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Indian financial sector has seen a dramatic change in recent years, with digital finance unlocking new possibilities for financial inclusion. This paper investigates the factors influencing the continuous usage intention and advocacy intention, regarding digital finance, in the Indian economy. Utilizing the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model, the study examines how ease of use, credibility and ubiquity (stimulus) could influence user trust, satisfaction, and engagement (organism), ultimately affecting their intention to use and recommend the service (response) continuously. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to select the study sample. Based on the results, features of digital financial platforms such as ease of use, credibility and ubiquity, were found to have a significant impact on user trust, satisfaction, and engagement. These factors partially mediate the stimulus and response variables. The research findings provide Digital Financial Service Providers (DFSPs) with practical guidance on creating and implementing user-centric platforms that create engagement and trust. User experience should be prioritized and making sure that platform should be accessible, easy to use and compatible with a variety of devices.

Genetic divergence is an efficient tool for the selection of parents used in hybridization programme. In the present study,fifty three rice genotypes consisting of high yielding rice varieties/ cultures and IRRI germplasm lines were raised at RiceResearch Station, Tirur during Sornavari, 2009 to identify diverse genotypes. They were evaluated for eight yield and yieldattributing characters using D2 analysis, to study the diversity pattern among the genotypes. Based on the analysis, thegenotypes were grouped into 11 clusters. Maximum number of 16 and 15 genotypes were grouped under cluster XI and Irespectively, while clusters II, IV, V, VI, VIII, IX and X had only two genotypes each and clusters III and VII consisting of3 and 5 genotypes respectively. Maximum inter cluster D2 value was observed between cluster I and X (32.96) followed bycluster I and IV (32.90). The greater the distance between the two clusters indicates wider the genetic diversity betweengenotypes. Hence, the genotypes in cluster I viz., ADT 39, ADT 43, ADT (R) 45. ASD 16, ASD 18 ASD 20, BL 17, BL 18,BL 24 CB 64110, JGL 17198, JGL 17204, JGL 17196, JGL 17187 and IR 36 had wider diversity with varieties TKM 11,TKM (R) 12 in cluster X and with IRRI germplasm lines IR 81396-B-B-164-4, IR 79913-B--362-B-3 in cluster IV and theselines may be utilized in further breeding programme for the exploitation of hybrid vigour. The intra cluster distance wasmaximum in cluster VII (24.62) followed by cluster XI (22.15) indicates hybridization involving genotypes within the sameclusters may result in good cross combinations. Among the eight traits studied, maximum contribution was made by grainyield (50.87%) followed by days to 50 per cent flowering (15.02%), total grains per panicle (10.52%) and plant height(10.23%). Hence, grain yield, days to 50% flowering, total grains per panicle and plant height together contribute 86.62%towards total divergence. Therefore, these characters may be given importance during hybridization programme.

Abstract In this paper, the new subclass $$\mathcal {S}^n_{b,\lambda ,\delta ,p} ({\alpha })$$ S b , λ , δ , p n ( α ) of a linear differential operator’s $$\mathcal {N}_{\lambda ,\delta ,p}^{n}f(\zeta )$$ N λ , δ , p n f ( ζ ) associated with multivalent analytical function has been introduced. Further, the coefficient inequalities, extreme points for the extremal function, sharpness of the growth and distortion bounds, partial sums, starlikeness, and convexity of the subclass is investigated.

This study undertakes a bibliometric examination of the literature on supply chain sustainability (SCS). The analysis includes exploring co-authorship, examining keyword co-occurrences, conducting citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, co-citation analysis for performance evaluation, and employing science mapping techniques. The paper thus explores the significant facets of the literature on SCS. We studied the literature on SCS management from 1996 to 2024 and extracted 6898 articles retrieved from the Scopus database. In the preliminary phase, the investigation employs the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) flow methodology alongside a designated search strategy. Secondly, it employs Biblioshiny, an RStudio package, and VOSviewer. The study finds that the SCS field has evolved with a major focus on collaboration, innovation, and sustainability. Furthermore, the findings indicate that China, the USA, the UK, and India lead in research contributions, emphasizing the importance of international collaboration. Additionally, the findings signpost that technology such as blockchain enhances sustainability efforts. Social sustainability also gains recognition alongside environmental concerns. These findings can inform researchers, highlighting the need for international cooperation, technology integration, and emphasis on social sustainability in advancing the management of supply chains. This study makes novel contributions by providing global coverage of publications, adopting an inclusive approach encompassing case studies and empirical research articles, addressing social desirability bias by reporting positive as well as negative aspects of sustainability in supply chain practices, and identifying alternative areas for future research within the discipline.

