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To compare the accuracy of 6 desktop 3D printers in dentistry.A parallelepiped (PP) with known geometry and holes of different diameters was designed and printed with 6 desktop 3D printers (Sheraprint 40®; Solflex 350®; Form 2®; MoonRay D75®; Vida HD®; XFAB 2000®). For each printer, 9 PPs were printed with proprietary materials; these PPs were not cured and underwent dimensional analysis by optical microscopy and precision probing. A file representative of a dentate model (DM) was also printed with the aforementioned printers. For each printer, 3 DMs were printed with the proprietary materials. These DMs were cured and after 1 month, scanned with a desktop scanner and superimposed on the virtual reference model, to investigate trueness.Dimensional analysis by optical microscopy and precision probing highlighted the reliability of the 3D printed models; errors were compatible with clinical use. However, both linear and diameter measurements revealed statistically significant differences between the machines. The trueness of the DMs 1 month after printing was low, suggesting that they underwent dimensional contraction over time, albeit with differences between the printers.The 3D printed models showed acceptable accuracy, although statistically significant differences were found among them.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the implant survival and the implant-crown success of implants with surface treated with organic acids. Materials and methods: A total of 273 implants (Implus®, Leader-Novaxa, Milan, Italy) were inserted in 63 patients, from June 2006 to June 2010, in a single clinical centre. In each annual follow up session, clinical, radiographic and prosthetic parameters were evaluated. The implant-crown success criteria included the absence of pain, suppuration and clinical mobility, a distance between the implant shoulder and the first visible bone contact (DIB)

Nel rileggere, attraverso il lavoro di ridisegno e ricostruzione degli edifici del passato, le produzioni architettoniche relative alle trasformazioni urbane della Palermo Liberty ci si accorge che, molto più della città storica intra-moenia, il volto della città relativo a questo momento della sua storia è oggi irrimediabilmente trasformato e compromesso rispetto a quella che era la sua “vocazione” originaria. È accaduto, in altre parole, un processo di trasformazione urbana molto più repentino e radicale di quelli che hanno interessato la superficie del centro più antico: e, dettaglio non irrilevante, tutto ciò è avvenuto (a differenza delle precedenti mutazioni) senza grandi stravolgimenti dei tracciati viari o dei grandi sistemi urbanistici. Nello studio qui condotto ci si è soffermati su due progetti di S. Caronia Roberti per cinematografi: il Modernissimo (1914) e il Nuovo Excelsior Supercinema (1924), che ben riflettono la storia e la sorte di queste architetture.

Statement of Problem. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) is a technology that allows fabrication of complex-shaped objects from powder-based materials, according to a three-dimensional (3D) computer model. With DMLS, it is possible to fabricate titanium dental implants with an inherently porous surface, a key property required of implantation devices. Objective. The aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence for the reliability of DMLS titanium dental implants and their clinical and histologic/histomorphometric outcomes, as well as their mechanical properties. Materials and Methods. Electronic database searches were performed. Inclusion criteria were clinical and radiographic studies, histologic/histomorphometric studies in humans and animals, mechanical evaluations, and in vitro cell culture studies on DMLS titanium implants. Meta-analysis could be performed only for randomized controlled trials (RCTs); to evaluate the methodological quality of observational human studies, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used. Results. Twenty-seven studies were included in this review. No RCTs were found, and meta-analysis could not be performed. The outcomes of observational human studies were assessed using the NOS: these studies showed medium methodological quality. Conclusions. Several studies have demonstrated the potential for the use of DMLS titanium implants. However, further studies that demonstrate the benefits of DMLS implants over conventional implants are needed.

The aim of this 10-year follow-up study was to evaluate the implant survival and complication rates of fixed restorations supported by locking-taper implants.Over a 10-year period (January 2002 to December 2011) all patients referred to a single private practice for treatment with fixed restorations (single crowns, SCs; fixed partial prostheses, FPPs; fixed full arches, FFAs) supported by dental implants were considered for inclusion in the study. At each annual follow-up session, clinical, radiographic, and prosthetic parameters were assessed. The surviving implant-supported restorations were defined as "complication free" in the absence of any biological or prosthetic (mechanical or technical) complication. The cumulative implant survival and the "complication-free" survival of fixed implant-supported restorations were identified using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Log-rank test was used to identify correlations between the study variables.In total, 1494 locking-taper implants (727 maxilla, 767 mandible) were placed in 642 patients (356 males, 286 females). Nineteen implants (12 maxilla, 7 mandible) failed. Implant failures were attributed to lack of osseointegration (14 implants), peri-implantitis (4 implants), and mechanical overloading (1 implant). An overall 10-year cumulative implant survival rate of 98.7% (98.3% maxilla, 99.1% mandible) was found. The implant survival rates did not significantly differ with respect to implant location, position, bone type, implant length and diameter, and type of restorations. Among the surviving implant-supported restorations (478 SC, 242 FPP, 19 FFA), a few biological (11/739: 1.4%) and prosthetic (27/739: 3.6%) complications were reported. The incidence of mechanical complications was low (3/739: 0.4%), with three loosened abutments in three SCs (3/478: 0.6%), and no abutment fractures; technical complications were more frequent (24/739: 3.2%), with an incidence of decementation of 2.0% (SC 2.0%, FPP 1.6%, FFA 5.2%) and ceramic/veneer chipping/fracture of 1.2% (SC 0.0%, FPP 2.8%, FFA 10.5%). A 10-year cumulative "complication-free" survival of restorations of 88.6% (SC 91.7%, FPP 83.1%, FFA 73.8%) was reported. The complication rates differ significantly with respect to the type of restoration (p0.05).Fixed restorations on locking-taper implants seem to be a successful procedure for the rehabilitation of partially and completely edentulous arches.

