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Purpose Why would a hospitality or tourism enterprise’s talent program backfire to demotivate interns from engaging in their jobs? This study aim to synthesize theoretical strands from the self-determination theory, person–environment fit theory and conservation of resources theory to investigate the predictors of perceived person–job fit and how such a fit causes changes in interns’ job motivation over time. Design/methodology/approach A four-wave longitudinal study was conducted. The four waves of data obtained from over 251 interns in China were analyzed using latent growth curve modeling. Findings The findings demonstrate that abusive co-worker treatment moderated the impact of perceived negative social status and perceived overqualification on perceived person–job fit. Moreover, perceived person–job fit is a significant predictor of the initial level of job motivation and flattens the decrease in job motivation over time. These findings demonstrate that interns’ job motivation generally decreased over time, and perceived person–job fit may help dampen the change trajectory of job motivation. Practical implications This study contributes to the practice of education and organizations in hospitality and tourism management by advocating for better interventions to improve interns’ work experience and motivations. Also, organizations can create team-building opportunities and promote teamwork that contributes to the formation of cohesive relationships and improve personal bonding. Originality/value This longitudinal inquiry conducted in China underscores the perils of hospitality/tourism internship by synthesizing a framework based on the theoretical strands germane to person–environment fit, resource conservation and self-determination. It uncovers the dark side of internship – not only due to mismanaged internship experience, but also because it could backfire to create a demotivational spiral that may ultimately drive potential talents away from hospitality/tourism organizations and industry.

Purpose This study, guided by the feelings-as-information theory, aims to explore the effect of recovery experience of wellness tourism (REWT) on place attachment, alongside an examination into the mediating role of self-perceived health and the moderating role of health goal salience. The research site was traced for two years to monitor the evolution of the proposed model during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach The successive independent samples data (in 2020 and 2021, respectively) were collected in Shizhu county, China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used with a survey of 1,472 wellness tourists (N2020 = 494, N2021 = 978) to test research hypotheses empirically. Additionally, independent sample t-test and multi-group SEM analysis were used to compare the mean difference of variables and coefficients’ difference between 2020 and 2021. Findings This study reveals that REWT can increase self-perceived health, resulting in a positive influence on place attachment. By tracing the research site and comparing the successive independent samples data, we found a stronger recovery experience effect of wellness tourism on place attachment alongside a weaker effect on self-perceived health in 2021. The positive relationship between self-perceived health and place attachment is significantly strengthened when health goals are salient. Originality/value This study investigated the mechanism behind the formation of place attachment in the wellness tourism context and extended understanding on the dynamic nature of the REWTand ongoing evolving person-place relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also provided practical suggestions to benefit industry practitioners by enhancing current understanding of improving experience-based management in wellness destinations.

The integration of sensing, computing, storage, and communications is one of the main research directions of current network development. To achieve the integration, an innovative design in the antenna array is essential. This paper presents a novel design of an irregularly distributed antenna array for smart 6G networks. Firstly, to solve the problem of fast amplitude and phase distribution of conformal arrays, the fast electromagnetic code of the multilevel fast multipole (MLFMA) based on volume surface integral equations (VSIE) is used to simulate the radiation characteristics of the irregularly distributed antenna arrays. Secondly, another stochastic global optimization algorithm, Simulated Annealing (SA), has been widely used to solve multiscale nonlinear problems. Finally, the performance of the proposed antenna array is given by simulation results and tests, to prove the effectiveness and correctness.

One consequence of an epidemic is the attachment of a spoiled identity to travelers from pandemic areas (hereafter referred to as “travelers”), resulting in severe damage to their psychological health. Guided by the stigmatization process model, this study examines the impact of tourism practitioners' perceptions of illness labeling toward travelers, social identification with travelers, and effects of spatial stigma. The moderating effects of empathy and social distance on this relationship are also analyzed. The results of a questionnaire survey of 754 tourism practitioners showed that illness labeling toward travelers negatively influences social identity with travelers and this leads to spatial stigma. Tourism practitioners’ empathy and the social distance between them and travelers are found to moderate the relationship between illness labeling toward travelers and spatial stigma. Finally, this study further finds that the two moderators are found to be more effective in alleviating social stigma than moral stigma.

A differentially fed dual-polarized antenna with low cross-polarization is proposed for sub-6 GHz applications. The main patch is fed through two pairs of symmetrical ports, and annular-ring slits are etched around the feedings. The broadband 180° phase shifter provides a stable differential feeding structure, and a 1 mm thick radome with a parasitic patch printed on its inner surface is utilized to expand the impedance bandwidth. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna ranges from 3.3 to 6.0 GHz, covering the entire sub-6 GHz band. The 4-element antenna array features low profile, wide bandwidth, low cross-polarization level, and stable gain over the entire operating band. The prototype of the antenna array is fabricated and measured, and the design is well validated by experimental results.

