sophistication of the formal patterns exhibited. Ultimately, the article proposes a new formal and aesthetic approach to works by migrant writers based around the explicit foregrounding of orality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we present the results of a corpus-based study where we explore whether it is possible to automatically single out different facets of text complexity in a general-purpose corpus. To this end, we use factor analysis as applied in Biber's multi-dimensional analysis framework. We evaluate the results of the factor solution by correlating factor scores and readability scores to ascertain whether the selected factor solution matches the independent measurement of readability, which is a notion tightly linked to text complexity. The corpus used in the study is the Swedish national corpus, called Stockholm-Umeå Corpus or SUC. The SUC contains subject-based text varieties (e.g., hobby), press genres (e.g., editorials), and mixed categories (e.g., miscellaneous). We refer to them collectively as 'registers'. Results show that it is indeed possible to elicit and interpret facets of text complexity using factor analysis despite some caveats. We propose a tentative text complexity profiling of the SUC registers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we examine elaboration, compression and explicitness in academic and popular writing in an Outer Circle variety of English, that of Hong-Kong, as represented in the International Corpus of English corpus. As Biber and Gray (2016) show, contemporary academic discourse is structurally compressed at NP level (rather than elaborated) and inexplicit in the expression of meaning. The linguistic features selected for analysis are short passives, which are compressed and inexplicit, and adnominal relative clauses, which represent the opposite tendency, that towards elaboration and explicitness. We focus on register variation through analyzing, first, differences between academic and popular writing, and second, interdisciplinary variation in four sub-registers: humanities, social sciences, natural sciences and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information about the editorial policy of the journal regarding the submission of manuscripts.

Through illustrations notoriously difficult to interpret, even when considered in conjunction with the chapters they presumably depict, the sixteenth-century manuscript "Splendor Solis" exemplifies the highly symbolical approach to representing alchemical processes. The central images of the pictures are typically characterized by the fantastic: mythic animals, beheading, and allusions to the classical gods. Yet, among all the wondrous creatures and allegorical scenes, one very familiar, even ordinary animal regularly appears in the illustrations of this particular manuscript—the horse. Its very ubiquity offers insight into the larger picture of alchemy: some of the uses of the animal are unique to alchemy; others reflect the daily life or ordinariness of the alchemist's culture. This article examines those illustrations in which horses appear and discusses how their depiction contributes to understanding the alchemical processes represented in the visual and verbal texts of the manuscript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics related to book reviews, the role of a critic, and the establishment of a new manuscript category focused on learning guides for reading in the field of Christian Education.

The extensiveness of Alfonso X's Libro del saber de astrología created such a challenge that only one of the nine subsequent, variant copies attempted to copy it in its entirety: Vatican Library, Ms. Vat. lat. 8174. None of them, including this one, however, contains all of the original text. It is the intricacy of design of the first treatise, the Libro de las figuras de las estrellas fijas que son en el ochavo cielo, however, that posed the greatest challenge for copyists. The Vatican copy and Ms. 1197 of the Biblioteca Nacional de España approximated the design of text of the constellation to the left with a wheel diagram of the various stars to the right as found in the original. The way that Ms. 9-28-8 5707 of the Biblioteca de la Real Academia de la Historia negotiated this arrangement by using two conjugate folios, placing the star wheel diagram across the interior two pages and the text on the first and fourth page, which left a considerable amount of blank space that invited over the years several kinds of writings—tallies, signatures, memorias (a record of transactions), and billet doux (essentially, love messages sent via a go-between). The billet doux form the greatest literary interest given their date, their content, and the name of the male protagonist—Felisardo, which aligns them with Lope de Vega's work called Novelas a Marcia Leonarda, and in particular the one titled La desdicha por la honra—published in 1624. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article retraces the fate of Spinoza's ideas in cultural-historical psychology, from the late works of Lev Vygotsky to Evald Ilyenkov. Following Spinoza, Vygotsky considers affect to be the alpha and omega of all psychic development. The central problem both of Ethics and of Vygotsky's last manuscripts is the way to freedom by means of the rational mastering of affects. Vygotsky died before he could carry out his project of a "new psychology" based on Spinoza's idea of man. His students were not able to continue his work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Describes the manuscript of the De Doctrina Christiana. Exposition of Christian teaching; Distinction between complete and finish content of De Doctrina; Development of text in the book.

