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1. X-ray imaging and radiation transport effects on cylindrical implosions

Author

Pérez-Callejo, G., Bailly-Grandvaux, M., Florido, R., Walsh, C. A., Gigosos, M. A., Beg, F. N., McGuffey, C., Mancini, R. C., Suzuki-Vidal, F., Vlachos, C., Bradford, P., and Santos, J. J.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Magnetization of inertial confinement implosions is a promising means of improving their performance, owing to the potential reduction of energy losses within the target and mitigation of hydrodynamic instabilities. In particular, cylindrical implosions are useful for studying the influence of a magnetic field thanks to their axial symmetry. Here we present experimental results from cylindrical implosions on the OMEGA-60 laser using a 40-beam, 14.5 kJ, 1.5 ns drive and an initial seed magnetic field of B0=24 T along the axis of the targets, compared with reference results without an imposed B-field. Implosions were characterized using time-resolved X-ray imaging from two orthogonal lines of sight. We found that the data agree well with magnetohydrodynamic simulations once radiation transport within the imploding plasma is considered. We show that for a correct interpretation of the data in this type of experiments, explicit radiation transport must be taken into account.

Published
2022
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2. A cylindrical implosion platform for the study of highly magnetized plasmas at LMJ

Author

Pérez-Callejo, G., Vlachos, C., Walsh, C. A., Florido, R., Bailly-Grandvaux, M., Vaisseau, X., Suzuki-Vidal, F., McGuffey, C., Beg, F. N., Bradford, P., Ospina-Bohórquez, V., Batani, D., Raffestin, D., Colaïtis, A., Tikhonchuk, V., Casner, A., Koenig, M., Albertazzi, B., Fedosejevs, R., Woolsey, N., Ehret, M., Debayle, A., Loiseau, P., Calisti, A., Ferri, S., Honrubia, J., Kingham, R., Mancini, R. C., Gigosos, M. A., and Santos, J. J.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Investigating the potential benefits of the use of magnetic fields in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments has given rise to new experimental platforms like the Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion (MagLIF) approach at the Z-machine (Sandia National Laboratories), or its laser-driven equivalent at OMEGA (Laboratory for Laser Energetics). Implementing these platforms at MJ-scale laser facilities, such as the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) or the National Ignition Facility (NIF), is crucial to reaching self-sustained nuclear fusion and enlarges the level of magnetization that can be achieved through a higher compression. In this paper, we present a complete design of an experimental platform for magnetized implosions using cylindrical targets at LMJ. A seed magnetic field is generated along the axis of the cylinder using laser-driven coil targets, minimizing debris and increasing diagnostic access compared with pulsed power field generators. We present a comprehensive simulation study of the initial B-field generated with these coil targets, as well as 2-dimensional extended magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) simulations showing that a 5T initial B-field is compressed up to 25kT during the implosion. Under these circumstances, the electrons become magnetized, which severely modifies the plasma conditions at stagnation. In particular, in the hot spot the electron temperature is increased (from 1keV to 5keV) while the density is reduced (from 40gcc to 7gcc). We discuss how these changes can be diagnosed using X-ray imaging and spectroscopy, and particle diagnostics. We propose the simultaneous use of two dopants in the fuel (Ar and Kr) to act as spectroscopic tracers. We show that this introduces an effective spatial resolution in the plasma which permits an unambiguous observation of the B-field effects. Additionally, we present a plan for future experiments of this kind at LMJ.

Published
2022
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4. Observation and modeling of interspecies ion separation in inertial confinement fusion implosions via imaging x-ray spectroscopy

Author

Joshi, T. R., Hakel, P., Hsu, S. C., Vold, E. L., Schmitt, M. J., Hoffman, N. M., Rauenzahn, R. M., Kagan, G., Tang, X. -Z., Mancini, R. C., Kim, Y., and Herrmann, H. W.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We report first direct experimental evidence of interspecies ion separation in direct-drive ICF experiments performed at the OMEGA laser facility via spectrally, temporally and spatially resolved imaging x-ray-spectroscopy data [S. C. Hsu et al., EPL 115, 65001 (2016)]. These experiments were designed based on the expectation that interspecies ion thermo-diffusion would be strongest for species with large mass and charge difference. The targets were spherical plastic shells filled with D2 and a trace amount of Ar (0.1% or 1% by atom). Ar K-shell spectral features were observed primarily between the time of first-shock convergence and slightly before neutron bang time, using a time- and space-integrated spectrometer, a streaked crystal spectrometer, and two gated multi-monochromatic x-ray imagers fielded along quasi-orthogonal lines of sight. Detailed spectroscopic analyses of spatially resolved Ar K-shell lines reveal deviation from the initial 1% Ar gas fill and show both Ar-concentration enhancement and depletion at different times and radial positions of the implosion. The experimental results are interpreted with radiation-hydrodynamic simulations that include recently implemented, first-principles models of interspecies ion diffusion. The experimentally inferred Ar-atom-fraction profiles agree reasonably with calculated profiles associated with the incoming and rebounding first shock., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, submitted for publication (2017)

Published
2017
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5. Dead or Alive? Long-term evolution of SN 2015bh (SNhunt275)

Author

Elias-Rosa, N., Pastorello, A., Benetti, S., Cappellaro, E., Taubenberger, S., Terreran, G., Fraser, M., Brown, P. J., Tartaglia, L., Morales-Garoffolo, A., Harmanen, J., Richardson, N. D., Artigau, 'E., Tomasella, L., Margutti, R., Smartt, S. J., Dennefeld, M., Turatto, M., Anupama, G. C., Arbour, R., Berton, M., Bjorkman, K. S., Boles, T., Briganti, F., Chornock, R., Ciabattari, F., Cortini, G., Dimai, A., Gerhartz, C. J., Itagaki, K., Kotak, R., Mancini, R., Martinelli, F., Milisavljevic, D., Misra, K., Ochner, P., Patnaude, D., Polshaw, J., Sahu, D. K., and Zaggia, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Supernova (SN) 2015bh (or SNhunt275) was discovered in NGC 2770 on 2015 February with an absolute magnitude of Mr ~ -13.4 mag, and was initially classified as a SN impostor. Here we present the photometric and spectroscopic evolution of SN 2015bh from discovery to late phases (~ 1 yr after). In addition, we inspect archival images of the host galaxy up to ~ 21 yr before discovery, finding a burst ~ 1 yr before discovery, and further signatures of stellar instability until late 2014. Later on, the luminosity of the transient slowly increases, and a broad light curve peak is reached after about three months. We propose that the transient discovered in early 2015 could be a core-collapse SN explosion. The pre-SN luminosity variability history, the long-lasting rise and faintness first light curve peak suggests that the progenitor was a very massive, unstable and blue star, which exploded as a faint SN because of severe fallback of material. Later on, the object experiences a sudden brightening of 3 mag, which results from the interaction of the SN ejecta with circumstellar material formed through repeated past mass-loss events. Spectroscopic signatures of interaction are however visible at all epochs. A similar chain of events was previously proposed for the similar interacting SN 2009ip., Comment: 31 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2016
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6. Observation of interspecies ion separation in inertial-confinement-fusion implosions

Author

Hsu, S. C., Joshi, T. R., Hakel, P., Vold, E. L., Schmitt, M. J., Hoffman, N. M., Rauenzahn, R. M., Kagan, G., Tang, X. -Z., Mancini, R. C., Kim, Y., and Herrmann, H. W.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We report direct experimental evidence of interspecies ion separation in direct-drive, inertial-confinement-fusion experiments on the OMEGA laser facility. These experiments, which used plastic capsules with D$_2$/Ar gas fill (1% Ar by atom), were designed specifically to reveal interspecies ion separation by exploiting the predicted, strong ion thermo-diffusion between ion species of large mass and charge difference. Via detailed analyses of imaging x-ray-spectroscopy data, we extract Ar-atom-fraction radial profiles at different times, and observe both enhancement and depletion compared to the initial 1%-Ar gas fill. The experimental results are interpreted with radiation-hydrodynamic simulations that include recently implemented, first-principles models of interspecies ion diffusion. The experimentally inferred Ar-atom-fraction profiles agree reasonably, but not exactly, with calculated profiles associated with the incoming and rebounding first shock., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; submitted for publication

Published
2016
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8. Multiple-view spectrally resolved x-ray imaging observations of polar-direct-drive implosions on OMEGA