Energy is the most important factor for our daily lives, but traditional energy sources like coal, petroleum and gas were polluting the environment. To address this issue, people are considering energy-efficient technologies, which consume less energy and eco-friendly in nature. This paper investigates the factors influencing the intention to purchase of energy-efficient appliances in India. Utilizing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study examines how perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, functional value, perceived cost, environmental concern affects their intention to purchase. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was applied. Based on the results, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, functional value, perceived cost, environmental concern positively influences the intention to purchase energy-efficient appliances. The eco-friendly purchasing behaviour has significant societal implications, including reduced carbon emissions, conservation of natural resources and environmental sustainability.

Cryptocurrency is rapidly emerging as a prominent player in the global financial system, characterized by its decentralized nature and the absence of centralized government oversight. However, this autonomy raises significant environmental concerns primarily stemming from the energy-intensive mining process. Crypto mining, central to the creation of new coins and transaction validation, results in substantial carbon emissions and energy consumption. This study employs bibliometric analysis using RStudio to scrutinize the data sourced from the Scopus database. Data selection adhered to specific inclusion criteria, focusing on research articles and documents in the English language. Exclusion criteria targeted the elimination of review papers, conference reviews, short surveys, notes, and articles in languages other than English. China emerges as the foremost contributor with a frequency of 348 and a total citation count of 1259, followed by the USA with 594 citations. Notably, the keywords ''blockchain'' and ''bitcoin'' surface most frequently, occurring 293 and 148 times, respectively. The study posits that China's decision to ban cryptocurrency due to economic concerns has likely contributed to heightened global awareness of cryptocurrencies. In contrast, the USA has actively embraced cryptocurrencies, fostering their widespread circulation. Consequently, these two countries have emerged as leading contributors to energy consumption in the cryptocurrency sector. Blockchain, originally a broad concept, has found applications in diverse domains such as marketing, finance, healthcare, supply chain, and the Internet of Things (IoT). This widespread adoption has expanded the scope of energy consumption considerations from cryptocurrencies to encompass blockchain technology as a whole. Future research should focus on mining regulation, alternative mechanisms, renewable energy sources, technological advancements, and carbon offsetting solutions. The article also addresses its limitations and the future scope of the study in detail.

The concept of complex fuzzy sets, where the unit disk of the complex plane acts as the codomain of the membership function, as an extension of fuzzy sets. The objective of this article is to use complex fuzzy sets in BCK/BCI-algebras. We present the concept of a complex fuzzy subalgebra in a BCK/BCI-algebra and explore their properties. Furthermore, we discuss the modal and level operators of these complex fuzzy subalgebras, highlighting their importance in BCK/BCI-algebras. We study various operations, and the laws of a complex fuzzy system, including union, intersection, complement, simple differences, and bounded differences of complex fuzzy ideals within BCK/BCI-algebras. Finally, we generate a computer programming algorithm that implements our complex fuzzy subalgebras/ideals in BCK/BCI-algebras procedure for ease of lengthy calculations.

The present study proposes to investigate the influence of the covid-19, on the adjusted closing price of the digital currency based on energy consumption during the process of mining. The study employed the secondary data analysis of top ten market capitalization of cryptocurrencies with the combination of high energy consume mechanism (proof of work) and low energy consume mechanism (proof of stake). Statistical tools like Descriptive analysis,Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, ARCH, and GARCH models were used in the study. The present study finds that the prices of cryptocurrencies were highly volatile. This study could assist investors towards better understanding of the dynamics of the cryptocurrency market based on energy consumption which helps them to make more effective decisions, on investing cryptocurrencies with a scientific approach.

In this paper, we merge the concepts of soft set theory and a bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy set. A bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideal in a BCK-algebra is defined as a soft set over the set of elements in the BCK-algebra, with each element associated with an intuitionistic fuzzy set. This relationship captures degrees of uncertainty, hesitancy, and non-membership degrees within the context of BCK-algebras. We investigate basic operations on bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideals such as union, intersection, AND, and OR. The intersection, union, AND, and OR of two bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideals is a bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideal. We also demonstrate how to use a bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft set to solve a problem involving decision making. Finally, we provide a general approach for handling decision-making problems using a bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft set.

