Search

For too long, museums have used thin, white mannequins as the standard for body surrogates in dress and textile exhibitions. This article explores some of the issues surrounding this practice and the message these objects may convey. As an actionable step towards social equity, it offers an alternative called the "Forest People" that aims to address issues of diversity and inclusion in curatorial and display practices. Inspired by tree diversity, the Forest People is a solution that draws from the past to create a new version of artists' wooden lay figures. It replicates different wood colors and grains and can lend itself to presenting a variety of different races while still fading in the background and conveying an aesthetically pleasing and visually coherent ensemble. The article reflects on the development of a prototype for the exhibition Woven Identities: Ghanaian and Guatemalan Textiles in the Face of Globalization (2023) at the University of Alberta, and its effectiveness and potential developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fatness may be finding representation on the catwalk, but it has few friends in the museum. This article uses a case study of the Costume Institute alongside interviews with a variety of museum professionals and dealers of historic clothing to discuss the culture of acquisition and exhibition that tends to exclude larger garments from display. This bias consists of a set of subjective aesthetic preferences that drives curators and collectors to focus their efforts on garments designed for or worn by people with ideal bodies and is reinforced by the well-intentioned effort to have fashion recognized as a higher decorative art form rather than a practical craft. The mechanisms by which collections develop and exhibitions are created often reinforce the exclusion of larger sizes, making change a complex endeavor, but the active renegotiation of these norms is already in progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing mmWave radar sensors for indoor crowd motion sensing and tracking faces a critical challenge: the scarcity of large-scale, high-quality training data. Traditional human experiments encounter logistical complexities, ethical considerations, and safety issues. Replicating precise human movements across trials introduces noise and inconsistency into the data. To address this, this study proposes a novel solution: a movable platform equipped with a life-size mannequin to generate realistic and diverse data points for mmWave radar training and testing. Unlike human subjects, the platform allows precise control over movements, optimising sensor placement relative to the target object. Preliminary optimisation results reveal that sensor height impacts tracking performance, with an optimal sensor placement above the test subject yields the best results. The results also reveal that the 3D data format outperforms 2D data in accuracy despite having fewer frames. Additionally, analysing height distribution using 3D data highlights the importance of the sensor angle—15° downwards from the horizontal plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Appropriate knowledge and expertise of parenteral injection is vital in the medical field. Hence we impart training on mannequins before the students practice on patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the skill exhibited by the students in parenteral injection skills, namely intravenous, intramuscular, intradermal and subcutaneous injections. The students were assessed for step based on the pre-validated check list created for Objective Structured Practical Examination. In this study, 16 % of the students failed to check the prescription order before starting the procedure. The name and the expiry date of the drug was not checked by 22 % of the students. Hundred percent of the students sterilized their hands. Loading of drug was done properly by 80 % of the students and 88 % of the students checked for air bubbles in the syringe and removed them properly. The site for injection was not sterilized by 26 percent of the students. Tourniquet was not applied by 19 percent of the students and 28 % of the students did not hold the bevel up during insertion for intravenous route. The steps where frequent faltering happened needs to be emphasized for them to perform better in a more efficient manner during the summative assessment as well as for future practice.