Author

Mancini, R. C., Johns, H. M., Joshi, T., Mayes, D., Nagayama, T., Hsu, S. C., Baumgaertel, J. A., Cobble, J., Krasheninnikova, N. S., Bradley, P. A., Hakel, P., Murphy, T. J., Schmitt, M. J., Shah, R. C., Tregillis, I. L., and Wysocki, F. J.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present spatially, temporally, and spectrally resolved narrow- and broad-band x-ray images of polar-direct-drive (PDD) implosions on OMEGA. These self-emission images were obtained during the deceleration phase and bang time using several multiple monochromatic x-ray imaging instruments fielded along two or three quasi-orthogonal lines-of-sight including equatorial and polar views. The instruments recorded images based on K-shell lines from a titanium tracer located in the shell as well as continuum emission. These observations constitute the first such data obtained for PDD implosions. The image data show features attributed to zero-order hydrodynamics. Equatorial view synthetic images obtained from post-processing a 2D hydrodynamic simulation are consistent with the experimental observation. Polar view images show a pentagonal pattern that correlates with the PDD laser illumination used on OMEGA, thus revealing a 3D aspect of these experiments not previously observed., Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures, submitted for publication

Published
2014
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9. Control and diagnosis of temperature, density, and uniformity in x-ray heated iron/magnesium samples for opacity measurements

Author

Nagayama, T., Bailey, J. E., Loisel, G., Hansen, S. B., Rochau, G. A., Mancini, R. C., MacFarlane, J. J., and Golovkin, I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Experimental tests are in progress to evaluate the accuracy of the modeled iron opacity at solar interior conditions, in particular to better constrain the solar abundance problem [S. Basu and H.M. Antia, Physics Reports 457, 217 (2008)]. Here we describe measurements addressing three of the key requirements for reliable opacity experiments: control of sample conditions, independent sample condition diagnostics, and verification of sample condition uniformity. The opacity samples consist of iron/magnesium layers tamped by plastic. By changing the plastic thicknesses, we have controlled the iron plasma conditions to reach i) Te=167+/-3 eV and ne=(7.1+/-1.5)e21 e/cc, ii) Te=170+/-2 eV and ne=(2.0+/-0.2)e22 e/cc, and iii) Te=196+/-6 eV and ne=(3.8+/-0.8)e22 e/cc, which were measured by magnesium tracer K-shell spectroscopy. The opacity sample non-uniformity was directly measured by a separate experiment where Al is mixed into the side of the sample facing the radiation source and Mg into the other side. The iron condition was confirmed to be uniform within their measurement uncertainties by Al and Mg K-shell spectroscopy. The conditions are suitable for testing opacity calculations needed for modeling the solar interior, other stars, and high energy density plasmas., Comment: Published online 14 May 2014

Published
2014
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10. Direct asymmetry measurement of temperature and density spatial distributions in inertial confinement fusion plasmas from pinhole space-resolved spectra

Author

Nagayama, T., Mancini, R. C., Florido, R., Mayes, D., Tommasini, R., Koch, J. A., Delettrez, J. A., Regan, S. P., and Smalyuk, V. A.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Two-dimensional space-resolved temperature and density images of an inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosion core have been diagnosed for the first time. Argon-doped, direct-drive ICF experiments were performed at the Omega Laser Facility and a collection of two-dimensional space-resolved spectra were obtained from an array of gated, spectrally resolved pinhole images recorded by a multi-monochromatic x-ray imager. Detailed spectral analysis revealed asymmetries of the core not just in shape and size but in the temperature and density spatial distributions, thus characterizing the core with an unprecedented level of detail., Comment: Published online 7 May 2014

Published
2014
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11. Assessing Static Lung Hyperinflation by Whole-Body Plethysmography, Helium Dilution, and Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) in Patients with COPD

Author

D'Ascanio M, Viccaro F, Calabrò N, Guerrieri G, Salvucci C, Pizzirusso D, Mancini R, De Vitis C, Pezzuto A, and Ricci A

Subjects
hyperinflation, copd, ios, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Michela D’Ascanio,1 Fausta Viccaro,1 Noemi Calabrò,1 Giulio Guerrieri,1 Claudia Salvucci,1 Dario Pizzirusso,1 Rita Mancini,1 Claudia De Vitis,1 Aldo Pezzuto,2 Alberto Ricci1 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; 2Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, ItalyCorrespondence: Michela D’Ascanio Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, Roma 00189, RM, ItalyTel +390633776768Email dascaniomichela87@gmail.comPurpose: Lung hyperinflation is a feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and can determine pivotal consequence on symptoms, exercise tolerance and quality of life. Despite the relevance of assessing lung hyperinflation, there is still no single consensus as to what volume should be taken into account. We investigate which spirometric measurement is more reliable in assessing static lung hyperinflation and which is more related with impulse oscillometry system (IOS) measurements in COPD.Patients and Methods: Fifty-five COPD patients were enrolled. TLC, RV and RV:TLC ratio were obtained both with helium and plethysmography techniques. IOS measurements (X5, Fres and R5-R20) were performed. Pearson and Spearman correlation determined the relationships between the functional parameters that evaluate static hyperinflation (RV: TLC, TLC, RV) and IOS measurements.Results: As expected, we reported a statistically significant difference between these two techniques in terms of mean percentage values of TLC (7.57 ± 3.26 L; p= 0.02) and RV (15.24 ± 7.51 L; p=0.04), while RV:TLC measured with the two methods was similar (5.21 ± 4.69%; p=0.27). The correlation analysis showed that IOS parameters, such as difference in resistance between 5 Hz and 20 Hz (R(5– 20)) and resonant frequency (Fres), were positively correlated with RV:TLC ratio, while reactance at 5 Hz (X(5)) was negatively correlated with it. In particular, we pointed out a weak correlation between RV:TLC (%) (Pleth) and R(5– 20) (r=0.3, p=0.04), Fres (r=0.3; p=0.03), while X5 had a mild correlation with RV:TLC (%) (r=− 0.5;p< 0.0001). Moreover, we noticed a strong relationship between RV:TLC (%)(He) and X5 (r=− 0.7; p=0.0001) and a mild correlation between RV:TLC (%) (He) and Fres (r=0.4; p=0.003). Between R5-R20 and RV:TLC, there was a weak correlation (r=0.3; p=0.001). No correlation between TLC, RV (L,%) (both helium and Pleth derived) and IOS parameters (R(5– 20), X5, Fres) was found.Conclusion: RV:TLC can represent the most reliable parameter in the assessment of hyperinflation, considering the absence of significant difference in its measurement between the two techniques. IOS provides supplementary information in the assessment of static hyperinflation.Keywords: hyperinflation, COPD, IOS

Published
2020

13. ALDOC- and ENO2- driven glucose metabolism sustains 3D tumor spheroids growth regardless of nutrient environmental conditions: a multi-omics analysis

Author

De Vitis, C, Battaglia, A, Pallocca, M, Santamaria, G, Mimmi, M, Sacco, A, De Nicola, F, Gaspari, M, Salvati, V, Ascenzi, F, Bruschini, S, Esposito, A, Ricci, G, Sperandio, E, Massacci, A, Prestagiacomo, L, Vecchione, A, Ricci, A, Sciacchitano, S, Salerno, G, French, D, Aversa, I, Cereda, C, Fanciulli, M, Chiaradonna, F, Solito, E, Cuda, G, Costanzo, F, Ciliberto, G, Mancini, R, Biamonte, F, De Vitis C., Battaglia A. M., Pallocca M., Santamaria G., Mimmi M. C., Sacco A., De Nicola F., Gaspari M., Salvati V., Ascenzi F., Bruschini S., Esposito A., Ricci G., Sperandio E., Massacci A., Prestagiacomo L. E., Vecchione A., Ricci A., Sciacchitano S., Salerno G., French D., Aversa I., Cereda C., Fanciulli M., Chiaradonna F., Solito E., Cuda G., Costanzo F., Ciliberto G., Mancini R., Biamonte F., De Vitis, C, Battaglia, A, Pallocca, M, Santamaria, G, Mimmi, M, Sacco, A, De Nicola, F, Gaspari, M, Salvati, V, Ascenzi, F, Bruschini, S, Esposito, A, Ricci, G, Sperandio, E, Massacci, A, Prestagiacomo, L, Vecchione, A, Ricci, A, Sciacchitano, S, Salerno, G, French, D, Aversa, I, Cereda, C, Fanciulli, M, Chiaradonna, F, Solito, E, Cuda, G, Costanzo, F, Ciliberto, G, Mancini, R, Biamonte, F, De Vitis C., Battaglia A. M., Pallocca M., Santamaria G., Mimmi M. C., Sacco A., De Nicola F., Gaspari M., Salvati V., Ascenzi F., Bruschini S., Esposito A., Ricci G., Sperandio E., Massacci A., Prestagiacomo L. E., Vecchione A., Ricci A., Sciacchitano S., Salerno G., French D., Aversa I., Cereda C., Fanciulli M., Chiaradonna F., Solito E., Cuda G., Costanzo F., Ciliberto G., Mancini R., and Biamonte F.