It is well known that radome has adverse effects on the performance of the antenna array while protecting it from outside environments. In some extreme cases, e.g., when an airborne radome is ablated during the flight of a high-speed vehicle, the impaired radome will severely alter the radiation pattern (RP) of the antenna array. To counteract this effect, it is desirable that the RP of the array can be recovered to satisfy the preset criteria even in presence of the impaired radome. In this letter, we investigate the method of fast recovery of the RP of an enclosed antenna array when the dielectric radome is damaged. An improved simulated annealing algorithm is combined with the active RPs of antenna elements in the array-radome system to fast restore the RP of the array. Both the mutual coupling among array elements and the interactions between the array and impaired radome are taken into account rigorously, so the RP of the array can be restored with good accuracy. The effectiveness of the method is validated by the numerical and experimental results for the RP recovery of a real-life linear antenna array enclosed by an impaired radome.

The extant literature has suggested that high-performance human resources practices (HRPs), such as employee training, employment security, and a results-oriented appraisal system, promote favorable employee behaviors. This research predicts that such practices render a mechanism that reduces hotel employees’ propensity to quit through lowering their emotional exhaustion. However, does this mechanism work more effectively in hotels with a strong brand? To address this question, we propose a multilevel research model to assess the effectiveness of HRPs under different conditions of brand equity. Drawing on both social exchange theory and social identification theory, the current study works to advance the literature by investigating the cross-level brand equity boundary condition on the HRPs−intention-to-quit moderated mediation process from two independent sets of data. It advances the literature by bridging the research gap between human resource management and brand management.

We utilize data from 2017CSS to explore factors related to people’s subjective wellbeing (SWB). Employing statistical analysis software, we test the chain mediation effect among social security, social fairness, social trust, and SWB. The results show that social security has a direct positive effect on people’s SWB (β = 0.481, p

Skeletonization is an effective method to accelerate the solution of linear systems with multiple right-hand sides (RHSs) by exploiting the rank-deficiency property of the RHS matrix. However, when the size of the RHS matrix is very large, the memory requirement would become a bottleneck of the skeletonization technique. To reduce the memory cost, this letter presents the theoretical basis of how to find out the skeleton basis functions (SBFs) to construct the skeleton RHS matrix more efficiently from a purely algebraic point of view and proposes a multilevel algorithm to figure out the SBFs for solving the integral equations with multiple RHSs. The numerical results show that the proposed method accelerates the solution of the volume–surface integral equation with multiple RHSs and reduces the memory cost significantly.

A transmitting array antenna for both long- and medium- range automotive radar application is proposed in this paper. The array antenna consists of six linear series-fed patch subarrays and a network based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). With adoption of the broadband self-compensating phase shifter, the antenna has a good performance in wide band. Simulation results show that impedance bandwidth is from 23.9GHz to 25.1GHz, the relative bandwidth with flat-shoulder pattern is 2%.

During hypersonic flights of a space vehicle, shock heating ionizes the molecules of the surrounding air, which will create a plasma sheath that covers all or part of the vehicle. The plasma sheath absorbs and reflects electromagnetic (EM) waves, resulting in communication blackout of the installed electronic devices or systems. Moreover, when a high-power microwave (HPM) illuminates the moving vehicle, the constituent parameters of the plasma sheath will be altered since the plasma covering absorbs part of the energy of the HPM. In consequence, the transmission and scattering properties of the high-speed vehicle to the EM communication signals are changed. In order to investigate the complicated interactions among the plasma sheath, the HPM, and the low-power communication EM signals, a multiphysics model based on the computational fluid dynamics and the computational EMs is proposed, and the corresponding numerical solution is provided as well. Since the primary aim of the paper is to reveal the multiphysics method and relevant phenomenon, both the theoretical derivations and numerical examples are only presented in the 2-D space.

During the solution of volume-surface integral equation (VSIE), to reduce the core memory requirement of the radiation patterns (RPs) of the basis functions, an improved spherical harmonics expansion-based multilevel fast multipole algorithm (SE-MLFMA) using the mixed-potential representation and the triangle-/tetrahedron-based grouping scheme is applied. Numerical results show that accompanying with a faster speed, the memory requirement of the RPs in the improved SE-MLFMA is several times less than that in the conventional MLFMA without compromising accuracy. A result employing the OpenMP parallelization and vector arithmetic logic unit (VALU) hardware acceleration technique is also shown to illustrate the robustness and scalability of the improved SE-MLFMA method.

