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The article examines China's 'soft power' invested in Middle Eastern countries from 2000 to 2018 by offering three main 'Soft Power Pipelines Diffusion' (SPPD): the media, popular culture and education. The paper focuses not only on China's soft presence but also on the response and reception of its power in Middle Eastern Arab countries. China's soft power presence and efforts were found to be efficient and to contribute to China's image in the region and to its transformation into an attractive destination for cooperation in many soft areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aspiration to promote the bio-petrol industry is an attempt to provide a solution for some of the problems the European Union countries share, such as the decreasing importance of peripheral areas, the need to diversify energy sources and the commitment to the Kyoto Protocol. Once Poland joined the EU in 2004, it became committed to adopting the organisation's decisions regarding the bio-petrol industry and to keep up with EU production objectives. An analysis of the factors that influence the bio-petrol industry indicates that Poland has great potential in the field and the ability to become an important player on the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]