Abstract

Background: Metastases are the major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. By the time cancer cells detach from their primary site to eventually spread to distant sites, they need to acquire the ability to survive in non-adherent conditions and to proliferate within a new microenvironment in spite of stressing conditions that may severely constrain the metastatic process. In this study, we gained insight into the molecular mechanisms allowing cancer cells to survive and proliferate in an anchorage-independent manner, regardless of both tumor-intrinsic variables and nutrient culture conditions. Methods: 3D spheroids derived from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and breast cancer cells were cultured in either nutrient-rich or -restricted culture conditions. A multi-omics approach, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, was used to explore the molecular changes underlying the transition from 2 to 3D cultures. Small interfering RNA-mediated loss of function assays were used to validate the role of the identified differentially expressed genes and proteins in H460 and HCC827 LUAD as well as in MCF7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines. Results: We found that the transition from 2 to 3D cultures of H460 and MCF7 cells is associated with significant changes in the expression of genes and proteins involved in metabolic reprogramming. In particular, we observed that 3D tumor spheroid growth implies the overexpression of ALDOC and ENO2 glycolytic enzymes concomitant with the enhanced consumption of glucose and fructose and the enhanced production of lactate. Transfection with siRNA against both ALDOC and ENO2 determined a significant reduction in lactate production, viability and size of 3D tumor spheroids produced by H460, HCC827, MCF7, and T47D cell lines. Conclusions: Our results show that anchorage-independent survival and growth of cancer cells are supported by changes in genes and proteins that drive glucose metabolism towards an enhanced lactate pro

Published
2023

14. Impact of strong magnetization in cylindrical plasma implosions with applied B-field measured via x-ray emission spectroscopy

Author

Bailly-Grandvaux, M., primary, Florido, R., additional, Walsh, C. A., additional, Pérez-Callejo, G., additional, Beg, F. N., additional, Bradford, P., additional, Gigosos, M. A., additional, Mancini, R. C., additional, McGuffey, C., additional, Suzuki-Vidal, F., additional, Vlachos, C., additional, and Santos, J. J., additional

Published
2024
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15. First observations from the Kr multi-monochromatic x-ray imager for time and spatially resolved diagnosis of hot implosion cores.

Author

Gallardo-Diaz, E., Mancini, R. C., Clapp, J., Adrian, P., Evans, T. E., Frenje, J., Florido, R., Kruse, M. K. G., and Nagayama, T.

Abstract

This paper presents initial findings from the recently deployed Kr multi-monochromatic x-ray imager (Kr MMI) at the Omega laser facility. The experiment focuses on exploring implosion dynamics in exploding pusher capsules at three distinct initial gas fill densities. Utilizing time-gated and spatially integrated measurements, core size, electron temperature ( T e ), and electron densities ( n e ) are extracted through the analysis of the spectral region encompassing the Kr He α and its satellite lines. A comprehensive spectral database, incorporating atomic kinetics, spectroscopic-quality radiation transport, and Stark broadened line shapes, has been developed for rigorous data analysis. These measurements underscore the utility of the new Kr MMI instrument, which, combined with sophisticated analysis techniques, enables the diagnosis of plasma conditions at T e > 2000 eV, thereby extending the capabilities beyond the prior Ar MMI design. This is an important stepping stone for achieving time-gated and space-resolved diagnostics of electron temperature, electron density, and heat transport in high temperature implosion cores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Hot dense capsule implosion cores produced by z-pinch dynamic hohlraum radiation

Author

Bailey, J. E., Chandler, G. A., Slutz, S. A., Golovkin, I., Lake, P. W., MacFarlane, J. J., Mancini, R. C., Buris-Mog, T. J., Cooper, G., Leeper, R. J., Mehlhorn, T. A., Moore, T. C., Nash, T. J., Nielsen, D. S., Ruiz, C. L., Schroen, D. G., and Varnum, W. A.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Hot dense capsule implosions driven by z-pinch x-rays have been measured for the first time. A ~220 eV dynamic hohlraum imploded 1.7-2.1 mm diameter gas-filled CH capsules which absorbed up to ~20 kJ of x-rays. Argon tracer atom spectra were used to measure the Te~ 1keV electron temperature and the ne ~ 1-4 x10^23 cm-3 electron density. Spectra from multiple directions provide core symmetry estimates. Computer simulations agree well with the peak compression values of Te, ne, and symmetry, indicating reasonable understanding of the hohlraum and implosion physics., Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2003
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20. An experimental platform for investigation of the Zeeman effect in strong magnetic fields.

Author

Huerta, N. A., Minaker, Z. J., Ivanov, V. V., Mancini, R. C., Swanson, K. J., and Hariharan, H. K.

Subjects
MAGNETIC field effects, ZEEMAN effect, BLACKBODY radiation, ABSORPTION spectra, CCD cameras, MAGNETIC fields
Abstract

An experimental platform is developed for the investigation of the Zeeman effect in strong magnetic fields. Mega-Gauss magnetic fields are generated by a 1 MA Zebra pulsed power machine using metal rod loads. A gas jet or CH oil on the load is the source of hydrogen. Excited hydrogen atoms are backlit by black body radiation from the rod load. Hydrogen absorption spectra are recorded with a grating spectrometer and intensified gated CCD camera. The experimental platform enables the observation of the quadratic Zeeman effect in hydrogen gas jets using the spectral shift of the central line in the Zeeman triplet. Other gases can be studied using the gas jet method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Oltre la scuola: emergenze pastorali. Pratiche digitali durante la pandemia

Author

Mancini, R., Rondonotti, M., Carenzio, Alessandra, Rondonotti, Marco, Farinacci, E., Mazzotti, E., Carenzio, A. (ORCID:0000-0002-2212-6400), Rondonotti, M. (ORCID:0000-0003-1579-6737), Farinacci E., Mazzotti E., Mancini, R., Rondonotti, M., Carenzio, Alessandra, Rondonotti, Marco, Farinacci, E., Mazzotti, E., Carenzio, A. (ORCID:0000-0002-2212-6400), Rondonotti, M. (ORCID:0000-0003-1579-6737), Farinacci E., and Mazzotti E.

Abstract

A partire dal decreto ministeriale emanato l’11 marzo 2020 e con la successiva firma del decreto-legge 23 febbraio 2020, n. 6 recante misure urgenti in materia di contenimento e gestione dell’emergenza COVID-19 la mobilità dei cittadini italiani ha subito forti restrizioni su tutto il territorio nazionale. Le diocesi si sono trovate a tradurre tali direttive per la vita comunitaria, liturgica e sacramentale. In un periodo liturgico centrale quale la Quaresima e la Pasqua, hanno dovuto far fronte all’impossibilità di celebrare e riunirsi con i fedeli. Certamente la presenza dei media in ambito pastorale e diocesano sia in termini prettamente strumentali (i media come dispositivi e come mediatori), sia in termini culturali e di discernimento si è rivelata centrale. Il capitolo ragiona su questi temi a partire da un'indagine condotta nel periodo pandemico

Published
2023

25. Anti-hypothalamic autoantibodies in patients with Narcolepsy

Author

Donniaquio, A., primary, Mattioli, P., additional, Orso, B., additional, Saverino, D., additional, Strangio, A., additional, Benedetti, L., additional, Franciotta, D., additional, Cordani, R., additional, Calizzano, F., additional, Mancini, R., additional, Valcalda, A., additional, Nobili, L., additional, Nobili, F., additional, and Arnaldi, D., additional

Published
2022
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27. Measurements of ion-electron energy-transfer cross section in high-energy-density plasmas

Author

Adrian, P. J., primary, Florido, R., additional, Grabowski, P. E., additional, Mancini, R., additional, Bachmann, B., additional, Benedict, L. X., additional, Johnson, M. Gatu, additional, Kabadi, N., additional, Lahmann, B., additional, Li, C. K., additional, Petrasso, R. D., additional, Rinderknecht, H. G., additional, Regan, S. P., additional, Séguin, F. H., additional, Singleton, R. L., additional, Sio, H., additional, Sutcliffe, G. D., additional, Whitley, H. D., additional, and Frenje, J. A., additional

Published
2022
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28. X-ray imaging and radiation transport effects on cylindrical implosions

Author

Pérez-Callejo, G., primary, Bailly-Grandvaux, M., additional, Florido, R., additional, Walsh, C. A., additional, Gigosos, M. A., additional, Beg, F. N., additional, McGuffey, C., additional, Mancini, R. C., additional, Suzuki-Vidal, F., additional, Vlachos, C., additional, Bradford, P., additional, and Santos, J. J., additional

Published
2022
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31. Streaked sub-ps-resolution x-ray line shapes and implications for solid-density plasma dynamics (invited)