With the advent of modern, high-speed electrified rail systems, there has been increasing concern about electromagnetic safety in rail carriages. The aim of this study was to assess the electromagnetic safety of passengers on trains by utilizing advanced 3D electromagnetic simulation software. A comprehensive model of the electromagnetic environment experienced by passengers on a CR400AF train, specifically under the influence of catenary radiation, was constructed. We analyzed the magnetic field strength, electric field strength, and current density in the brains of 20 passengers in various positions in the train. The findings revealed that among the 20 passengers analyzed, the maximum and minimum magnetic induction intensity recorded in the brain were 8.41 and 0.01 μ T , respectively. The maximum and minimum induced electric field intensities were 1110 and 10 μ V / m , respectively. Lastly, the maximum and minimum induced current densities were 1200 and 10 μ A / m 2 , respectively. The results show that when people ride on the CR400AF train, the magnetic induction intensity, induced electric field strength, and induced current density in the brain are below the recommended basic limits of exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields in the guidelines of the International Committee on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. The power frequency magnetic field generated by the catenary can be effectively shielded by the aluminum alloy car body. The final result of this study indicates that the electromagnetic exposure from the contact wire at the level 25 kV does not pose a threat to the health of passengers on the CR400AF train. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study was proposed to identify the use Information and Communication Technologies of tools based on Information and Communication Technologies as simulators, applications, or simulated environments in the teaching-learning processes in human and animal health sciences in different levels of academic studies. Materials and methods: In this research, a twelve- question survey was administered to staff of simulation laboratories/centers, and undergraduate and graduate academic programs in the field of human and animal health sciences in Colombia. The survey focused on identifying simulation spaces, hardware, and software tools available. Data analysis was performed using a 95% confidence level and a minimum sample size of 15 from a population of 86 higher education institutions. Results and Discussion: A clear trend to use health-care simulation in undergraduate programs was found, followed by graduate and finally specialty programs. The most commonly used simulators are task trainers and manikins for developing motor skills. However, the number of available simulators is still insufficient, in contrast to the increased demand for the growing number of students in the health field. Conclusions: The development of new tools is a high- priority need, especially in fields such as gynecology and obstetrics, surgery, and cardiology, which require specific skills and capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated the utilization of mannequins in merchandizing ready-to-wear garments by retailers in Anambra State. Specifically, it determined the availability of mannequins in ready-to-wear garment shops in Anambra State, ways mannequins influence sales of ready–to-wear retail shops in Anambra State, functions of mannequins in merchandizing of ready-to-wear apparels in retail shops. Survey research design was adopted. Population was 820 ready-to-wear garment retailers in the area. Sample size was 110. Questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analysed using percentage and mean. Findings revealed that flexible mannequin, wooden mannequins were averagely available. Findings reveal availability assorted types of 29 mannequins. They are grouped base-on their style; audience of focus; feature; colour; prose; materials; size and functionality. Availability frequency/percentage (F%) range from F(%) 88(19.7%) to 239(53.6%). Other findings are 18 ways mannequins influence sales of ready-to-wear garments. These include among others, help to draw customers to the ready-t-wear garment shops in order to make a purchase (X̄ = 3.87), help to tell what products have arrived and in which store (X̄ = 3.85), create a particular atmosphere or give a certain fell (X̄ = 3.81). Further findings are 29 functions of mannequins in the shops. These include, among others, showcase merchandise (X̄ = 3.04), help retailers to make good choice (X̄ = 3.09), and increase the sales of clothing in retail shops (X̄ = 3.07). Four recommendations were made for improving the mannequins clothing merchandizing. Based on the findings of the study, four recommendations were made. These including among others, workshop aqnd seminars should be organized by ready-to-wear garment association on effective utilization of mannequins for advertising ready-to-wear garments to their customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adequate and continuous airway management by health professionals is fundamental to ensure patient safety and protection. Among several techniques, laryngoscopy for orotracheal intubation is considered a basic skill, so it is taught and learned in medical school and used during the future years of professional practice. However, in some clinical scenarios, physical and anatomical characteristics can make laryngoscopy exceedingly difficult. In the last decade, some new devices have emerged to apply indirect or video-assisted imaging systems, so-called videolaryngoscopes. They have shown great efficiency in difficult intubation cases and have improved teaching and training. Our study introduced a videolaryngoscope, the McGrath... MAC, in the regular laryngoscopy training rotation for 3rd-year undergraduate medical students and evaluated whether there was any associated optimization of the students... performance. Method: Students from two different classes and years (2017 and 2018) were randomly divided into two groups and received theoretical and practical training in the techniques of Direct Laryngoscopy (DL) and Videolaryngoscopy (VL). The students in each group applied the manoeuvres and simulated three tracheal intubation attempts on mannequins. They were evaluated for their success rate on the first attempt, the time required to finalize the intubation, and the visualization of the glottic structures according to the classification of Cormack-Lehane (C&L). Results: Two hundred and four students with an average age of 21.ß...ß2 years participated in the study; the groups were similar. There was a significant difference between the VL and DL groups in the 1st attempt success rate (97% and 89.4%, respectively, p.ß=.ß0.0497 ... 95% CI), but such a difference was not seen for the other attempts or regarding the number of oesophageal intubations (3% and 7.7%). The students in the VL group were faster than those in the DL group in all intubation attempts; in parallel, the vast majority of the VL group reported excellent visualization conditions, with 75% of the attempts classified as Cormack-Lehane grade 1. Conclusion: The introduction of a videolaryngoscope in medical students... training improved the visualization of anatomical structures and allowed tracheal intubation maneuvers to be performed faster and with a higher success rate on the first attempt. Thus, under the conditions of this prospective study, the videolaryngoscope had a positive impact on training and proved to be a promising tool for teaching laryngoscopy.

