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Objectives: The genus Glochidion (the family Phyllanthaceae) is used for various medicinal purposes, such as dysentery, diarrhea, cough, and skin protection. A review of phytochemical and pharmacological aspects for this remains unavailable. The current study tends to sum up a detailed list of phytochemicals, and their role in biological examinations. Methods: References in English were obtained by an extensive search across various electronic data sources, encompassing Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The "Sci-Finder" was also utilized to find references and revise chemical structures. Referenced documents have been gathered from the 1960s to date. It also noted that Glochidion, phytochemistry, and pharmacology are likely the keywords to seek for references. Results: Over 240 naturally occurring phytochemicals were isolated and identified from various Glochidion tissues, including terpenoids, sterols, saponins, lignans, flavonoids, mono -phenols, megastigmanes, butenolides, glycosides, alkaloids, cyanogens, tocopherols, fatty acids, and others. Three naturally occurring triterpenoids glochidonol, glochidiol, and glochidone are the likely characteristic metabolites, being isolated frequently. Glochidion crude extracts and their isolated compounds have been demonstrated as potential agents in various pharmacological targets, such as cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antiinflammation, and neuron and liver protection. Conclusion: Several isolates acted as promising agents in pharmacological assays. The anticancer mechanisms of various triterpenoids and saponins, especially new and potential compounds, are expected. Pharmacological advancements to enhance the efficacies of Glochidion constituents, such as synergistic combinations and nano-drug formulations, are encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the title compound, C17H21NO4S, the 1,4-dihydropyridine ring has an envelope conformation with the Csp3 atom at the flap. The thiophene ring is nearly perpendicular to the best plane through the 1,4-dihydropyridine ring, the dihedral angle being 82.19 (13)°. In the crystal, chains running along the b-axis direction are formed through N—H...O interactions between the 1,4-dihydropyridine N atom and one of the O atoms of the ester groups. Neighbouring chains are linked by C—H...O and C—H...π interactions. A Hirshfeld surface analysis shows that the most prominent contributuion to the surface contacts are H...H contacts (55.1%).

The synthesis, spectroscopic data, crystal and molecular structures of two N′-(1-phenylbenzylidene)-2-(thiophen-3-yl)acetohydrazides, namely N′-[1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)benzylidene]-2-(thiophen-3-yl)acetohydrazide, C13H10N2O2S, (3a), and N′-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzylidene]-2-(thiophen-3-yl)acetohydrazide, C14H14N2O2S, (3b), are described. Both compounds differ in the substituent at the para position of the phenyl ring: –OH for (3a) and –OCH3 for (3b). In (3a), the thiophene ring is disordered over two orientations with occupancies of 0.762 (3) and 0.238 (3). The configuration about the C=N bond is E. The thiophene and phenyl rings are inclined by 84.0 (3) and 87.0 (9)° for the major- and minor-occupancy disorder components in (3a), and by 85.89 (12)° in (3b). Although these dihedral angles are similar, the conformation of the linker between the two rings is different [the C—C—C—N torsion angle is −ac for (3a) and −sc for (3b), while the C6—C7—N9—N10 torsion angle is +ap for (3a) and −sp for (3b)]. A common feature in the crystal packing of (3a) and (3b) is the presence of N—H...O hydrogen bonds, resulting in the formation of chains of molecules running along the b-axis direction in the case of (3a), or inversion dimers for (3b). The most prominent contributions to the surface contacts are those in which H atoms are involved, as confirmed by an analysis of the Hirshfeld surface.

In the title compound, C15H14IN3O2·CH3OH, two aromatic rings are linked by an N-substituted hydrazide function. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 10.53 (8)°. The stereochemistry about the imine function is E. The methanol molecule forms an O—H...O hydrogen bond to the hydrazide O atom. In the crystal, chains of molecules running along the c-axis direction are formed by O—H...O hydrogen bonds. Adjacent chains are linked through N—H...O hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions. The intermolecular interactions in the crystal packing were investigated using Hirshfeld surface analysis, which indicated that the most significant contacts are H...H (38.2%), followed by C...H/H...C (20.6%), O...H/H...O (11.1%) and I...H/H...I (9.7%).

The title compound, C11H7NS2, was prepared in high yield (87%) using a solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis. The structure shows whole-molecule disorder with occupancies for two orientations (A and B) of 0.4884 (10) and 0.5116 (10), respectively. The thiophene and benzothiazole rings are almost planar and make dihedral angles of 10.02 (18) and 12.54 (19)° for orientations A and B, respectively. Slipped π–π stacking between the aromatic rings, together with C—H...π, C—H...S and C—H...N interactions, result in a herringbone motif in the crystal packing.

In the title compound, C15H14IN3O2·CH3OH, two aromatic rings are linked by an N-substituted hydrazide function. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 10.53 (8)°. The stereochemistry about the imine function is E. The methanol molecule forms an O-H...O hydrogen bond to the hydrazide O atom. In the crystal, chains of molecules running along the c-axis direction are formed by O-H...O hydrogen bonds. Adjacent chains are linked through N-H...O hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions. The intermolecular interactions in the crystal packing were investigated using Hirshfeld surface analysis, which indicated that the most significant contacts are H...H (38.2%), followed by C...H/H...C (20.6%), O...H/H...O (11.1%) and I...H/H...I (9.7%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]