The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of volatility among the Energy Indices of Asia Pacific Stock Markets. To test the volatility among the daily returns of Energy Indices of Asia Pacific Stock Markets, the study selected five sample Asian Pacific stock markets’ Energy Indices on the basis of availability of data. The findings of descriptive statistics and the ADF Test revealed, that the daily returns of the sample energy indices of Asian Pacific stock markets were not normally distributed and achieved stationarity at level difference, over the research period. Hence the data may be used for additional analysis. The data were then analysed, by using the GARCH (1,1) model to assess the considerable volatility of daily returns of sample energy indices and the study, which revealed that during the study period, all of the sample energy indices were volatile.

The purpose of this research was to examine the dynamics of volatility spillover between energy and environmental, social, and sustainable indices. COVID19 prompted the research to select April 2019 to March 2022 as a sample period, and the respective data (Daily Prices) of the Nifty Energy and Nifty ESG indices were obtained from the National Stock Exchange of India Limited. The outcomes of the study confirmed that the daily returns of Nifty Energy and Nifty 100 ESG indices were not normally distributed and reached stationarity at level difference. Further, the study employed GARCH Models such as ARCH, GARCH (1,1), and GARCH-M to determine conditional volatility, and it validated the ARCH influence on the daily returns of the Nifty Energy and Nifty 100 ESG, during the study period

The research intends to assess the efficiency of NSE Energy Index-listed firms throughout the COVID-19 before and post pandemic phases, which run from 2019 to 2021. The primary goal of this article was to examine the price movement of corporations in the petroleum, gas, and electricity sectors by employing statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, ADF, and the GARCH (1,1) model, during the period of study. When comparing the post-COVID-19 pandemic era to the pre-COVID-19 pandemic period, certain firms experienced excessive volatility. The energy market's investor sentiment was significantly higher on the tail events, suggesting that anxious investors raced to put options and paid an exorbitant premium to shield them against unprecedented danger in the energy market.

The main purpose of the present paper is to introduced the notions of (∈´,∈´∨q´)-UIFSSAs in subtraction BG-algebras. We provide different characterizations and some equivalent conditions of (∈´,∈´∨q´)-UIFSSAs in terms of the level subsets of subtraction BG-algebras. It has been revealed that the (q´,q´)-UIFSSA are (∈´,∈´)-UIFSSA but the converse does not hold and an example is provided. We introduced (∈´,∈´∨q´)-UIFSIDs and its some usual properties. In addition, h−1(N˜[ς]) is (∈´,∈´∨q´)-UIFSID. Moreover, if h−1(N˜[ς]) are an (∈´,∈´∨q´)-UIFSID, then N˜[ς] are an (∈´,∈´∨q´)-UIFSID. Finally, we characterize (∈´,∈´∨q´kˇ)-UIFSHID which is a generalization of (∈´,∈´∨q´)-UIFSHID.

The article discusses the chemical polymerization of pyrrole with Iron (III) Chloride oxidants and p-Toluenesulfonic acid dopants on the fiber of a natural fruit Palmyra to explore the use of these fibers in other applications.

The goal of this study is to look into how changes in crude oil prices affect GDP per capita and exchange rate fluctuations.to investigate the influence of crude oil price shocks on GDP per capita and exchange rate movements. This research employed yearly time series data for the price of crude oil, exchange rate (USD/INR), and GDP per capita, from 1990 to 2020. Arithmetical tools such as Descriptive, Unit Root, Granger Causality Test, and OLS Model were applied. The present study discovered a strong bi-directional Granger causality effect of Dubai crude oil prices on exchange rates, as well as a bi-directional Granger influence of exchange rates on WTI crude oil prices. The diagnostic tests were successfully passed by the estimated models. According to the OLS model, the exchange rate was driven only by the price of Dubai crude oil, although the price of WTI crude oil influenced both the GDP per capita and the exchange rate over the research period. The key policy recommendation derived from this analysis is that the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) must depreciate the rupee, first to restore much-needed exchange rate stability, then to stimulate domestic manufacturers, and finally, to attract foreign capital inflows.

In this paper, we acquaint new kinds of ideals of BCK-algebras built on tripolar picture fuzzy structures. In fact, the notions of tripolar picture fuzzy ideal, tripolar picture fuzzy implicative ideal (commutative ideal) of BCK-algebra are introduced, and related properties are studied. Also, a relation among tripolar picture fuzzy ideal, and tripolar picture fuzzy implicative ideal is well-known. Furthermore, it is shown that a tripolar picture fuzzy implicative ideal of BCK-algebra may be a tripolar picture fuzzy ideal, but the converse is not correct in common. Further, it is obtained that in an implicative BCK-algebra, the converse of aforementioned statement is true. Finally, the opinion of tripolar picture fuzzy commutative ideal is given, and some useful properties are explored. Many examples are constructed to sport our study.