Author

Kraus, B. F., primary, Gao, Lan, additional, Hill, K. W., additional, Bitter, M., additional, Efthimion, P. C., additional, Hollinger, R., additional, Wang, Shoujun, additional, Song, Huanyu, additional, Nedbailo, R., additional, Rocca, J. J., additional, Mancini, R. C., additional, Beatty, C. B., additional, MacDonald, M. J., additional, and Shepherd, R., additional

Published
2022
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33. Cylindrical implosion platform for the study of highly magnetized plasmas at Laser MegaJoule

Author

Pérez-Callejo, G., primary, Vlachos, C., additional, Walsh, C. A., additional, Florido, R., additional, Bailly-Grandvaux, M., additional, Vaisseau, X., additional, Suzuki-Vidal, F., additional, McGuffey, C., additional, Beg, F. N., additional, Bradford, P., additional, Ospina-Bohórquez, V., additional, Batani, D., additional, Raffestin, D., additional, Colaïtis, A., additional, Tikhonchuk, V., additional, Casner, A., additional, Koenig, M., additional, Albertazzi, B., additional, Fedosejevs, R., additional, Woolsey, N., additional, Ehret, M., additional, Debayle, A., additional, Loiseau, P., additional, Calisti, A., additional, Ferri, S., additional, Honrubia, J., additional, Kingham, R., additional, Mancini, R. C., additional, Gigosos, M. A., additional, and Santos, J. J., additional

Published
2022
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35. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Application and Outcomes: Analysis in the 'Lazio Network' Database

Author

Grieco, Michele, Galiffa, G., Marcellinaro, R., Santoro, E., Persiani, Roberto, Mancini, Stefano, Di Paola, M., Santoro, Roberto, Stipa, F., Crucitti, Antonio, Carlini, M., Spoletini, D., Russo, Giulia, Menditto, R., Palla, F., Giorgetti, G. M., Pernazza, G., Marino, P., De Luca, L., Mancini, R., Pende, V., Lirici, M., Falbo, F., D'Ugo, Domenico, Sollazzi, Liliana, Mele, Maria Cristina, Lorenzon, Laura, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Pezzuto, Roberto, Rinninella, Emanuele, Cintoni, Marco, Adducci, Enrica, Belardi, A., Bonasera, Elena, Cappelloni, D., Angeloni, Riccardo, Minieri, L., Sagnotta, A., Folliero, G., Solinas, L., Arturi, A., Ferraris, C., Capuano, G., Romeo, G., Amodio, P. M., Carnevale, S., Sansonetti, A., Tierno, S. M., Mazzari, Mario Attilio, Diamanti, P., Muccichini, L., and Menghetti, D.

Subjects
Postoperative Complications, Elective Surgical Procedures, Settore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALE, COVID-19, Humans, Surgery, ERAS, Settore MED/49 - SCIENZE TECNICHE DIETETICHE APPLICATE, Length of Stay, Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, Pandemics, Nutrition
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced ERAS program application in colorectal surgery across hospitals in the Lazio region (central district in Italy) participating in the "Lazio Network" project.A multi-institutional database was constructed. All patients included in this study underwent elective colorectal surgery for both malignant and benign disease between January 2019 and December 2020. Emergency procedures were excluded. The population was divided into 2 groups: a pre-COVID-19 group (PG) of patients operated on between February and December 2019 and a COVID-19 group (CG) of patients operated on between February and December 2020, during the first 2 waves of the pandemic in Italy.The groups included 622 patients in the PG and 615 in the CG treated in 8 hospitals of the network. The mean number of items applied was higher in the PG (65.6% vs. 56.6%, p 0.001) in terms of preoperative items (64.2% vs. 50.7%, p 0.001), intraoperative items (65.0% vs. 53.3%, p 0.001), and postoperative items (68.8% vs. 63.2%, p 0.001). Postoperative recovery was faster in the PG, with a shorter time to first flatus, first stool, autonomous mobilization and discharge (6.82 days vs. 7.43 days, p = 0.021). Postoperative complications, mortality and reoperations were similar among the groups.The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the application of ERAS in the centers of the "Lazio Network" study group, with a reduction in adherence to the ERAS protocol in terms of preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative items. In addition, in the CG, the patients had worse postoperative outcomes with respect to recovery and discharge.

Published
2022

36. Topic: Incisional Hernia — “Difficult case” as specialistic case: real loss of substance, multi recurrences, infections, fistulas, lombocel, burst abdomen, reconstruction of the entire wall

Author

Veronesi, P., Origi, M., Pappalardo, V., Zuliani, W., Sahoo, M., Radu, V., Radu, A., Ene, St., Lica, M., Nahabet, E., Stulberg, J., Majumbder, A., Sanchez, E., Novitsky, Y., Morales-Conde, S., Sanchez-Ramirez, M., Alarcón, I., Barranco, A., Gómez-Menchero, J., Suárez, J. M., Bellido, J., Socas, M., López-Quindós, P., García-Ureña, M. A., Aguilera, A., Blázquez, L., Cruz, A., Galván, A., González, E., Jiménez, C., López-Monclús, J., Melero, D., Palencia, N., Robin, A., Becerra, R., Lopez-Monclus, J., Garcia-Ureña, M. A., Blazquez-Hernando, L. A., Melero-Montes, D. A., Jimenez-Ceinos, C., Becerra-Ortiz, R., Lopez-Quindos, P., Galvan, A., García-Ureña, M., Movilla, A. Sánchez, Blázquez, D., Montes, D. Melero, Valle de Lersundi, A. Robín, Cidoncha, A. Cruz, Pavía, A. García, Quindós, P. López, García, M., García, S., Di Maio, V., Marte, G., Ferronetti, A., Canfora, A., Mauriello, C., Bottino, V., Maida, P., Berta, R., Bellini, R., Mancini, R., Moretto, C., Anselmino, M., Cumbo, P., and Roberti, L.

Published
2015
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37. Recent Innovations & Daily Problems

Author

Tsai, Y., Ross, N., Niebuhr, H., Sailer, M., Köckerling, F., Sun, L., Shen, Y. M., Chen, J., Liu, S. J., Chen, F. Q., Yang, G. Y., Berney, C., Malouf, P., Suarez, D., Tavera, J. L., Ocadiz, J., Chen, T., Wang, J., Mancini, R., Pattaro, G., Ceci, F., Spaziani, E., Bansa, B., Lal, P., Sharma, R., Pradhan, G., Chander, J., Ramteke, V. K., Wijerathne, S., Agarwal, N., Liem, D., Lomanto, D., Warren, J., Cobb, W., Ewing, J., Carbonell, A., Guillaume, O., Holl, E., Park, J., Monforte, X., Redl, H., Petter-Puchner, A., Gruber-Blum, S., Teuschl, A., Yoshihara, E., Pottel, H., D’Hondt, M., Jadhav, P., Nagahama, T., Ando, M., Ami, K., Amagasa, H., Ganno, H., Arai, K., Kitamura, M., El-Hayek, K., Yoo, J., Phillips, M., Pauli, E., Bittner, J., Kroh, M., Garcia, D., Furtado, T., Alberti, L., Neto, C., Hubner, P., Alves, A., Oliveira, C., Vianna, J., Campolina, C., Dumanian, G., Dumanian, Z., Tulaimat, A., Chen, S., Liu, L. J., Guttadauro, A., Frassani, S., Macchini, D., Bertolini, A., Maternini, M., Gabrielli, F., Subramanian, V., Venditti, D., De Majo, A., Sena, G., Lisi, G., De Sanctis, F., Petrella, G., Porwal, A., Jadhav, M., Stein, M., Kaveggia, L., Clift, J., Noda, W., Niebuhr, H., Ross, N., Niebuhr, H., Ross, N., Niebuhr, H., Ross, N., Niebuhr, H., Ross, N., and Niebuhr, H.

Published
2015
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40. Per un nuovo equilibrio tra natura e persona

Author

Da RE, A, Buzzoni, M, Danani, C, Tesio, L, Giunta, F, Billeri, I, Adrario, E, Marinelli, M, Pagliacci, D, Mancini, R, Pulcini, E, giglioni, G, Russo, M-T, Pierosara, S, Alici, L, Pagliacci, Donatella, Pagliacci, D (ORCID:0000-0003-3881-6032), Da RE, A, Buzzoni, M, Danani, C, Tesio, L, Giunta, F, Billeri, I, Adrario, E, Marinelli, M, Pagliacci, D, Mancini, R, Pulcini, E, giglioni, G, Russo, M-T, Pierosara, S, Alici, L, Pagliacci, Donatella, and Pagliacci, D (ORCID:0000-0003-3881-6032)

Abstract

L’esistenza degli esseri umani è interamente annodata alle vi- cende e al dispiegarsi degli eventi naturali. La natura costituisce lo sfondo sul quale si stagliano i fatti, l’insieme dei fenomeni prevedibili e imprevedibili, ma anche un’alleata o la perso- nificazione del destino che, fatalmente, si abbatte sulle vite degli individui, sottraendo loro una parte del potere che vor- rebbero gestire in proprio, una dea o una matrigna; la natura incanta poeti e letterati, offre il campo d’indagine a ricerche sempre più sofisticate, impone dei limiti, a tratti invalicabili, che, sistematicamente, gli umani vorrebbero oltrepassare, è benigna quando offre alla vita umana tutto ciò che ne garanti- sce il sostentamento, spettrale quando cela gelosamente i suoi reconditi misteri.

