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3. Preface to the second edition

Author

Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, primary, Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah, additional, Varbanov, Petar Sabev, additional, and Manan, Zainuddin Abdul, additional

Published
2023
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4. Preface to the third edition

Author

Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, primary, Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah, additional, Varbanov, Petar Sabev, additional, Manan, Zainuddin Abdul, additional, Fan, Yee Van, additional, and Chin, Hon Huin, additional

Published
2023
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21. Potential Impact of Climate Change on Hydropower System in Malaysia.

Author

Ibrahim, Nur Atirah, Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah Wan, Manan, Zainuddin Abdul, Mustaffa, Azizul Azri, Termizi, Siti Nor Azreen Ahmad, and Kidam, Kamarizan

Subjects
CLIMATE change, WATER power, RENEWABLE energy sources, ELECTRICITY
Abstract

Hydropower emerged as the predominant renewable source, constituting 83.3 % of the overall renewable electricity generated and contributing to 15.9 % of the total electricity output in Malaysia. The adverse effects of climate change, including extreme temperature and precipitation events, pose challenges to the performance and infrastructure of the hydropower plant. The main objective of this research is to investigate the potential ramifications of climate change on hydropower generation in Malaysia, with a particular emphasis on the projected impacts of temperature and precipitation changes. Data from ClimateAP software using global climate models are used to estimate the percentage changes in annual average temperature by 2070 under high emissions scenarios in comparison to baseline data from the end of the 20th century. The heat map was used to show the projected maximum temperature and precipitation across Malaysia under the Radiative Concentration Pathways 8.5 scenario. The hydraulic power generated formula was modified to determine the relationship between climate change and power generation. The findings reveal that an increase in temperature reduces power generation while an increase in precipitation increases energy production. Enhancements, additional analysis, and validation of these findings would help mitigate climate change and provide valuable insight into hydropower systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Blockchain-Based Transaction Data Structure Design for Process Integration and Industrial Symbiosis System.

Author

Hon Huin Chin, Varbanov, Petar Sabev, Azreen Ahmad Termizi, Siti Nor, Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah, and Manan, Zainuddin Abdul

Subjects
BLOCKCHAINS, INDUSTRIAL ecology, ECONOMIC activity, ECONOMIC development, ECONOMIC recovery
Abstract

Industrial Symbiosis (IS) and Process Integration (PI) are important activities with the potential to save resource intake and environmental footprints. Process Integration has been done theoretically and in practice for several decades but is still missing an efficient tool for multi-actor documentation and information preservation. The current paper sets out to develop data structures and tool prototypes for data preservation and transaction recording in process designs and Industrial Symbiosis (IS) to support the advancement of decentralised information tracking. The blockchain concept is utilised in this paper, where the information on the key properties of the streams and process stages can be stored in a secured block, and the transaction of resources can be dealt with using the information from the chain of blocks. Each block can represent the actors of the process in the IS, and an actor can request to join the blockchain by mining the blocks and going through the Proof-of-Work (PoW) verification of the new block. This paper introduces several terms to formulate a proper blockchain to store the information and showcase a simple simulation of adding/removing blocks for an IS system. The illustrative case study demonstrates that the method can evaluate Industrial Symbiosis and Process Integration solutions and track the key properties of the streams and process stages, costs, revenues, and environmental footprints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. Agent-Based Modelling Analysis on the Potential Economic Benefits of Mud Cake Waste to Wealth.

Author

Azreen Ahmad Termizi, Siti Nor, Wan Alwi, Sharifah Rafidah, Manan, Zainuddin Abdul, and Varbanov, Petar Sabev

Subjects
ECONOMIC development, ECONOMIC indicators, ECONOMIC activity, ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis, CIRCULAR economy
Abstract

Production of refined sugar generates a significant amount of mud cake waste which has traditionally been managed through disposal in landfills. Such practice is not sustainable and can have negative environmental impacts. While previous research has primarily focused on evaluating the environmental and economic impacts of bagasse, less attention has been given to mud cake waste. By applying the waste-to-wealth concept and promoting a circular economy, this study aims to evaluate the potential economic benefits of using mud cake waste as an alternative raw material in cement production. To assess the potential economic benefits, the study employs an agent-based modelling analysis that simulates the actions and interactions of multiple agents. The results of the analysis demonstrate the potential economic benefits of mud cake waste exchange for both sugar producers and cement manufacturers. The concept of a win-win scenario is emphasized, where both parties share an equal amount of exchange costs and reap mutual benefits in cost savings, improved resource efficiency, and reduced environmental impacts by reducing the amount of waste being disposed of to the landfill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Process synthesis for waste minimisation with emphasis on the synthesis of cleaner and cost effective distillation sequences for azeotropic mixtures

Author

Manan, Zainuddin Abdul

Subjects
660.2842
Abstract

1. Reaction-separation interactions: A waste minimisation approach to process design that promotes opportunistic recycling and includes a systematic technique for designing a recycle network in the context of an overall process. 2. Azeotropic separation systems: (a) A novel geometric approach for synthesis of cleaner and cost effective distillation sequences for homogeneous azeotropic mixtures with and without boundary crossing. Important insights include: • a geometric approach for synthesizing and screening the alternative separation sequences which results in a catalogue pairing the RCMs of the ternary systems with their most promising separation sequences: • a novel procedure for entrainer minimisation for azeotropic distillation sequences, and • new evidences linking the type of separation sequence, the azeotropic column feedstage location and the volatility of an entrainer with the separability of homogeneous azeotropic mixtures. These findings conclusively explain the peculiar dependencies of the separability of homogeneous azeotropic mixtures on the reflux ratio and the number of stages. (b) A geometric approach for synthesis of cost effective distillation sequences for heterogeneous azeotropic mixtures which enables the graphical prediction of the absolute minimum number of units, the region and the point of desirable entrainer flowrate, the optimum decanter tie line position, and the distillate composition for the entrainer recovery column. (c) Guidelines for exploiting feed composition flexibility to improve azeotropic separation based on a novel geometric approach. Important insights include: • the significance of the binary, ternary and desirable ternary feed compositions, and a procedure to achieve the desirable ternary feed composition. • the development of a selection catalogue for feed preconcentration based on a novel geometric approach. • the use of mixing and recycling for grassroot design and retrofit.

Published
1998

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