Tumors develop in an oxidative environment characterized by peroxynitrite production and downstream protein tyrosine (Y) nitration. We showed that tyrosine nitration supports schwannoma cell proliferation and regulates cell metabolism in the inheritable tumor disorder NF2-related Schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN). Here, we identified the chaperone Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) as the first nitrated protein that acts as a metabolic switch to promote schwannoma cell proliferation. Doubling the endogenous levels of nitrated Hsp90 in schwannoma cells or supplementing nitrated Hsp90 into normal Schwann cells increased their proliferation. Metabolically, nitration on either Y33 or Y56 conferred Hsp90 distinct functions; nitration at Y33 (Hsp90 NY33 ) down-regulated mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, while nitration at Y56 (Hsp90 NY56 ) increased glycolysis by activating the purinergic receptor P2X7 in both schwannoma and normal Schwann cells. Hsp90 NY33 and Hsp90 NY56 showed differential subcellular and spatial distribution corresponding with their metabolic and proliferative functions in schwannoma three-dimensional cell culture models. Collectively, these results underscore the role of tyrosine nitration as a post-translational modification regulating critical cellular processes. Nitrated proteins, particularly nitrated Hsp90, emerge as a novel category of tumor-directed therapeutic targets., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most common skin cancers, and about 5.4 million people are diagnosed each year in the United States. A newly developed T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) inhibitor, HI-TOPK-032, is effective in suppressing colon cancer cell growth, inducing the apoptosis of colon cancer cells and ultraviolet (UV) light-induced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties, permeation behavior, and cytotoxicity potential of HI-TOPK-032 prior to the development of a suitable topical formulation for targeted skin drug delivery. Techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), hot-stage microscopy (HSM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Karl Fisher (KF) coulometric titration, Raman spectrometry, confocal Raman microscopy (CRM), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and Fourier transform infrared microscopy were used to characterize HI-TOPK-032. The dose effect of HI-TOPK-032 on in vitro cell viability was evaluated using a 2D cell culture of the human skin keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) at the air-liquid interface as a function of dose and time was measured on the HaCAT human skin cell line. The membrane permeation behavior of HI-TOPK-032 was tested using the Strat-M ® synthetic biomimetic membrane with an in vitro Franz cell diffusion system. The physicochemical evaluation results confirmed the amorphous nature of the drug and the homogeneity of the sample with all characteristic chemical peaks. The in vitro cell viability assay results confirmed 100% cell viability up to 10 µM of HI-TOPK-032. Further, a rapid, specific, precise, and validated reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the quantitative estimation of HI-TOPK-032 was developed. This is the first systematic and comprehensive characterization of HI-TOPK-032 and a report of these findings.

Anthropogenic activities have steadily increased the release of emerging contaminants (ECs) in aquatic bodies, and these ECs may have adverse effects on humans even at their trace (μg L -1 ) levels. Their occurrence in wastewater systems is more common, and the current wastewater treatment facilities are inefficient in eliminating many of such persistent ECs. "Gold standard" techniques such as chromatography, mass spectrometry, and other high-resolution mass spectrometers are used for the quantification of ECs of various kinds, but they all have significant limitations. This paper reviews the alternative methods for EC detection, which include voltammetry, potentiometry, amperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) based electrochemical methods, colorimetry, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), fluorescence probes, and fluorescence spectroscopy-based optical techniques. These alternative techniques have several advantages over conventional techniques, including low sample volume, excludes solid phase extraction procedure, high sensitivity, selectivity, portability, reproducibility, rapidity, low cost, and the ability to monitor ECs in real time. This review summarises each of the alternative methods for detecting ECs in water samples and their respective limits of detection (LODs). The sensitivity of each technique varied depending on the type of EC measured, type of electrochemical probe and electrode, substrates, type of nanoparticle (NP), the physicochemical parameters of water samples tested, and more. Nevertheless, this paper also focuses on some of the current challenges encountered by these alternative methods in monitoring ECs.

This prospective cohort study confirms that patients with dysfunctional breathing experience dyspnoea and an abnormal breathing pattern when faced with undertaking everyday exercise challenges, such as climbing stairs https://bit.ly/3OEWwPM., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: J.H. Hull is an associate editor of this journal. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright ©The authors 2022.)