In this article the authors examine the high rate of manuscript rejection in the field of management research and offer suggestions on how to improve the quality of management research and the resulting manuscripts. They note that most work that has examined manuscript rejection has focused on the need for more extensive review systems; however, they suggest that inadequately planned research may be a more significant problem. They contend that new mechanisms need to be put in place that would provide researchers with feedback and advice while they are still in the developmental stage of their work. They outline how an independent review system could function to provide this service to researches and discuss some of the potential difficulties and benefits that may arise.

PAM 43.680 frag. 46 provides the first textual evidence of a manuscript with Psalm 41 among the Qumran scrolls and offers an additional example of stichometrically arranged psalms with one-colon lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gospel book known to scholars as the Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram (Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 14000) is a lavishly decorated manuscript produced in 870 for the Carolingian king and subsequent emperor Charles the Bald (823-877). Although the manuscript has been much admired and its art frequently reproduced, many questions remain concerning the Codex Aureus and its miniatures, both individually and as parts of a program. This article examines the relationship between text and image in the two full-page miniatures, which represent the enthroned Charles the Bald facing an image of the twenty-four elders adoring the Lamb. It reads the illuminations as a diptych by looking at the writings of John Scotus, known as Eriugena (ca. 810-ca. 877), the poet, philosopher, and master of the school to whom the Codex Aureus’s captions have been attributed. By assimilating the king to Christ, the Word made flesh, the two-page opening captures the king’s imperial aspiration and related expectations for salvation. The miniatures not only compose a statement of ruler theology but also introduce Charles the Bald, who was the principal viewer of the manuscript, to a process of spiritual ascension through intellectual contemplation. This process was designed to elevate the king’s mind above the temporal world in order to accomplish a mystical union with God, a theosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Text Lines Segmentation (TLS) affects the performance of Manuscript Text Recognition (MTR) systems from document images. At the same time, the TLS task consists of two tasks: the first is Text Lines Localization (TLL) and the second is the Search of the Path that Divides neighboring Lines (SPDL) of handwritten text. The TLS task depends on the type of language, author’s writing style, pen type and document quality. In this paper, Projected Energy Map with Alpha blending (PEM-Alpha) is presented as an unsupervised method for the TLL task, which can work with lines that are touching or overlapping. In addition, SPDL-GA is proposed as a method for SPDL task which finds the line that best splits the text. The experimentation is carried out with a standard collection of historical multilingual documents. Through experimentation it is demostrated that the proposed methods outperform other state-of-the-art methods, even in documents with mixed languages. In addition, few parameters required by PEM-Alpha and SPDL-GA are automatically calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a heuristic that teachers and students can use together to create a vocabulary for discussing the aesthetic aspects of color and typography in document design work. By using this framework, teachers and students can generate a collection of shared visual topoi or commonplaces for describing the aesthetic value of color and typography that they can then draw from to inform visual analysis and production work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Daluang or dluwang is an Indonesian traditional ‘near paper’ that is made of Saeh, a type of mulberry plant. Daluang or dluwang were used as a writing material in Java during the Islamic era. Cirebon, West Java Province, Indonesia, is one of daluang manuscript collection sources in Indonesia. The manuscripts belong to the local society and the royal family. The objective of this research is to provide a brief history of daluang production and use and to identify deterioration phenomena of daluang manuscripts which belong to the Cirebon society. The data was collected by literature study, interviews and a survey examining daluang manuscripts. The findings from this study are an important documentation of the present condition of daluang manuscripts in Cirebon. Furthermore, this paper offers guidance for a condition survey of daluang manuscript collections and identifies weaknesses in the current practice of preservation, offering suggestions for optimized storage conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: How likely is it that