Developing mmWave radar sensors for indoor crowd motion sensing and tracking faces a critical challenge: the scarcity of large-scale, high-quality training data. Traditional human experiments encounter logistical complexities, ethical considerations, and safety issues. Replicating precise human movements across trials introduces noise and inconsistency into the data. To address this, this study proposes a novel solution: a movable platform equipped with a life-size mannequin to generate realistic and diverse data points for mmWave radar training and testing. Unlike human subjects, the platform allows precise control over movements, optimising sensor placement relative to the target object. Preliminary optimisation results reveal that sensor height impacts tracking performance, with an optimal sensor placement above the test subject yields the best results. The results also reveal that the 3D data format outperforms 2D data in accuracy despite having fewer frames. Additionally, analysing height distribution using 3D data highlights the importance of the sensor angle—15° downwards from the horizontal plane.

Der Beitrag zeichnet die Entwicklungslinie der Modepuppe bis zum lebendigen Mannequin nach und beleuchtet dabei die symbolische Kehrseite einer weiblichen Uniformität, die bis heute Gültigkeit besitzt. Modepüppchen sind im heutigen Sprachgebrauch übertrieben auf ihr Aussehen bedachte, oft belächelte Personen. Ausgangspunkt des Püppchen-Narrativs sind sog. Pandora-Puppen, die seit dem 17. Jahrhundert weibliche Angehörige europäischer Königshäuser über die neuesten Modetrends unterrichteten. Ihre Mission entpuppte sich als Unheil bringend, übertrug sich doch ihre Funktion als steifes Präsentationsmodell auf die menschliche Trägerin der feinen Kleider. Der um 1900 von Reform-Bewegungen kritisierte puppenartige Frauentypus bildet – Metapherund Realität zugleich – den zentralen Anknüpfungspunkt.

Across six studies, a female mannequin is demonstrated to have negative implications for both male and female consumers low in appearance self-esteem. In particular, consumers who are lower in appearance self-esteem evaluate a product displayed by a mannequin more negatively as compared with consumers higher in appearance self-esteem. As mannequins signal the normative standard of beauty and consumers with low self-esteem in regard to their appearance believe they fail to meet this standard, these consumers become threatened by the beauty standard when exposed to a mannequin and in response denigrate the product the mannequin is displaying. We provide evidence for the underlying process in three ways: 1) through the finding that the effect for male and female consumers with low appearance self-esteem arises only when the mannequin is displaying an appearance-related product, 2) through mediation analysis demonstrating that the mannequin conveys society's standard of beauty and that this negatively impacts product evaluations, and 3) through mitigation of the effect by removing the presence of threat via a self-affirmation task or decreasing the mannequin's beauty (e.g., marking its face, removing its hair, or removing its head). Multiple avenues for future research are forwarded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review of Piotr Paziński’s book Atrapy stworzenia (Creation Dummies) follows the questions posed Paziński himself, including the key one: about the status of a doll (and related anthropomorphic creations). To deal with this issue, Paziński introduces the notion of a dummy or “dummy-ness.” He has already employed the concept in his previous book of essays to which the review also refers: Rzeczywistość poprzecierana (Worn-Out Reality). From Paziński’s perspective, dummies allow us to name the phenomenon they themselves carry: that which imitates existence seems to exist more acutely than that which fully exists. At the same time, the dummies are amaterial metaphor for the fragility of what we call consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Evidence-based medicine seeks to improve medical education, which requires high competency levels in various clinical skills such as examination of patients and execution of clinical techniques on patients by integrating skill and simulation-based teaching and learning as supplementary to traditional methods of bedside clinical teaching. Hence, a safely prepared and controlled environment with trained interdisciplinary teams is very essential in providing such effective medical education to students as well as health-care professionals. The ongoing skill and simulation center project aims to provide teaching, training, and learning in various clinical procedures for both medical students and clinicians. Materials and Methods: The project management cycle framework was used which included the phases of planning, designing, training, and implementation. Having picked the model for the proposed skill and simulation center, that is, redefining medical education with skill and simulation-based teaching, training, and learning, it was decided to establish this skill and simulation center. Results: The functional skill and simulation center unit with the state-of-the-art infrastructure along with a trained multidisciplinary team was achieved. There