Abstract: Nociceptive and pruriceptive neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) convey sensations of pain and itch to the spinal cord, respectively. One subtype of mature DRG neurons, comprising 6% to 8% of neurons in the ganglia, is responsible for sensing mediators of acute itch and atopic dermatitis, including the cytokine IL-31. How itch-sensitive (pruriceptive) neurons are specified is unclear. Here, we show that transmembrane protein 184B (TMEM184B), a protein with roles in axon degeneration and nerve terminal maintenance, is required for the expression of a large cohort of itch receptors, including those for interleukin 31 (IL-31), leukotriene C4, and histamine. Male and female mice lacking TMEM184B show reduced responses to IL-31 but maintain normal responses to pain and mechanical force, indicating a specific behavioral defect in IL-31-induced pruriception. Calcium imaging experiments indicate that a reduction in IL-31-induced calcium entry is a likely contributor to this phenotype. We identified an early failure of proper Wnt-dependent transcriptional signatures and signaling components in Tmem184b mutant mice that may explain the improper DRG neuronal subtype specification. Accordingly, lentiviral re-expression of TMEM184B in mutant embryonic neurons restores Wnt signatures. Together, these data demonstrate that TMEM184B promotes adult somatosensation through developmental Wnt signaling and promotion of proper pruriceptive gene expression. Our data illuminate a new key regulatory step in the processes controlling the establishment of diversity in the somatosensory system., (Copyright © 2021 International Association for the Study of Pain.)

Introduction . Pseudomonas aeruginosa is now considered as a major bacterial pathogen associated with hospital infections. Frequently, multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) P. aeruginosa are being encountered. Unusual increase in the P. aeruginosa infections led to the suspicion of outbreaks in the urology ward and cardiothoracic and vascular surgery intensive care unit (CTVS-ICU). Hypothesis. We hypothesize that the localized outbreaks may have originated from environmental sources within the hospital premises. An alternative possibility is the transmission from a previously infected patient or hospital attendant. Understanding the drug-resistance profile and genome characteristics of these clinical samples would determine the likely source of infection and spread. Aim. To perform epidemiological and molecular investigations on the suspected outbreaks of P. aeruginosa in the study centre and identify potential sources of infection. Methodology. Fourteen drug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from patients of the urology ward, CTVS-ICU and tap waters collected during the suspected outbreaks were subjected to microbiological and genomic analysis. Comparative genome (CG) analysis of these 14 study genomes with 284 complete P. aeruginosa genomes was performed. Results. Multilocus sequence typing analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to five different sequence types (ST235, ST357, ST639, ST654 and ST1203) and clustered into three distinct groups while two CTVS-ICU isolates remained as singletons. Genome analysis distinguished that the outbreaks in the urology ward and CTVS-ICU are independent, epidemiologically unrelated to each other and with the tap-water isolates. Conclusion. This study highlights the presence of distinct, clonally unrelated, drug-resistant P. aeruginosa within a hospital setting. The genome analysis of the two localized outbreaks revealed their distinct genetic background and phylogenetically unrelated origin. Vigilant screening and effective implementation of infection control measures led to the successful containment of potential environmental reservoirs of P. aeruginosa within the premises.

Introduction: Participating in singing is considered to have a range of social and psychological benefits. However, the physiological demands of singing and its intensity as a physical activity are not well understood., Methods: We compared cardiorespiratory parameters while completing components of Singing for Lung Health sessions, with treadmill walking at differing speeds (2, 4 and 6 km/hour)., Results: Eight healthy adults were included, none of whom reported regular participation in formal singing activities. Singing induced acute physiological responses that were consistent with moderate intensity activity (metabolic equivalents: median 4.12, IQR 2.72-4.78), with oxygen consumption, heart rate and volume per breath above those seen walking at 4 km/hour. Minute ventilation was higher during singing (median 22.42 L/min, IQR 16.83-30.54) than at rest (11 L/min, 9-13), lower than 6 km/hour walking (30.35 L/min, 26.94-41.11), but not statistically different from 2 km/hour (18.77 L/min, 16.89-21.35) or 4 km/hour (23.27 L/min, 20.09-26.37) walking., Conclusions: Our findings suggest the acute metabolic demands of singing are comparable with walking at a moderately brisk pace, hence, physical effects may contribute to the health and well-being benefits attributed to singing participation. However, if physical training benefits result remains uncertain. Further research including different singing styles, singers and physical performance impacts when used as a training modality is encouraged., Trial Registration Number: ClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT04121351)., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)