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Air leak syndrome manifesting as pneumomediastinum (PM), pneumothorax (PNX) or subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) has been reported in COVID-19 patients with increasing frequency and with varying outcomes. We report a series of eight cases of PM or SCE from 1 April to May 31, 2021, among COVID-19 patients admitted in our ICU. All the patients had severe hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2 ratio ?100) and were on noninvasive ventilation when the air leak was detected except one. PM/SCE was observed mostly on the 3 to 5 day after instituting positive pressure ventilation. High respiratory drive with mean tidal volumes in the range of 6 to 10ml/kg predicted body weight was observed in these patients. Mean inspiratory pressure (Pressure support + positive end expiratory pressure) and mean positive end expiratory pressure delivered by the ventilator ranged between 11 to 21 and 5 to 12 cm HO respectively. Outcomes varied with four deaths, four patients requiring intubation, two patients requiring chest drainage and four patients showing overall improvement out of the total eight patients with air leak. Key Messages: 1.Air leak syndrome is not rare in COVID-19 with reported incidence of 10-14%; 2. Spontaneous noninvasive ventilation in patients with high respiratory drive and large fluctuations in tidal volumes seems to be a risk factor for air leak in patients with severe lung involvement; 3. A conservative approach without intercostal drainage seems to be acceptable in the absence of pneumothorax; 4. Prognosis is varied depending on the underlying disease and not always catastrophic. Keywords: Air leak, Pneumomediastinum, COVID­19, Pneumothorax, Subcutaneous emphysema, Noninvasive, Spontaneous ventilation

Three-dimensional (3D) multiecho balanced steady-state free precession (ME-bSSFP) has previously been demonstrated in preclinical hyperpolarized (HP)To validate a signal simulation framework for the use of sequence parameter optimization. To demonstrate the feasibility of ME-bSSFP for HPRetrospective single-center cohort study.Phantoms containing aqueous solutions of [1-The primary endpoint was the analysis of pyruvate-to-lactate conversion in PCa and healthy prostate regions of interest (ROIs) using model-free area under the curve (AUC) ratios and a one-directional kinetic model (kPearson correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals and paired t-tests. The level of statistical significance was set at P 0.05.Strong correlations between simulated and empirical ME-bSSFP signals were found (r 0.96). Therefore, the simulation framework was used for sequence optimization. Whole prostate metabolic HPMetabolic HP2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.

A series of 4(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-yl)-6-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine derivatives (5a-h) were synthesized from 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-styrylfuran (3a-h) with guanidine nitrate in absolute ethanol under conventional method and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer, antimicrobial activities and in silico studies. The chemical structure of the furan moiety containing substituted amino pyrimidine derivatives (5a-h) were elucidated from spectroscopic analysis like infrared, 1H & 13C NMR spectral data and CHN analysis. in silico docking studies were predicted for the synthesized compounds (5a-h) using bacterial protein 1UAG and in silico ADME predictions were also carried for the synthesized compounds (5a-h). The in vitro anticancer study was carried the compound 5b by MMT assay. Compound 5b shows the LC50 value of 120.15 ± 0.003 μg/mL. in vitro Antimicrobial activities were screened for the compounds (5a-h) using different strains. Compound 5h has electron withdrawing group in benzene ring substituted in the para position showed good antimicrobial activity against all the bacterial strains and fungal strains. in silico studies, compound 5h shows excellent docking score (-9.7 kcal/mol) compared with ciprofloxacin (-7.8 kcal/mol).

Objective To develop a phantom system which can be integrated with an automated injection system, eliminating the experimental variability that arises with manual injection; for the purposes of pulse sequence testing and metric derivation in hyperpolarised 13C-MR. Methods The custom dynamic phantom was machined from Ultem and filled with a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and lactate dehydrogenase mixture dissolved in phosphate buffered saline. Hyperpolarised [1-13C]-pyruvate was then injected into the phantom (n = 8) via an automated syringe pump and the conversion of pyruvate to lactate monitored through a 13C imaging sequence. Results The phantom showed low coefficient of variation for the lactate to pyruvate peak signal heights (11.6%) and dynamic area-under curve ratios (11.0%). The variance for the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme rate constant (kP) was also seen to be low at 15.6%. Conclusion The dynamic phantom demonstrates high reproducibility for quantification of 13C-hyperpolarised MR-derived metrics. Establishing such a phantom is needed to facilitate development of hyperpolarsed 13C-MR pulse sequenced; and moreover, to enable multisite hyperpolarised 13C-MR clinical trials where assessment of metric variability across sites is critical. Advances in knowledge The dynamic phantom developed during the course of this study will be a useful tool in testing new pulse sequences and standardisation in future hyperpolarised work.