are also academic programs, which include the demonstration of various clinical and surgical skills and workshops on simulation-based medical education. Conclusion: It was possible to establish a comprehensive skill and simulation center and achieve best practices in medical education by optimal investment in infrastructure and improving the available human resources. Detailed planning is required, across a variety of domains. We hope our experiences shared in this article will help other medical colleges and hospitals across the region, both nationally and globally, toward establishing similar educational facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background We report the implementation of a large-scale simulation-based cardiovascular diagnostics course for undergraduate medical students. Methods A simulation-based course was integrated into the curriculum of second-year medical students (> 400 students/year). The first session aimed at teaching cardiac auscultation skills on mannequins and the second at teaching blood pressure measurement, peripheral arterial examination, and the clinical examination of heart failure in a technical skill-based manner and in a scenario. Results A total of 414 (99.8%) and 402 (98.5%) students, as well as 102 and 104 educators, participated during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 academic years across both types of sessions. The number of positive appreciations by students was high and improved from the first to the second year (session 1: 77% vs. 98%, session 2: 89% vs. 98%; p 400 students/year was feasible, and students and educators reacted favorably.

To examine whether audio-voice guidance application improves adherence to resuscitation sequence and recommended time frames during neonatal resuscitation. A prospective, randomized, pilot study examining the use of an audio-voice application for guiding resuscitation on newborn mannequins, based on the Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) algorithm. Two different scenarios, with and without voice guidance, were presented to 20 medical personnel (2 midwives, 8 nurses, and 10 physicians) in random order, and their performance videotaped. Audio-voice guided resuscitation compared with non-guided resuscitation, resulted in significantly better compliance with NRP order sequence (p<0.01), correct use of oxygen supplementation (p<0.01) and performance of MR SOPA (Mask, reposition, suction, open mouth, pressure, airway) (p<0.01), and shortened the time to "positive pressure ventilation" (p<0.01). In this pilot study, audio-voice guidance application for newborn resuscitation simulation on mannequins, based on the NRP algorithm, improved adherence and performance of NRP guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fashion model is a highly visible presence within contemporary culture. Models are featured in fashion shows, magazines, television programmes, websites, and wherever fashion and female beauty imagery are present. Dress, behaviour, and fashion play important roles within fiction, including in girls’ series books. From Louisa May Alcott’s novels Little Women, Good Wives, Little Men, and Jo’s Boys (1868–1885) and Carolyn Keene’s Nancy Drew books (1930-)’ to contemporary series such as Gossip Girl (2002–2011) by Cecily von Ziegesar, Airhead (2008–2010) by Meg Cabot, and Geek Girl (2013–2017) by Holly Smale, series books have evolved and remained popular over the last 150 years. What girls wear and how they look have been important aspects of the genre. Books aimed at girls and young women are historically connected to fairy tales, religious fiction, and education, and have been important in setting standards of behaviour for girls and young women. The fashion model became a frequent role model in girl culture in the 1960s, and her influence has grown over the years. As the chapter explains, in girls’ novels, fashion has been more important than romance. The methodological approach of this study is literary and cultural content analysis; it emphasises a sociological and historical viewpoint to understand the role of the fashion model, then and now; fashion cities; female beauty culture; and notions of female achievement as depicted in Janey Scott’s four 1961 girls’ series of novels, titled Sara Gay Model Girl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background There is concern that the body size of fashion store mannequins are too thin and promote unrealistic body ideals. To date there has been no systematic examination of the size of high street fashion store mannequins. Methods We surveyed national fashion retailers located on the high street of two English cities. The body size of ‘male’ and ‘female’ mannequins was assessed by two blinded research assistants using visual rating scales. Results The average female mannequin body size was representative of a very underweight woman and 100% of female mannequins represented an underweight body size. The average male mannequin body size was significantly larger than the average female mannequin body size. Only 8% of male mannequins represented an underweight body size. Conclusions The body size of mannequins used to advertise female fashion is unrealistic and would be considered medically unhealthy in humans.