Published
2022

41. Physicians’ misperceived cardiovascular risk and therapeutic inertia as determinants of low LDL-cholesterol targets achievement in diabetes

Author

Morieri, M. L., Lamacchia, O., Manzato, E., Giaccari, Andrea, Avogardo, A., Amoresano, L., Angotti, S., Bartone, L., Caraffa, F., Carboni, A., Carro, S., Cervone, S., Clerico, A., Console, I., Conti, D. M., D'Addato, S., De Bellis, Andrea, de Meo, F., di Carlo, A., di Cianni, G., di Giovanni, G., di Lembo, S., Diacono, F., Dolcino, M., Elia, G., Elli, P., Fatone, C., Galli, A., Galluzzo, G., Garzaniti, A., Ghelardi, R., Giacchini, A., Giunta, L., Golia, F., Gregorio, F., Ierna, D., Lampitella, A., Luciano, A., Maffettone, A., Mancini, R., Mangone, I., Mantovani, L. E., Marangoni, A., Marelli, G., Marin, N., Marino, G., Mastromatteo, E., Mazziotti, G., Me, E., Memoli, G., Menicatti, L. S. M., Moffa, Simona, Moise', M., Monaco, F., Morgante, S. N., Pellicano, F., Petraroli, E., Piersanti, D., Pipitone, A., Puglisi, S., Rinaldi, M., Rizzo, M., Rosco, Principia Maria, Scollo, G., Simioni, N., Squadrone, M., Sturniolo, G., Tedeschi, Alessandra, Tizio, B., Ugolotti, D., Valente, L., Vinci, C., Zenoni, L., Zenti, M. G., Giaccari A. (ORCID:0000-0002-7462-7792), de Bellis A., Moffa S., Rosco M., Tedeschi A., Morieri, M. L., Lamacchia, O., Manzato, E., Giaccari, Andrea, Avogardo, A., Amoresano, L., Angotti, S., Bartone, L., Caraffa, F., Carboni, A., Carro, S., Cervone, S., Clerico, A., Console, I., Conti, D. M., D'Addato, S., De Bellis, Andrea, de Meo, F., di Carlo, A., di Cianni, G., di Giovanni, G., di Lembo, S., Diacono, F., Dolcino, M., Elia, G., Elli, P., Fatone, C., Galli, A., Galluzzo, G., Garzaniti, A., Ghelardi, R., Giacchini, A., Giunta, L., Golia, F., Gregorio, F., Ierna, D., Lampitella, A., Luciano, A., Maffettone, A., Mancini, R., Mangone, I., Mantovani, L. E., Marangoni, A., Marelli, G., Marin, N., Marino, G., Mastromatteo, E., Mazziotti, G., Me, E., Memoli, G., Menicatti, L. S. M., Moffa, Simona, Moise', M., Monaco, F., Morgante, S. N., Pellicano, F., Petraroli, E., Piersanti, D., Pipitone, A., Puglisi, S., Rinaldi, M., Rizzo, M., Rosco, Principia Maria, Scollo, G., Simioni, N., Squadrone, M., Sturniolo, G., Tedeschi, Alessandra, Tizio, B., Ugolotti, D., Valente, L., Vinci, C., Zenoni, L., Zenti, M. G., Giaccari A. (ORCID:0000-0002-7462-7792), de Bellis A., Moffa S., Rosco M., and Tedeschi A.

Abstract

Background: Greater efforts are needed to overcome the worldwide reported low achievement of LDL-c targets. This survey aimed to dissect whether and how the physician-based evaluation of patients with diabetes is associated with the achievement of LDL-c targets. Methods: This cross-sectional self-reported survey interviewed physicians working in 67 outpatient services in Italy, collecting records on 2844 patients with diabetes. Each physician reported a median of 47 records (IQR 42–49) and, for each of them, the physician specified its perceived cardiovascular risk, LDL-c targets, and the suggested refinement in lipid-lowering-treatment (LLT). These physician-based evaluations were then compared to recommendations from EAS/EASD guidelines. Results: Collected records were mostly from patients with type 2 diabetes (94%), at very-high (72%) or high-cardiovascular risk (27%). Physician-based assessments of cardiovascular risk and of LDL-c targets, as compared to guidelines recommendation, were misclassified in 34.7% of the records. The misperceived assessment was significantly higher among females and those on primary prevention and was associated with 67% lower odds of achieving guidelines-recommended LDL-c targets (OR 0.33, p < 0.0001). Peripheral artery disease, target organ damage and LLT-initiated by primary-care-physicians were all factors associated with therapeutic-inertia (i.e., lower than expected probability of receiving high-intensity LLT). Physician-suggested LLT refinement was inadequate in 24% of overall records and increased to 38% among subjects on primary prevention and with misclassified cardiovascular risk. Conclusions: This survey highlights the need to improve the physicians’ misperceived cardiovascular risk and therapeutic inertia in patients with diabetes to successfully implement guidelines recommendations into everyday clinical practice.

Published
2022

44. Characterizing the Effect of Magnetization at >10 KT in Cylindrically Imploded Hot Dense Plasmas Using Dopant Spectroscopy Techniques and Benchmarked Simulations

Author

Bailly-Grandvaux, M., primary, Florido, R., additional, Perez-Callejo, G., additional, Walsh, C. A., additional, McGuffey, C., additional, Santos, J. J., additional, Suzuki-Vidal, F., additional, Saret, J., additional, Gigosos, M. A., additional, Bradford, P., additional, Vlachos, C., additional, Mancini, R. C., additional, and Beg, F. N., additional

Published
2022
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46. Development and integration of photonic Doppler velocimetry as a diagnostic for radiation driven experiments on the Z-machine

Author

Swanson, K. J., primary, Jaar, G. S., additional, Mayes, D. C., additional, Mancini, R. C., additional, Ivanov, V. V., additional, Astanovitskiy, A. L., additional, Dmitriev, O., additional, Klemmer, A. W., additional, De La Cruz, C., additional, Dolan, D., additional, Porwitzky, A., additional, Loisel, G. P., additional, and Bailey, J. E., additional

Published
2022
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47. Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment

Author

Abu-Shawareb, H, Acree, R, Adams, P, Adams, J, Addis, B, Aden, R, Adrian, P, Afeyan, BB, Aggleton, M, Aghaian, L, Aguirre, A, Aikens, D, Akre, J, Albert, F, Albrecht, M, Albright, BJ, Albritton, J, Alcala, J, Alday, C, Alessi, DA, Alexander, N, Alfonso, J, Alfonso, N, Alger, E, Ali, SJ, Ali, ZA, Alley, WE, Amala, P, Amendt, PA, Amick, P, Ammula, S, Amorin, C, Ampleford, DJ, Anderson, RW, Anklam, T, Antipa, N, Appelbe, B, Aracne-Ruddle, C, Araya, E, Arend, M, Arnold, P, Arnold, T, Asay, J, Atherton, LJ, Atkinson, D, Atkinson, R, Auerbach, JM, Austin, B, Auyang, L, Awwal, AS, Ayers, J, Ayers, S, Ayers, T, Azevedo, S, Bachmann, B, Back, CA, Bae, J, Bailey, DS, Bailey, J, Baisden, T, Baker, KL, Baldis, H, Barber, D, Barberis, M, Barker, D, Barnes, A, Barnes, CW, Barrios, MA, Barty, C, Bass, I, Batha, SH, Baxamusa, SH, Bazan, G, Beagle, JK, Beale, R, Beck, BR, Beck, JB, Bedzyk, M, Beeler, RG, Behrendt, W, Belk, L, Bell, P, Belyaev, M, Benage, JF, Bennett, G, Benedetti, LR, Benedict, LX, Berger, R, Bernat, T, Bernstein, LA, Berry, B, Bertolini, L, Besenbruch, G, Betcher, J, Bettenhausen, R, Betti, R, Bezzerides, B, Bhandarkar, SD, Bickel, R, Biener, J, Biesiada, T, Bigelow, K, Bigelow-Granillo, J, Bigman, V, Bionta, RM, Birge, NW, Bitter, M, Black, AC, Bleile, R, Bleuel, DL, Bliss, E, Blue, B, Boehly, T, Boehm, K, Boley, CD, Bonanno, R, Bond, EJ, Bond, T, Bonino, MJ, Borden, M, Bourgade, J-L, Bousquet, J, Bowers, J, Bowers, M, Boyd, R, Bozek, A, Bradley, DK, Bradley, KS, Bradley, PA, Bradley, L, Brannon, L, Brantley, PS, Braun, D, Braun, T, Brienza-Larsen, K, Briggs, TM, Britten, J, Brooks, ED, Browning, D, Bruhn, MW, Brunner, TA, Bruns, H, Brunton, G, Bryant, B, Buczek, T, Bude, J, Buitano, L, Burkhart, S, Burmark, J, Burnham, A, Burr, R, Busby, LE, Butlin, B, Cabeltis, R, Cable, M, Cabot, WH, Cagadas, B, Caggiano, J, Cahayag, R, Caldwell, SE, Calkins, S, Callahan, DA, Calleja-Aguirre, J, Camara, L, Camp, D, Campbell, EM, Campbell, JH, Carey, B, Carey, R, Carlisle, K, Carlson, L, Carman, L, Carmichael, J, Carpenter, A, Carr, C, Carrera, JA, Casavant, D, Casey, A, Casey, DT, Castillo, A, Castillo, E, Castor, JI, Castro, C, Caughey, W, Cavitt, R, Celeste, J, Celliers, PM, Cerjan, C, Chandler, G, Chang, B, Chang, C, Chang, J, Chang, L, Chapman, R, Chapman, T, Chase, L, Chen, H, Chen, K, Chen, L-Y, Cheng, B, Chittenden, J, Choate, C, Chou, J, Chrien, RE, Chrisp, M, Christensen, K, Christensen, M, Christopherson, AR, Chung, M, Church, JA, Clark, A, Clark, DS, Clark, K, Clark, R, Claus, L, Cline, B, Cline, JA, Cobble, JA, Cochrane, K, Cohen, B, Cohen, S, Collette, MR, Collins, G, Collins, LA, Collins, TJB, Conder, A, Conrad, B, Conyers, M, Cook, AW, Cook, D, Cook, R, Cooley, JC, Cooper, G, Cope, T, Copeland, SR, Coppari, F, Cortez, J, Cox, J, Crandall, DH, Crane, J, Craxton, RS, Cray, M, Crilly, A, Crippen, JW, Cross, D, Cuneo, M, Cuotts, G, Czajka, CE, Czechowicz, D, Daly, T, Danforth, P, Darbee, R, Darlington, B, Datte, P, Dauffy, L, Davalos, G, Davidovits, S, Davis, P, Davis, J, Dawson, S, Day, RD, Day, TH, Dayton, M, Deck, C, Decker, C, Deeney, C, DeFriend, KA, Deis, G, Delamater, ND, Delettrez, JA, Demaret, R, Demos, S, Dempsey, SM, Desjardin, R, Desjardins, T, Desjarlais, MP, Dewald, EL, DeYoreo, J, Diaz, S, Dimonte, G, Dittrich, TR, Divol, L, Dixit, SN, Dixon, J, Dodd, ES, Dolan, D, Donovan, A, Donovan, M, Döppner, T, Dorrer, C, Dorsano, N, Douglas, MR, Dow, D, Downie, J, Downing, E, Dozieres, M, Draggoo, V, Drake, D, Drake, RP, Drake, T, Dreifuerst, G, DuBois, DF, DuBois, PF, Dunham, G, Dylla-Spears, R, Dymoke-Bradshaw, AKL, Dzenitis, B, Ebbers, C, Eckart, M, Eddinger, S, Eder, D, Edgell, D, Edwards, MJ, Efthimion, P, Eggert, JH, Ehrlich, B, Ehrmann, P, Elhadj, S, Ellerbee, C, Elliott, NS, Ellison, CL, Elsner, F, Emerich, M, Engelhorn, K, England, T, English, E, Epperson, P, Epstein, R, Erbert, G, Erickson, MA, Erskine, DJ, Erlandson, A, Espinosa, RJ, Estes, C, Estabrook, KG, Evans, S, Fabyan, A, Fair, J, Fallejo, R, Farmer, N, Farmer, WA, Farrell, M, Fatherley, VE, Fedorov, M, Feigenbaum, E, Feit, M, Ferguson, W, Fernandez, JC, Fernandez-Panella, A, Fess, S, Field, JE, Filip, CV, Fincke, JR, Finn, T, Finnegan, SM, Finucane, RG, Fischer, M, Fisher, A, Fisher, J, Fishler, B, Fittinghoff, D, Fitzsimmons, P, Flegel, M, Flippo, KA, Florio, J, Folta, J, Folta, P, Foreman, LR, Forrest, C, Forsman, A, Fooks, J, Foord, M, Fortner, R, Fournier, K, Fratanduono, DE, Frazier, N, Frazier, T, Frederick, C, Freeman, MS, Frenje, J, Frey, D, Frieders, G, Friedrich, S, Froula, DH, Fry, J, Fuller, T, Gaffney, J, Gales, S, Le Galloudec, B, Le Galloudec, KK, Gambhir, A, Gao, L, Garbett, WJ, Garcia, A, Gates, C, Gaut, E, Gauthier, P, Gavin, Z, Gaylord, J, Geissel, M, Génin, F, Georgeson, J, Geppert-Kleinrath, H, Geppert-Kleinrath, V, Gharibyan, N, Gibson, J, Gibson, C, Giraldez, E, Glebov, V, Glendinning, SG, Glenn, S, Glenzer, SH, Goade, S, Gobby, PL, Goldman, SR, Golick, B, Gomez, M, Goncharov, V, Goodin, D, Grabowski, P, Grafil, E, Graham, P, Grandy, J, Grasz, E, Graziani, F, Greenman, G, Greenough, JA, Greenwood, A, Gregori, G, Green, T, Griego, JR, Grim, GP, Grondalski, J, Gross, S, Guckian, J, Guler, N, Gunney, B, Guss, G, Haan, S, Hackbarth, J, Hackel, L, Hackel, R, Haefner, C, Hagmann, C, Hahn, KD, Hahn, S, Haid, BJ, Haines, BM, Hall, BM, Hall, C, Hall, GN, Hamamoto, M, Hamel, S, Hamilton, CE, Hammel, BA, Hammer, JH, Hampton, G, Hamza, A, Handler, A, Hansen, S, Hanson, D, Haque, R, Harding, D, Harding, E, Hares, JD, Harris, DB, Harte, JA, Hartouni, EP, Hatarik, R, Hatchett, S, Hauer, AA, Havre, M, Hawley, R, Hayes, J, Hayes, S, Hayes-Sterbenz, A, Haynam, CA, Haynes, DA, Headley, D, Heal, A, Heebner, JE, Heerey, S, Heestand, GM, Heeter, R, Hein, N, Heinbockel, C, Hendricks, C, Henesian, M, Heninger, J, Henrikson, J, Henry, EA, Herbold, EB, Hermann, MR, Hermes, G, Hernandez, JE, Hernandez, VJ, Herrmann, MC, Herrmann, HW, Herrera, OD, Hewett, D, Hibbard, R, Hicks, DG, Hill, D, Hill, K, Hilsabeck, T, Hinkel, DE, Ho, DD, Ho, VK, Hoffer, JK, Hoffman, NM, Hohenberger, M, Hohensee, M, Hoke, W, Holdener, D, Holdener, F, Holder, JP, Holko, B, Holunga, D, Holzrichter, JF, Honig, J, Hoover, D, Hopkins, D, Berzak Hopkins, L, Hoppe, M, Hoppe, ML, Horner, J, Hornung, R, Horsfield, CJ, Horvath, J, Hotaling, D, House, R, Howell, L, Hsing, WW, Hu, SX, Huang, H, Huckins, J, Hui, H, Humbird, KD, Hund, J, Hunt, J, Hurricane, OA, Hutton, M, Huynh, KH-K, Inandan, L, Iglesias, C, Igumenshchev, IV, Izumi, N, Jackson, M, Jackson, J, Jacobs, SD, James, G, Jancaitis, K, Jarboe, J, Jarrott, LC, Jasion, D, Jaquez, J, Jeet, J, Jenei, AE, Jensen, J, Jimenez, J, Jimenez, R, Jobe, D, Johal, Z, Johns, HM, Johnson, D, Johnson, MA, Gatu Johnson, M, Johnson, RJ, Johnson, S, Johnson, SA, Johnson, T, Jones, K, Jones, O, Jones, M, Jorge, R, Jorgenson, HJ, Julian, M, Jun, BI, Jungquist, R, Kaae, J, Kabadi, N, Kaczala, D, Kalantar, D, Kangas, K, Karasiev, VV, Karasik, M, Karpenko, V, Kasarky, A, Kasper, K, Kauffman, R, Kaufman, MI, Keane, C, Keaty, L, Kegelmeyer, L, Keiter, PA, Kellett, PA, Kellogg, J, Kelly, JH, Kemic, S, Kemp, AJ, Kemp, GE, Kerbel, GD, Kershaw, D, Kerr, SM, Kessler, TJ, Key, MH, Khan, SF, Khater, H, Kiikka, C, Kilkenny, J, Kim, Y, Kim, Y-J, Kimko, J, Kimmel, M, Kindel, JM, King, J, Kirkwood, RK, Klaus, L, Klem, D, Kline, JL, Klingmann, J, Kluth, G, Knapp, P, Knauer, J, Knipping, J, Knudson, M, Kobs, D, Koch, J, Kohut, T, Kong, C, Koning, JM, Koning, P, Konior, S, Kornblum, H, Kot, LB, Kozioziemski, B, Kozlowski, M, Kozlowski, PM, Krammen, J, Krasheninnikova, NS, Kraus, B, Krauser, W, Kress, JD, Kritcher, AL, Krieger, E, Kroll, JJ, Kruer, WL, Kruse, MKG, Kucheyev, S, Kumbera, M, Kumpan, S, Kunimune, J, Kustowski, B, Kwan, TJT, Kyrala, GA, Laffite, S, Lafon, M, LaFortune, K, Lahmann, B, Lairson, B, Landen, OL, Langenbrunner, J, Lagin, L, Land, T, Lane, M, Laney, D, Langdon, AB, Langer, SH, Langro, A, Lanier, NE, Lanier, TE, Larson, D, Lasinski, BF, Lassle, D, LaTray, D, 