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Describes a simulation language--the Integrated Network System (INS)--which lends itself to modeling library operations and presents a simulation in which the circulation department of a university library was subjected to 10- and 20-percent increases in public demand and the efficiency and human resource needs of the department were analyzed. (Author/JL)

Discusses citation formats utilized by library and information science journals and lists citation examples from 11 publications and recommendations for citation formats made by the American National Standards Institute over the last decade. Efforts toward citation standardization within the field of medical publishing are noted. Seven references are cited. (EJS)

Classical queuing theories and their accompanying service facilities totally disregard the human factors in the name of efficiency. As library managers we need to be more responsive to human needs in the design of service points and make every effort to minimize queuing and queue frustration. Five references are listed. (Author/RAA)

As part of the process of making an appointment to an advice and consent position, the President usually submits a nomination to the Senate. The Senate's executive clerk, acting on behalf of the Senate's presiding officer, refers the nomination to the appropriate committee or committees on the day it is received. When making a referral, the executive clerk is guided by Senate Rule XXV, which establishes the subject matter under the purview of each committee and directs that "all proposed legislation, messages, petitions, memorials, and other matters relating primarily to [those] subjects" be referred to that committee. The executive clerk is also guided by precedents set by prior referrals and by standing orders and unanimous consent (UC) agreements adopted by the Senate pertaining to the referral of nominations. Most nominations are referred to one committee. For some positions, a nomination or series of nominations to a position are referred to more than one committee, pursuant to a standing order, a UC agreement, or a statutory provision. A nomination may be jointly or sequentially referred to multiple committees. Joint referral has generally occurred when more than one committee has had a claim to jurisdiction over the subject matter related to the position. Under joint referral, the committees receive the nomination simultaneously and may consider it concurrently. All committees to which a nomination is referred must report it to the full Senate or be discharged from its further consideration before it may be considered on the floor. Sequential referral has generally occurred when one committee has had predominant jurisdiction over the subject matter related to the position, but other committees have had a claim as well. Under this process, a nomination is referred to the committee with predominant jurisdiction first and is then sequentially referred to additional committees. Consideration of subsequent referrals can be subject to a time limit after which the committee or committees without primary jurisdiction are automatically discharged from further consideration of the nomination. Certain nominations or categories of nominations are subject to a potentially more expedited Senate consideration pursuant to a standing order adopted in the 112th Congress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a comprehensive list of current Saudi Arabian medical periodicals. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]