Social and cultural understandings of gender have shifted dramatically in recent years. Arguably, an increasing awareness of the fluidity and performativity of gender has allowed for recognition of identities and expressions that complicate the male/female binary. Fashion, habitus, and manipulation of the human body are critical to the visible, tangible production of gender. In our research, we explore how fashion and costume museums are engaging with this shift77 and, more specifically, with the representation of bodies through the use of mannequins in museum exhibition spaces. We begin with historical and contemporary context of the current "Gender Revolution" and report on findings from a survey of museum professionals within our field who regularly work with mannequins for display of their dress collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the animate fashion model emerged in the 1870s, cultural observers were quick to note the many paradoxes the 'mannequin vivant' embodied. Occupying both private and public spaces and blurring the ontological divide between the original and copy, the living fashion model questioned the boundaries between corporeality and mechanical reproduction. This essay explores the liminal position of the 'mannequin vivant' by situating it within another paradoxical relationship the model engendered, that of fame and anonymity. Accounts of the living fashion model during the fin de siècle period not only attest to the model's ubiquitous media presence, but also to her anonymity. This essay proposes that the fin-de-siècle living fashion model, through its integration into the cityscape and its position in the cultural imaginary, was inextricably tied to the network of celebrity in ways that endure to this day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facilities, besides having to satisfy functional and constructive elementary needs, and to be economically reasonable, they must also enjoy the aesthetics. Architecture as science and art is related to many other sciences and recent technical-technological achievements, with the use of various materials and their processing. Architecture on the aesthetic side is the design of the building both in the interior and the interior, as well as on the outside - in the exterior, as well as forms of entrepreneurs. When we are at the form mediator and the position of the construction, many scientists try to make these explanations in different ways. In contemporary terms is the body of the mannequin, where its skeleton is considered to be a bearing structure while its dressing is the building material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lúdica Pedagógica is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ricerche di Pedagogia e Didattica is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Educazione and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The primary purpose of this paper is to highlight the relationships between mannequins' usage in restaurants, customers' social isolation, and visit intention to full-service restaurants in the context of contagious diseases. Data were collected from 507 customers of 22 full-service restaurants in Greater Cairo. Data were analyzed in SmartPLS 4.4. The results supported the relationships between social loneliness and relative advantage, compatibility, and social support, along with the linkage between social loneliness and intention to visit the restaurant. Furthermore, the paper explores the moderating role of spatial layout between social loneliness and visit intention in these restaurants. There was no relationship between self-regulatory efficacy and social loneliness. Thus, the paper extends existing knowledge on customers' social reactions to social clues, such as mannequins and physical restaurant layouts, to facilitate customer adaptation to these innovative solutions in crises. • The social-ecological model, expectancy, and social learning theories were employed. • 507 internal visitors of 22 full-service restaurants in Greater Cairo as research sample. • Spatial layout moderates the social loneliness-intention to visit linkage. • Mannequins and physical layout proved to be an efficient social clue to customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adequate and continuous airway management by health professionals is fundamental to ensure patient safety and protection. Among several techniques, laryngoscopy for orotracheal intubation is considered a basic skill, so it is taught and learned in medical school and used during the future years of professional practice. However, in some clinical scenarios, physical and anatomical characteristics can make laryngoscopy exceedingly difficult. In the last decade, some new devices have emerged to apply indirect or video-assisted imaging systems, so-called videolaryngoscopes. They have shown great efficiency in difficult intubation cases and have improved teaching and