few species can randomly assemble into a feasible and stable community? Some studies have answered that as long as the community is feasible, it will nearly always be stable. In contrast, other studies have answered that the likelihood is almost null. Here, we show that the origin of this debate has been the underestimation of the association of the parameter space of intrinsic growth rates with the feasibility and stability properties of small randomly‐assembled communities. In particular, we demonstrate that not all parameterizations and sampling distributions of intrinsic growth rates lead to the same probabilities of stability and feasibility, which could mistakenly lead to under‐ or overestimate the stability properties of feasible communities. Additionally, we find that stability imposes a filtering of species abundances “towards” more even distributions in small feasible randomly‐assembled communities. This indicates that the stability of feasible communities is inherently linked to the starting distribution of species abundances, a characteristic that many times has been ignored, but should be incorporated in manageable lab and field experiments. Overall, the return to this debate is a central reminder that a more systematic exploration of the feasible parameter space is necessary to derive general conclusions about the stability properties of ecological communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues that the act of Vorlage-based copying involves a dynamic interplay between both memory and Vorlage. While numerous scholars argue that memory played a significant role in textual transmission in ancient Israel and early Judaism, few have explicitly discussed the role that memory plays in the act of copying a manuscript. This article identifies with greater precision the point in the copying process at which a scribe may rely on long-term memory, rather than his Vorlage. The article will examine three erasures in three Dead Sea scrolls that demonstrate the phenomenon of memorycued errors, in which a scribe's long-term memory caused mistakes in the copying process. Not only do these memory-cued errors illustrate the role of memory in the copying process, they also allow for a much clearer and more nuanced understanding of the nature of textual transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by the experimental findings of some new exotic states decaying into channels like J / ψ ϕ , we investigate the formation of resonances/bound states in the D s ⁎ D ¯ s ⁎ system using QCD sum rules. To do this we start with a current of the type vector times vector and use spin projectors to separate the spin 0, 1 and 2 contributions to the correlation function. We find three states with isospin 0, nearly spin degenerate, with a mass around 4.1 GeV. We have also investigated the decay of these states to J / ψ ϕ and provide the corresponding partial widths. Such information should be useful for experimental studies in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, Michelle O'Callaghan investigates practices of manuscript compilation, taking Don.c.54 and Rawl.poet.31, Bodleian Library, as her main case studies. Both manuscripts evidence a degree of organization and planning, and thus possess a "significant shape," even though one (Rawl.poet.31) was produced by a professional scribe in a short span of time as a commercial enterprise, and the other (Don.c.54) was compiled by its owner (an amateur scribe) over the course of three decades. The essay uncovers the high level of skill and awareness of manuscript design that amateur as well as professional copyists could display. It explores the kinds of interpretive work required to analyze the complex interrelationship between material form and textual content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Études Françaises is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Études Françaises is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Études Françaises is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Études Françaises is the property of Presses de l'Universite de Montreal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the author discusses the theme of the issue, the layout of medieval manuscripts.

In the quest for Second Temple messianic traditions, Psalm of Solomon 17 serves as an indispensable touchstone. Within the psalm, v. 21 is of particular importance since it introduces the messianic 'son of David' for the first time in extant Second Temple literature. Given the importance of this psalm in general and of 17.21 in particular, it is therefore surprising that a translation option for 17.21 has gone unexplored in the last four centuries of scholarship. Through careful examination of external and internal evidence, in addition to the manuscript tradition, this article argues that David's son, rather than Israel, is the Lord's 'servant' in Ps. Sol. 17.21, a rendering that is bolstered by and adds to the psalm's position as the Second Temple witness to Davidic messianism par excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]