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Martinez, D, Maslennikov, I, Mason, D, Mason, RJ, Masse, L, Massey, W, Masson-Laborde, P-E, Masters, ND, Mathisen, D, Mathison, E, Matone, J, Matthews, MJ, Mattoon, C, Mattsson, TR, Matzen, K, Mauche, CW, Mauldin, M, McAbee, T, McBurney, M, Mccarville, T, McCrory, RL, McEvoy, AM, McGuffey, C, Mcinnis, M, McKenty, P, McKinley, MS, McLeod, JB, McPherson, A, Mcquillan, B, Meamber, M, Meaney, KD, Meezan, NB, Meissner, R, Mehlhorn, TA, Mehta, NC, Menapace, J, Merrill, FE, Merritt, BT, Merritt, EC, Meyerhofer, DD, Mezyk, S, Mich, RJ, Michel, PA, Milam, D, Miller, C, Miller, D, Miller, DS, Miller, E, Miller, EK, Miller, J, Miller, M, Miller, PE, Miller, T, Miller, W, Miller-Kamm, V, Millot, M, Milovich, JL, Minner, P, Miquel, J-L, Mitchell, S, Molvig, K, Montesanti, RC, Montgomery, DS, Monticelli, M, Montoya, A, Moody, JD, Moore, AS, Moore, E, Moran, M, Moreno, JC, Moreno, K, Morgan, BE, Morrow, T, Morton, JW, Moses, E, Moy, K, Muir, R, Murillo, MS, Murray, JE, Murray, JR, Munro, DH, Murphy, TJ, Munteanu, FM, Nafziger, J, Nagayama, T, Nagel, SR, Nast, R, Negres, RA, Nelson, A, Nelson, D, Nelson, J, Nelson, S, Nemethy, S, Neumayer, P, Newman, K, Newton, M, Nguyen, H, Di Nicola, J-MG, Di Nicola, P, Niemann, C, Nikroo, A, Nilson, PM, Nobile, A, Noorai, V, Nora, R, Norton, M, Nostrand, M, Note, V, Novell, S, Nowak, PF, Nunez, A, Nyholm, RA, O'Brien, M, Oceguera, A, Oertel, JA, Okui, J, Olejniczak, B, Oliveira, J, Olsen, P, Olson, B, Olson, K, Olson, RE, Opachich, YP, Orsi, N, Orth, CD, Owen, M, Padalino, S, Padilla, E, Paguio, R, Paguio, S, Paisner, J, Pajoom, S, Pak, A, Palaniyappan, S, Palma, K, Pannell, T, Papp, F, Paras, D, Parham, T, Park, H-S, Pasternak, A, Patankar, S, Patel, MV, Patel, PK, Patterson, R, Patterson, S, Paul, B, Paul, M, Pauli, E, Pearce, OT, Pearcy, J, Pedrotti, B, Peer, A, Pelz, LJ, Penetrante, B, Penner, J, Perez, A, Perkins, LJ, Pernice, E, Perry, TS, Person, S, Petersen, D, Petersen, T, Peterson, DL, Peterson, EB, Peterson, JE, Peterson, JL, Peterson, K, Peterson, RR, Petrasso, RD, Philippe, F, Phipps, TJ, Piceno, E, Ping, Y, Pickworth, L, Pino, J, Plummer, R, Pollack, GD, Pollaine, SM, Pollock, BB, Ponce, D, Ponce, J, Pontelandolfo, J, Porter, JL, Post, J, Poujade, O, Powell, C, Powell, H, Power, G, Pozulp, M, Prantil, M, Prasad, M, Pratuch, S, Price, S, Primdahl, K, Prisbrey, S, Procassini, R, Pruyne, A, Pudliner, B, Qiu, SR, Quan, K, Quinn, M, Quintenz, J, Radha, PB, Rainer, F, Ralph, JE, Raman, KS, Raman, R, Rambo, P, Rana, S, Randewich, A, Rardin, D, Ratledge, M, Ravelo, N, Ravizza, F, Rayce, M, Raymond, A, Raymond, B, Reed, B, Reed, C, Regan, S, Reichelt, B, Reis, V, Reisdorf, S, Rekow, V, Remington, BA, Rendon, A, Requieron, W, Rever, M, Reynolds, H, Reynolds, J, Rhodes, J, Rhodes, M, Richardson, MC, Rice, B, Rice, NG, Rieben, R, Rigatti, A, Riggs, S, Rinderknecht, HG, Ring, K, Riordan, B, Riquier, R, Rivers, C, Roberts, D, Roberts, V, Robertson, G, Robey, HF, Robles, J, Rocha, P, Rochau, G, Rodriguez, J, Rodriguez, S, Rosen, M, Rosenberg, M, Ross, G, Ross, JS, Ross, P, Rouse, J, Rovang, D, Rubenchik, AM, Rubery, MS, Ruiz, CL, Rushford, M, Russ, B, Rygg, JR, Ryujin, BS, Sacks, RA, Sacks, RF, Saito, K, Salmon, T, Salmonson, JD, Sanchez, J, Samuelson, S, Sanchez, M, Sangster, C, Saroyan, A, Sater, J, Satsangi, A, Sauers, S, Saunders, R, Sauppe, JP, Sawicki, R, Sayre, D, Scanlan, M, Schaffers, K, Schappert, GT, Schiaffino, S, Schlossberg, DJ, Schmidt, DW, Schmitt, MJ, Schneider, DHG, Schneider, MB, Schneider, R, Schoff, M, Schollmeier, M, Schölmerich, M, Schroeder, CR, Schrauth, SE, Scott, HA, Scott, I, Scott, JM, Scott, RHH, Scullard, CR, Sedillo, T, Seguin, FH, Seka, W, Senecal, J, Sepke, SM, Seppala, L, Sequoia, K, Severyn, J, Sevier, JM, Sewell, N, Seznec, S, Shah, RC, Shamlian, J, Shaughnessy, D, Shaw, M, Shaw, R, Shearer, C, Shelton, R, Shen, N, Sherlock, MW, Shestakov, AI, Shi, EL, Shin, SJ, Shingleton, N, Shmayda, W, Shor, M, Shoup, M, Shuldberg, C, Siegel, L, Silva, FJ, Simakov, AN, Sims, BT, Sinars, D, Singh, P, Sio, H, Skulina, K, Skupsky, S, Slutz, S, Sluyter, M, Smalyuk, VA, Smauley, D, Smeltser, RM, Smith, C, Smith, I, Smith, J, Smith, L, Smith, R, Sohn, R, Sommer, S, Sorce, C, Sorem, M, Soures, JM, Spaeth, ML, Spears, BK, Speas, S, Speck, D, Speck, R, Spears, J, Spinka, T, Springer, PT, Stadermann, M, Stahl, B, Stahoviak, J, Stanton, LG, Steele, R, Steele, W, Steinman, D, Stemke, R, Stephens, R, Sterbenz, S, Sterne, P, Stevens, D, Stevers, J, Still, CB, Stoeckl, C, Stoeffl, W, Stolken, JS, Stolz, C, Storm, E, Stone, G, Stoupin, S, Stout, E, Stowers, I, Strauser, R, Streckart, H, Streit, J, Strozzi, DJ, Suratwala, T, Sutcliffe, G, Suter, LJ, Sutton, SB, Svidzinski, V, Swadling, G, Sweet, W, Szoke, A, Tabak, M, Takagi, M, Tambazidis, A, Tang, V, Taranowski, M, Taylor, LA, Telford, S, Theobald, W, Thi, M, Thomas, A, Thomas, CA, Thomas, I, Thomas, R, Thompson, IJ, Thongstisubskul, A, Thorsness, CB, Tietbohl, G, Tipton, RE, Tobin, M, Tomlin, N, Tommasini, R, Toreja, AJ, Torres, J, Town, RPJ, Townsend, S, Trenholme, J, Trivelpiece, A, Trosseille, C, Truax, H, Trummer, D, Trummer, S, Truong, T, Tubbs, D, Tubman, ER, Tunnell, T, Turnbull, D, Turner, RE, Ulitsky, M, Upadhye, R, Vaher, JL, VanArsdall, P, VanBlarcom, D, Vandenboomgaerde, M, VanQuinlan, R, Van Wonterghem, BM, Varnum, WS, Velikovich, AL, Vella, A, Verdon, CP, Vermillion, B, Vernon, S, Vesey, R, Vickers, J, Vignes, RM, Visosky, M, Vocke, J, Volegov, PL, Vonhof, S, Von Rotz, R, Vu, HX, Vu, M, Wall, D, Wall, J, Wallace, R, Wallin, B, Walmer, D, Walsh, CA, Walters, CF, Waltz, C, Wan, A, Wang, A, Wang, Y, Wark, JS, Warner, BE, Watson, J, Watt, RG, Watts, P, Weaver, J, Weaver, RP, Weaver, S, Weber, CR, Weber, P, Weber, SV, Wegner, P, Welday, B, Welser-Sherrill, L, Weiss, K, Widmann, K, Wheeler, GF, Whistler, W, White, RK, Whitley, HD, Whitman, P, Wickett, ME, Widmayer, C, Wiedwald, J, Wilcox, R, Wilcox, S, Wild, C, Wilde, BH, Wilde, CH, Wilhelmsen, K, Wilke, MD, Wilkens, H, Wilkins, P, Wilks, SC, Williams, EA, Williams, GJ, Williams, W, Williams, WH, Wilson, DC, Wilson, B, Wilson, E, Wilson, R, Winters, S, Wisoff, J, Wittman, M, Wolfe, J, Wong, A, Wong, KW, Wong, L, Wong, N, Wood, R, Woodhouse, D, Woodruff, J, Woods, DT, Woods, S, Woodworth, BN, Wooten, E, Wootton, A, Work, K, Workman, JB, Wright, J, Wu, M, Wuest, C, Wysocki, FJ, Xu, H, Yamaguchi, M, Yang, B, Yang, ST, Yatabe, J, Yeamans, CB, Yee, BC, Yi, SA, Yin, L, Young, B, Young, CS, Young, CV, Young, P, Youngblood, K, Zacharias, R, Zagaris, G, Zaitseva, N, Zaka, F, Ze, F, Zeiger, B, Zika, M, Zimmerman, GB, Zobrist, T, Zuegel, JD, Zylstra, AB, Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration, Collaboration, Indirect Drive ICF, AWE Plc, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and U.S Department of Energy