training. Our study introduced a videolaryngoscope, the McGrath... MAC, in the regular laryngoscopy training rotation for 3 rd -year undergraduate medical students and evaluated whether there was any associated optimization of the students..., Method: Students from two different classes and years (2017 and 2018) were randomly divided into two groups and received theoretical and practical training in the techniques of Direct Laryngoscopy (DL) and Videolaryngoscopy (VL). The students in each group applied the manoeuvres and simulated three tracheal intubation attempts on mannequins. They were evaluated for their success rate on the first attempt, the time required to finalize the intubation, and the visualization of the glottic structures according to the classification of Cormack-Lehane (C&L)., Results: Two hundred and four students with an average age of 21.ß...ß2 years participated in the study; the groups were similar. There was a significant difference between the VL and DL groups in the 1 st attempt success rate (97% and 89.4%, respectively, p.ß=.ß0.0497 ... 95% CI), but such a difference was not seen for the other attempts or regarding the number of oesophageal intubations (3% and 7.7%). The students in the VL group were faster than those in the DL group in all intubation attempts; in parallel, the vast majority of the VL group reported excellent visualization conditions, with 75% of the attempts classified as Cormack-Lehane grade 1., Conclusion: The introduction of a videolaryngoscope in medical students... training improved the visualization of anatomical structures and allowed tracheal intubation maneuvers to be performed faster and with a higher success rate on the first attempt. Thus, under the conditions of this prospective study, the videolaryngoscope had a positive impact on training and proved to be a promising tool for teaching laryngoscopy., (Copyright © 2021 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier España S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

London-born mixed media sculptor Yasemen Hussein started to make hair out of wire after stumbling across a heap of electrical copper cable in a scrapyard in the mid-1990s. Since then her hair and other sculptures have been featured in offices, shops, galleries, and museums in Britain and abroad. In 2009, on the recommendation of Philip Treacy, Yasemen was commissioned to make metal "wigs" for mannequins in the Museum of London's Pleasure Garden display. Yasemen and the museum's senior curator of fashion, Beatrice Behlen, bonded over the many challenges thrown up by this not entirely straight-forward project. In this conversation, Yasemen and Beatrice discuss the sculptor's attitude to her own hair, chart the development of her work, explore what drew Yasemen to recreating something soft and pliable out of heavy metal, the reasons behind the particular hairstyles she chooses to sculpt, as well as her working method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Judith Clark looks at fashion exhibition-making alongside Aby Warburg's Mnemosyne Atlas (Panel 55) for her 2011 gallery exhibition entitled The Judgement of Paris. By looking at the three goddesses' attributes, the reproduced exhibition leaflet wonders about the styling of mannequins and props that are intrinsic to exhibition-making but extrinsic to the exhibited object (namely dress), which is omitted from the exhibition entirely. The visual essay links Aby Warburg to Anna Piaggi's monthly collages for Vogue Italia and their idiosyncratic act of recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is concern that the body size of fashion store mannequins are too thin and promote unrealistic body ideals. To date there has been no systematic examination of the size of high street fashion store mannequins. Methods: We surveyed national fashion retailers located on the high street of two English cities. The body size of 'male' and 'female' mannequins was assessed by two blinded research assistants using visual rating scales. Results: The average female mannequin body size was representative of a very underweight woman and 100% of female mannequins represented an underweight body size. The average male mannequin body size was significantly larger than the average female mannequin body size. Only 8% of male mannequins represented an underweight body size. Conclusions: The body size of mannequins used to advertise female fashion is unrealistic and would be considered medically unhealthy in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exhibition,Circle of Dance, which opened at National Museum of the American Indian – New York in September 2012, showcases dances of 10 Native communities from 10 geographical locations in the Western Hemisphere. This paper details the creation and fabrication of several of the articulated mannequins for garments and object accessories for this exhibition. Each of the mannequins was articulated in a gesture