Purpose The maxillary sinus lift is recognized and stable, and there have been different innovations to optimize the technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the maxillary sinus lift technique with the use of a blood clot and without the use of a bone graft. Materials and Methods Ten patients were recruited for a unilateral sinus lift; patients without sinus pathology or other contraindication were selected. The maxillary sinus was accessed conventionally under local anesthesia followed by an osteotomy and a 1-cm 2 bony window access. The sinus membrane was detached and the window was repositioned above and stabilized with a 12- or 14-mm osteosynthesis screw introduced through the alveolar ridge. Dental implants were installed in the second surgical stage. Standardized panoramic radiographic checks were performed at every stage. Results Seven completely edentulous patients and 3 partially dentate patients were treated surgically. From the first to the second surgery, a bone gain of 2.37 mm was obtained, although loss of bone height was observed in 1 completely edentulous patient. In 7 patients, it was not possible to install the implants owing to insufficient bone height or inadequate bone quality. Conclusion The protocol used in this investigation failed in the bone increase required for implant installation.

In contrast to the excellent long-term outcomes described for implant-supported mandibular overdentures, less favorable long-term survival and success rates have been reported for maxillary implants supporting overdentures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of "planned" bar-retained maxillary and mandibular overdentures supported by Morse taper connection implants, investigating implant survival, peri-implant tissue health, marginal bone resorption and prosthetic complications.Over a 2-year period, 60 patients were enrolled in this study, in four different clinical centers. The overdentures (maxilla 38, mandible 34) were planned with support from four implants anchored on a bar. A total of 288 Morse taper connection implants (Leone Implant System(®)) were inserted (152 maxilla, 136 mandible). Implants were evaluated 5 years after insertion. Success criteria included the absence of pain, suppuration or clinical mobility, the distance between implant shoulder and first crestal bone-implant contact (DIB)2 mm and no exudate history.The overall 5-year implant survival rate was 98% (maxilla 97.4%, mandible 98.6%), with 282 implants still in function. Among these surviving implants, 278 (98.6%) were classified in the success group. At the 5-year examination, the mean DIB was 0.7 mm (±0.53). Few prosthetic complications were reported.With "planned" bar-retained maxillary and mandibular overdentures supported by Morse taper connection implants, satisfactory survival and success rate can be achieved.

This prospective clinical study evaluated the survival rate and the implant-crown success of 314 Morse taper connection implants, used for single-tooth replacement, after 1 year of functional loading.Over a 4-year period (January 2003 to January 2007), 314 implants (168 maxilla, 146 mandible) were inserted in 302 patients (128 males, 174 females, aged between 23 to 79 years) in six different clinical centres. The sites included anterior (n = 118) and posterior (n = 196) teeth. To evaluate implant-crown success, the following clinical, prosthetic and radiographic parameters were assessed: modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mBI), probing depth (PD), distance from the implant crown margin to the coronal border of the peri-implant mucosa (DIM), width of keratinised mucosa (KM), prosthesis function, and the distance between the implant shoulder and first crestal bone-implant contact (DIB). Success criteria included: absence of suppuration and mobility, PD5.0 mm, absence of prosthetic complications, absence of continuous peri-implant radiolucency, and DIB1.5mm after 1-year of functional loading. Prosthetic restorations were all-ceramic (n=116) and metal-ceramic (n=198) crowns.The implant survival rate was 98.4% (5 implant losses, 1 drop-out). A few prosthetic complications (0.6% implant-abutment loosening) were reported. The mean DIB was 0.887 + or - 0.308mm. Among the survived implants (308), four did not fulfill the success criteria, giving an implant-crown success of 98.7%.The use of Morse taper connection implants represents a successful procedure for single-tooth replacement, in the anterior and posterior areas of both arches. The high mechanical stability amy reduce prosthetic complications.