Subjects
General Physics, 02 Physical Sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration, 01 Mathematical Sciences, 09 Engineering
Abstract

For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion.

Published
2022

48. The link between homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B12 in chronic kidney disease

Author

Angelini, A., Cappuccilli, M. L., Giacomo Magnoni, Croci Chiocchini, A. L., Aiello, V., Napoletano, A., Iacovella, F., Troiano, A., Mancini, R., Capelli, I., Cianciolo, G., Angelini A., Cappuccilli M.L., Magnoni G., Croci Chiocchini A.L., Aiello V., Napoletano A., Iacovella F., Troiano A., Mancini R., Capelli I., and Cianciolo G.

Subjects
folic acid, end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease, food and beverages, vitamin B12, hyperhomocysteinemia, chronic kidney disease
Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease experience tremendous cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular events are the leading causes of death in these patient populations, thus the interest in non-traditional risk factors such as hyperhomocysteinemia, folic acid and vitamin B12 metabolism is growing. Hyperhomocysteinemia is commonly found in CKD patients because of impaired renal metabolism and reduced renal excretion. Folic acid, the synthetic form of vitamin B9, is critical in the conversion of homocysteine to methionine like vitamin B12. Folic acid has also been shown to improve endothelial function without lowering homocysteine, suggesting an alternative explanation for the effect of folic acid on endothelial function. Whether hyperhomocysteinemia represents a reliable marker of cardiovascular risk and cardiovascular mortality or a therapeutic target in this population remains unclear. However, it is reasonable to consider folic acid with or without methylcobalamin supplementation as appropriate adjunctive therapy in patients with CKD. The purpose of this review is to summarize the characteristics of homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12 metabolism, the mechanism of vascular damage, and the outcome of vitamin supplementation on hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with CKD, ESRD, dialysis treatment, and in kidney transplant recipients.

Published
2021

49. Recent Advances in the Evaluation of Serological Assays for the Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19

Author

Chiereghin A., Zagari R. M., Galli S., Moroni A., Gabrielli L., Venturoli S., Bon I., Rossini G., Saracino I. M., Pavoni M., Lafratta S., Deni A., Felici S., Borghi M., Guerra L., Raumer L., Lodi V., Viale P., Attard L., Lazzarotto T., Borgatti E. C., Leone M., Mancini R., Petrisli E., Turello G., Gaibani P., Vocale C., Roncarati G., Magnani S., Fioro M. A., Fava M., Marzaduri A., Di Felice G., Caveduri F., Chiereghin A., Zagari R.M., Galli S., Moroni A., Gabrielli L., Venturoli S., Bon I., Rossini G., Saracino I.M., Pavoni M., Lafratta S., Deni A., Felici S., Borghi M., Guerra L., Raumer L., Lodi V., Viale P., Attard L., Lazzarotto T., Borgatti E.C., Leone M., Mancini R., Petrisli E., Turello G., Gaibani P., Vocale C., Roncarati G., Magnani S., Fioro M.A., Fava M., Marzaduri A., Di Felice G., and Caveduri F.

Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Antibodies, Viral, COVID-19 Serological Testing, law.invention, Serology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, ECLIA and ELISA, law, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Reference standards, SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, Original Research, Chemiluminescence, 0303 health sciences, biology, Plasma samples, SARS-CoV-2, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, SARS-CoV-2 infection, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, COVID-19, lcsh:RA1-1270, LFIA, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, Immunoglobulin M, ROC Curve, Fully automated, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodie, sensitivity and specificity, Immunoglobulin G, Immunology, biology.protein, Public Health, Antibody, CLIA, business
Abstract

Introduction: Few data on the diagnostic performance of serological tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are currently available. We evaluated sensitivity and specificity of five different widely used commercial serological assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2–specific IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies using reverse transcriptase-PCR assay in nasopharyngeal swab as reference standard test.Methods: A total of 337 plasma samples collected in the period April–June 2020 from SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive (n = 207) and negative (n = 130) subjects were investigated by one point-of-care lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA IgG and IgM, Technogenetics) and four fully automated assays: two chemiluminescence immunoassays (CLIA-iFlash IgG and IgM, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech and CLIA-LIAISON® XL IgG, DiaSorin), one electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA-Elecsys® total predominant IgG, Roche), and one enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA IgA, Euroimmune).Results: The overall sensitivity of all IgG serological assays was >80% and the specificity was >97%. The sensitivity of IgG assays was lower within 2 weeks from the onset of symptoms ranging from 70.8 to 80%. The LFIA and CLIA-iFlash IgM showed an overall low sensitivity of 47.6 and 54.6%, while the specificity was 98.5 and 96.2%, respectively. The ELISA IgA yielded a sensitivity of 84.3% and specificity of 81.7%. However, the ELISA IgA result was indeterminate in 11.7% of cases.Conclusions: IgG serological assays seem to be a reliable tool for the retrospective diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. IgM assays seem to have a low sensitivity and IgA assay is limited by a substantial rate of indeterminate results.

Published
2021

50. Laboratory Generated Photoionization Fronts Relevant to Cosmology.

Author

Springstead, Michael, primary, LeFevre, Heath, additional, Nagayama, Taisuke, additional, Loisel, Guillaume, additional, Bailey, James, additional, Klein, S., additional, Mancini, R., additional, Swanson, Kyle, additional, Winget, Donald, additional, Dunlap, Bart, additional, Davis, Joan, additional, Kuranz, C., additional, and Drake, R., additional

Published
2022
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