specific to a dance important to the respective tribe. Producing the illusion of specific movement and providing distinctive facial features and hand gestures was imperative. A variety of arm and leg connection techniques utilizing mechanical and magnetized attachments were employed. The faces, hands, and feet were created from Fosshape, a polyester felt-like material that becomes stiff when steamed. Three topics are discussed here: choosing poses for maximum illusion of motion, creating gesture through arm and leg connection techniques, and extension of the articulation to facial and hand expressions with Fosshape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is about the use of dioramas in Sámi exhibitions. The author discusses the use of a specific exhibition technique where a mannequin and a taxidermied reindeer are grouped together, and often placed in an illusionary winter landscape. She has named this the Lappish Equipage. This form of representation has a long history both inside and outside museums, and it can be found in both Sámi and ethnic Norwegian and Swedish museums. The author discusses how this diorama works, and how its chequered past through appearances in various types of exhibitions makes it problematic to use in contemporary museum exhibitions about the Sámi. On the other hand, the author also points out that if the Lappish Equipage is re-framed and re-contextualized, and its exhibition history is consciously activated, the Lappish Equipage has a potential to work as a contact point between Sámi history and visitors in the museums today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What are the rationale, significance and implications of the use of reproductions of the human body in contemporary historical museums? This article probes this question through a critical analysis of diverse uses of body simulacra - specifically mannequins and life-size figures - in historical museums in Taiwan and China. The discussion of the East-Asian case study is set against examples from historical representations of the body in Northern Europe as a way to offer a comparative perspective that casts light on the uniqueness and similarities among these geo-cultural areas. This material enables me to reflect on the changing and diverse roles of mannequins in historical displays - in Western (North European) and non-Western contexts - ranging from materializations of the national past, its heroes and martyrs, aiming to canonize History as distant and authoritative, to display devices that strive to generate personal understandings of the past through memories and emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research empirically examines the impact of emotional influence in evaluation and purchase decision with special reference to goods sold in shopping malls. Various factors which influence the consumer decision, such as ease offered by retailer to customers in defining, selecting and purchasing the product, brand value, utility of the product, reference group, value for money, advertising and its appeal etc are being critically analyzed and its impact is being empirically assessed. Apart from all the factors, emotion play a critical role in consumer decisionmaking and it strongly influence the consumer’s choices. Very little efforts have been done in the past in order to understand the source of emotional arousal in purchase decision. Emotions are subject to change and it is subjective in nature. Emotions silently and unconsciously drive the consumer’s decision at the destiny, where customers intend to go. Emotions are not necessarily permanent and it varies from customer to customer and even for the same customer, it is different, in different situation, so in order to be successful in this hyper competitive business era, organizations need to leverage emotions for business success, for better brand value, customer satisfaction and employee management

Recent changes in medical education have highlighted the importance of experiential learning. Simulation is one model that has gained significant attention in the last decade and has been widely adopted as a training and assessment tool in medical education. Paediatric simulation has been utilized to teach various skills including resuscitation and trauma management, procedural skills and team training. It is also a valuable tool for health care educators, as it allows learners to achieve competence without putting patients at risk. Recent literature demonstrates increased retention of knowledge and skills after simulation based training. Further research is required to improve current simulation curriculums, develop validated assessment tools and to demonstrate improved clinical outcomes after simulation based training. We conducted an online search of original and review articles related to simulation and paediatric medical education and provide an overview of the role and utility of simulation in paediatrics.