As global populations age, there is need to deepen understanding about older people as both hosts and tourists. This paper uses critical gerontology to examine the experiences of older volunteers at tourism sites in China. Through exploratory interviews with volunteers, we identify the importance of cultural context for understanding the experiences of older people as volunteers and hosts. We argue that Chinese philosophical traditions, combined with eastern collectivist values, shape older people’s experiences. We propose a hybrid model of volunteering that incorporates this distinct Chinese volunteer spirit. This study illustrates the value of critical gerontology for questioning the role tourism plays in both challenging and reinforcing normative ideas about ageing and being old, and the importance of cultural context for understanding older people’s experiences of tourism.

Wellness tourism has undergone rapid development in recent decades. Based on the transmission model of inspiration, this article aims to explore the antecedents and consequences of tourist inspiration in the context of wellness tourism. Survey data (N = 494) from Shizhu county, a well-known China local tourism destination renowned for its health-and-wellness tourism, showed that tourist inspiration can be elicited by a wellness tourism experience, which in turn has a positive influence on tourist engagement. By using openness to experience as a moderating factor, we uncovered significant and positive relationships between experience and inspiration when tourists have high levels of openness to experience. Through this original study focusing on relationship management in wellness tourism, we demonstrated the cruciality of inspiration and its underlying role in creating tourist engagement. Our research results have yielded theoretical and practical findings and outcomes that will benefit both academia and industry practitioners alike.

An iterative-based hybrid method, which combines the volume-surface integral equation (VSIE) and the modified surface integration (MSI) method, is presented to analyze the radome-enclosed antennas in receiving mode. Compared with the previously published hybrid approaches, this method improves computational accuracy by including the effects of shaded wall of the radome and the mutual interactions between antennas and radome during the numerical solution of the VSIE in an iterative manner. By embedding different parts of the antenna-radome structure (ARS) into three distinct oct-trees, the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) is used to accelerate both the VSIE solution and the surface/volume integrations in the MSI stage. The new method obtains more accurate results than its original version within less CPU time, and keeps good accuracy with much less memory usage and computational time when compared with the MLFMA-accelerated full-wave VSIE solution for the entire ARS.

The validity of the use of continuity condition (CC) is studied when it is combined with the volume-surface integral equation (VSIE) to solve the electromagnetic scattering/radiation of composite conductor-dielectric objects. It is found that the explicit enforcement of CC in VSIE may be inaccurate if the involved conductor is infinitesimally thin, but it works well for the composite structures that only contain conductors with closed surfaces. A new combined field integral equation-volume integral equation with enforced CC (CC-CFIE-VIE) is then proposed, and a convenient way to embed it into the context of the multilevel fast multipole algorithm is also provided. Numerical results show that CC-CFIE-VIE not only reduces the overall memory usage and the CPU time of a single iteration, but also decreases the number of iterations to reach desired accuracy.

With the rapid development of modern electronic communication technologies, many systems need to integrate antennas of different frequencies and use an ultra-wideband antenna for better working performance. In this paper, a small-scale, ultra-wideband antenna is designed, which is in the form of a cylindrical monopole antenna. The simulation results show that the antenna can work normally in the range of 300MHz∼6GHz. Under the strict lateral size and floor size requirements, the VSWR is less than 2.5 and the average gain at the horizon is stable. This ultra-wideband monopole antenna has broad application prospects in broadband passive direction-finding systems and monitoring systems.

A small-size 2×2 broadband circularly polarized microstrip antenna array is proposed in this article. The array has four broadband dual-feed U-slot patch antenna elements with circular polarization, and the sequential feeding technique is used to further enhance the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth. The lateral size of the fabricated array is as small as 1.33λ0×1.33λ0, and the profile is only 0.04λ0. Measured results show that the overlapped −10 dB reflection coefficient and the 3 dB AR bandwidth is 53%, and the variation of the measured realized gain is less than 1 dB for S-band satellite communications (1.98–2.2 GHz).

A 2×2 circularly polarized magnetic-electric dipole array which adopts sequential-rotated feeding technique to broaden the bandwidth with the total size of 1.68λ 0 × 1.68λ 0 × 0.08λ 0 is presented in this paper. The antenna element utilizes an obtuse-triangular structure to reduce the antenna profile to only 0.08λ 0 . The simulated results show that an impedance bandwidth of 21.4% (VSWR

This paper presents an equivalent circuit method (ECM) to design a band-pass frequency selective surface (FSS) with a steep-rejection stopband. The FSS shows a passband at X-band and a stopband at Ku-band. Using the basic FSS structures of grid and square loop, whose impedance properties have been studied in depth, we construct the multilayer model of FSS element corresponding to the equivalent circuit method. By analyzing the circuit, we can obtain the analytical formulas of scattering (S) parameters for the FSS elements, which are suitable for both normal- and oblique-incidence. With the curve-fitting method, we can determine the dimensions of the element, and complete the primary design of the FSS. Finally, we compare the analyzing results with the simulation results by Ansys HFSS, and the method is proved to be feasible for fast design of FSS.