A series of 1-(5-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-yl)-4,5-dihyropyrazol-1-yl ethanone (5a-h) was synthesized through E-(3-(5-(4-chloro-phenyl)furan-2-yl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (3a-h) with hydrazine monohydrate and sodium acetate. Totally, eight compounds were synthesized and their structures were elucidated by infrared, 1H & 13C NMR, elemental analysis, antimicrobial studies, in silico molecular docking studies and also in silico ADME prediction. Antimicrobial studies of the synthesized compounds showed good to moderate activity against the all the stains compared with standard drugs. in silico Molecular docking study was carried out using bacterial protein and BC protein. Synthesized compounds (5a-h) showed good docking score compared with ciprofloxacin. Antimicrobial study was carried out for 4-chlorophenyl furfuran pyrazole derivatives (5a-h). The results of assessment of toxicities, drug likeness and drug score profiles of compounds (5a-j) are promising

Cognitive radio (CR) transceiver that can offer adequate data rate and multiuser support for future wireless networks is a promising technology for reliable and spectrum-efficient mobile communication. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and scalar wavelet based schemes have been proposed as physical layer techniques for CR. This paper proposes multiwavelet packet-based multicarrier multiple-access scheme as an equally promising candidate for multi-user CR networks and using existing orthonormal multiwavelets, the performance of the proposed system is evaluated. It is shown that the error performance of the proposed system under frequency and phase offset conditions is comparable with existing schemes.

A multi-user Cognitive Radio (CR) network re- solves the problem of spectrum under utilization and enables the deployment of new wireless applications in the fast growing wireless communication area. The unique feature of CR is its ability to use the vacant band while insuring minimum interference to adjacent users. So modulation and multiple access schemes insuring minimum interference are required for CR transmission. Multiwavelets are rarely considered in the field of wireless communication. They are orthogonal and symmetric waveforms with short support and can insure lower multiple access interference in a multi- user environment. Hence a multi-user CR network using B- spline multiwavelets of different orders is considered in this paper for evaluating the performance characteristics. The cross correlation and multi-user interference are derived and its effect on error performance of linear, quadratic and cubic wavelets are analyzed. Simulation results prove that the number of users within a network can be increased by using spline wavelets of different orders without compromising on error performance.

Cognitive Radio (CR) transceiver that can offer adequate data rate and multi-user support for future wireless networks is a promising technology for reliable and spectrum efficient mobile communication. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and scalar wavelet based schemes have been proposed as physical layer techniques for CR. This paper proposes multiwavelet packet based multi carrier multiple access scheme as an equally promising candidate for multi-user CR networks and using existing orthonormal multiwavelets, the performance of the proposed system is evaluated in terms of bit error ate and computational complexity.

The current research focused on the issues related to human-bird conflicts and subsequent alternatives adopted by the migratory birds at Uppalapadu Lake (India). The study collates the information from field observations and literature surveys and draws conclusions based on the observation data. The study highlights the ways the local community, Forest Department, activist groups and other organizations participate in protecting the birds from harm. It also focuses on some of the management initiatives taken by the Forest Department that are helping the birds during their breeding periods. Overall, the research identifies the ecological importance of the lake with respect to birds and stresses the need for its protection and further expansion.

Cognitive radio (CR) resolves the problem of spectrum scarcity in the fast growing wireless communication scenario. A multi user CR network using orthogonal compact support multiwavelts is proposed in this work. Multiwavelets are never considered in the field of wireless communication so far. Linear B spline multi wavelets are generated and simulated the performance characteristics. A generalization of the multiwavelet concept combining with wavelet packets is briefly explained.

The main application of Cognitive Radio (CR) is for the broadband wireless access in the rural areas which demand adequate data rate and multi user support. IEEE 802.22 , the first standard evolved for CR suggests Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) as the physical layer technique. In this paper wavelet packet based multi carrier multiple access scheme is proposed which can be an equally promising candidate for high data rate multi user CR applications. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using standard wavelet bases and is compared with OFDMA.