The United States has been at war since 2003. During that time, training using Medical Simulation technology has been developed and integrated into military medical training for combat medics, nurses and surgeons. Efforts stemming from the Joint Programmatic Committee-1 (JPC-1) Medical Simulation and Training Portfolio has allowed for the improvement and advancement in military medical training by focusing on research in simulation training technology in order to achieve this. Based upon lessons learned capability gaps have been identified concerning the necessity to validate and enhance combat medial training simulators. These capability gaps include 1) Open Source/Open Architecture; 2) Modularity and Interoperability; and 3) Material and Virtual Reality (VR) Models. Using the capability gaps, JPC-1 has identified important research endeavors that need to be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purposes: This study evaluated the experiences of undergraduate student nurses with high-fidelity Human Patient Simulation Mannequins (HPSMs) and their perceptions of empathy. Methods: An exploratory case-study method was used to investigate the literature on empathy and the use of high-fidelity mannequins in nurse education. Two focus groups were conducted with eight third-year undergraduate nursing students in order to elicit responses to their experiences with HPSMs in their learning, especially in relation to empathy. Findings: Undergraduate nurses found it challenging when using HPSMs in the learning environment to relate to the mannequins as real. Students reported that in their experience, the use of mannequins was not conducive currently to the development of skills necessary for positive interpersonal development of the nurse–patient relationship. Conclusions: Focus group data and the empirical literature suggest that more research needs to be conducted into the use of mannequins in the development of nurse–patient interpersonal skills. Educators need to make evidence-based and pedagogically sound decisions about the use and limitations of HPSMs in undergraduate nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine if the soft tissue compliance of the thoracic paraspinal musculature differs based on gender and body type to help create a foam human analogue mannequin to assist in the training of spinal manipulative therapy. Methods: 54 volunteers were grouped based on their gender and body types. In the prone position, thoracic paraspinal soft tissue compliance was measured at T1, T3 T6, T9 and T12 vertebrae levels bilaterally using a tissue compliance meter. Results: There was no significant difference in tissue compliance when comparing the genders except at T1 (p=0.026). When comparing body types, significantly higher tissue compliance was found between endomorphs and the other groups. No significant difference was found between ectomorphs and mesomorphs. The compliance for the participants in this study ranged from 0.122 mm/N to 0.420 mm/N. Conclusion: There are significant differences in thoracic spine soft tissue compliance in healthy asymptomatic patients between genders in the upper thoracic spine, and between different body types throughout the thoracic spine. It may be beneficial to create multiple versions of practice mannequins to simulate variations amongst different patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Objectifs Rapporter la mise en place d’un programme de simulation pour l’apprentissage des examens mammaire et pelvien gynécologiques aux étudiants de deuxième année de médecine (DFGSM2) et évaluer la satisfaction des étudiants et des enseignants suite à cet enseignement. Patients et méthodes Mise en place de la séance d’apprentissage aux gestes par groupes de cinq étudiants avec une évaluation prospective du programme d’apprentissage grâce à un questionnaire de satisfaction rempli par les étudiants et les enseignants à la fin de la séance d’enseignement. Résultats Le programme d’apprentissage comprenait une préparation en ligne à la séance, trois ateliers sur mannequins simples (examen mammaire, examen pelvien avec mise en place d’un spéculum et frottis cervico-vaginal) et la projection d’un film. Au total, 419 (80,6 %) sur 520 étudiants en MED2 et 15 (50 %) sur 30 enseignants (13 chefs de clinique et 17 sages-femmes) ont répondu au questionnaire. L’appréciation globale de l’enseignement était excellente pour 56,6 % des étudiants et bonne pour 43,2 % d’entre eux. Pour les enseignants, ces pourcentages étaient respectivement de 13,4 % et 86,6 %. En moyenne, 89,7 % des étudiants souhaitaient plus d’enseignements de ce type et tous les enseignants jugeaient ces formations utiles ou très utiles pour les étudiants. Discussion et conclusion La mise en place de séances d’apprentissage par simulation des examens pelvien et mammaire destinés à des étudiants en médecine de deuxième année avec l’utilisation de mannequins simples et de vidéos est associée à un haut degré de satisfaction chez les étudiants et chez les enseignants. Objectives To report the setting-up of a new educational program in the teaching of female pelvic and breast examinations and to investigate and compare the views and experience of undergraduate medical students and teachers on the program. Patients and methods Prospective evaluation of the teaching program through completion of a satisfaction questionnaire including items related to the educational value of the session by the students and the teachers. Results The educational program included an online preparation for the session, 3 workshops on training models (breast examination, pelvic examination, cervical snear procedure) and a video clip. In total, 419 (80.6%) of 520 second study year students (and 15 [50%] of 30 teachers [13 doctors and 17 midwifes] responded to the questionnaire). The students and the teachers were either very satisfied (56.6% and 13.4%, respectively) or satisfied (43.2% and 86.6%, respectively). On average, 89.7% of students wanted more lessons of this type and all teachers felt these useful or very useful training for students. Discussion and conclusion Teaching sessions for pelvic and breast examination, which make combined use of videos and training models, are associated with a high degree of satisfaction from teachers and students in their second student's year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]